Environmental
Assessment/Analysis
Reports                            \ O
Report E0035
INDONESIA -
Outer Islands
Power Project
EA Category A
Environmental Assessment
2 of 4
April 1994
This report has been prepared by the Borrower or its Consultant



r-
PT. (PERSERO) TAMBANG BATUBARA BUKIT ASAM
|UKIT ASAM
,. .. .. .. ................ . . . . ......... .
THE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF
THE WEST ASAM-ASAM COAL MINING PROJECT
IN BLOCK 6, SOUTH KALIMANTAN
INDONESIA
1994
INDONESIA
PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA
Mid Plaza Building
JI. Jendral Sudirman Kav. 10-11
JAKARTA, INDONESIA



PREFACE
PT. Arulmin Indonesia planned to develop the West Asam-asam coal mine, the initial part of the Asam-
asam coal deposit within Block IV contract area under contractual agreement wilh PT (Persero) Bukit
Asam Coal Mine. The coal deposik area is located at the Southwestern most part of Asam-asam coal
deposit, Regency or Tanah Laul, South Kalimantan. The mining devehopnent is proiected to supply coal
for Banjarmasin Mine mouth Power Plant (600 MM, funrded by the World Bank. in o!der to increase power
generating capacity for the future Kalimantan interconnection.
In order to ensure environmentally sound resource development in conjunction wih the Government of
Indonesia's policy in enhancing sustainable development and The World Bank requirements, PT. Arutmin
Indonesia has conducled the Environmental Impact Assessment for the coal mine project in accordance
to the government of Indonesia regulalion and procedures guidelines for Environmental Impact
Assessment and Review Process, especialy the Decree of the Ministry of Mine and Energy No.
01851//MIM. PE/1 988 for which presentatirn and evaluation by the Environmental Impad Assessment
Cenlral Committee (Komisi Pusat AMDAL) Departnent of Mine and Energy had been conduded
December 30, 1993.
During the survey November 22, 1993, the scoping and preliminary result of Environme;dal Field
preliminary evaluation had been presented to the local authority at Provincial and Regency Levei attended
and discussed also wilh Local NGO (WALHI and Kompas Bomeo) on local aspiration at earliest stage of
the study. And This documents has indudes any recommendation by the AMDAL Commission MPE and
local aspiration and wik be followed as references guideline in project development process.
The documents consist of two pant which cannot be seperat2d indudes in this submission:
Part 1 : Endronmental Impact Assessment Report (ANDAL REPORT)
Part 2A: Environmental Management Plan (RKL))
Part 2B: Environmental Monitoring Plan (RPL)
Finally, we would like to present our gratilude to all the participants from both the consultant and thn
AMDAL Commission of the Department of Mine and Energy, the local authority and NGO for which with
out their valuable contribution this document would not be materialized.
Jakarta, January 1994
The Proponent
I~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~



PART 1
... ......**......*............. ........... ..... ..... .... .............. ....S............... ...
THE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF
THE WEST ASAM-ASAM COAL MINING PROJECT
IN BLOCK 6, SOUTH KALMANTAN - INDONESIA
PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA



TABLE OF CONTENT
Page
PREFACE ............... i
TABLE OF CONTENT ............                                                                   ii
UST OF TABLE. ............ iv
LIST OF FIGURE ......... vi
UST OF TABLE IN APPENDIX ...............................................   viii
CHAPTER I  INTRODUCTION ...............................................                          1
1.1  Background . ..................................... 1-1
1.2   Policy and Regulations on Environmental Management ......        ........ 1 - 5
1.3    Environmental Impact Key Issues .............................   1-8
1.4    The Objectives and Use of Study  .............................   1-9
1.5  Scope of Work ......................................  -11
1.6    Methodlogy  ...............................  1 -17
CHAPTER 2 PROJECT RATIONALE .............2-........1........                              .. 2-1
2.1  The Proponent ............. 2-1
2.2 The Consuant .......... 2-1
2.3    The Objective and Benefit of The Projei  ........................  2-2
CHAPTER 3  PROJECT DESCRIPTION .....................................    3-1
3.1    Project Development Plan .................................... 3-1
3.2    Resource Description .....................................   3-5
3.3    Mining Operalion Plan ..      ................................ 3 -13
CHAPTER 4  INITIAL ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING ...............................  4-1
4.1  Climate .................. 4 - 1
4.2    Terrain and Geology ......................  4 -10
4.3    Hydrology,/Geohydrology ......................                          4-24
4.4    Flora and Fauna ..................   4 -33
4.5    Socio-economi & Socio cultural ..........          ............  4-50
BAMr.PAte. anEBBS                                     EI1AHE WEST ASAM-ASAM COAL MINE DEVELOPMENT
SOUTH KAUMANTN



r                                                                                                          Page
CHAPTER 5 PREDICTION OF IMPACTS  ....................................    5- 1
5.1    Preparation Stage .    ....................................  5 -1
5.2    Mine Operation Stage ....................................   5-10
5.3    Post Mining Actitiess ....................................   5-19
CHAPTER 6 SIGNIRCANT IMPACTS EVALUATION  . ................................ 6-1
6.1    Mining Preparation Stag  ...................................  6-1
6.2 Mining Operation Stage ..                                                 6 - 7
6.3  Post Mining Operation Stage          ..                                  6 -14
CHAPTER 7 GUIDEUNES FOR IMPACT MANAGEMENT .7-1
7.1 The Scope d Impact Management .7-1
7.2  Guidelines for Impacts Mrnnagement.                                      7-1
APPENDICES
Appendix 1.  Air Qualty Data %naIysis
*  ' .             Appendix 2.  Water Quality Data Analysis
Appendix 3.  Aquatic Biota Data Analysis
Appendix 4.  Response Letter From Komisi Pusat Amdal Departemen Pertambangan dan Energi on
Term of Reference
Appendix 5.  Curriculum Vitae
Appendix 6.  Bibliography
B1OMWPAat 2UL                                       BE-E WESr ASAMASA  COAL lNE DEVELOPLNW
r                               SOUTh KAANT



: 19
-                      -                            UST OF TABLE
Table No.                                                                               Page
CHAPTER 1.
1.1          Paramelers and Methods for Air Quality Analysis    ....................... 1 -17
1.2          Characteristics of Samples Loccoss ...............................  1 -19
1.3          Parameter and Method for Hidrological Analysis . .......................  1 -20
1.4          Parameler for Physical, Chemica and Bioogical Characteristics,
Instrument and Method ......................  1 -22
1.5          Slalus of Water Quality Criteria Ambient ..............................  1 -24
1.6          Classification on Degree of Poution .................................  1 -25
1.7          Parameter and Method for Flora & Fauna Analsis ........... ...........  1 -29
1.8          Parameter and Merhods for Social Economical and
Culture Component .Analsis ........ ..............................  11-31
1.9          Types and Sources d SecoundaiyData .............1-.2..........  1
CHAPTER 3.
t 3.1                            West Asam-asam Mine Producion Schedule.                                   3-2
32           Number of Personnal Requirements .                                         3-31
3.3          Mining Equipments ......       .....                    ;                  3-32
CHAPTER 4.
4.1          Climatology DataSt. Peaihad, South Kalimanlan (1982 - 1991) .....  .......  4-2
42           Climatology Banjarbaru SL Banjarbaru, SotAh Kalmantan (1975 - 1990) ......  4-2
4.3          Climate Data of Site Localion ..................;                          4-7
4.4          Measurement Analysis Air Quality and Noise West Asam-asam
Coal Mine Project, Environmental Impact Assessment .                       4-8
4.4A         Tiurbidiy and Sediment Content ......... ...........................  4-26
4.4B         Erosion Level ................................................. 4-27
4.5          River Water Quarty Parameters Status, Exceding Clss B Standard ..... .... 4-30
4.6          River Water Qualty Parameter Status, Exceeding Class C Standard for
Fishery .                                                                  4-31
4.7          Water Quality Parameter Status, Exceeding Class D  Standard for
Agriculture .                                                              4-31
BA=WPAM IW7EJ                                       BAME WEST ASAMASM COA    DEVELOPMENT
iv                             SOUTH KAANTA



Table No.                                                                        Page
4.8         Pollution Level Based on Nutrients, Organics Matters and Organism
Diversity .........................................                 4 -32
4.9         Dug Well Pollution Level, Based on Nutrients anda Organic Matters ..... .... 4 -33
4.10        Forest Vegetation Composition at Proposed West Asar-asam Mine ..... .... 4 -35
4.11        Home Garden Vegelatloin at Simpang Empat, Asam-asam Village ..... ...... 4 -38
4.12        Forest Vegetation Composikion at Proposed West Asam-asam Mine Site for
Coal Haulage to Coal Mouth PLTU .      ;. 4 -39
4.13        Species of Mammals in The Study Area .                              4 -41
4.14        Species of Bird in The Sludy Area .                                  4 -43
4.15        Species of Repils and Amphibians in The Study Area .                4 -45
4.16        Plankton Condition of Asam-asam River Watershed .                    4 -46
4.17        Benthos Condition, Asam-asam River Watershed .                       4 -47
4.18        Fish Species in Asam-asam River .                                    4 -48
4.19        Fishes Species on Fresh Waler and Marine Aqualiq in
Kabupalen Tanah Laut - South Karimantan ............. ............... 4 -49
4.20        Population Growth, and Density of Vilangers at Project Localion ...... ...... 4 -51
4.21        Population Structure (Age, Sex) of Vilangers at Project Location ..... ....... 4 -51
4.22        Population Educalion Level of Villangers at Projet Location ...... ......... 4 -52
4d23        Population Main Occupation of Villangers at Project Location ............... 4 -53
4.24        Land Use Village at Proiect Site.                                   4 -54
3 *             4.25        Areal and Local Community Land Production and Transmigration.        4 -55
4.26        Family Subsistence Demand ...................................... 4 -57
4.27        Brackish-Water Ponds Productivity ..........   4 -58
4.28        Number and Type of Medical Fadliy in Project Area ....  ......  4 -64
4.29        Important Disease In Project Area ..........   4 -65
CHAPTER 5.
5.1         Matrix Significant Impact Identification Coal Mining Activities ......... .  5 - 2
52          Characteiistic of Acidic Waste Water ..........   5 -16
CHAPTER 6.
6.1         Matrix Significant Impact Evaluation Coa Mining Activities ...... ....  6-2
SA=:WPA.EME                                    EITE WEST ASAM.ASM caL MINE DEVELOPMENT
v                           SOUTH KALMNTAN



UST OF FIGURE
Figure No.                                                                                     Page
CHAPTER 1.
1.1           PT. ARUTMIN Location Map ..................................                      1 -2
1.2           West Asam-asam Resources Location Within Block 6  ...................1 -3
1.3           West Asam-asam Coal Mine PLTU Asam-asam Location Map ......            ........  1 -4
1.4           EIA Study Boundary ........................................ 1 -12
1.5           Sampling Map for Water & Air Qualy  ................         ...............  1 -18
CHAPTER 3.
3.1           West Asam-asam Coal Mining Development Activity  .......         .............  3-3
3.2           Location Map of West Asam-asam  Coal Mining Project .......         ...........  3-4
3.2A          Geology Map of Asam-asam Deposit Zone  ................. ..........  3-6
3.3           Regional Stratigraphic Column  ....................................    3-7
3.4,          Schematic Seam Correlation West Asam-asam  .........          ...............  3-9
3.5           Presentable Trace Element Analsis of Asam-asan Lignite Coal .....       .......  3 -11
3.6           Typical Model of Active Pit Mining ..................................  3-16
3.6A          West Asam-asam Mining Deveopment Schedule .            ......................  3-17
3.6B          Mining Pit Layout Is 5 Years ..................................                 3-18
3.6C          Mining Pit Layout 2  5 Yeas ......................................   3-19
3.60          Mining Pit Layout 3" 5 Years ..................................                 3-20
3.6E          Mining Pit Layout 4 5 Years ..................................                  3 -21
.6F           Mining Pk Layout  5 Years ....................................... 3 -22
3.6G          Mining Pit Layout Sales Cease ...... 3-23
3.7           Typical Stripping Benches ........                                              3-25
3.7A   Typical In-Pit Haul Road Benches .                                                     3-26
3.8   Typical Haulage Coal Road Corridor .                                                    3-28
3.8A  Haul Coal Road Alignment .                                                              3-29
3.9           Conceptual Lay-out Mine Service Facility West Asam-asam ............... 3-33
3.10          Typiua Lay-out of Crushing Plant and Stockpile ........................ 3-35
3.11          Typical Lay-out for Coal Stockpile and Drainage ............     ............  3-36
3.12          Typical Design of Sedimentation Pond ............................... 3 -38
BaToc.W.Rm. ,2f                                        BATHE WEST ASAUASAM COAL MINE DEVELOPMENT
SOUTH KWLMNTAN



Figure No.                                                                       Page
CHAPTER 4.
4.1         Mine Annual Rainfall ..............................  4- 3
4.2         Wind Direction and Velocity Diagram 1982-1991 Station Baniarmasin, South
Kalimantan (January - June) .                                         4 - 5
4.3         Wind Direction and Velocity Diagram 192-1991 Station Banjarmasin, South
Kalimantan (July - December) .4 - 6
4.4  Morphology Map.                                                              4 -12
4.5         Regional Stratigraphy Column.                                         4 -13
4.6         Asam-asam Ugnte Deposit Arera .4 -15
4.6A        Miocene Stratigraphic Column in Asam-asdm Area .4 -17
4.6B        Boring Localion at West Asam-asam .4 -18
4.6C        Geological of Map West Asam-asam.                                    4 -19
4.7 Land .4-20
4.7A        Detail Soil Type, West Asam-asam.                                     4 -22
4.8  Land Use Map.                                                                4-23
4.9         Asam-asam River Tribtjuaries.                                        4-25
4.10        Hydrogeological Map West Asam-asam.                                  4 -29
CHAPTER 5.
6                5.1         Flow of Impact Mining Preparation.5 - 3
5.1         Flow of Impact Mining Operation Stage.                               5-11
5.1         Flow of Impact Post Mining Operation Stage .5-20
BkT8C.WPRAL2l                                  EIA-TH4E WEST ASMASAW COAL  EDEVELOPMENT
vi                           SOUrH AUMANTAI



LIST OF TABLE IN APPENDIX
*   r             Appendix
r                  1. Air Quality Data Analysis
- Hasil Analisis Kualias Udara Rencana Tambang Batubara, Kommaan Joong, Kabupaten Tanah
Laut - Kalimantai Selatan.
- Data Lapangan Pengukuran Tingkat Kebisingan Rencana Tambang Balubara Asam-asam -
Kalimantan Selatan.
2. Water Quality Data Analysis
Table 1. Water Quality Data and Status Analysis (For Class B)
(Naiyah River, Asam-asam Watrrshad)
Table 2. Water Quality Data and Status Analysis (For Class B)
(Naiyah River, Asam-asam Watershad)
Table 3. Water Quality Data and Status Analysis (For Class B)
(Rangkan River, Asam-asam Watershad;
Table 4. Water Qualry Data and Status Analysis (For Class B)
'  _                          f(Rangkan River, Asan-asam Watershad
Table 5. Water Quality Data and Status Analysis (For Class B)
(Asam-asam River)
Table 6. Water Quality Data and Status Analysis (For Class B)
(Asam-asam River)
Table 7. Water Quality Data and Status Analysis (For Cass B)
(Asam-asam River)
Table 8. Water Quarity Data and Status Analysis (For Cass B)
(Asam-asam River
Table 9. Water Quality Data and Status Analysis (For CLss C)
(Naiyah River, Asam-asam Watershad)
Table 10. Water Qualily Data and Analysis (For Class B)
(Naiyah River. Asam-asam Watemshad;
Table 11. Water Qualily Data and Status Analysis (For Class C)
(Rangkan River. Asam-asam Watershad)
Table 12. Water Quality Data and Stalus Analysis (For Class C)
(Rangkan River, Asam-asam Watershad)
ErtoCWP.Ra1.                                     BA.IHE VEST ASAwkSM COL MINE DEVELOPMBNT
VI                            SOMH KNJMTAN



Aedix
Table 13 Water Quality Data and Status Analysis (For Class B)
(Asam-asam River)
Table 14. Water Quality Data and Status Analysis
(Asam-asam River)
Table 15. Water Quality Data and Status Analysis (For Class B)
(Asam-asam River)
Table 1. Water Quality Data and Status Analysis (F.,r Class B)
(Asamn-asam River)
Table 17. Water Quality Data and Status Analysis (For Class B)
(Asam-asam River
Table 18. Water Qualily Data and Status Analysis (For Class D)
(Naiyah River, Asam-asam Watershad)
Table 19. Water Ouality Data and Status Analysis (For Class D)
(Naiyah River, Asam-esam Walershacd
Table 20. Water Qualily Dala and Status Analysis (For Class D)
(Rangkan River, Asam-asam Watershad)
Table 21. Water Quality Dala and Status Analysis (For Class D)
(Rangkan Rivef, Asam-asam Watershed)
Table 22. Waler Quality Data and Status Analysis (For Class D)
*                             (Asam-asam River)
Table 23. Waler Quality Data and Status Analysis (For Class D)
(Asam-asam River)
Table 24. Waler Quality Data and Status Analysis (For Class D)
(Asam-asam River)
Table 25. Water Quality Data and Slatus Analysis (For Class D)
(Asam-asam River)
Table 26. Water Quality Data and Status Analsis (For Class B)
(Asam-asam)
Table 27. Water Quality Data and Status Analysis (For Class B)
(Stockple Pond, Satui Mine)
Table 28. Water Quality and Status Analysis (For Class C)
(Ex Mine Pond, Coal Mine Satuq
3. Aquatic Biota Data Analysis
Table 1. Planklon Composition and Diversity Index
Table 2. Benthos Composition and Shannon & Wiener Diversity Index
BA1OC.WA  anEEe6S                                SAMTHE WEST ASAM-ASM COAL MINE DEVK.OPUENT
SOUTH IALANTAN



Appendix
4. Response Letter From Komisi Pusal Amdal Departemen Peitambangan dan Energi on Term of
Reference
Tanggapan Terhadap KA ANDAL Rencana Penambangmn Balubara Daerah Asam-asam
- Tanggapan Komisi Pusat AMDAL DPE
5. Curriculum Vitae
- India Budiman Syamwil
Erri Nwiar Megantara
- Rudi Sayoga Gautama
- Chunaeni Latief
- Cecep M. Roem
- Ano Sunarno
- Hisyam Achmad
- Vedi Arilin
- Trigeany Linggoalmodjo
- Agust Siswanto
- Hamonangan Siregar
6. Bibliography
5a%o=WPAI 2OMEM                                 EAW   WEST ASAASW  COAL M N DEOOPENT
*x                           SOUnH KAUMNTAN



* 1
: pi
CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
THE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF
THE WEST ASAM-ASAM COAL MINING PROJECT
IN BLOCK 6, SOUTH KAUMANTAN - INDONESIA
PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA



PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA                                                            1-1
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
1.1    BACKGROUND
The Government of Indonesia (GOI) since 1979 had launched the policy for strategic energy resources
conservation and diversficalion follwing the globW ol crisi during the period of 1973-1974. The policy
had placed coal as one of the strategic energy resources for further enhancement of the country's socio-
economic development plan.
In 1981 PT. Arutmin Indonesia entered into an agreement with the Indonesian government for the
exploration and development of the Kalimantan PT. (Persero) Tambang Batubara Bukkit Asm (PTBA)
Block 6 contract area; 1,100 kilometers norlheast of Jakarta (Figure 1.1 8 1.t. By early 1983, the
exploration program was sufficiently advanced to indicate that commercial development of bituminous coal
reserves was feasible at several sites in lhe area. Further exploration during 1988 and 1989 defined
additional biuminous coal reserves in the Satul, Ala and Pulau Laut deposks and very large lignie
resources at Sarongga and Asarn-asam.
The West Asam-asam coal mine development is the continuation of coal reserve development within Bock
6 contract area and the first stage develpment d the Asam-asam lignite deposit. The Project located in
the 5 Km southwestern most part of the Asam-am  Ignie deposit, near the Asam-asam village and
Asam-asam river, Kabupaten Tanah Lat, Southeast of Kalimantan Selatan Province, 10 Km in land to
the coast. The lignie coal deposit is currently under contractual obligations for suppling coal for the futue
PLTU Banjarmasin (Coal Fired Mine Mouth Power Plant. 660 MW). adjacent to the South Asar-asam
river, approximately mid-way between the resource reserve area and the coasie (Fxgure 1.3).
Approximately 50 million tonne of reserve has been identiied within dose proximity of the site at the
westem border of the Asam-asam reserve. The mining will utlize the open pit mining with truck and
shovels, which will occur in a series of boxculs and incrementaly developed, uncover single seams to the
contractual highwall limits, centering around 4 to 1 (BCMslonne). The steady state mine mouth deliveries
are expeded to be 2 milion tonnelyor, which wE secure supply to the PLSU for 25 years. The coal will
be stockpiled in the mine area prior to derivery through 5 kms haul road to the PLTU site.
The steeply dpping resource demands out--pit overburden storage ske ocated up cip from the pits.
During development, approximately 7 milDion BCMs wil be stored in this manner either permanenty or
hauled to final voids at the end of the mine's le.
G&WA1.WAU  ERM                                E-;HE WESr AWSMW     L CX E WEVEBOPME
SOUTh KVArMTAN



1 -2
Figure 1.1
PT. ARUTMIN LOCATION MAP
TAIWAN
CHINA
2 H~~~ONG KONG
BURMA 
_G} <   <(  U                 e  ( ~~~~~~PHILIPPINES
MANILA
'ATHAILANO                                            aS
;2  .   v                  ^     S o      ~~~~~~PT -ARUTMIN
s ;         ~~SOUTH CHINA SEA                           BLOCK 6'
9mSYSMALAYSI
sx  >      ~SINGAPORE <  e   ;;'_       /ISLAWESI
XANJARMASIN
DCFJKAT



,l                                                                                            1-3
Figure 1.2
WEST ASAM-ASAM RESOURCES LOCATION
WITHIN BLOCK 6
! X
INDEKS PETA
.  --                                                                    ,   1   F              a.KALIMANrAA
C,
-LEGEND                                                              f IL Ov""am",
Relnqished Area Nov. I92"I- '-'']m 
Relinquished Aeea Nov. 1985 i!.-'-1SWt
RdmpshaAma¶                                                       r dNov. 1990  Jw
Retmed Aryea ; lii|v
El  BMifSArea               :                                .................. 
ASAM ASA



ip                                    5                     *,
Figure 1.3
WEST ASAM-ASAM COAL MINE
PLTU ASAM-ASAM LOCATION MAP                _                                               -_
s~~~~~~~ ~ ~~~~~~ L- r,                   .5Ax   ,KM                      ' .;  ('
>    s  \  /\WESTASAM-ASAMCOALMINE~~~~~~~~~~sw                     T
S  PLTU 



.i Ij
PT. ARIJ'MIN INDONESIA                                                           1 -5
''.4    !
Reclamation mcliies will take place as contemporaneous as possible. Inkial relamation wI begin In year
3 after pioneering boxcuts are finished.
The thin overburden development prohibkIs total positive drainage. OptimkizatIon d dislurbed lands to pie-
mine drainage condDions will be approximated where possibe. Post mining land use Is planned to be
centered around production forestry, natural vegetation, and wet lands establishment. Wih final pit voids
ading as sediment control structures. The undrainable stuclures wii proide the impetus for
devebpmental study of potential aqua-farming enlerpris  should they be proven vible.
In accordance to the Govemrnent Policy and the intention of the proponent to minimize the environmental
significant negative impact, whib enhamncing the positive Impact throughout the project activity starting from
Initialion slage, construction of facitiles and infrastructures, mining operation stag and pod mining
activity. The proponent herewith has conducted the Environmental Impact Assement (ANDAL) in
accordance to regulation.
The Environmental Impact Assessment Report documen  wil further be used as guidelines for
envronmental management for the entire stage d the Asam-asam coal mine resource extraction activkies.
1 2    POUCY AND REGULATIONS ON ENRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
*1 ,
(1)    POUCY ON ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
Despite its potenlial positive irpact to the socioeconic deveopme at regional and/or iocal level, coal
mining developmern and Is related acivities may have the negative nimpacts to the environmenL
Therefore, it is knpodant for evey singe develom   to combine effort for an integrated, onmentai
managemet in order to minimize negative impacts.of the develpnt projecl, so that the deepment
can be optnoly conducted, for natural resources onservation and  rsevatn, maining the
harmonios, babnce and sustainabiliy d the environment resiency and carrying capacily.
These objeces can be reach by conducting the environrmentally sound mining development activily,
taking into account the following considerations:
a.    Maintaining environmental resiliency and carrying apacity of environmental componenis including
natural resources, water resources, forestry resources, land water quality and other components
which may determine the environmental carrying capacity.
b.    Minimizing negative environmenal imnpacts of the activiy and enhancing the positive knpacts.
EKW#"-WAAL MEM                                   E  WET  ASAII COAL  ^LNE DEVEPMB
SwOUH KIwqITAN



PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA                                                            1 -5
(2)    RELEVANT REGULAMONS
The Environmental Impact AssessmenUANDAL shall be conducted in accordance to regulations and
guidelines of the Government of Indonesia and relevant Ministries as follows:
a.    Law, UU No. 4, 1982, on Basic Prowision for Environmenla Management (Ketentuan-ketentuan
Pokok Pengelolaan Ungkungan Hidup).
b.    Law, UU No. 5, 1990, on Natural Resources Conservation and their Ecosystems (Konservasi
Sumberdaya Alam Hayati dan Ekosistemnya).
c.    Govemment Regulation, PP No. 51,1993, on Environmentai Impact Analysis (Analisis Mengenai
Dampak Lingkungan/AMDAL).
d.    Govemment Regulation No. 20,1990, on Water Pollution Control (Pengendarian Pencemaran Air).
e.    Decree of the State Minister for Population and Environment, No. Kep-491MENKLHI6/1978,
Guidelines for Significant Impact Determination (Pedoman Penentuan Dampak Penting).
f.    Presidential Decree, No. 55,1993, on Land Tithing for Deveopment implementalion for Public
*-  -                  Use (Pengadaan Tanah Bagi Pelaksanaan Pernbangunan Untuk Kepentingan Umum).
g.    Decree of the State Minister for Population and Environment, No. Kep-50/MENKlI-11-987.
Gtidelines P.ocedure for Environmental Impact Analysis (Pedoman Penyusunan Analisis
Mengenai Dampak LingkungarVAMDAL).
h.    Decree of the State Minister for Population and Environment, No. Kep0YMENKLI V111991, on
Gtidlines for Environmental Quality Standard Determination (Pedoman Ketetapan Baku Mutu
Lngkungan).
i.    Decree of the State Minister for Population and Environment, No. Kep-03MENKI-11111991, on
Standard Quardy Waste Water (Baku Mutu Umbah Cair).
j.    Decree of the Minister of Mines and Energy No. 01 5W/KOO8IMPEf1 989, Guidlines Procedure for
Environmental Impact Assessment for Mining and Energy Developmient Projects (Pedoman
Penyusunan ANDAL Untuk Proyek-proyek Pertambangan dan Energ).
BANWAU. =Eu1                                   EWTK VBT ASAMAWSM COAL MN  DEVRoPINT
SOUTH KALMANT



PT. APARJTLN INDONESIA                                                           1- 7
k.    Decree d the Minister d Mines and Energy, No. 01 58.0iOiMPE11 988 on Technical Guidelnes
for the Preparation d Initial Environmental Evauation Report and Environmental Impact
Assessment (Pedoman Teknis Penyusunan PIL dan ANDAL).
1.    Decree of the Minister of Mines and Energy, No. 041P/M/1977 on Prevention and Measures for
Disturbance and Pollution Affected by Mining Activities (Pencegahan dan Penanggulangan
Terhadap Gangguan dan Pencearan Akibat Usaha Pertambangan).
m.    Decree of the Directorate General of General Mining, No. 07/DU11978, on Prevention and
Measures for Disturbance and Pollution Affected by Open Cut Mining (Pencegahan dan
Penanggulangan Terhadap Gangguan dan Pencenwaran Akibat Penambangan Terbuka).
n.    Circuiar, Directorate General of General Mining, No. 14/EDR-DUII 980, on Operating Gtidesines
for Environmental !impadt Management (Pedoman Operasi Untuk Pengelolaan Danipak
Lingkungan).
o.    Ministry of Healh Regulabtions No. 173IMENKESIPERJVIII77, on Water Pduoion Corntrd for
Relevant Utilzation Related to Public Health (Pengendalian Pencemaran Air untuk Penggunaan
yang berhubungan dengan Kesehiab.4 Masyarakat.
.p.    Interrnistrial Decree, Minister of Mine and Energy No. 969JOK M.PE11989 and Minister of
Forestry No. 429/KPTS-11/1 969, on Gwdemnes for Implenentation Management for Mining and
Energy Activities within Forestry Area (Pedroman Pengaturan Pelaksanaan Pertambangan dan
Energi dalam Kawasan Hutan).
q.    Decree oF the Minister of Minsw and Energy No. 01 85W008/MPEI1 988, on Technical Gudines
for Initil Environmental Evaluaiion Report and Environmental Impact Ass _es     Report
Presentation for General Miring, Oil and Gas and Geothermal Resources Sectors (Pedoman
Tebkbuk kegiatan Bidang Peitambangan urnum, Minyak & Gas Burni and Suberdaya Panas
Bums.
r.    Circular Minister d Mines and Energy No. 02EI00Q/M.PE/1988, on Environmental Impact
Assessment Implementation Procedure for General Mining, Oil & Gas and Geothermal Resources
Sectors (Peaksanaan AMDAL Bidang Pertanbangan Unum, Bidang Pertambangan Minyak dan
Gas Bumi serla Sumberdaya Panas Bumi).
B&AAMO.WPAU 20Y1                               BATHE WEST ASAM.AS CA MIE DEVE.OPMENT
SOUTH  MANTAN



PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA                                                             1 -8
1.3    ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT KEY ISSUES
The coal resource development may affect impacts to the environment. The environmental impact key
issues relaled to the environmental impact based on general activilies of the West Asam-asam coal
reserve development required to be surveyed and assessed are as follows:
(1)    LAND ACQUISMON
Land acquisition may affect changes of land title and resource use of existing forestry, agriculture or other
land use for conservation and may create conflict of interest with development of other sectoral activities,
such as possible transmigration nucleus estate program, village communications, village related economic
activities attached to the required land.
(2)    LAND CLEARING AND TOPSOIL REMOVAL
Land dearing and topsoil removal will continuously conducted throughout the project life and may affect
impacts as follows:
-     Loss or displacement of rarelendangeredVprotected species of wikilife.
-     Loss Of tropical rainforest and biodiversity.
-     Potential for erosion and increase suspended sediment levels in fresh-water
-     Changes in resources use.
-     Dust and Smoke of burning remnants.
-     Social conflict with village community on econonic crop.
-     Thin Topsoil cover may create difficulties for revegetating the area for post mining land uses.
(3)    COAL MINING
Coal mine extraction continuous operation and its related activities including construction, overburden-
removal, handling, transportation, and stock piling may affect changes as follows:
-      Mining pit may create puddles and this wil affect c'anges of the teirestrial into aquatic ecosystem
and its related inpact.
-      Entry of dissolved substances (i.e. heavy metals) and acidity associated with run-off, tailings pond
water, dust, storage, product handling, etc.
-      FueVchemical spils.
-      Change of stream flow, drainage pattern and water balance.
-      Surface disturbance from mining activity, access roads, dnlling and site preparation.
B&WMOI WAR.W   ZnEB;                           BA-THE WEST ASAM-ASAM COAL MINE DEVELOPMENT
SOUTH KAUUNTAN



PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA                                                             1  9
Erosion may affect increase sedimentation in the river.
Mine waste water may decrease water quality of the river (physical, chemical etc.).
Decreasing of spring waler/surface water discharge affected by vegetation felling In the catchmenl
area.
Changes of ground water aquifer and flow.
Dust from haulroad traffic, drilling, excavating, stock-piling and site clearing, construction.
-     Noise and emissions from diesel equipments.
(4)    POST MINING ACTIVITIES
C.lemical affec. of ash disposal in mining puddles to waler bodies
Thin layer of topsoil will continuously affect the area productivity
Employmenl release
-     Change of socio-economic activity
(5)    SOCIO-ECONOMIC AND CULTURAL
Despite the social conflict and socio-economical impact affected by changes of land use into mining
activity, the continuous mining operation and post mining activity changes may affect impacts as
follows:
Wilh influx of migr2tion of construction land mining labor, may create social shock, conflict.
Change of standard of living and income.
:Change of life style
Disturbance of cultural or historical remains fincluding graveyard, important places, etc.).
1.A   THE OBJECTIVES AND USE OF STUDY
(1)    THE OBJECTIVES AND AIMS
The objectives of the study is to assess and evaluate the significant environmental impact condition of the
West Asam-asam Coal Mine development to the environment in order to maximize the positive impacl and
minimize the negative impacts in enhancing the benefit of the sustainable development concepl and
preservation for environmental resiliency in coal resource developmenL The aims of study are as
follows:
EUW4.0JP.RQ. 2WYE MS                           BA-1HE WEST ASMSAM COAL MINE DEVEOPMENT
SOUTH KAUMANTAN



PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA                                                          1 -10
To Identify mining planned activities which may r ave the potential to affec significant negative
Impads to the environment as well as to identify the positive impacts of the development.
To identify and evaluate the initial environmental setting of the ecosystem in proposed
development, especially those potentially affected by the planned adivily, covering biogeophysical
and socio-economic and cultural components.
Evalualion and prediction of impact which may occur systematically in terms of their magnilude
and importance.
Evaluation and recommendation of proposed alternative plan and effort for mitigative measures
to minimize significant negalive impacts and proposed alternative effort to enhance the positve
impacts to be used for decision making in delermining environmental management and monitoring
activty plan (EMaPIEMoP, RKLURPL).
(2)    THE USE OF STUDY
The use of the Envi;onmental Impact Assessment (EIPIANDA4 Study documents are as follows:
As legal framework for the govemment development supevisory function (sectoral and provincial
and the proponent in coordinating effort for enviroimental moniloring and miigative measures
throughout the project life.
- As systemat'^mt written reference document for the decision makers (government and proponent)
for choosing altematives, planning of resources utilization and environmental management of
Asam-asam Coal Mine activities.
An authoritative guidelines for the proponeni in planning and executing the mining activity
developnent and operation.
A systemalic written reference of baseline informafion on environmental setting of the proposed
area development.
BAWA.WPRUt. M2EOW                             BA-THE WEST ASAMUAJW  COAL UUNE DEVELOPMENT
SOUTH KAUMANTAN



PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA                                                           1* 11
15    SCOPE OF WORK
(1)    SCOPING
Since the environment has no boundary, which may turn to the excessive and unnecessary assessmenl
of environmental effecis, the scoping process has to tbp conducted In order to lnmit the Impact assessment
to the boundary and depth which may sufficiently represent the impads caused by the planned activity
and potential to hlave signiicant adverse changes to the environment.
The scoping process will be conducted through idenffication d environmental impact potential area
focussing in the mining area activity and haul road. Based on this analysis the boundary of study can be
determined.
(2)    SCOPE BOUNDARY
The environmental impact assessment boundary of the PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA's West Asam-asam
Coal Mine Development is determined through, several considerations (criteria boundary) covering
project/activity, ecological, administrative and lechnicalviability. The boundaries is ilustrated in Figure 1.4.
Project/Activity Boundary:
a.    Project Boundary
The activity/prqect boundary includes the mining area, 5 km southwestem most part of DU-322
contract area and proposed 5 kms haul road from mine site to PLTU Banjarmasin. The area
located between 3D55'6 - 3°55'12 SL and 11503'7 - 11505'33 WL. The boundary covers areas
as follows:
-    Mining and Service Area, approximately    750 Ha
-    Haul-road, (W. 200 m, L. 5 kms), approximately  100 Ha
b.    Ecological Boundary
The ecological boundary indudes terrestrial ecosw,stem area (vegetation) and aquatic ecosystem
(rivers, streams, wetlands) which may be affected.by the activity. The ecological boundary will
cover the following area, surrounding the activity area:
BAW.oWP.RO. WESWu                              EAITHE WEST ASAM-ASAM COAL MINE DEVELOPMENT
SOUrH KAUMANTAN



1o5 OT                               wS  T :5 DT
Figure 1.4                                                           ---
EIA STUDY BOUNDARY
*   gv~~~        KABUMPATU BAM'A/
1-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~j rAKFT rZ-.-' ASA/LAM
ORIENTATION  PP                                            -----
/   .;  ~~~-345'LS 
W~~~~~ I 
KAU   A/ 5    I                                                 P  Eg  CA. vATAA ,e   SUCBOIDR
)~~ ~~~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~ ... .S ........                       O
I-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~-
s / < \'- * FK ---4A T A N   _   w
t t / ZA~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~L TO-_K <hL 
XECAMATAN    OIL   I                                                  A .
uA 45ATN  K!AMANII \A                              .%...
NOTES~~~~~~~~~~~~~N
JAV~AL  TO    -  - FKOE  !   -   uNTa!!O.CRY



PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA                                                            1 13
Forest, grassland, bushes ecosystem
Agriculture land ecosystem
Watershed ecosystem and wetlands which covers the Asam-asam and Nalyah river
catchment area.
c.    Administrative Boundary
The administrative bouridary is based upon tIhe administrative government territory which includes
all villages which covers the coal mine development area. The boundary Is important to delineate
the socio-economic impacts and envifonmental impacts management. In this case the
administrative boundary covers the area of Kecamalan Jorong and Kintap, Kabupaten Tanah Laut,
Kalimantan Selatan Province. The area covers 3 v;.ages, Asam-asam village, Muara Asam-asam
and Pandansarl.
d.    Technical Boundary
The technical boundary is the combination of all the aforementioned boundary with consideration
of the linit for excessive studies and technological viable environmental mitigative and
management effort. This boundary delineated during the course of study.
(3)    PLANNED ACTIVITIES TO BE STUDIED
Identification of Planned activity which mostlikely have potential impacts to the environment. These will
indudes the fdlowing stages:
a.    Preparation stage
-    Land Acquisilion Activities
-    Permit from government agencies both local and Central Government eq. Forestry,
Mines. Environment, Provincial and Regency Level
b.    Construction Stage
-    Land Clearing, Grubbing, Burning of debris
-    Mobilization of Equipment
-    Recruitment of Labor and Construction Labor activity
-    Road Construction
-    Facility Construction
Ao1.WMAIPA. Z07E ON                            EI THE WEST ASAM ASAU COAL NNE DEVELOPMENT
SOUTH KAUIMANTAN



PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA                                                            1- 14
C.    Mining continued operalion and coal haulage
-     Deforestation, Land Clearing and grubbing
*    Recruitment of Labor
*    Topsoil salvage, Overburden removal
*    Coal extraction, Backflill, Reclamation, Drainage control, Coal Piling and handling
-    Heavy Equipment, Personnel Transportation and Coal Transportation to Mine Moulh Power
Plant
-    Water supply for coal mining activly
-    Labor activity
d.    Post Mining activiies
-    Revegetation and recovery
Viability of aqua-farming of mine puddles
(4)    ENVIRONMENTAL COMPONENTS TO BE STUDIED
Identification of Environmental components and ecosystem which mostlikely to be affected by the planned
activity,
a.    Physical-Chemical Components
Climatology and Air Quality
*    Climate, temperature and humidity (min., max., and average), rainfall number of
rainy days and windrose.
a    Air quality at mining vicinity area
Physiography and Ecology
*    Topography, geomorphology, geology and seismic condilion
*    Physical and chemical properties of soil
a    Landscape and nature characteristics
Hydrology
*    Physical characteristic of river watershed, induding water quantity discharge (during
rainy season and dry season), maximun and minimum precipitation, flood level
*    Run-off condition
*    Erosion and sedimentation
*   Water resource utilization for domestic use around the prject sie
BAtWA.RYdPO.L 207E-8S                          EIA-THE WEST ASAMASAM COAL MINE DEVELOPMENT
S0UlH KALIMTAN



PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA                                                           1*15
Waler Quality
(Physical, Chemical and Biological charaderistics)
*    Surface water (streams, creeks, river, ponds, wellands
*    Ground water condhion
Land-use
*    Inventory of existing land-uses
*    Land-use and regional planning guidelines by local government
*    Conflict wih other land-uses
b.    Biological Component
-    Flora
*    Inventory of the type vegetation ecosystem, diversity and dominancy
*    Proteclive or endangered plant species wih ecological or aesthetical values
*    Potential of commercial plant species
-    Fauna
*    Inventory wildlife species and diversity (amphibia, reptilia, aves and mammals,
especially that have econormical, ecological and aesthetical values)
*    Protective, endangered and endemic species inventory
*    Inventory of types and population of animals
-    Aquatic Biota
*    Inventory of population, diversity of plankton and benthos species
*    Inventory of fish species and dominancy, especially those which have commercial
value for local peoples
c.    Socio Economic and Socio Cultural
-    Socio Economic
*    Dnemography structure, induding popultion growth and densiy (distribution, age and
sex siructure, education)
*    Local subsistence socio-economic condition, employment and labor force
*    Pattem of land ownership, land value and utilizatiorVmanagement of common,
subsistence socio-economic resources
BAWAAIt.wPROL MMSM                             BA-THE WEST ASAM-MSA COAL MiNE DEVELOPMENT
SOUTH KALJMANTAN



PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA                                                            1 16
Socia culural
*    Local culture, life-style and tradilion
*    Kinship, communily groupings, social life. formaVinformal leadership
*    Attitude and perception of the local people to words the coal mine plan
*    Archeology induding holy places and grave yard
*    Social problem or conflict, and other aspects related to security
Heakih
*    Natality and Mortality
*    Diseases paltern, sanitation condition-and heakth facilities
(5)    ANALYSIS
Analysis will include the followings:
a.    Prediction and description of impacts o' planned activities to the environment including
identification of flow of impacts.
b.    Evaluation of Environmental Significant Impads.
c.    Evaluation of Environmental Impact Measures and Management Plan, including recommendation
of planned activity improvement.
(6)    REPORTING
a. Preparation of ANDAL (Analisis Dampak Lingkungan) or Environmental Impact Analysis (EIA)
Report which includes Environmental Management and Moniloring Plan (EMaplEMoP), Rencana
Pengelolaan dan Pemantauan Lingkungan .(RKLURPL)
b.     Presentation and coordination with ANDAL Commission Department of Mines and energy and
subsequent required approval.
BAWAOI.WPAPRW. 207EBS                          EIAATHE WEST ASAUMASAM COAL MNE OEVELOPMENT
SOUTH KMLIMANTAN



PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA                                                                 1 -17
1.6    METHODOLOGY
(1)    SAMPLING LOCATION
Based on tho preliminary data provided by client the sampling location including air, water, hydrological
componenis are illustrated in Fgsure 1.5.
(2)    METHOD FOR PRIMARY DATA COLLECTION
Primary data collection is conducted through field survey. Data cdllected related to environmental
parameters predicted to have adverse changes affected by activities, including air quality and nose, waler
quality and hydrology, flora and fauna, socio-economic and socio-cultural resources.
a.     Air Quality and Noise Level
Air qualiy (gaseous, parliculate) measured with reference to APHA Standard (1977). Parameters
to be measured covers NO., SO2, H2S, CO, Pb, Hydrocarbon (C1Hy). dust and noise.
Table 1.1 Parameter and Methods for Air Quality Measurment and Analysis
No.      Parametems          Ut                    Mehod and Equpment
1.   CO                    11IgM3l     Gas sampler, Speclrophotneiric
2.   HzS                   igAnm3     Gas sampler, Spectropholometric
3.   NO,                    pghn3      Gas sampler, Spectropholametric
4.   sO                    pghn        Gas sampler, Spectropholometic
S    H,C, (Hydrocarbon)    Pm          Dust sampler, Specrophtomrreter
6.   Pb                    Pgm        Gas sampler, Gas Chromalopraph
7.   Dust                  "pg         Dust sampler, Gavimetiy
8.   Noise                 dB (A}      Digia Srd Lewemeter
Sample location is determined based on:
1.   Impact potential area and assumed one (1) fresh reference point
2.    Meteorological data for wind direction and its tail wind, pattern references.
3.    Physical and topographical condirion, to oversee the material characteristics related to
elevation.
4.    Mathematical approach for sampling purposes.
5.    Spatial land-use aspects, to have basis for existing and anticipate future land-use
development requirements in the area.
BAWMAOM.WPAI. x07E MM6                            ESA- THE WEST ASAM-ASM COAL MINE DEVLOPMENT
SOUTH KAUMANTAN



Figure 1.5                                                                       A18
SAMPLING MAP FOR
WATER AND AIR QUALITY
A Ds. Salaman
KECAMATAN KINTAP-
. Jlob: \ ,.^<..- ... _ s s jz S. Hautan
.%    ,!.sDs.Pananangan2
Ds. Dampithulu                                      *_i..- 
-                                                                    %
, . > %}@L /_1 /, ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~..................... ,
--* '                                                              1i X*  ^    {g!, .' -  *  I- -
KECAMATAN JORONG                                                           A A-
3.bc  ;.
Ds. Batafang   .,
*                                                         A                Ds. Mua
/ ' x\' > /Ds.Asamasam 5 (~~~~ sungairakin
-._.              v.
Ds. Jor ng                       TRANSMIGRASI I             *                   *
/ X.;.~0%(Jorong Asarnasam)  
TRANSMIGRASI  s.     :JJS.MuaraAsam-asam
TRANSMIGRAI1  3                              --...
Ds. Sewaran an . 
1>    1~ Ds. Saipampan       /                          N1\s
I  0                                ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~Notes:
I    F  '  >  WATER QUAULY
-~     MzIR QLUALTY
0  1       3          6 Km                 JAVA SEA



PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA                                                                      1 * 19
Nine (9) sample locations Is chosen based on the above aiteria (Figure 1.S)
-     8 location in the activity area and Ns surrouncing with 1 (one) sample taken as control
(fresh) point to the north of projecl area, (Sample No. 6).
-     1 location (sample No. 9) is taken in Muara Satul, coal stockpile and coal shipment
terminal, as an analogy for proposed project stockpile and coal handling activiy.
-     To oversee the development of air quality setting, 3 phree) sample location (Sample Point
no. 2, 4 and 8) is taken in similar localion with ANDAL PLTU Banjarmasin sample
locations, conducted by PLN previously.
Air quality sampling is conducted by surface system method, since the proposed activity
characteristics of air disturbance is a limited centralized surface activity.
Table 1.2   Characteristics of Sampling Localions.
No.  Location                           Remarks
1.   Planred PLTU Stockpile Sile       Villages settlement near Sawmil
2.   Kapuk Forest Area                 Planned area fbr mbe long hal road to PLTU
3.   Buang-buang Forest Area           Proirvciai Highway. influence of exisig regional Iransportation
4.   Kintap Forest                     Westem side ol proect area
5.   Mid Area of Mine Site             Center o' ..lng aciMty (Wood fores)
6.   Gardu Forest (Wood foresQ         Up-north side of project area
7.   Settlement. Side road to Satui by Jorong  Southem side of proct area
8.   Transmigralion Settlement         Planred setilement development
9.   Coal Slacikpile at Muara Satul    Stockpile and coal handling activity (as an anabgy)
Further, the result of eir quality analysis will be compared to the standard regulation on air quality,
Decree of the State Minister for Population and Environment, No. KEP-02JMEN.KLH/1/ 988, on
Guidelines for Environmental Quality Standard Determination in order to determined the existing
air qualily condition.
b.     Hydrology
-     Surface water discharge
Using the 'Velocity Area Method', Sungai Asam-asam, Sungai Naiyah and Sungai Kintap,
discharge volume can be measured based upon iRs flow area.
BAWMAI.wP.RO. 2MM BNS                               El THE WEST ASAMASM COAL MINE DEVELOPMENT
SOUTH KAIJMANTAN



PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA                                                                  1 - 20
a = A.V
Where,
0    =    Vc'"me (m3lsec)
A.  =    Area (m)
V    =    River velociy (rn/sec), measured using Floating Method
Map interpretation, calculation, and forec='ing for delineating of the river basin area for
measuring waler discharge and suspension, rainfall data is used lo estimate, minimum and
maximum waler discharge and total run-off. Water availabilly and its utilization inforrnalion
is Talun through interview and other secondary data
Sediment Analysis
Using 'Depth Integrated Sampler' (type USDH 48 and 59) is analyzed to determine
sedimentation level. The water sample, then, is filtered to obtain sediment partides. The
sediment is weighed using analytical scale. The water sample will be taken from Sungai
Asam-asam, Sungai Naiyah. Both samples, sediment and water, will be taken from the
same locations.
Table 1.3 Parameters and Method for Hydrological Analysis
No.               Parameters                     Method and Equipment
1.    Discharge (river, streams)       Velocity Area Method, Curenimeter
2.    Run-off                           Map irterpretalon, cacadion and korecasting
of rainfall
3.    Sedhmentaion                       eplh Integrated Sampler Method
4.    Water availability and utilization  Interview and seconday data
5.    Erosion lvel                      LIiversal Soil Loss Equation and Water
Balnce
C.     Ersoion
Erosion calcultaed estimate is conducted wihin certain limit utilizing Universal Soil Loss Equation
(Wischmeier and Smith, improved by William, 1 9B7) as follows:
A = R x K x Ls x C x P
SAIwNAo.PaR aEs                                   BtA THE WEST AM-ASM COAL MINE DEVELOPMENT
SOUrH KALMMITAN



PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA                                                            1 - 21
Where:
A     =    Soil Loss (Ionne/Ha/year)
R    =    Erodibility index of rainwater
K    =   Erodibility index of sdl
Ls   =    Length and Slope of lerrain
C    =   Vegelation ground cover managemeni
P    =   Soil conservation index
Water Ballance to estimate surface water flow is calcula0ed using evapotranspiration interpretation
(rhornthwaite, 1962).
(EVPT)i = C.l
Where:
EVPT=    Evapotranspiration
i    =    C x T, illumination index
C    =    Flow coefficient
t    =   Average temperature
d.    Water Quality
Parameters to be measured for water quality condition analysis includes physical, chemical, and
biological parameters. Samples are taken systematically in 9 (nine) locations from upstream to
downstream of the proposed mine site, while at the same time field measurernent is conduded
for temperature, DO, conductivity and transparency.
Location of sampling and measurement of water, plankton and benthos is shown in Figure 1.5,
as follows:
-    Naiyah River, 2 locations (Station 1 and 2)
-    Lahung River, 2 locations (Station 3 and 4)
-    Asam-asam River, 4 locations (Station 5, 6, 7 and 8) at the up-stream and down-stream
of mine site location.
-    Sample (Station 9) is taken in Satui an active mine, at mine pit settling pond to have an
analogy for water quality of settling pond for the proposed mine.
-    Well water samples are taken from village settlement at Asam-asam road crossing (3
samples).
ERWAW WPx  2aR E MM OBA. THE WEST ASAI-ASM COAL MINE DEVLOPMENT
SOUTH KALJMANTAN



PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA                                                                  1 - 22
At every river station, riverwaler and mud samples are grabbed in three points 5 cm from, the two
side of the river banks and In the middle of the stream, except for at the estuary Is taken one
sample only. Each sample are taken respectively 2 lilire, 1 litre and 1 liktre for non-metal, metal
and pesticides laboratory test. For metal and pesticides analysis samples are respectively
preserved with nitrate acid and suffide add 2 ml for each samples. As for plankton analysis, 30
litire of water is taken prior to be filtered by plankton net no. 25, then concentrated into 25 ml and
preserved with 8 drops of formalin 4 %. Microscopic test Is conducted In the laboralory to eslimate
diversity and population (Ward and Whipple, 1965). Benihos are taken using Eijckman Grab.
Muds is filtered through sieve whh water flowing Waler samples for coli-form and coli-faecal is
taken 200 ml wilh sterile Erlenmayer preserved in ice-box. Microscopic test will be conducted for
both plankton and benthic to determine diversity and population.
Method for waler quality analysis will be based on the following reference standards:
-     American Public Health Association (APHA), 1980
-     ,SNI - Bidang Pekerjaan Umum mengenai Kualilas Air dan Biologi, 1991.
Parameter, equipment and method for measurements is listed in Table 1.4. Status of water quality
ambient of each station are determined by using STORET and US-EPA scoring method (Canter.
1977). The method for determining the status slandard ambient for water is presented in Table
1.5. A: Excellent, score = 4), B: Good, score -1 to -10, C : Average, score -11 to -30 D : Poor,
score > -31
Table 1.4   Parameter for Physical, Chemical and Biological Characteristics, Instrument and
Method.
No.   Parameter                  ULit               Mellods/Instruments
Phisycal:
1.   Temperature  .               ec               Thermometer
2.   TDS (Total Dissolved Solid)  mglL  ,.         Gravimetry
3.   TSS (Total Suspended Solid)  mrglL            Greinmery
4.   Conductivity                 wnhos/cm         Potentioneiry
5.   Color                        Unit P/Co        Spectophotomeby
6.   Transparency                 On               Secchidlsc
7.   Turbidity                    mg SiOZil        TtfbidiSymeler
Chemical:
1.   pH                                            Potentiometry
2.   Disolved Oxygen (DO)         mgtl             Potenrioetry
3.   NO,N                         mgtl             Spectohotomery
4.   NO,-N                        mgxi             Spectophotorneiry
5.   PO,                          mg/I             SpecLophotometry
a    N-total                      ma)              rqeldakl
kMwMo.WP.Ra, 207EX WE                            EBA THE WEST ASAM-SM COAL MINE DEVELOPMENT
SOUTH KAUMANTAN



PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA                                                                              1 -23
No.   Parameter                        Unil                Methodalnitrumentel
7.    P-lotal                         mgI                 iqeldaho
8.    Hardness                        mg1i                Acldlalaellmtiy
9.    a                               mg/I                 Argenmebty
10.    HS,                              mg/I               Acidialcallmelry
11.    SO.                             mg/I                Tubidmeqy
12.    COD                             mga)                ltrlmetry
13.    ROD                             mga                 Winkler
14.    Hg                              ma)                 AAS/Fbarneles
15.   Al                               mgI                 MS
16.    As                              mg/I                Spectropotomebry
17.    Ba                              mgI                 AAS
18.    Fe                              ng/I                MS
19.    F                               mg/i                Spectrophotomelry
20.    Cd                              mg/I                MS
21.    CrC6                            mg/I                MS
22.    Mn                              mg/I                MS
23.    Na                              mg/I                MS
24.   CO                               mg/i                MS
25.    Ag                              magi                AAS
26.    Se                              mg/I                S     tomatry
27.    Zn                              mng/I               AAS
28.    CN'                             mgtI                Spectrophotometry
29.    Cu                              mgli                MS
30.    Pb                              mg/i                MS
31.    Boron                           mg/i                Spectrophokomety
32.    Oil + Fat                       mgI                 Gravymetry
33.    Detergent                                           Spectophoometry
34.    Phenol                          mgr                 Spectophotmebty
35.    Aldine                         mg/I                Chromatography
36.    Dieldrine                       mg/i                Chromalography
37.    Chlordane                       mg/                 Chromatography
38.    DDT                             mg/I                Chromatograpthy
39.    Undane                          mg/I                Chromatography
40.    BHC                             mg/I                Chromatography
41.    Endrine                         mgI                 Chromtalography
42.    PCP                             mgOI                Chromatography
43.    PCB                             mg/I                Chromalography
44.    Toxaphene                       mg/I                Chromatography
45.    SAR                                                 Calkulated
46.    RSC                                                 Calculated
47.    Ni                              mgI                 AAS
48.    NH3-N                           mg/I                Spectophotometty
Biology:
1     E. Coli Ractei                  MPN/ 100 ml         Multple Tube Method
2.    Colifoim Bacteri                 MPN/100 ml         Multiple Tube method
3.    ID Plankbn                                          Simpson
4.    ID Benthos                                          Shannon - Wiener
B&WAA1 PACIL 2w8 5                                       BA- THE WF- ASAMM COAL MINE DEVELOPMENT
sounI KAUMANTAN



PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA                                                               1 -24
Table 1.5 Status of Water Quality Criteria Ambient
Paramelers
Value
Physical       Chemical     Bactefiological
Maximum                    -1             -2              .3
Minimum                   -1              -2              -3
Average                    -3            -6               -9
Source     Canter (1977)
The negative score is rated if the maximum, minimum, or average grade is higher than the
standard ambient. In the score = 0. i means that the grade is equal or less than the standard
ambient. Scoring system is defined differently foh each parameter. For the chemical parameter the
score is 2 times, and bacteriology is 3 times of physical parameter score.
The above score is obtained by comparing the maximum and minimum samples analysis result
to standard ambient and criteria for water quality.
The following criteria for standard ambient:
*     3Odum's Criteria (1975) for Plankton
*     Lee's Criteria (1 978) for Benthic
*    .Appendix 1, 11, III of Decree of the State Minister for Population and Environment No. Kep.
02/MEN.KHI/1 989 and Regulation PP. No.2011990, on Water Pollution Control for overall
analysis of parameters.
The value for biological water quality analysis can be determined by index diversity. Index diversity
Simpson is used for plankton, while Index diversity Shannon & Wiener is used for benthos (Lee
at al. 1978)plankton.
-     Index Diversity Simpson
I-1-D
D-E ( ni z2
N
Where:
I     =    Index Diversity Simpson
ni   =    Number of individual from each species
N    =    Total number of individual species
BAWAA1. WPA0. 207E eS                           EA- THE WEST ASAM-ASM COAL MINE DEVELOPMENT
SOUTH KAIJUANTAN



PT. ARUMIA!N INDONESIA                                                               1- 25
Index Diversifty Shannon & Wiener (1949)
H'  =    Index Diversity Shannon & Wiener
ni   =    Number of individual for each species
N    =    Total number of Individual species
The resull of index diversity calculation can be utilized to predict the water qualiy. Lee (1978) has
dassified the degree of pollution based on Shannon & Wiener Index, using a relationship between
micro-invertebrate with physical and chemical factor of water properties. Table 1.6 describes Ihe
crkeria for pollution category based upon diversity index for benihos. If the diversiky index is less
than 1.0 then it is a heavy pollution : between 1.0 - 1.5, it is a mediumn pollution; between 1.6 -
2.0, it is a low pollution ; and if it is larger than 2.0 it is un-polluted water.
Table 1.6 Classification on Degree of Pollution
Category     Shannon & Wiener      DO             BOD             NHIHN
index            mgfl           mg/             Mgl#
Un-polluted            a 2             3.6.5           < 3             ( 0.5
Low Polluton         1.6 - 2.0        4.5 - 6.5       3 - 4.9        0.5 - 0.9
Medium Pollution     1.0 -1.5        20 - 4.5         5-15           1.0 - 3.0
Heavy Pollulion                          2            >15                 3
Source:    Lee. e al (1978)
Despite Index Diversity, the Similarity Coefficient by Barry - Curtis (1975), can also be utilized for
comparing communities from two different stations. If two communities have similarities, then the
similarity coefficient is 100 %.
Similarity Coefficient
s_ 2 (w) xlOO%
a+b
EIBWAO1.WP.Ra 21VE.131                           El THE WEST ASAM-ASM COAL NINE DEVELOPMENT
SOUTH KAULMWJTAN



PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA                                                             1 *26
Where
S     .    Similarity Coeffiient
a    .    Total significant grade in community A
b    .    Total significant grade species
W     .    Total significant grade of species In both community A and B, with [he least or
similar total significant grade
NP-C. F
Where
C    =    Average number individual of a species In all sanples
F    a    The frequency of 4 species in sample taken from the community
d.    Flora & Fauna
Flora
Survey was addressed to identify structural and composition of plant in the proposed coal
mining and surrounding area. Combination of belt method and line plol - is used and
quadrate 20 x 20 rn2 is used for 'tree' class, (10 x 1I0 mr for 'poWe', (5 x 5) mr for 'beita'
and (2 x 2) rmZ for 'seedling', is used to coliet data for tree species sampling and (1 x 1)
m2 for ground cover and bushes. For garda;s plant, the garden area is used as sampling
plot. The data collected wil be analyzed using formulae as follows:
*    SDR Value (Summed Dominant Ratio)
5DR- Fr+Dr
2
*    Important Value (V)
IV = Dr + DR + Fr
Number of IndMvidu
Density =            Plot Area
Density of One Species
Dr =                                  x10
Density of All Spedes     x 100%
EAW AO1.WPAUL 207E BBS                         Ea- THE WEST ASAMAM COAL MINE DEVELOPMENT
SOUTH KAIJMANTAN



PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA                                                           1 *27
Area Plot
Dominancy             S                    x 100%
Species Areak
Dominancy of One Species
DR =                                    100%
Dominancy of Al Species    x
Number of Plot One Species Found
Frequency =       Numbers of All Species
Frequency of One Species
Fr =       Frequen.y A1 Species      x 100%
Where:
SOR =      Dominant value of a species
Fr   =     Frequency relative
Dr   =     Density relalive
DR   =     Dominancy relative
i    Diversity Index (Shannon & Wiener, 1949), see formulae is Water Qualily Biological
Components, PP
•   Similarity Index (Sorenson. 1966), see formulae is Water Quality Biological
Components, PP:
*    Interview
The purpose of Ihe interview is to acquire public opinion on the use of plants such
as for fuelwood, aesthetic, building materials, and which have high economical
values.
Fauna
In comparison to the flora locations for investigation, the localions for fauna field
observation are similar with a slight if dilferent approach in observing aves. The purpose
of this observation is to make an inventory list for habitat types, includng species of
mammalia, aves, reptilia and amphibia.
EWA.WMO.WP.R Z22WE08S                         ElA. THE WEST ASAM-ASAM COAL MINE DEVELOPMENT
SOUTH KAJMANTAN



PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA                                                          1 - 28
Direct observation can only be conducted during the day time. The species can be listed
either they are directly discovered or through foot prints, sound, faeces.
Point Inrdex of Abundance is used for estimating the number of population of aves.
Interview is also conducted to back-up data from field observation.
The other purpose of the interview is to get public opinion on wildlife which have high
economical values (hunted, trade).
Data is analysed in order lo found out the existing. Species and their home range
especially for wild Ife and to compare wildlFe species in each areas, the analysis will
include:
*    Diversity index and similarly index
The calculation for both parameters is similar to the calculation performed in flora.
*   Abundance Index
D-i- nvx10(j%
N
Where:
Di   =     Abundance Index i
Ni   =     Number of individual i
V'   =     Total number of all individuals of all species
*   Aquiabilily Index
e-  H
logs
Where:
e    =     Equitabiliy Index
Hi   =     Diversity Index (Shannon)
S    =     Number of Species
BkWAA.wP.RFL. 2WES                            LiA. THE WEST ASAM-AAM COAL MINE DEVELOPMENT
SOUTH KAUMANTAN



PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA                                                                1 *29
Table 1.7   Parameters and Method for Flora and Fauna Analysis
No.                Paramelers                        Method and Equipment
1.    Flora
* Grass land                       Transect Une method, Poinl.centered quarter
* Bushes                           method & Urn Intercept method
* Secondary bfrest                 InteMew and secondary data
* Mix hrrrnhg & garden              Rollmeter, Compass. Binoclar
2.    Fauna
- Widldle                          Direct census & terview
* Domestc arnmal                   Secondary data
Compass, Biouar, Insect net
Aquatic Biota
Planklon and benthos investigation is already included in paragraph Water Qualky
methodology, since k is related closely to the pollution condition of the river water.
Necton (fish, etc) data is collected through intervew and direct observation in fisherman
village and other potential location. Secondary data collection is also compiled from
relevant local government agency (Dinas Perikanan Kabupaten Tanah Laut).
e.    Socio-Economical and Culture
Intensive investigation is conducted in the area of project location especially Asam-asam and
Muara Asam-asam village which is consedered to be directly influenced by the proct activity
disturbance. General invesligation for regional economic is anticipaPa-d to be limited into
Kecamatan/Regency Level based on experienced it Muara Asam Satui Coal Mining Terminal an
a since the area is relitively wides
Two ways method of purposive sampling interview has been conducted to both village peoples
and the second method is sistematically observed and interview of formal authority and at
Kecamatan and Village level with some additional secondary datas.
This approach is taken based on the condition of the area as blows:
-     The local villagers relatively less adaptable for formal interviews and questionaired
-     Socio-economic characteristics of the area relalivelly uniforrn/similar.
-     Although the investigation is using 'case study' aproach, however interviews is condusted
as much as possible respondent with grouping interviews.
BAWAO1PAWL WlE Os                                EIA- THE WEST ASAMASAM COAL LINE DEVELOPMENT
So' rlH KALUMMTAN



PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA                                                            1 - 30
Samples are taken are 20 former family in Asam-asam village and 15 family in Muara Asam-asam
village.
Demography and Socio-Economic Structure
*    Identificalion of demographical structure: population density, growth manpower
resource quality (education), and workforce
*    Socio-economic structure including subsistence economic pattern, and subsistence
economic resources, main occupation.
*    Land resources ownership, distribution, and ownership of local subsistence
economic resources/assets, dynamic of local economy especially exploitation of
common resources and property.
*    Traditional employment opportunity, cooperative pattem, division of labour based on
gender.
Socio-Cultural
*    Identification of local tradition religion and customs.
*    Kinship, social relations between groups and village community.
*  Leadership pattern-formalfinformal and organized community based development.
e    Preception and adaptation of local community toward proposed mining and other
new activities outside their subsys.i,ce socio-economic activities.
a    Other aspect related to behaviour reiated community health and its development
condition.
- Potential social conflict (Kamlibmas) relevant to the introduction of new activities.
(3)    SECONDARY DATA COLLECTION
Secondary data (Table 1.8) will be collected from the fdlowing sources:
a.    Govemment and relevant agency who may be involved in the coal mining operation in the
Regency Tanah Laut and Kalimantan Selatan Province. The government institutions include:
-    Bappeda Propinsi DT I - Kalimantan Selatan
-    Biro Lingkungan Hidup - Kalimantan Selatan
-    Bappeda Tingkat 11 Tanah Laut
-    Kanwil Kehutanan - Propinsi Kalimantan Selatan
-    Kanwil Departemen Pertambangan dan Energi - Kalimantan Selatan
-    Dinas Kesehatan - Kabupaten DT 11 Tanah Laut
SWA4i.WP.R.0Z 20WE SW                          IA- THE WEST ASAMASAM COAL IMNE DEVELOPMENT
.1".                    SOUrH KAUMANTAN



PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA                                                                     1 * 31
-     Kantor BPN - Kabupaten FT II Tanah Laut
*     Kantor Stalislik Kabupaten DT II Tanah Laut
*     Dinas Pekerjaan Umum Pengairan Kabupaten DT II Tanah Laut
-     Dinas Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Kabupaten OT II Tanah Laut
-     Dinas Perikanan Kabupaten DT II Tanah Laut
*     Kanlor Statistik Kabupaten Tanah Laut
-     Kecamatan Jorong
-     Desa Asam-asam dan Desa Muara Asam-asam
Table 1.8   paramelers and Methods for Social-Economical and Culture Component Analysis
No.                    Parameters                          Methods and Equipment
1.   Demography                                    Pdrmary data (interview)
- Struclure (househole person)                Seconduy dala
- Populalion dersity, distribution
- Sex rato, education, health etc.
- Growth and mobility
2.   Socio-economic condi0ion
- Income, occupation
P Public healh
S Social facilies and infractricture
3.   Socio-cultural condilions
- Interacbon & confict
- Values, perception, lfestyk, adaptation
- Attilude to Environmern
- Hislorical mmains
4.   Commuication
- Trarsport and Communication means
- Traffic
5.   InslHtutional Aspect
- Commurnt Informal institubn
- Govemment inslitution
b.     Studies and research on similar proect activity withi the vicinity of proposed coal mining
locations. There are several studies have been done in the area:
-     Initial Environmental Information Report (PIL), Coal Exploration Projection, Block VI, Asam-
asam Coal Basin, Regency of Kotabaru and Tanah Laut, Soulh Kaimantan, PT. AURTMIN
INDONESIA. 1988.
-     Environmental Impact Assessment Report, Kintap, Satui and Karuh Coal Mine Project
Block VI, Regency of Kotabaru and Tanah Laut, South Kalimantan Final Report, PT.
ARUTMIN INDONESIA.
SAWWROt.Al 2DE -                                    EIA- THE WEST ASAM4L5AM COAL MINE DEVELOPMENT
SOUTH KALIMANTAN



PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA                                                                           1 *32
Environmental Management and Monitoring Plan Report Satui and Karuh Coal Mine
Project Block VI, Regency of Kotabaru and Tanah Laut, South Kailmantan Final Report,
PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA.
Environmental Impact Assessment Report Banjarmaasin Mine Mouth Power Plant South
Kalimantan, Proyek Induk Sarana Fisik dan Penuniang PLN, Final Report, 1993.
Environmental Management and Monitoring Plan Report, Banjarmasin Mine Mouth Power
Plant, South Kalimantan, Proyek Induk Sarana Fisik dan Penunjang -PLN, Final Reporl,
1993.
Environmental Management and Monitoring Plan Transportation Route of Banjarmasin,
Mine Mouth Power Plant Project, Proyek Induk Sarana Fisik dan Penunjang - PLN. 1993.
Table 1.9   Types and Sources of Secondary Data
No.     Erwionmenlal              Type of Data                        Source of
Component
I.   C2imale             Clirnate, lemperamure, humidily.  - Badan MaotoroMgi dan Geofisika
rainfall, solar radialion windrose  (BMG), Slasiun Meteorologi
Jorong,Tarah Laut, Kalimaran
Selatan.
2.   Physiography and    - Topography dan Geomorphology  - Direkioral Geooogi Tate Ungkungan
Geology             (inctuing maps)                 (DGTL) - Bandurg
3.   Land-use           - Land-use, soal dracestics      - Bappeda Tk. II dan Kantor BPN Kab.
Tanah taut
- Depeaiemn Kaihutonan
4.   Hydrology          - Physical Characteristics of river,  - Direkia GTL, Pusilbang Air, Dep.
calchment area, ground water.    PU. Kanwii Pertbian Prop. Kalmardan
water usage.                     Selatan dan sWc Pro-FS Tarnbarng
Batubara Asam-samn by Anrtm
5   Biology            - Neklon (isheries)              - Dinas Petihknan Kabupatmn DT. 11
Tanah tauuL
6    Social Econorics    - Economic rowth, inlrastnicture,  - Bappeda Kab. Tk. II Tanah Laut,
and Soo cultural    labor orce and employmert        Kantor Statislik. Monografi Kecamatan
- Demography population density,  Jorong and Buku Potensi Desa.
distribution, population growlh, age,
sex structure.
- Social struure, educational.
Kamtibnas, and religion.
- Socia - cltural facility and
archeoogy, Health facilities.
Diseases panem.
ERAMdIPACP.RI 2wE8s                                    BA, THE WEST ASAMASAM COAL MINE DEVELOPMENT
SOUTH KAWMANTAN



PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA                                                           1 *33
c.    Other relaled bibliographies on coal mining environmental Impact report and research.
(see List of Bibliography)
(4)    METHODS FOR IMPACT IDENTIFICATION
Environmental Impact idenlification will be conducted wikh the following methods:
-     Matrix, to idenlify interaction between prolect acliviltes and environmental cornponents, and to
Idenlify the potential impact within each Interaction, put Into modlfied Leopold matrix.
-     Flowchart Is utilized to identify the process and mechanism of environmental changes and
impacts.
(5)    METHOD IMPACTS PREDICTION
Prediction of environmental impact will be conducted using mathematical model, analogic and intuition
(expert judgement). Mathematical model especially will be used for prediction of Pollutant spread in air and
water bodies. Analogic and/or judgement approach is especially used to predict impact on flora & fauna,
socio-economic and socio-cultural.
(6)    METHODS FOR IMPACT EVALUATION
Significant impact evalualion regulated on the Decree of the State Ministry for Population Environment,
No. KEP. 49(MENKLH/611987 concerning the Guidelines for Important Impact Identificaton and the new
PP. No. 51, 1993. The following method will be used further to determine importanUsignificant impacts:
Comparison with the vald threshold limit value of environmental crileria as stipulated by SK State
Ministry for Population and EnvironmenVKLH Decree No. Kep-D2JMENKLHI1111988 on
Environmental Quality Standard and by other relevant regulations from other ministry and other
countries.
Evaluation on the basis of expert judgement.
(7)    ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN (RKL) AND ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING (RPL)
a.    Environmental Management Plan (RKL)
The purpose of preparing the RKL document for PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA is to established a
guidelines for environmental management, to mitigate and minimize negative significant impacts.
BEWMoA.WfP.t 2017E.8s                         EUA THE WEST ASAMASA COAL MINE DEVEOPMENT
SOUTH KA4JMANTAN



PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA                                                           1* 34
In preparing the Environmental Management Plan (RKL) every mitigative measures proposed shall
fulfill 3 criterias to ensure satisfactory implementation, these approach indudes the following
aspects:
*    Technological Approach
The purpose of [his approach is to search for technology which can be efficiency and
effeclively lo minimize negative impact and that can be operated.
*    Economical Approach
The purpose of this approach is to review and select a methodology and environmental
management central measure from [he economic point of view.
*    Institutional Approach
In [his approach, il is necessary to define an instXutional and coordination network so thal
the management and monitoring on the environment can be implemented effectively.
The Scope of Environmental Management Plan (RKL) indudes:
a    Environmental Management
Description of environmental management based upon the analysis and impacts.
*    Management Implementation
Description of related institutions responsible for the implementation of ernvironmental
management mitigative measures, induding source of budget and relevant sectoral
program.
*    Monitoring and Management
Description of instilution and organizational planned development responsible for
monitoring the environmental management and mitigative measures program.
EISAWO.wP.R.C! 207E UB                        BA- THE WEST ASAMAS  COAL MINE DEVLOPMENT
SOUTH KAIJMANTAN



PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA                                                           1 - 35
b.    Environmental Montoring Plan
Tha scope o1 the Environmental Monitoring Plan indudes the following aspects:
Stalemenl of impacis which is necessary to be monitored
Stalement environmental aspects in Ihe monitoring programme
Stalement en;, cnmental impad standard
Stalement the loalion and period of monitoring
Formulation of the impiementation program and identify responsible institution for
monitoring programme
Evaluation of the institutions responsible .-r monitoring the programme and proposed
development
-' r,
e0VM.WPAU.  amE BB                            EL4 THE WEST ASW M COAL MINE DEVELOPMENT
SOUTH KAMANTAN



CHAPTER 2
PROJECT RATIONALE
THE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF
THE WEST ASAM-ASAM COAL MINING PROJECT
IN BLOCK 6, SOUTH KAUMANTAN - INDONESIA
PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA



PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA                                                               2- 1
CHAPTER 2
PROJECT RATIONALE
2.1    THE PROPONENT
Project Proponent             :   PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA
An Indonesia Umked Liability Company
Mining contractor for PT. (Persero) Tambang Batubara Bukit
Asam
Address                       :   -    Head Office:
Mid Plaza Building 11-17
JI. Jendral Sudirman Kav. 10-11
Jakarta 10220 - Indonesia
Representalive Office:
JI Arjuna No. 5 Banjarmasin
South Kalimantan - Indonesia
Project Manager               :   Paul H. Schipke
General Manager
2.2    THE CONSULTANT
The consultant responsible for the Environmental Impact Assessment (ANDAL Studies). The
Environmental Management and Monitoring Plan (RKL and RPL):
Consultant                    :   PT. BITA BINA SEMESTA
An Indonesia Limited Liability Company
Address                            JI. Cimandiri 26
Bandung 40115- Indonesia
Tel. 022-436290, 4202045, Fax. 022-702749
E8AWA4W.WP .R 207E fBS                           EIATHE WEST ASAM-ASA COAL MINE DEVELOPMENT
sotuT KAUMANTAN



PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA                                                            2 2
Seliabudi Office Building I, Suite Cl -2-3
JI. HR. Rasuna Said Kay. 62
Jakarta 12920 - Indonesia
Tel. 021-5202358 (Hunt.), Fax. 021-5202359
Project Director                 Ir. India B. SyamwlI, MSc. BEM
Director Operation Planning and Environmental
Environmental Impact Assessment Study Team Member:
Project Director                 II. Indra B. Syamwil, MSc. BEM
Team Leader                      Dr. Erri Noviar Megantara
Coal Mine Expert             :   Dr. Ir. Rudi Sayoga Gautama, MSc.
Geology/Hydrology                Ir. Djoko Susanto
Air Quality Sp.                  Ir. Chunaeni Latief, M. Eng. Sc
Water Quality Sp.1           :   Drs. Hamonangan Siregar, MSc.
Water Quality Sp.2           :   Drs. Cecep M. Roem
Terrestrial Ecologist I          Yedi Arilin, BSc.
Terrestrial Ecologist 2          Drs. Ano Sumamo
Socio-economist & Culture 1  :   Drs. Hisyam Achmad, MA
Socio-economist & Culture 2      Drs. Muchsin B. Mahendra
Land Use aspect                  Ir. Agusl Siswanto
Environmental Engineer           Ir. Trigeany Linggoalmodio
23    THE OBJECTIVES AND BENEFIT OF THE PROJECT
(1)    THE OBJECTIVES
The govemment of Indonesia, following the global oil crisis in 1979 had launched the national policy to
reduce the domestic use of oil as source of energy and enforce the non-oil export in the future. The policy
had put coal reserve as one of the immediate atemative energy resource, so that an effort to develop the
reserve and to explore new reserve had been enhanced since then.
&WAA4WWPROL 20E-B                              BA-THE WEST ASAM-ASAM COAL MINE DEVELOPMENT
SOUTH KAIJMANTAN



PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA                                                            2 - 3
The policy had been formulated into several programs as follows:
Change of source of energy for power generating plant from oil based souice of energy Into coal
fired powerplant or combined cycle.
Change of source of energy for cement plant from oil based energy into coal based energy.
Increase the coal mine production throughout Ihe country and exploration activity to find new
reserve area.
Enhancement of private (domesticdforeign) participalion in coal mining development throughout
the country.
Increase coal export in conjunction to the policy to increase non-oil export.
With these policy and programs it is expeded that oil sector can be kept as one of the strategic source
for foreign exchange earnings, and the non-oil export has to be prepared to enter the global compelilive
markets, while coal can be used for source of energy for domestic industrial developnent and overall
socio-economic development.
(2)    THE BENEFIT OF THE PROJECT
The West Asam-asam Coal Mine Project is under contractual obligation to supply coal to the World Bank
funded Mine Mouth Coal Fired Power Plant (PLTU banjarmasin, 660 MW) nearby to strengthen electric
power generation capacity in the area. The Power Plant will be developed on stages and interconnected
with PLTA (Hydroelectric Power Plant) Riam Kanan in South Kalimantan, wnich will further be developed
in one electric power interconnected transmission system through-out Kalimantan.
Both the coal supplier and the Mine Mouth Power Plant will bexnefit the Government and the Local
Government in terms of industrial development and socio-economic development as follows:
1.    Coal Production
2 Million tonnelyear West Asam-asam lignite product of PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA wil be
supplied to PLN's PLTU-Banjarmasin. The arrangement will benefit both the government as the
main owner through PTBA, the contractor (PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA) and PLN, in
implementating the plan to develop the PLTU.
SlAW2.WPRA2e l  BIS                            ElIMiE WEST ASAM-M COAL MINE DEVELOPMENT
SOUTH KAUMANTAN



PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA                                                           2 4
2.    Employmenl Opportunity
The coal mining development and operation will open-up directly job opportunity for field operators
and workers recruited by ihe company as well as contiactors and other service contractors, hired
by the company.
Indirectly. witli the Increasing activity of contractors, there would be increasing demand for other
service by the company and workers which may beneflt the growth of home industries, traders
and other supply from surrounding communiy.
3.    Technological Transfer
With the condition of the limitation of supply of skilled and semi-skilled technical wu-ers it is
therefore required by the company to have on the job and other training program. The training
program will generally sponsored by the company with sufficiently convenient faciiity at the work
place.
Further training program for the permanent staff and workers are usually arranged by the
company:
Funher program abroad for talented staff
Training program through the compary headquarters in Jakarta
Training for open pil mnining operalors in cooperation wih PT. fP rsero) Tarnbang Batubara
Bukit Asam in Tanjung Enim.
4.    Other Benefit
The existence of coat mining developnient would benefit the area indirectly:
Opening-up isolated area such asAsam-asamvilage, MuaraAsam-asam and Pandansari.
Induced migration from other part of the region andlor Indonesian which would benefit the
population distribution.
Induced the assistance to the local govemment in rural development management.
Increasethe population welare by induced economicgrowth, education and healththrough
cooperatve interaction.
aSfti"MWPAOL. WE on                           GATHE WEST AS-ASAM COAL MNE DVELOPMENT
SOUTH KAUMANTAN



PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA                                                           2 - 5
5.    Developmenl Alternative
After considering the reserve condikions (distributlon, slopes), the landscape condition and
technologicalVeconomical aspect of coal productiolvdelivery, the alternative scheme for coal
reserve mining, process and transporlation are as follows:
a.   The West Asam-asam coal reserve will be developed by open-pit mining and truck and
shovels method.
b.   Coal washing and crushing will be processed at the stirck-pie area at PLTU site.
c.   Coal will be transported to PLTU by truck, through hati road.
6.    Adjacent Project Activties
Several other project development are planned to be developed and already in operation
surrounding the area. The activilies may have relation in some other way to the West Asam-asam
coal mine project and may require the determination of their relationship to the project under
study. These activilies can be identified as follows:
a.   Several transmigration settlement area related to Hutan Tanaman Indusiri (HTI) Forestry
Nucleus Estate (Transmigration PIR-HTI), under Transmigration Proect WPP VI in
Sebambam.
b. (4 x 65 MW + 4 x 100 MW) is planned to be devebped on stages. ocated 5 km to the
South of the mine sKe. The firs stag development, Unit I, 65 MW, is planned to be
operating in 1997. And the whole unit is planned to start operating in 2000. The area
required for the development is 110 Ha.
c.   HPH - PT. Hutan Kintap, base on SK, HPH No. 55QOKps/Umn1f1997, the concession area
is around 125.000 Ha.
d.   Within this area has been operating.since 1987, Woodworking and sawmill industry, a
consorlium of PT. INHUTANI and Korean Development Company Lrd. (KODECO)
managed by PT. Hutan Kintap, the annual produclon capacity is 68.000 cu.m.a wih
activity area is around 5 Ha.
e.   Still whhin PT. Hutan Kintap is planned to be developed 3000 Ha area for HTI (IHtutan
Tanaman IndustrfllndustrialForest Estate) excented by PT. Hutan Kintap and PT. Indoraya
Everlatex, Species will be cultivated is Eucalyptus sp.
f.   There are several other sawmill industry operated by local people surrounding the HPH
area.
AWAM4Pn.RM 2WEM                               EIA1HE WEST ASAM-ASM COAL MINE DEVELOPMENT
SOUTH KALUMANTAN



CHAPTER 3
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
THE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF
THE WEST ASAM-ASAM COAL MINING PROJECT
IN BLOCK 6, SOUTH KALIMANTAN - INDONESIA
PT. ARUTMIN INDONESVA



PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA                                                              3 -. 
CHAPTER 3
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
3.1    PROJECT DEVELOPMENT PLAN
(1)    MINING DEVELOPMENT PLAN
The West Asam-asam Coal Mine development plan is rG'ated to the development of PLN's Mine Mouth
Power Plant (PLTU Banjarmasin) south to the mine site. The coal mining development plan will includes
activity stages as follows:
a.    Mining Preparation
The mining preparation activities indude exploration, feasibility study and mine planning.
Exploration in the Asam-asam coal basin has been conducted during 1988 - 1989, when the
boundai of the reserved area was determined, and folowed by feasibility study for mining
development and marketability for mine mouth power plant.
Mining plan will be prepared based on delailed survey considering the technical, economical
aspect of efficient and commercially viable operation.
b.    Construction
Construction activities will includes construction df mine sevices, maintenance and coal handling
facilities, underpass and long haul road to the Mine Mouth Power Plant (± 5 kms).
c.    Mine Slarl-up
Mine Start-up acdivities will indude mobilizations, and other mine operation preparation to ensure
the coal production will be conducted in effident manner. These activities will include
determination of initial delivery and stock piling which will occur in conjunction with Mine Mouth
Power Plant Slart-up operation.
IAWAAW03.W.R02, 2O7EM                           EA-THE WEST ASAMAS  COAL MNE DEVELOPMNT
SOUTH KAUMANTAN



PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA                                                            3- 2
d.    Mine Operation
Mining continued activities will includes activiies to efficiently and economically producion, and
delivefy of coal aiming at 2 Million tonnelyear coal to be delivered In accordance to the contract
agreement belween PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA and PLN.
d,    Post Mining Activities
Post mining activities will include reclamation, revegetation, sales cease, demobilizalion of
personnel and equipment. Reclamation and revegetation will contemparanously conducted in
accordance to the back filling mining concept.
Development schedule based on the development items is illustrated in Figure 3.1. The figure shows that
the West Asam-asam mine-life time based on the minable volume of reserve and production capacity of
2 MTPY will last for 25 years.
Table 3.1 illustrates the base sales anticipated to occur for the life of Ihe West Asam Asam Mine. All sales
are anticipated to be directly allocated as mine mouth supply to the proposed power plant.
Table ai
WEST ASAM ASAM MINE
PRODUCTION SCHEDULE
PERIOD (VR)                         SALES TONNES (millions)
0(pre-sales)                               0.0
1                                      0.5
2                                       1.0
3                                      2.0
4                                       2.0
5-25                                     2.0
Total                                   46.5
(2)    LOCATION AND ACCESS
The West Asam-asam deposit is located in the southeastern part of Kalimantan Selatan province, within
the administrative boundary of Kecamatan Jorong, Kabupaten Tanah Laut. The deposit stretches 5 Km
southwestem most of the Asam-asam deposit with approximate width 1,5 Km and total area of ± 750 Ha.
The location within 3°55'6' - 3055t12 SL and 115°37' - 1150533' WL, near Asam-asam Village and
Asam-asam river and strike 10 kilometers inland, parallel to the coast line (Figure 3.).
EBWA&MUR.R.M. 20nEss                           EUA-THE WEST ASAM   COAL MINE DEVEfOPMENT
SOUTH KALJMANTAN



PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA
Figure 3.1 : WEST ASAM-ASAM COAL MINING DEVELOPMENT ACTIVITY SCHEDULE
ACTIVIlY
DETAILED SURVEY
FEASIIULTY STUDY
APPROVAL PROCESS
MINE PLANNING
OFFICE CONSTRUCTION
MINE FACIUTY CONSTRUClION
LONG HAULROAD CONSTRUCTION     *
LAND ACQUISITION
LAND CLEARING
OV\ERUROEN STRIPPING
COAL PRODUCTION
RECLAMATION
*1  O                       5                         GO                                                  20 D2a
YEAR
Ca
BUAFG 31 FW1 A 02 .07O e$ 98                                                                                                                                    - A V%&



Figure 3.2
LOCATION MAP OF WEST ASAM ASAM
COAL MINING PROJECT                                              :       i                        A :
#Km  KEBUPATENbUAR ,,  g                                4 \,B; KARTf-a
MU  "           -34'L          -, -,'         e ./-r|{g     
ORIENTATIO MAP ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ROO 
v~~~~~M                                         *
leA.M  '   t' ";'\ K__,:t  ''',> X-~~~~~~~~~~E M&t4UEN9r
- 4'.S ,1 D                                         'i  UrdA'
STUDYAREA                                                                                     TAJAVASA4
-J                    r&



PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA
The land status Is owned by government under the HPH (Forestry Development Tight) concession of PT.
Hutan Kintap a consortium forestry Industry of PT. INHUTAN-I 11 and Korean Development Company Ltd.
(KODECO).
The provincial road, passed by wilhin 2 Km to the south of the deposit location, and 130 Km away or
within 3 hours drive from Banjarmasin, the South Kalimantan provincial capital.
(3)    PRODUCTION ROAD ALIGNMENT
The coal will be transported to the Mine Mouth Power Plant (PLTU Banjarmasin) through 5 kms long haul
road crossing by underpass through the provincial road to the south of the rmine ske. The land for road
alignment is also owned by the government under concession of PT. Kiulan Kinlap.
The road will be privately construcled by PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA due to some constraints in utilizing
the existing forestry logging road.
32    RESOURCE DESCRIPTION
(1)    REGIONAL GEOLOGY AND STRATIGRAPHY
Block. 6, located on the eastern flank of the Meratus Mountain, lies at the junction of two Tertiary basins,
the Asam Asam basins to the south and the Kutai basin to the north. These barin originated from block
*aulting during tht Paleocene and these faults were probably active during most of the Teftiary.
Deposition within the basin began in the Late Eocene with a major marine transgression. This is part of
a major transgressive - regressive cycle that affected sedimentary basins throughout Southeast Asia
during the Tertiary. Marine transgression reached its peak in early Middle Miocene, followed by regression.
It is during this regressive phase that the W,rukin Formation was deposted. Uplift of the Meratus Mountain
duting the Late Miocene resufted in deposilion of the Dahor Formation which is mainly a fluvial and alluvial
fan deposit (Fgure 3.24).
The Asam Asam deposit occurs within the Warukin Formation of middle to late Miocene age (T6-T7 Unit),
characterized by sandstones, mudstone, silkstone, intercalated with many lignite seams. The lignite seam,
up to 36 metres thick are generally brownish black, dult to subdult lustre and moderately strong with tight
planar dosed cleats. Sandstone are fine to medium grained, well sorted, commonly very thick and
unconsolidated and commonly fining upward. Mudstone are soft, commonly sandy or silty and frequently
intedaminated with carbonaceous and thin lignitic bands (Figure 3.:.
EAWAAWSPRO. WEBB                               EUATHE WEST ASAMASAM COAL MINE DEVELOPMENT
SOUTH KUMANTAN



F                                                 L:~~~~~~~~~~~~ 
F~~~~~~     
:~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~G VA  <feQ\'' 
- 45-§r  4
S.J~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~gr 3. 2n a;
,~~~~~~~~~ '                                                               XW~ 
GEOLOGICAL MAP~~~~~~~~~~C
Ł5135  *~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~~~~~OFAA-AA  EOSTZN



3.7
Age   rTh         ck   ForLon Lil0_ology          De3crlp  Iorn
PL IOC-E1iI
c- Cloysion, sliono, sandsaons,
* .100   cOAIO                        ongonroloe numerous Ihin coal beds.
up to
U      2000   WARUKItl t          _--  Cloyslone,mudslone, thick (40.n' I
O                                 _         lignile, mInor llmmslone al bose.
wT     2Yo          D        i     f        Limeslong, morl, cloyslone greonl3h
U                                           3  snd slono, rare glouconlT e
O ~~~~~~~~~- _ .-.
_____.-              *. 
W      2(-  __  _  Uppeston, marl                         cloy s lone gIhln
__  =_ _  llmesiono.;
z~~~~
Wi    up Ilo    TA NJUI4G    _          _Thin coal.
O                               __ _    Lower unil , bosol conglomcrole,
W  _    _    _sandastone, Ihick coal I 7m t ,locol
g7r?-e:-'bosoll mnirU3ion3.
. -
PIZE-          PR7E-TERAnT   ;' , 4     Seeperilintto ond mnelsodedmenis.
Figure 3.3
REGIONAL STRATIGRAPHIC COLUMN



PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA                                                              3 8
(2)    RESOURCE CONDITION
The Asam Asam deposit Is one of the two major lignite deposils In Block 6, the deposit stretches from near
Asam Asam village to Jumbang over a strike length of 47 kilometers (Figure 3.2A).
Lignitic occurrences were fist reported in old Ducth literatures. PT. Arutmin Indonesia conducted
reconnaissance survey over the area since 1982 followed by semi detailed mapping 1984 and delailed
mapping (1988-1990). Balween November 1990 to 1991, a driling program was carried out at Ihe
southwesternmost 5 km of the deposil, known as West Asam Asam. 136 holes totalling 5,279 metres were
drilled.
No. of hdes meters
Powerng               eo              1,989 m       open hole
Mayhew 1000          33              2813 m        open hole
23              477  m        conng
Total     136              5.279 metres
Drill cores of individual seams were laken to check for lateral qualiy variation within the deposi. The
seams were also analyzed in separate section to check for vertical variation within each seam.
The lignite seams in Asam Asam occur toward the upper part of the Warukin Formation. In West Asam
Asam, seven (7) distinct seams which splits intensively along strike have been recognized wihin the coal
bearing interval measuring about 695 metres thick. Stratigraphically, this interval can be divided into 3
Subunits (Figure 3.4), namely Upper Ugnite Subunit, Middle Sandstone Subunit and the Lower Lignke
Subunit.
The Upper Lignite Subuni is 190 metres and has 3 seams, namely A, B and C. Seam B is the thickest
in the area and has a true thickness of 36 metres. Seam C is 2B.00 metres. Both split and thin along
strike. The Middle Sandstone subunit is dominated by sandstone and contain 9 thin insignificant lignite
seams. The Lower Lignite Subunit, measuring up to 255 metres contained up to  1 lignite plies, tentatively
grouped into 3 seams, E, F and G. These seams varies in thickness from 1.40 m to 19.01 metres. Locally,
at West Asam Asam, the seams strike at 70 degrees and dip 30 degrees to the southeast. No faulting
have been detected yet in the area.
EKWAAOWP RQ 2D1E uE BA-THE WEST ASAM-ASM COAL MINE DEVELOPMENT
SOUTH KAIUMANTAN



FIGURE 3.4
SCHEMATIC SEAM CORRELATION
WEST ASAM-ASAM                                                        3 9
SEAM A -
UPPER  _  _  _  -   _   _  _  _  _  _,_U
a.U -1
B UPPEFR ~    C- 
SEAM C     
LOWER            _                        \    s LOWER
LIGNITE SUB UNIT                                         X     e.-
SEAM D
SANDSTONE                     D           <
SUB UNIT          l-                               -
EU .1
0                    ~~~~~~~~~      ~~~~E UPPER  .2
SEAM E         /4
F.U-1
F UPPER        F.u-2
LOWER            ,SEAM F  
LIGNITE SUB UNIT                                      F\-
G.U -1
G UPPER  0g    G.U - 2
SEAM G        _
\ G LOVER        G-



PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA                                                                   3. 10
In hand specimens, the lignite is brownish with dull to subdult luster, concoidal fractures, containing
moderale amount of finely disseminated resinous nodules. Pyrite are very rare. In cores, bedding
separation between lignite and non-lignile are commonly gradational. Analytical results of bore-core
samples of all the seams indicated the lignite to be very low in ash and very low In sulphur. Comparison
of individual seam shows no signincant lateral varialion of quality along strike.
Analysis of bore-core samples indicated very low sulphur and very low ash content average qualty as
follows:
Total Moisture                      34.9 %
Inherent Molsture                   21.5 %
Ash                                 3o %
Volatile Matter                     39.7 %
Fixed Carbon                        355 %
Total Sulphur                       0.3 %
Specific Energy (A.R)               17.56 MJ/Kg
Calorific Value (A.Fr             4,190  Kcal/Kg
The average composite seam ash content of all seams and pies is 3.1 % to 3.7 %. A higher ash is
analyzed at the top and bottom of each ply, due to the gradational boundary. Sulphur content is also very
low, wikh an average seam content of 0.34 %, ranging from 0.061o 1.40%. Relatively high sulphur of up
to 2.8% were analyzed in 7 samples. They are localized, occurring either at the top or bottom part of the
seams. When combined with the rest of seam, the composite sulphur content were all less than 0.5%.
Trace elemerts in the coal seam are illustrated by Figure 3.5.
Ash composition on a dry basis of the West Asam-asam resource product is as follows:
Type                          Avg. (%)                       Range (%)
Silicon as SiO2               37.69                          19,50- 60.00
Alumunnum as A1203            17,10                           3,00 - 51,50
Iron as Fe2O3                 29.28                          4,75 - 52,50
Calcium as CaO                 6,39                           0,79 -18.80
Magnesium as MgO               3.28                           0.64- 1,70
Tdaninas0TiO2                  0.54                           0.15- 1,38
Sodium as Na2O                 0.21                           0,08 - 0,66
PotassiumasK20                 0,38                           0,15- 0,78
PhosphorusasP205               0.18                           0.05- 0,80
Manganese as Mn3O4             0.65                           0,13- 1.09
Sulphur as S03                 4.65                           0.03 -10,20
Barum as BaO                   0,35                          0,14 - 0,61
Average (air dded basis) ash is 3,3 %.
Source       Asam-asam Resource Report Block VI, PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA
Laboratory: PT. Geosenice, Bardung. 1989- 1991.
BA,WA.W.PRG 2OWE Bes                               EIA-THE WEST ASAM-ASAM COAL MINE DEVELOPMENT
SOUTH KAIJMANTAN



3 11
Figure 3.5
PRESENTATABLE TRACE ELEMENT ANALYSIS OV ASAM-ASAM LIGNITE COAL
Trace leliici,it                                     SAMPLE
(ug clemiicnt/g ias aunlysed coal)
8216C     8216C      8216C      8216C     8216C       8216C
BUI      BU2/314     BLI        BL2       CU2      CU+CL1I/2
by Hydrida Genefnfiom/AAS
Aslrtinioiy                            1.0      1.          1.0       1.0 I.19             .1H
Arsenic                                1.1       1.0        1.0       1.0       2.0         I1.5
Selenium                            <(0.1      c0.1       <0.1       c0.1      <0.1         l.1
by Cool Vnpour Flanelemss-AAS
Mercury                              0.13      0.06        0.29      0.18      0.08       (.(1(
tj GraphileFumace-AAS
Cadnmium                             0.02      0.01        0.07      0.01      0.04       l.04
Silvcr                               0.31      0.20        0.23      0.34      0.43       0.411
Molybdenum                           5.111     3.10        3.87      9.98      11.7        15.5
by ICP-AES
Beryllium                            0.17      0.05        0.16      0.33      0.25       0.27
Lead                                 1.07      0.49        0.80      1.02      1.25        1.86
Nickcl                                1.74     0.27        0.27      6.39      4.94        6.36
Zinc                                 3.74      2.12        3.61      8.08      13.9        10.6
Chromium                             0.55      0.13        0.68      0.92      2.37       0.8 I
Manganese                            59.6      48.3        82.2      127        110        225
Copper                               3.45       1.51       1.34      1.69      2A3        3.25
Vanadium                             0.82      0.14        1.17      3.50      3.46       1AI)
Strontium                            39.0      42A         25.1      25.1      38.0       42.1)
Boron                                  95        85         70        80       < 10       < 10
Cball                                5.75      3.08        4.34      11A       14.2       3.86
Barium                                  -         -           -         -      56.5       1I1
Lithium                                      -                -         -      0.54       0.39
by low Selective Electorde
Fluorine                               65        45         55        60          -          -
Sources      Asamt-sani Reimurce Report, Block VI, PT. Arutmin Imidonesia, 1990
Laboralory: PT. Geoserviccs. Ban'Jung 1984 - 1991



PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA                                                             3. 12
(3)    RESERVES
Minable reserve calculations are based upon computer modeling and current avalable topography survey.
Preliminary reserve calculation eslimated 50 million tonnes of lignite at 4:1 strip ratio, considered
acceptable since less than 5 BCMs/lonne.
Reserve
(onrmes)
Upper Ugnite Unh           37,000,000
Lower Ugnile Urt           13.000.000
Total           50,000,000
West Asam-asam reserve calculation estimates show a total of 50 million tonnes to 4: 1 cut-off strip ratio,
an amount sufficient to supply the proposed Power Plant for 25 years
(4)    DEPOSIT AREA OTHER POTENTIAL
The topography over the deposit is gently rdling with maximum elevation of abot 75 meters above mean
sea level. Elevation reduces fairly rapidly into low lying marsh and nipa swaffp within 2-3 Km from the
coast line. Numerous small seasonal creeks cross the area, all flowing to joint the Asam Asam river.
The area is covered by forest, already selectively logged with remnants of thin uneconomic trees left.
About 30 percent of the area toward the provincial road are grassland. Soil ferility in the area is ralher
poor with thin top soil, weathering depth varies from 4 to 10 metres. And there is no indication for any
other mineable mineral resources in the area.
The project localion is within the administrative boundary of Kabupaten Tanah Laut. There are several
group of community villages along the provincial road and Asa,n-asam river around the boundary of DU
322, the biggest group is the Asam-asam village.
Part of the area is used as production forest concession and no conservation or protected forest are
identified. One spot of transmigration settlement within dose proximity of (2-3) Km from site location are
identified in the map.
Considering the condition of the deposit area, forestry is the main potential for the area to be developed
later on besides other plantation estates and farmings.
BAWAmAThPAC. uEUs                               EITHE WEST ASAMAM COAL MINE DEVELOPMENT
SOUTH KAUMANTAN



If
PT. ARuLrMIN INDONESIA                                                            3 * 13
3.3    MINING OPERATION PLAN
(1)    GENERAL MINING PLAN METHOD
The West Asam lignite coal reserve is deposited In homogeneous plys dipping at an average of 300 from
horizontal with long strike. Coal thickness varies across the strike of [le deposi, resuhling In varying
depths of cover and corresponding strip ratios (BCMltonne). Anticipated weak highwall condllions have
led to an expeted 1:1 final layback. Economics of resource recovery determines Ihe extent lo which coal
mining is undertaken.
With the reserve condition the 'open pit mining' and with Iruck and shovels' mining method would still
economizing conternporanous backfilling mining concept to be used in West Asam-asam coal deposit. This
method would minimize the mining front with minimum mining opening area.
It is further anticipated out of the tolal t 750 Ha proposed mining area, wilh effective mining operation area
for 50 Milion tonne coal reserve approximately 300 Ha. Wih the above mentioned contemporanous back-
filling and reclamation concept it is estimated that the active mine opening for 50 Million tonne to produce
2 MTPY coal is approximately 15 Ha in every year.
For the liFe of the conlract, a strip ratio of 4:1 uncovers the necessary amount of coal to fuel the power
plant for 25 years. Varying depths and thickness of coal seams result in various pits of exdusive depths.
Geological depositional condiions with respect tothe contractual highwall limits alow some pits to become
deeper versus others but yet all adhering to the ultimate highwall cut-off limits.
Relative thin overburden conditions with respect to the thick mineable seams will exhibit mass balance
figures insufficient to approximate original contours. Initial boxcut volumes are forced to be stored out-of-pit
due to the resirictive geometry which prohibits in-pit dumping only until final highwalls are reached.
Immediate initial reclamation is confined only to permanent out-f-pit overburden dumps outslopes. A mine
and restoration plan for the steeply-dipping coal deposil has been designed with these factors in mind.
(2)    GENERAL MINING DEVELOPMENT PLAN
With previously indicated drill information, resource is segregated into a number of contiguous but
exclusive depth bound pits. Total anticipated coal sales determines the depths for each pit relative to
global economics of recovery. To promote a varied and well cross-sectioned mix of all seams, several
*boxcuts' (initial development) will be developed simultaneously. The allows for constant seam access and
grade interdependency or blending, iF required.
EIA.WMAAWPROL 207F BBS                          EA.THE WEST ASAM AS COAL MNE DEVELOPMENT
SOUTH KWJMANTAN



PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA                                                             3 14
As the 'pushbacks' (advancing production benches) contact the contractual highwall llmits, the sides are
advanced in a series of additional 'pushbacks' across the dip (or along Ihe strike). The conlact with
envisioned contractual highwall limits promotes contemporaneous reclamation and reduces the amount
of material potentially rehandled at a later date to comply wHh pManned post mining topography and land
use. The crossdip pushbacks are continued for each pit to meet planned contractual tonnages with
contemporaneous backfill and reclamalion taking place In previously mined-out voids.
(3)   INITIAL DEVELOPMENT
Initial development will be In Panel 3. This area contains a large cross sectional representation of coal at
a low initial Strip Ratio 4SR). Pushbacks will be to the southeast to an Intermediate highwall with pit
advancement along the sirike In a series of production pushbacks to either side of the initial boxcut.
Because of the steep resource deposikion, pit backfill cannot occur until final highwall limits are contacted.
Angle of repose of backfill inhibits any backrill on the footwall updip from the production bench
advancements (pushbacks).
The aforementioned intermediate highwall is located at a bench depth equivalent with depth progress on
the pit extensions. The balance of the deeper pits are siripped in later years and continued until
contraclual limils are reached. This method:
*     Economizes the inilial development of reserves
*     Promotes contemporaneous backfilUreclamation
a     Reduces out-d-pt overburden storage
*    Avoids final highwall (in thickest coal areas) determination to end of term (contract).
*    Avoids severe depths and possible safeguard hazards during initial years.
Three separate boxcuts will be developed simultaneously in Panel 3 of the West Asani Asam coal reserve.
Each will be driven incrementally to specific highwall contacts prior to being advanced along the strike. Foa
the lowermost recoverable seam ('Gm seam) in Panel 3 ('G pit), approximately 2,000,000 bank cubic
meters (BCM's) will be hauled out of pit and stored permanently north of the cropline. Subsequent
backfilled material within Ihe pit will be molded to the out-of-pit material into a reclaimable surface
consistent with the post mining land use. In this pit the -10 level represents the contractual boxcut depth
limi across the 'G" pit's strike.
Similar disposal techniques will take place downdip for the 'P seam CF pit) and 'BC seam' (B pit). Pi
'2B will be developed the -20 level wih is waste being backfilled into Pit '31's' void. PR '38' will
accommodate Pit '2B's material to be consistent with the surrounding topography and molded into Pit
'3B's out-of-pit storage site.
EAWAAMWPAR. 2WlE Bl                             EWATHE WEST ASU-ASM A COAL MINE DEVELOPMENT
SOUTH KAUMANTAN



PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA                                                            3 15
Simultaneous development of Pit "bB and *C' seams cause approximately 3 million BCM's will be stored
out-of-pit. As Pit "3.A's pushback is safety progressed eastward, in pit dumping will take place into Pit
'3A's' void. Pik "3A's boxcut and initial development will be to the -40 level.
The above boxcut development sequence will take 5 years to complete to the prescribed anticipated
deplhs. Continued operations lengthen these levels across the strike from similar levels at deposits ends.
Again, as production faces can safety accommodate in-pik backfill, waste material will be hauled directly
into the mrined out aieas and conlemporaneously maintained. Backfill will lie Into the previously out-of-pit
spoil to tho highwall. Post mining topography with gently decreasing sloping contours will ultimately tie into
sedimentation ponds (final voids) for drainage contrel. Rehabililated land will support the post mining land
use consistent with international standards for 'hin' overburden coal deposits.
A secondary boxcut will take place at Pit l1As western limit. Approximately 2,000,000 BCMs will be
stored permnanently north of seams OB  & 'C' out-crop. Subsequent back rill of the pit will be molded into
the dump face and tied to the highwall as safe continued operalions are maintained. Pushbacks will
progress eastward across the dip to the -20 level with contemporaneous backrilling fdlowing. Model of
continuous backfilling mining concept at one single active mining area is illustrated in Figure 3.6.
In accoidance to the above mentioned mining development plan concept the mining development activity
plan and schedule by pit showing schedule for respectivel the mining, out of pit dumping, in pit dumping
(back-filling) and reclamalion is illustrated in Figure 3.6.A. Based on this schedule mining layout progress
is illustrated in five (5) years stages in Figure 3.6. B, C, D, E, F and G.
Based on mining stages illustrated in figure 3.6 B-G, the continues back-filling mining concept will minimize
active mine opening into approximately an average of totaling 15 Ha/year moving along the strike.
(4)    CONTINUED MINING ACTIVITIES
Continued mining operations (post boxcutting) will progress along the strike (cross-dip) carrying wih it the
various activities of mining:
Deforestation, Clearing & Grubbing
Topsoil Salvage
Overburden Removal
Coal Mining
Backfill
Reclamation
Drainage Control
8AWMaWFR.U. 0E OMs                             BA-1IE WESTASAM    OAL MINE DEVELOPMENT
SOUTh KAUMANTAN



Figure 3.6
TYPICAL MODEL OF ACTIVIE PIT MINING                                                           3-16
(Contemporanous Backfilling and Reclamnation Concept)
* ~~~ADVANCEtME0  \ 
y   l.CLARINGfCRUBBING              II\ 
2. TOP *S0O_I .ING                       \\ 
UNDISTURBED AREA      j /                        /     t/               M      
*  FINAL HISHWALL   _X|                                                S 
|   gUNDISTURBEE
IRECLAATlp                                      vp/  
EI.- ~     ~ 20,,                  ,*
go * it I u I I I ITO
i^ ez K^ * > t t ( 095  <   > r J1 / 1    t Z Il XSTCKPIL
ftexo--\^.N!^;                   /X{lR:..'IlI           
\-  'Sb s i  w- - w: J  If.E4fTL     
.^.:.ws-: ,. ,,'?N_..- o -AZ
-\: .: \ .~~~~t .;.:'5r  seRy;f\;      
t  '  SS  >t  _/,s|\   X'   ||.|   



.3 17
3~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~....  .. .                                                                                ...  .. .. 
I ~ ~ ~ ~    ~     ~     ~    ~    ~ ~ ~~.............                                                .......................
.a       . .  .   .  .        . .   ..                                                                       .           . .       . .        . .        . .       . .       
.1 ~  ~     ~     ..         ..           ..       ..             ..............                                      ......................
..  .    .   .    .   .  .       .   ..                    .           . .  .  .   .  .     .        . .        . .       . .        . .        . .        . .        . .       .  .       .  .       . .
I~~~~~~~~~~~~~~.......    ..  ........   ..  ..  ..
..        .  .   .   .  .   .   .                                                                                              .  .            .   .  .
I ~ ~ ~ ~  ~       ~       ~      ~       ~      ~       ~      ~      ~     ~     ~         ..     .....                    
.a     .....                  ......U                                                                                    ..      .J           .J                                        ..         
I           ........                                  ..           ..         ...........                             .............                                            . ....                ..
...       .....                  .....                                                    ..         ..         .        .............                                         ..           ..         ..        .
..    .   .  .   .   .        .   .  ..                                         .          . .  .   .  .   .  .       .  .   .      . .        . .        .        .  .        . .        . .        . .       .  .
.                                                                                                                                                                                                                        
a                                                                                                                                                                                                                         
I~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~           
.                               
.                                                                                                                            
..        .   .   ....          .   ..                                                 . . .   .   .  .   .                                                        . .        . . .   .  .   .   .  .   .  .       
..          . .  .   .           .  .   .  .   .                                . .        . .      .  .           . . ..                        .   .  .   .   .  .               . .      . .        . .        . .
if ~ ~ ~ ~   ~     ~     ~     ~     ~    ~     ~ ~          ......              ..             ..                            ..         ....                 ..         ..         ..         ..
C3
aLj
LU.
r-J
I   im i                              I                                 I I lin
CO') I ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~                                                             4  



Figure 36B            i        i        i
MINING PIT LAYOUT    ,.                                                     +        +
I at 5 YEARS                  I                                                            ,
*~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ I                               I0,.
IF'+-++    }+                                                 -          ++'
gs   10  ,; MinsseNiceFzilities |ss 0 Setlig Pond (Detenng)
I                                 ,Muining and Pattern 0Verburden Backiling
I      '                , .    e~~~~~~~~~~~-   MN. Mining Diredton
I.~~~~~~~~~ O   F ackIIedA,
I~~~~~~~ R,edaimed Area
::::.Revegetation
m~~~~~~
P  =                                              ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~c- vAcive Pit Within 5Yea'    , 
o  0.2    0.4    0.6   0.8   1KM



Figure  3.6C                      i                       i
MINING PIT LAYOUT                                                          +                           +                     +             +          _
2nd 5 YEARS                                    !       l
' ' T -p_ -S  It
N  ~~~~~~~~~~~tcoe0  Settlig Pond (DewatriNg)
.1-         .i4-           4-            .1-           -            A   StV |) Open Pit
Mine SerNic Fasilies   ;            Mining and Patter 0 Verburden Badcyn
MN.  ring Direc6on
j          -4  BF. Bakdllng
i  li   ii   i: iBa_ dld Area
Redaimed Area
.::..Revegetaton
CZt_ Active Pit Wit   5 Years        c
0    0.2   0.4  0.6   0s   IIQ



Figure 3.6D                   i           .1        ii                        j            i            i      .!ii
MINING PIT LAYOUT                                                                                                    +           +
+~~~
3,d 5 YEARSI.                                    I    **++                                              -
IF~~~~~~~~~~~~~~--1 -l  +                                                                     + 
h             Skih O                                                                Settling Pornd (Dewatening)
- *1 1- *1- Ci-  - Mine Sennce Fasties )  Mining and Pattmr OVerburden Backflng
I.-   MN. Mining Direction
;i                                            j1  .  I  -     BF.Backdring
I l i       i          i j          i           i       _  Backfiled Area
I                               "Redaimed Area
:: : Revegetabon                 .X
C) _   t Afive Pit Within 5 Years
0   Q2   0.4  0.6  QS  ;KM



Figure   3.6E                                                                                                                                 +
MINING PIT LAYOUT                                                        +.           x-   |                      +           |   -
4th 5 YEARS             !         j                         - ,                                                               i
~~~I .am...... .1,\,= 
+~~~~~~~~~~~
--           Ic                                                                              If      CD  Ope  i 
Mine Service FasiodesMining ard Pattem O Verburden Bdi
,  l                           -MinoSeMceFasiOties .  ,!~~~~~~~~(-   MN. wfM   Dieco
*-4  ';IF. Backlgrg
'jBadded Area
ipRedairnedArea
.... Revegetalnofi
*  _ J  Active Pit WitnS Years



Figure 3.6F                    . '
MINING PIT LAYOUT             i                                             + . +.            + .
5t15 YEARS                            *,.       *        +     .  .                  +
h ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~++
' 16. I                '
*'  St,    ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~+ '+
o Setkling Pond (Dewatering)
ervice Fasiies  .f    OOpen Pit
!  ,   .                   Mining and Pattemr OVerburden Backlig
i |*.MN. MiningDirec0nd
;  j-4 BF.Badcling
i       Ii  i   i   i   i  _    BadcdledArea
Redainmed Area
*    Revegeta00n    ca
I) Acive Pit Within 5 Years
--I  I   -L  l 4_
o  & 4 OhI0K IK



FigUre  3.6G *
MINING PIT LAYOUT                                                                    +            +              + ;  ;
SALES CEASE                                 I [          I                           +            +              +
+                    +
0  Settlig Powd Pewatwim)
* *~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~!- 11If. 1o   1-1 {Cqer. Pft
- .                               ,MUining and Pattem 0 Verbtden Badfiing
!-f  MN. MiNng Direcn9
I         --    SF. Ballng
j  i  ji      j            j            Back6kdArea
.. - ~RedaimedAha
Revegetation
">  Aclive Pit Whitn  5 Yem
0    0.2  OA   06    0.6  IKM



PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA                                                           3 24
a.    Land Clearing (Deforestation, Clearing & Grubbing)
Overburden removal (stripping) Is proceeded by deforestation and topsoil removal. Large trees
are cut and removed by government forestry contractors. Bush and small timber is cleared
slashed, and piled by bulldozer al appropriale highwall siles for remedial burning or In-pk disposal.
Area cleared for mining acthe pit Is progressing In accordance to the progress of mining aclive
pit area followed by back filling and reclamation and revegetation. Based on minhg development
plan the area cleared every year Is eslimated approximately in average of 12 Ha. With
contemporaneous back-filling and continuous reclamation and revegetation concept time lag the
area left open every year in average is 15 Ha as rnentioned earlier (See also Figure 3.6, B, C, D,
E. FandG).
b.    Top Soil Salvage
Topsoil is selectively removed and segregated into topsoil stockpiles located sporadically near
continued operations or directly respread on regraded reclaimed areas. Front end
loaders/excavators load topsoil into rear end dump trucks for the haul to either regraded area or
topsoil stockpile locations.
c.    Overburden Removal
Overburden removal is performed on segregated level benches (running across dip) intersecting
the coal at footwall contacts. Overburden will be dozer ripped or blasted, if realy necessary, prior
lo being loaded into rear-end dump trucks by large front end loaders/hydraulic excavator. Truck
either haul in-pit or to out of pit spol dumps as individual situation demands.
The segregated benches stripping is design based on soil condition with benches sloping at 450
or 1: 1, height 10 m, base width 10 m and bench floor 100 m (Figure 3.7), except for floor bench
which will be used for in-pit coal haulage the typical haul road will require 20-25 m floor bench
(Figure 3.7A).
Dumping site is located in economical handling distance and taken into consideration
environmental factors such as run-off erosion contiol, safety benches, topography. The typical
stripping benches is used for oul of pit overburden dumping. With 'backfilling' concept it is required
to have main disposal to remove soil from the initial mining pit.
ESAWAAWPA.R 207EBS                             EA-THE WEST  ASAM  COAL MINE DEVEIOPMENT
SOUTH KALWMANTAN



Figure 3.7
TYPICAL STRIPPING BENCHES
I                                I
'-                    . 44
SOdS 1: 40
Ln



Figure 3.7A
TYPICAL IN-PIT HAUL ROAD BENCHES
!~~~ ,oX
1 {rOm)  t   1   (0W              25
'HAUL ROAD BENCHES         -
scale 1:40



PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA                                                            3 * 27
Wilh tipical stripping ratio of 4: 1 approximately 200 millon BCMs of overburden and interburden
will be removed into either out of pit dumping site or backfilled into in ph spoil dump. Out of 200
million BCMs of lotal overburden and interburden removed, 20 million BCMs removed to out of
pit dumped, the rest is contemporanously backfilled In pit.
With thick coal layers approximately less than 70 million cubic meters of mining pit will be left vold
by the end of mine life.
d.    Coal Mining and stockpiling
Dipping coal, contacted in parallelograms, are ripped and pushed by bulldozers If necessary to
front end loaders/excavator for subsequent loading of coal hauling trucks. Trucks travel up foolwall
ramps to eithei ROM (Run of Mine) stockpiles or dir xt to crushing facilties at the PLTU plant site.
Intermilant partings are selectively ripped and removed in a similar manner via front-end
loaders/hydraulic excavator and removed by rear-end dump trucks. Parting waste is dumped at
spoil dumps at in or oul of ph overburden stockpile sites.
e.    Coal Haulage
In most cases, minesite haulage roads will be field constructed using insitu materials inherent to
specific locations. Ramps will be generally no greater than 10 %. Due lo the short lif3 duration,
in-pit haulroads will not be constructed to the same degree with respect to transportation corridor
roadways such as CBR testing and detailed roadbase make-up. Figure 3.8 is typical transportation
corridor design that ilustrates basic engineering concepts warranted for establishing a long-term
safe and lasting roadway for itrs application.
Coal haulage from active pits to the crusher at the power plant will be by haulage truck with 150
tonne capacily, via a haulage road. 5 Kms haulage roads wil be constructed with width of 200 m
(road and its shoulder), and total haulage corridor area of 100 Ha. Approximately 60.000 cu.m of
borrow material will be required for pit run road construction including rocks, spit and sand. The
material will be acquire from the borrow material deposit nearby. The suggested routes from pit
lo hopper are highlighted on Figure 3.84, privatizes with PT. Arutmin's exclusive use from mining
concession area to the plant site.
Underpass and bridges will be constructed to avoid highway traffic conflict and small stream
crossings. As a considerable safely precaution, an underpass enabling highway traffic to cross
tI's coal haulage road will be constructed at a site contained within Ihe respective haulage
corridors of the a1ternative route. The road and bridges infrastructure it will be designed to safety
meet current ant anticipated highway standards d the existing provincial road.
EUWAw AMWPAG  eOs                              ElAiHE WEST ASAMASM COAL MINE DEVELOPMENT
SOUTH KALIMANTAN



GRAVEL_
ROAD eAsE 0 0,
COMPACTED          -O3
SELECTED
Figure 3,8                                                                                      SEL        -  -
TYPICAL HAULAGE COAL ROAD CORRIDOR
COMM.P '
OPERATING                                                                      VAG.DENr
ROADWIOTH                                                                      EJ A G ED
c- 2 0 m                                                                        S  / t        *{? 
>   TOPO   GRAPY                        .                                  .              i  / /O
INi SITU 
A  10.05                 UNCOMMfl
RCAO         ~SAFETY BERMi
ICROWN  ~      (WHEEL HE-IGHT)
- ROAD
DRAINAGE                                                                                  COLU?,"
DITCH                                                         AFILL                       A-A'
ORIGINAL
TOPOGRAPY
ALL SLOPES EXPRESED  AS  V: H                                                          C



290 000 mE                             295C00 mE
AM.7                     A1LS
l       b~~~M.3     ;1  
aM.21                WEST ASAM-ASAMMiINESITE                     1
g9 57cMN                                       Ar-14
t vAr  S~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~  K      * 
6Km 
(5)
KM
(~4)
-                              - ~~~~~~~~~~~~pCoal Haulroad)
,~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~-0 14rL                             2 *0 3.  '  K*A
Figure 3.8A                    .
_9  5C:O,,4 co MN                                                        HAUL COAL ROAD ALIGNMENT



PT. AHUTMIN INDONESIA                                                            3 . 30
f.    Drainage Control
Drainage control will be achieved in order to protect existing waterways from sediment
contaminants and to control water quality.
Sediment ponds will be the primary device for acidity and suspended solids control. Downstream
placements for draining-off containient and treatment of water from disturbed mining areas will
be predominately on the dipping highwall drainage sides. Run off from spoil dumps will generally
be away from active pils will be contained either within the pit, with accumulatives at highwall
sedimentation ponds, or with properly located low-wall drainage pond sites. Sedimentation ponds
will be designed to incorporate proper event sizing, overflow degration protection, and
maintenance.
Aclive pits contaminated with surface run-off andlor contacting in situ aquifer bearing zones will
require dewatering. Generally, this will be done by pumps placed in collection sumps with water
being pumped into aforementioned highwall sedimentation ponds.
g.    Backrilling
Backfilling will be conducted according to the aforementioned mining plan. Contemporaneous
reclamation is attained as contractual depths are reached with the 'boxcuts' limits. These create
voids which are backfilled with spoil from adjacent strips in accordance with the post mining
topography plan. In general contemporanous backfill will optimally conducted alter the iniial
mining slage has been finalized, since the western and eastern advancement of boxcut
developmenl are possible.
h.    Reclamation
Reclamation will be conducted simultanously wilh backflilling and dumping. As approximate
required elevations of the out of pit spoil dump and in pit backfilling are reached, topsoil is
respread via aforementioned direct haul or rehandled hauls from topsoil stockpiles. Seedling and
ground cover medium are planted on either dozer terraced or mildly continuous slopes respective
to the post mining land use plan.
The reclamation program had been conducted at the initial stage and during mine operation.
which includes the following activities:
BAWM.oaAPA0. 20oE eS                           EIA-THE WEST ASAMASMI COAL MINE DEVELOPMENT
SOUlTH KAUIMANTAN



PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA                                                             3 31
*    Top soil removal lo updip area during land dearing and grubbing
*    Top soil slockpiling and salvage protected from erosion
*     Development of revegeatlon in accordance lo natural occurring forest.
The occuirence o1 large deforested areas and the absence of true rain lorest cover in the mine
location suggests the general pre-mine land-use as sub-natural condition that either promode
cultivation or refurbishment to natural occurring native species.
(5)    MANPOWER REQUIREMENT
Manpower are based upon the average strp ratio 4: 1 and sales of 2,000,000 tonnes per year. Manpower
schedule are envisioned to be based on 12 hour shift rosters with a 4 day on 4 day off rotation. This
fotation alleviates the fatiguing length of 12 hour shifts and allows a greater local presence of PT. Arutmin
personnel in sutrounding communities.
The primary location for most staff personnel will be in Banjarmasin and Satui camp. Operators and non
staff will be predominantly from local townships and communities with a number residing in Banjarmasin
and in Satui camp site proper. PT. Arutmin will provide bus service between Banjarmasin/Satui Camp and
the mine site on regular basis as shift schedules demands.
Total employees for the W. Asam-asam Mine will be approximately 270 (Table 3.2). Contractors for mess,
medical, and additional maintenance specialist will increase the total to slightly above 300.
Table 3.2    Number o1 Personnel Requirements
Expatiate                    Nalional
STAFF
Prolessiornl                            7                           32
Non-Professional                                                    46
NON-STAFF
Skilled                                                             36
Non-skilled                                                         49
TOTAL                                    7                           263
(6)    MAJOR MINING EOUIPMENT
Mining operation will be conducted by truck and shovel method. Major mobile mining equipments and use
at the West Asam-asam Mine (Table 3.3).
SAWAAmW..Ra. 207E85                             EBA-THE WEST ASAM-ASAM COAL MINE DEVELOPMENT
SOUTH KAUMANTAN



PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA                                                                         3 - 32
Table 3.3     Mining Equipments
OTY                   DESCRIPTION                                  GENERAL USE
3     370 Hp Track Dozer (Cal D9)                 Coal RlpplngiDozinglDump Mainl
4     770 Hp Track Dozer (Cat DI)                 Coa/ovb. Ripping & Dozing
1    20 m3 Hydraulic Shovel (Hitachi 3500)        Ovb/Coal Loading
1     10 m3 Hydraulic Backhoe (H1achl 1800)       Ovb/Coal Loading
1     690 Hp Wheal Loader (Cal 99/2C)             Ovb,CoaVTpsl Loading
12    1 SDI Off Highway Trucks (Cat 785)          Ovb/Coal Haulage
2     870 Hp 'Nater trucks (Cal 7765/Trailer)     Road Maintenance
2     275 Hp Motor Grader (Cal 16G)               Road Maintenance
1     315 Hp Cormpactor (Cat 825C)                Roed Maintenance
1    Transpod Truck-(5 tonne                      Service Equloment
2     Service Trucks (5 tonre)                    Service Equlpment
1     Tire Truck (10 tonne)                       Service Equipment
2     Fuel Trucks (10 tonne)                      Service Equipment
10    Light Plants                                Service Equipment
1     25 ton Crane                                Service Equipment
2     350 KVA Gensels                             Service Equipment
2     250 KVA Gensels                             Service Equipment
2     125 KVA Gensels                             Servce Equipment
(7)    MATERIAL REQUIREMENTS
All materials required for the mining activities including, fuel, lubricants oil, equipment spareparts and other
malerial for construction will be placed at mine service yard and storage within the boundary of mine
service compound. The main materials required for mining operation is fuel. Fuel and oil requirements for
mine production level with aforementioned equipments in paragraph (6) is approximately 1.5 million litre
fuel and 250,000 Ilre of oil per month.
(8)    MINE FACILITIES
Mine facilities wAIl includes mine service compound faciliies, camp facilities and tentatively by camp
facilities will be using the Satui mine camp 40 Kms and hal an hour drive from the West Asam-asam site
through hot mix previncial road.
The mine service compound will includes the following facililies covered 1,2 Ha area and illustrated in
Figure 3.9.
B&WAXMwPR0Z 2W7!E B                                    EIA-THE WEST ASAM     COAL MINE DEVELOPMENT
SOUTH KALJMANTAN



Figure 3.9
CONCEPTUAL LAYOUT MINE SERVICE FACILITY,
WEST ASAM-ASAM
TO PORT
. ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~~.
Kleef n:
---~~~~~~~~~~~~- .5,.ip f 
Air pe           I
0iI pipe                                    
~ - Grease Op
-    ElecTcTal able                     2lM
FPew Panel
O       HydWant Box



PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA                                                            3 - 34
Sile Office                     :    95,6 m'
Workshop                        :    318 m2
Equipment Washing Pad           :     oo ml
Oil replacement area                 100 in2
Oil storage                     :    75 m'
Genset and compressor area           31,2 M2
Lubricani storage               .    712 m2
Medical Aid                          100 m2
Truck Packing                   :    1.365 mI
The West Asam-asam mine anlicipated to use very limited blasting technique, so that for the mine service
facilities doesn't have explosive slorage. The only hazardous material storage is for fuel and oil. These
materials is placed in location with series of tank storage with high safety standard.
(9)    COAL PRODUCT HANDLING AND FACILlTIES
Coal product delivery handing depends on requirements by the main consumers, i.e. PLN for PLTU
Banjarmasin. The coal produced doesn't require washing process and it is decided that the PLN will be
receiving raw coal product in PLTU Banjarmasin crushing plant at the PLTU Site. The coal delivery
handling facilities at PLTU site will be devided into two teiritory areas, each respectively manage by PT.
ARUTMIN INDONESIA as coal supplier and PLN as consumer. Raw x al will be unloaded from haul truck,
and stockpiled.
The raw coal will be crushed into required grade by Arutmin prior to be measured and delivered. PLN will
crushed the received coal into required finests by PLTU. Both areas will required stockpiles, with total land
area requirement of approximately 2 Ha. The PLN land required for ARUTMIN's handlingfacilbies including
the management will be negotiated accordingly. Two stockpiles required at ARUTMIN's site respectivelly
for raw coal and crushed coal. Each stockpile is aproximately 200 m, 50 m base diameter and 10 m
(Height) or 200.000 tonne coal. Drainage from each stock pile is collected into 3 stages sedimentation
pond system prior to be drained off into waterbody. Typical ARUTMIN's stockpiles at PLTU sike is
illustrated in Figure 3.10.
With this handling scheme the only coal handling facilities required at mined ske is ROM Coal Stockpile
which will be located at mine mouth area. The stock pile is required lo even out continues delivery of coal
to PLTU which will be hauled by truck through haul road to the PLTU stockpile and crushing plant. Two
ROM stockpiles will be recquired at mine site. Stockpiles is designed for small amount of raw coal
temporary storage. Each stockpile has 50 m base diameter and 6 - 10 m height. Typical design of ROM
stockpile, drainage and sediment control structue is illustrated in Fgure 3.11.
SAWbAw ARM. 207Esa;                            EIAe7HE WEST ASAMASAM COAL MINE DEVELOPMENr
SOUTH KA1MMrAN



l~~~
'I~~~~I
I 0 1 ~~~~~~~~~~~,41  StZ*PC
CRUSHING                X -SECTION A-A'
FACILITIES
M RP RAP SPILLW&T
A |             s      * *                     X-SECTION B-S'
FROM CRUSHING FACILITIES      1/s3
ITYPICAL
OEDIMENTRO                         SEOIMENT
CONTROLC\UR                        CONTROL
STRUCTURE                          STRUCTURE
WL~~ ~~~~~~~~~~ I
Figure 3.10    O C
TYPICAL LAYOUT OF CRUSHING PLANT
AND STOCKPILE



SAFETY. PERM
\   \>gX  / t   X   /                                                              ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~FACE
/ \   i/DRAINAGE             X-SEXTION   A-A'
m/\    RAMr; l  /        m    TYPICAL
|R\AMP      \ 11  |   SEDIMENT                                                          RIP RAP SP!LLWAY
CONTROL
STRUCTURE
X-SECTION   B-B'
Al
Figure 3. 11
TYPICAL LAYOUT FOR COAL STOCKPILE
AND DRAINAGE



PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA                                                            3 . 37
(10)   MINING WASTE AND POLLUTION MANAGEMENT
The potential mining operation wastes and pollulion can be Identified as follows:
a.    Solid particulate which may be transported by drainage water to the waterbody (stream, river).
Sources for the waste is especially erosion from mining or coal handling activities:
-    Overburden dumping and top soil storage
-    Mining dewalering and drainage system
-    Coal stockpile and transport remnants and affect acidity of coal particulate in stockple
drainage system.
-    Coal haulage road to the PLTU site
b.    Gaseus and particulate pollution to the air. Sources for these polution are mining activities and
coal handling:
-    Dust from mining aclivities and overburden dumping
-    Gaseus (CO, Gamma Ray) and coal dust from coal stock piling activities
-    Heal and coal burning
-    Dust from overburden and coal haulage transport at mine sike as long haulage road to Ihe
PLTU site.
-    Exhanst gaseous (CO, SO2, NOx, Pb, HxCy) from heavy equipment and vehides.
a.    Left over and waste from solar fuel, lubricants (oiQ from equipment maintenance activities.
Waste and pollution control and management will be conducted by several control measures:
a.    Drainage Control:
To prevent solid particulate lo enter the waterbody a drainage control system is considered as one
of the important mining activities {paragraph (4) Q. All the spoil dump site drainage wiil be
incorporated into mine drainage/dewatering system. Series of sedimentation ponds with proper
sizing are utilized to prevent particulales to enter water body.
W 'h the contemporanous backfilling nining method with an average of 15 Ha active mine opening
per year spread in several pit front area moving along the strike and according to mining plan the
settling pond system movable progressing according to active pit locaion in several places. With
high rainfall condition the total value d settling pond systems required for temporary settling of
mine dewatering leachate water is approximately 15.000 m3 with average depth in each settling
pond 4 m (Fugure 3.12.
E&WAW WP.R I207E8W                             EIA,THE WESr ASAM-AM COAL MINE DEVELOPMENT
SOUTH KAUMANTAN



INFLOW
A                                                                                                         A'
RIF' RAP
I  45Z MATERAL
- ~~~ -
LOADER /EXCAVATOR CLEAN OUT AREA
Figure 3.12 
TYPICAL DESIGN OF SEDIMENTATION POND                                                                                 X



PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA                                                             3- 39
The controlled drainage syster also applied to stockpile drainage water to prevent fire materials
and acidic water area enteri%  ae water body in both ROM slockpile area and stockpile area at
PLTU site. Each ROM Stockpile sedimenlalion pond dimension Is estimated to be 10 m (width),
20 m (length) and 3 m (depth), capacity 600 mJ of leachate water. Each ROM stockpile require
2 sedimentation ponds.
For each slockpile at PLTU site two sedimentation ponds Is required each wkth dimension oF 30
m x 20 m x 4 m (depth). Each sedimentation ponds consist of Ihere stages of ponds.
Muds from settling and sedimentation ponds will be removed periodically and stored into
backfilling area in mining pik, and settling water acidity is monitored periodically, lo reduce acidity
Ca(OH)2 is added to setiling pond water then necessary.
b.    Dust Suppression
Dust suppression requirements for the West Asam-asam coal resource project result from fugtive
dust drom normal mining activities:
*     Overburden removal at the face
*     Overburden Dumps
*     Equipment Exhaust
*    Coal Stockpiles
*     Haulroad degradation
Due to the high moisture content of the overburden and interburden. fugitive dusl at the removal
and dump faces should be minimal.
Equipment exhaust due to the small amount of operating equipment wil be readily dispersed into
the atmosphere in which actual detection will be difficult if not impossible.
Coal stockpile handling will produce dust due to partide fines resulting from re handling. Again,
inherent moisture in the coal will reduce the impact significantly. Great dump distances and over
handling of the coal product is not in PT. Arutmin's interest, and operational and/or design steps
will be taken to minimize degradation of coal fines.
The maprhy for outside impact influences with respect to fugitive dust are hatiroad generated.
Haulroads during dry weather will produce dust as wheel bearing pressures of haulage traffic
degrades the road base and i's overlying refuse accumulation. Augmenting the inherent graveled
roadbase design, which itsel limits degradation of the Main to Plant haul, a sole water truck can
easly patrol this route and adequately suppress dust.
SAAAA0.WP.Ru. M                                 EIATHE WEST ASAM   COAL MINE DEVEflPMENT
SOUTH KALIMMATAN



PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA                                                              3 . 40
Regular repair and rehabiltation of damaged pofions of hautroads will be a continuing practice
al the mine and haulage corridor. In-pk and mine sike haulroads will require less maintenance and
dust suppression due to Inherent moisture content and briefly of their lives.
The use of chemical dust suppressive are also available for consideration. High producing
seclions or those with greater influence wikh surrounding inhabitants can be treated with
magnesium chloride (MgCI2 - salts) or organic compounds that require little or no water truck
assistance. The mixture compound Is 40 Hires of MgCI2 witli 1.000 lkres of water, Greater detail
as lo their applicabiity must be investigated with respect to In-silu roadbase soil types, inherent
moisture, atmospheric conditions, surface water amounts, and road maintenance activity prior to
actual application.
C.    Waste Oil Management
Fuel and oil usage at the West Asam-asam Mine is estimated to be 1,500,000 and 250,000 Li per
month, respectively.
A waste product of oil is expected to be generaled at 5,000 Li per month. Waste oil is planned
to be disposed of by four methods:
1 .    Power Plant unk start-up use
2.   Contraclor recycling
3.    Burning
4.    PiR Disposal
(11)   POST MINING ACTIVITIES
Generally, the pre-mine topography of the West Asam-asam coal resource area is made up of deforested
ro;ling grasslands that is broken up by intermittent or continuous drainage channels. These drainage
channels tend to remain forested as do other areas that have small-medium growth concentrations oF
trees. The large deforested areas and general absence of true tain forest cover suggests the general pre-
mine land use as sub-natural conditions that either promote cultivation or refurbishment to natural
occurring native species.
It is safe lo say that the general pre-mine condition as there is an absen1ce of inhabitants in the area and
their dependency to the existing land use of the mine site. In [his sence, a post mine land use should be
envisioned with a ccntinuance of the existing conditions. Native species with concentration of natural
occurring forest along post mine drainage and in concentrated 'clumps' will promote this as a reforestation
project bent on developing native species re-population and preserve rights.
SAWAAWPA.L 207EB9S                              BA. iHE WEST ASAMASAM COAL MINE DEVELOPWENT
SOUTH KALJATAN



PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA                                                            3 * 41
The thickness of the coal reserve of West Asam-asam may reasonably leave large impoundments of
catchment areas in final lengths d open pits. these water lmpnundments can also be left to promote
swampland habitation for local spedes. Water qually and polenmial protection from acidic or other non-
enhancing lithologylstrata conlacis must be assured to rehabillate these areas into productive or natural
swamplands,
It may be possible to encourage production use for fish or prawn farming water aerallon and quality can
be amply assured. It will not be recommended any use as reservoir water supply other than direct
suitabilily lo on-sile use by either the power plant or as dust suipression for the mine.
EAWAAwP.R.AI. 20rEBBS                         BEATHE WEST ASAM-kA COAL IMNE DEVELOPMENT
SOUTH KALIMANTAN



CHAPTER 4
INITIAL ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING
THE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF
THE WEST ASAM-ASAM COAL MINING PROJECT
IN BLOCK 6, SOUTH KAUMANTAN - INDONESIA
PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA



PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA                                                            4 -
CHAPTER 4
INITIAL ENVIRONMENTAL SErlING
4.1    CLIMATE
(1)    TYPE AND CLIMATE CONDITION
The dominant factors for climate condition in Indonesia are generally wind and rainfall. According to
Schmidt Ferguson and W. Koppen the West Asam-asam mine site area is classified as tropical humid,
type Af, characterized with relatively high temperature (min. average 1 80C), relatively high rainfall with
average minimum monthly rainfall 60 mm/month or higher than 2,000 mmlyear. Dry month occur during
June-September.
The area characterized by relatively flat landscape with gently rolling topography. And with relatively high
rainfall and non porous soil condition, the area is also characterized by several spot of wetlands and grass
land area.
Meterological data obtained from Meteorology and Geophysic Station in Pelaihari 19B2-1991 (21 m asl.,
3047 SU1 14045' EM, 40 Km from the site) and Banjarbaru (11 m asl., 3°27' Sl/l 140505 EM, 120 Km from
the site), both station assumed to adequately represent dimatic condition of nine she location presented
in Table 4.1 and 4.2. Based on the aforementioned data analysis some indicators characterized the climate
condition of the mine site area:
a.    Rainfall
Annual minimum rainfall is 2,033 mm, maximum 2,903 mm and average annual rainfall is 2,568
mm. Number of rainy days annually 153 days, indicating there is no month without rain. The
highest rainfall occur during December, 486 mm and the bwest is in August. 64 mm. These are
supported by annual rainfall map by Directorate Geology (Figure 4.1), indicating average rainfall
in South Kalimantan approximately 2,500 mm, characterized the area with high rainfall condition.
b.    Tempeiature
Average maximum annual temperature in the location is 32.1°C, min. average 22.30C and
average annual temperature is 26.1°C.Temperature in September - November usually hoter
compared to other month.
8AWAAeWWP.R0e. 207! e OM                       BAHE WEST ASAMASAM COAL MINE DEVELOPMENT
SOUTH KAUMANTAN



PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA                                                                                4* 2
Table 4.1 Olmatology Data St Pelalhari, South Kalimantan (1982 - 1991)
_q!!ntfty . .   eraJue 9_u       _  Humidity   Soar  Wind Velocty  Directon
Month      Rainfall  Rain.day   Max.   Min.   Ave.    (%)   (Radiatin)   nKrtJr)
(mm)     (Days)                                     N
January         449       20      30,6     23    26.3      88       31
February        326       17      31.4   23,4   26.5       86       42           -         -
March           355       19      31.5   23,2   26.6       85       45
AprIl           222       14      32.3   22,9   26.0       86       47
May             234       14      31.5   23.4   26.7       86       47
June            111        7      31,4   21,8   26.7       84       51
July            129        9      31,1    20,7   26,3      83       53
August           64        4      31.7     23      27      70       74
Seplember        82        6      32.4     23    27.2      77       64
Oclober         121        9      31.2   23,5   27.5       77       60
November        324       Is      32.8   23.2   268        84       43
December        486        19     30.7   22,9   26,2       87       34
2.903      153     31,6   22,0   26.7       83       49
Source : Meleordgy and Geophysical Institute, Jakartla 1992)
Table 4.2 airnatology Banjarbaru, St. Banjarbaru, South Kalimantan (1975 - 1990)
Month     _ _ Ouanty             Temiperature rCq    Humidty Sunshne  Wind Velociy (Knoth)  Direction
Rainfal  Rain-day  Max    Min.   Ave.    1%)   (Radation)    Max.       Ave.
(mrn_ m  (Days)                                    (5I
January         366         -     30,9   23.0   25,5       88       37         4,2        2        NE
February        311         -      31    22,8   25.8       &7       35         4,6       2,2        NE
March           330         -     31.5   22,8   26,0       87       46         5.3       2.2        NE
April           251         -     32,3   23,1    26,5      87       53           4       1,8       NE
May             165         -     32,8   22,7   26,6       86       57         4,2       1,6         E
Jurie           135         -     32,2   22,2   25,9       85       53         4,2       2,1         E
July            116         -     32.1   21,2  -26,6       83       56         5,4        2          E
August           74         -     32,9   21,2   25,9       8D       62         3,8       1,8         E
Seplember        73         -     33,4   22,2   26,2       79       56         6,5        2         E
October         167         -     33,4   22,7   26,7       81       59         4.4       2.4        E
November        235         -     32.3   22,7   26,3       87       46         4,2       2,6       SW
December        325         -     30,9   22,8   22,8       89       38         4,4       2,8       ; W
2.568        -     32,1    22,5   25,9   84,9       49,1
Source: Metereobgy and Geophysiccal Center, Banjarbaru Station, South Kalimafntan and Mg, Jakata, 1991
&wAAOAWPAE. 207ESS                                        EIA-THE WEST ASAM ASAM COAL MINE DEVELOPMENT
SOUTH KALIJMANTAN



Area  Withunhil  Rainfall ,1T  Baia,
P.   SKIam WEST ASAMASAM
FIGURE 4.I                                                         MINE LOCAllON
MEAN ANNUAL RAINFALL
T.. PoWenlifflwn
SCALE OF RAINFALL                                                                   ig    W1'_
,lle~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~M P. SE UK
lb'~~~~~Tjuf
Area With Rainfall           P LAUr~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~C



PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA                                                              4 . 4
During these month the sun is in verical posilion, whereas the period is entering rainy season,
with many clouds. Trapped reflectod radiation affected Increasing local atmospheric temperature.
Due to Ihe existing land condition of timber felling activity and forest burning for shifting cultivation
by local people, local micro-temperature is relatively high 36°C, in November temperature slightly
different 5°C.
c.     Humidity
Atmospheric relative humidity in the project area is, max. 88 %, min. 77 %, average 84 %. The
area is relatively humid, since most of the area is covered by forest and swampand.
During field investigation humidity can ready 89-90%, even there is no indication of rain would fall.
These data also indicaled that the area is tropic-humid.
d.    Solar Radiation
Length of sun-shining according to the nearest Peiaihari Station, maximum is 74 %, minimum 31
%, average 49 %, say the average monthly sunshine is longer than 3 hours, which means the
area is in tropical with hot temperature.
e.    Wind
Wind direction in January - April mostly (27 - 30%) from the northeast with average velocity 2
Knot/hour and approximately 10 % reaching the highest velocity (4-6 Knot/hour). Only 12 - 17%
blow from the North and West direction, 2-4 knoUthr (Figure 4.2& 4.3). During May - October wind
direction predominantly come from the eastem, 49 %, with velocity 2 - 4 KnoVhr and 10 % with
4-6 Knot/hr. In the same month 12-18 % winds blow from south and southeastern (2-4 Knotlhr).
During the month wind has not bring water and rain.
In November - December wind direction mostly from southwestem (27 - 39%) with average
velocity 2 - 4 KnoVhr and max. velocity 6 Knot/hr (3 %). usually in these month the wind bring
water and rain, indicated by high rainfall.
Local wind measurement (Suton Method, 2 rn above ground) indicating the wind fastly change
directions, and predominantly goes to the southeastern (Table 4.3)
EkWA&4&WP.RW2. 207ES                            EA-THE WEST ASAM  COAL MINE DEVELOPMENT
SOUTH KALIMANTAN



4.5
Figure 4. 2
WIND DIRECTION AND VELOCITY DIAGnAM 1982-1991,
STATION BANJARMASIN, SOUTH KALIMANTAN
JANUARY   N                    BE FERUARY               NE
Nw                                     N
NWQ
S h O /B~~~                ~~ SE.   -7\5   E
SE
S
NE
NE                       N
MARCH          APRIL              ,
MARCH        N         '/
NW~ 
SW    S                        S        S
MAY         rNE                    J UNE       N
NW   _  __ _  _                  N W J /N
SW s-              - E             W v7 ~          -N;
SW  EE
I~~~
S
Ibes: Average lAnd Velociy in K,W



4 6
Figure 4 3
WIND DIRECTION AND VELOCITY DIAGRAM 1982-1991,
STATION BANJARMASIN, SOUTH KALIMANTAN
JULY               NE             AUGUST            NE
___                   E                            E
I-                             SW
NE
SEPTEMBER  N NE                     OCTOBER
X:             E                 Nw
*   .E                SW ~       S
SW
NOVEMBER             NE                                 N
NW~                             NW\JS
SW~~
0   2   '4 6 
Notes: Averaqe Wind Vecity in Knot.



PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA                                                               4.7
Table 4.3   Climate Dala of Site Location
No. Localion   Temperature       Humidity       Wind Veloaty        Wind
(C              (%)            (mlsec.)         Direclion
1          29   36            53 -70         0.5 - 0.9          SW
2          25 - 29.5          70-79          0.6-1.4            SW
3          27.5 - 32.3        71-B0
4          25 - 30.6          73-89            0.5             N -SE
5          25 - 33.6          80-90          0.7- 0.9          N -SE
6          30    32           71 - 79        0.5 - 0.8         N - SW
7          26.8 - 30.5        73-89          0.9-1.2          SW-SE
8          25 - 28.5          80-90          0.5-1.1           SE-S
9             31.6             82              20               SE
Source     Field Measurement, 17-22 Nov. 1993
(2)    Air Qualily
Mining activity may affect changes to air quality caused by heavy equipment movement, transport vehicle,
machineries. The measurement of exisfing air quality condi;c.. includes parameters: noise level, vibration,
gas, dust, and other particulate materials.
Field measurement on air quality in 8 location, surrounding area of the proposed sile, indicating different
condition air quality which may be related to existing different activities in the area. One sample (Sample
No.9) is taken at Muara Satui area, the active coal terminal site, to have comparing data of mining activity.
a.     Noise Level
From the result of field measurement, some area have very low noise level which are not
disturbing, measured between 10-20 dB (Table 4.4). The source of such noise are sound of bird
or other animal and wind blowing in the trees. Proposed mine site area shows this characteristic
indicated by sample No. 6. Noise level measurement at three point (2. 4. 8) indicating fairly good
noise level when compared to PLN measurement, i.e 22.55 - 13.3 dB.
The overall 8 samples surrounding project location show noise level with max. average 51 - 91.5
dB (A), average 40.1 - 83.5 dB and min. average 35.5 - 47.5 dB. This condiion is still for below
the threshold limit of 70 dB for industry and 50 dB for hously.
EA4wMoz4WF.O2. 27ES                             EIA-THE WEST ASAMAM COAL MINE DEVELOPMENT
SOUTH KAIJMANTAN



Table 4.4 Measurement Analysis Air Quality and Noise
West Asarn-asam Coal Mine Project, Environmental Impact Assessment
LOCATION                           IPCLLUTANTCONCENTRATION (Ave. b)                               NOISE eB AJ                        CU.VA!ATE CAvge           jj
No.      DESCRIPlION         NO,       502        CO        H_        _ cmH     Pb       Detu       MAL       Ave.        m       TI C       RH   |Wd        WO   d        SaJCE OF
l~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~dc                             n       Vece  NOISE      p     uTA
1.   Patmed PLTU              9,90     36,80    199.55      0,45     42.00      16,75    174.75 | 161,00      45,50     37.0W     32.50     61.5       AM70  WN-ES  M| l       Y. LnQsr   MM   140
Stocki~le              __        __                            __                                                   I                                              ad SM.4 Trew
2.   Khuk                     4,70     15,35    12190        udt      22.20      1,75    117,25     5500 !   42.15      35.50     30.50     7150       1.00  WN-ES      AnWS S06-1555S
FcfestPAea               0,60    2,34    5,15    udt                 uC          95,00            o 62 .50   55,00  .27.00   91,C                 020 Ep
3.   Buaq.buang               7,00     20,40    210Q00       udt      24.60     1S,05    144,60     51,00     40.10     36.00     29.90     75.50                 A_ vr Sam             I 11.30- 17.55
ForestArea                                                                                                                                   :_ _                    Ve___
4.  IGnbpFotl                 120      17,85    25135       0.30      22.90      9.05    104.95     74.50 j   47.95     37.50     27.80     61.00      0.50  ES-N-S  -mw   ch¶0.3c. 17
0,45      0,96      3.24       udt                 uct     60.00     60,00      50,50     59.W      27w00     91.00      020             AjW Sauft
I   MiininSi                  1,45     16,95    415,5       1,15      40,95     18.55     88,60    5200       450       41,50     29,30      5.00      0A0     ES-N   Log"Truc k         0115 .1  45
&  | GaudtFct            |    1,90     11,05    327.35       udt      40,55     1125*    64.40      61,00 1   52.65 I   47,50     31,001j  75.O        0.65  S-N-WN i !aVforW            MX30.- 1720
7.   Seek,Mtsde rad          13,80     69,75    52300       0,55     47.60      2350     I4a90 j   91,50    86.50 3     42.50     2140 j 1.00          1.B015  ES.WN  IMmszVe            MQ5GC- 1520
{Jaong-s- iu        J   __ _                         __   _    __   _     _   _                 I       __  _    I       I   _ _    L   __ _  __    _     _ _  _I
5.   Trnsrigrtin              3.00     12,75    427,40  |  0,45      35,75      13,65     94.50    1S1so     45.35 _    36.50     27 1 _ .00           0.80   ES-NE I Txud  S. ad  iQ750C- C920
Sealareent        '      0,75     4,435     10,30     0,010                   a      75,00     69,00     67.00     8  B      2100     81W.       Q02              Tn_
9.   MuinuSAMi           |  17550      92.10   2.611,00 |    3,60    89.10      16,70    11250 1  69.0        t 830 1   QOD       31.B0 |    .00        ZOO       ES   CanI C". r.I.
Ccii Stople             0,63      0R05             _        .                        57,00 1  69.00      5 67.00   G00IM j    76? 0        W0J ,  asss
KEP.0VMEN KLtHA/isas    e2.50 [_2eQm  |2.26M0 |   42,00    16000_|   60,00    260,  j 7             |      0"           |        .            '         _ _
Sumber:  Fied Measurarimnt and DOa Analysi, Nw. * D.: 1993
Ndt : 'ANOAL Renrcna PLTU Aurn4sam Kee Jorong, Kab. OT. 11 Tanah LU  Kahmantan Sdaian (MN), 1992  VA1TA     Wadu lmones BaWn Tgah
OLLAJR. Ounng Meaurement:   *Tnab               : 386C                                             Cera  Inrdnsggire
*RH nm           :90*C                                     Ut       :unddetaMd
*Ku Arogn nahL  :2 nYdt
.n  :! I~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~.



PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA                                                            4-9
The source of the higher noise level in the area is affected by transportation and village activity
as Indicated by sample location, especially as indicaled by sample No.7. At this location the
maximum noise level can reach 91.5 dB, the highest amongst 9 samples.
The noise level in 3 area at Jorong - Kintap Forest - Muara Satul Is considered very high 80 dB
(A), affected by heavy vehicle transportation of [he provincial road and forestry logging
transportation activity.
At Muara Satui (Sample No. 9) the dominant source d noise comes from compressor, coal
transport barge, loader, dozer and car. Despte the noise, vibration affected by heavy vehicle very
strong, if the frequency is high and can be fell in the building near the road (12 m from the road).
However, vibration affected by generating equipment relatively low, especially when the settlement
is far and protected by buffer (forest), hence the impact can be neglected. The noise level al
Muara Satui (Sample No. 9), max. 89 dB, average 80.3 dB and minimum 63 dB.
b.    Gas and Particulate
Field measurement in 8 location around the proposed mine site shows fairly good air quality:
Parameters                      1igfm2
NOx             :          1.45  -   13.8
S02             :          11.05 -   69.75
cO              :         128.9  -   503.0
H2S             :     Undetected -    1.5
Hydrocarbon     :         22.2  -   47.0
(CxHy)
Pb              :          1.75  -.  23.5
Dust            :         60.0  -   174.75
Measurement comparison of sample (No. 2, 4. 8) with PLN (1992) sample at similar location
indicating fairly good air qualily in those locafion, however indicating also increasing gaseous,
particulate and noise in the three area:
BAWDA4AWP.RE. 207E-S                           IA-1HE WESrASAM-ASM COAL MINE DEVELOPMENW
SOUTH KAUMANTAN



PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA                                                               4 . 10
Paramnebrs                                           Field Measurement
(Pg/m3)
NO.                                                    2.25   174.87
SO,                                                  8.315     92.05
CO                                                    120.75 - 417.10
H,S                                                     0      0.44
C,H,                                                  22.2    35.75
Pb                                                     1.75   13.65
Dust                                                   19.5    55.5
Noise (Average)                                       20.55  - 13.3dB
Source:    Field Measurement, 17-22 Nov. 1993
Measurement indicaling that average overall air qualiy are still lower slandard air quality in
Kepmen KEP. No. 02/MENKLHII/1988.
Only at Muara Satui (Sample No. 9) is higher compared to other sampling location. Especially,
CO concentration (as an analogy for coal stockpile at proposed site location) is higher, i.e. 2,681
tLg(m3 higher than thresnold limit 2,260 ttg/m3. This is bec- ;e of high frequency of coal handling
and shipment activities.
4.2    TERRAIN AND GEOLOGY
(1)    TOPOGRAPHY AND MORPHOLOGY
The proposed West Asam-asam mining site les in the lowland stretching from the West to the East
parallels with the coast-line. Topography in the proect ste is rolling with elevation varies between 10 to
75 m above mean sea level (a.s.) and slope vares around 15 to 20 %. The elevation reduces fairly rapidly
into the low ling marsh=land in the flood plain of Asam-asam river and nipa swamp within 2-3 Kms from
the coast of Ihe Java Sea The coast-line area is relatively flat area with elevation ranging around 0-10
as].
According to Van Bemmelen (1949) the South Eastern Kailmantan has three geomorphological units
namely the up-land region, low land region and coastal plain. These region is part of the eastern flank
morphology of Meratus Mountains which in Ihe far north of the region, striking from Ihe west to Ihe notill-
east and formed the calchment area for river systems flowinig lo the south whiid made up the Asam-asam
watershed.
8AWAAAWP. R02 2M0EES                             EIA.THE WEST # WASAM COAL MINE DEVELOPMENT
SOUTH KAUMANTAN



PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA                                                             4 - 11
The physiography of the proposed project site fall Into transitional zone between the lowland
geomorphology (especially for the mining she) and coastal plain (post of planned coal haul road to PLTU).
The area is formed by debris materials Meralus Mountain which has been deposited since the Tertiary.
To the South these materials is covered by marshland which is formed by the Asam-asam flood, while the
coastal plain is filied by marine sand sediment deposit.
The proposed minesite area Ries In the relatively highland (Flgure 4.4. The site lies, and the morphology
of the mine site area consist of flat plain area in the nolhern and southern part slohpn 0 - 2 %. The
elevation in the north between 25 - 50 asl, while In the south less than 25 m asi.
The middle part of the site is undulaling ridge, striking from eastern to the western with elevation 25 - 60
asl and slope 2 - 15 %. In the mid-way of the Asam-asam river flow close to the joining point of Rangkan
and Naiyah rivers to form the Asam-asam river. However, the proposed mine site terrain are closely
related to small rivers and creeks, sometimes dendritic which flows directly to the Asam-asam river. The
coal haulage road to the South loward PLTU site will intercept those small rivers. Both rivers are mean
during indicating older stadium. However the morphology of the area indicating younger stadium, so that
a can be assumed that the area experiencing revilalization which means the erosion process is stronger
than sedimentation, indicating also by strigh line trbutuaries flows.
(2)    GEOLOGY AND STRATIGRAPHY
The West Asam-asam proposed project ske is part of the Asam-asamn basin which striking from the west
to the east 10 Kms inland to the coast and lies at the eastern flank of the Meratus mountains. The basin
is originated from block fauilling during the Paleocene (eEfy Tertiary) and these fault were probably active
during most of the Tertiary.
Deposition process within the basin begin in the Late Eocene with a major marine transgression and
transgression until Oligocene, accompanied by regression which begins from early Late Oligocene through
out Early Quaternary (Pleistocene). The two process is part of the major transgression and regressive
evcle that affected sedimentary basins throughout South-east Asian region during Tertiary. The eldest rock
in this region is meta-sediment rock and serpentine (Figure 4.5). On the top of those rock is deposited in
hndmoniously sand stone unit from Tanjung Formation the Berai Formation, consist of fingerlike formation
between imeslone, greenish-clay and sand-stone inlercalated by glaucomite mineral.
Marine transgression reached its peak during early Middle Miocene, followed by regression. It is during
tnis regression phase that the Warukin Formation is deposited at the top of Berai and Pamalungan
Formation, which consist of sand-stone, mud-stone, sift-stone intercalated with many lignite seams.
BAWA4WPRPOZ. 20zE BB                            EIA-THE WEST ASAMASAM COAL MINE DEVELOPMENT
SOUTH KAIUMANTAN
...,.



44
_  .   ,<.   .   )   >      t52~~~~~~-    FIGURE4.4 MORPHOLOGIMAP
X ,~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 0". tt                                             a,E OKM
4~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
8~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~WS ASMAA C'k DEPO TS IT
^   .   -  .  t  § 5C~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~SOE  2- 15%



4 -13
Thick
Age    cm       Formallon  Lithology               DcscrIp I on
PLlOCEIE
_-HOR          Claystone, slIsrone, sandstone,
1 400   DAHOR   _  --- _ conglomerale nun'erous thin cool beds.
1)+1 . .'
up to
U      o0 WRKN              ___            CloY3fona, mudslons. thick 140. m I
0                             - -          llgnils, mlnor llMe3tone of boss.
lil up to                   C               Llmestone, marl, cloy slone greenish
W 3asandstono, rare glauconite.
0
W                                           Upper unit, claystone, and tfhn
Z   UDN toU3    _             |-limestona.
W      tOOO    TANJUN2G    __    _= Thin coal.
Lower unit, basal conglomerate.
sand3tone, thick Coal  T 7m l, lcal
_      =       basotl intrusions.
PRE-          PRIE-TERTW?ARi9       X        S er petninitle ond me tosodimenis.
TERsTIARY         gASEtr1ENT   7?t  ' '
Figure 4.5
REGIONAL STRAliGRAFIC COLUMN



PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA                                                             4 - 14
Pusat Penelitian & Pengembangan Geolog (PPPG, 1 991) differentiale the Warukin Formation into Binuang
Formatirn and limy-marlstone, Eocene and Lower Miocene, namely Berai Formation. On the upper of
Warukin Formation is deposted Dahor Formation during upper Miocene and Pliocene which consist of
fluvial and alluvial fan deposit resulted from the up-lifting of the Meratus mountain.
Lihologically the area in [he south-eastern most of border lies across Kinlapura fault and Batulaki up-thrust
fault and is part of the T6-T7 sub-units of the lIthological formation (Figure 4.6) with the following
characterislics.
The lignite seam is thick and generally brownisn black, dult to sub-dult lustre and moderately
strong with light planar close cleats.
Sand-stone are fine lo medium grained, well sorted, commonly very thick and unconsali dated and
commonly fining up-ward.
The mud-stone are soft, commonly sandy or sifty and frequently interbaminated with carbonaceous
and thin lignitic bands.
In the south to the down-stream of the Asam-asam river is deposked swamp sediment with Dahor
Formration below the Holosen sediment. The lihology of swamp sediment (Holosen) consist of cleyey-sand
with high organic content caused by the decay of swamp vegetation in long period. In the cleyey-sand
occasionally found peat concentration. These kind of lithology is found in the eastem bank of the Asam-
asam river, especially during low tide. The thickness of swamp sediment is varied from 2 m around the
irrigation dam (Local Transmigration settlement) to 16 m in the mid-westem of the proposed PLTU
location. To the east, the thickness is reducing and ends-up in the pinus seedling area in the south-eastern
of the Hutan Kintap sawmill.
The Dahor Formation is found lo the South of the proposed minesite location, with thickness around 400
m. The formation consist of clastical sediment with medium to small grains of sand-stone, silt-stone and
clay-stone intercalated with lignite and peats. The sand-stone is composed by quarts mixed with fragment
of metamnorph rock in a small amount. Generally, in fresh condition the rock is greyish white in decayed
condiion is reddish. The rock is also can be found in eastem of the proposed PLTU location. The sand-
stone formation in this area forming mound 3 to 4 m height This sand-stone deposit can be used as
source of borrow material for construction.
The project area is in the Warukin Formation during Miocene which has been eroded and with monoclinal
slope structure E-ound 20-30° to the soulh paralel to the coastline and with total thickness is around 1,000
m.
EAwDAo4&WP.aw. 207EB                           EIAB1HE WEST ASAM-ASAM COAL MINE DEVELOPMENT
SOUTH KAUMANTAN



-                                                                     U,
p~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Vr  2S 5P                    10             5KM
KIN                                           T-8LECEN 0
MU^RA          
SAM ASA                                                                                                                                   ASAM-AASSA
ASAM AS                                                                                                 lG~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~_GrlpT rEPOSIT AREA



PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA                                                           4 - 16
The formation consist of sediment of Lower Miocene (T5), Middle Miocene (T6), Upper Miocene (T7) and
Pliocene (T8), (Figure 4.6A and 4.6B).
T8   In the Southern part of the area, consist of conglomerate and sand-stone.
T7   Predominantly while to light greyish sand-stone, roughly to very rough grained, circular,
lather loose, with good sirtation and thin lignilic bands.
T6   Consist of silt and lignite, soft to consolidation, frequently sandy.
T5   Consist of greyish green, consolidated, rich with fosi.
Based on borring los data with depth 112,83 - 207 m, No. 8027R, 8009R, 801OR, 8020R, 8028R and
8025R (Figure 4.6C), T5 consist of carbonaceus sandstone, sand-stone, silt and mud-stone with varied
thickness.
Seismicity in the proposed mining area and haul road to the PLTU site is considered verv small. According
to Indonesian Seismic Zone Map for the design of irrigal.;.. construction by Directorate General Irrigation,
Directorate of Water Resource, the study area has seismic designed acceleration (Ad) value of 73.69 gal
to 96.12 gal with seismic coefficient of 0.07 to 0.09 for cyclical period of 100 years.
(3)    SOIL
Based on regional land-use map of Kabupaten Tanah Laut (1: 100,000) the region has 3 type of soil,
Alluvial, Latosol and complex yelowish-red and lateristics Podzolic (Figure 4.). Alluvium occur in the
coastal plain physiography and river sediment flood plain with elevation between 1-15 m asl, with low
ground-water level, even flooding periodically or permanently. The alluvium sediment consist of soil type
Gley Humic, Gley Histic alluvial or Podzolic gleiic or Aeric Kanhapaquukt, enrich with organic materials and
Regosol grows from coastal sand with rough and loose texture. Latosol soil predominantly occur in the
northern and western part of Kabupaten with mountainous phyisiography, at 100 - 500 rn asl. In this area
Latosol type of soil, a tropical soil, red coloured with acidic and deep sollum, which is formed cause by
decay of sediment and intensive leachate of soil nutrients in the humid and high rainfall climate.
Between Meralus highland area and coastal plain, at elevation 25 - 100 m asl, occur yelowish-red and
latefitics Podzolic soil (Dudal Soepratohardjo, LPT, 1961) or namely Podzolic humic, characterised by low
resiliency to erosion, especially wih non existence of ground cover vegetation, acidic to very acidic consist
predominantly by low active clay, low capacity for cation irterchange (KPIK, low saturated base and with
high-very high changeable Al concentration.
EAAO4XAYWPRn 20ME.BWS                          BA-THE WEST AS SAM  COAL MINE DEVELOPMENT
SOUTH KAuMANTAN



4 -17
FIGURE 4.6A
MIOCENE STRATIGRAPHIC COWM IN ASAM-ASAM AREA
UNIT   LITHOLOGI                               DESCRIPTION
T - 8                                     OONGLOMERATEWSADSTONE
COARSE SANDSTONE, PEBBLY CONGLOMERATE, COAL
T-7 
NDDLE SEAM     FINE CLASTIC CARBONAEOLUS MUOSTONE
-- -:
T 5   =INE SUPIMET.ER SEAM
T-5~bUDI                             MAAM   NE CSEDCMENT. LNY AR



;/ vFIGURE 4.6B
-                 {                                                          E BORING LOCATION AT WEST ASAM-ASAM
- :              //        .j.. 20m      0S9m
I,~~~2
it                   ~~~~~~37Bm
M                                                                                       2 /J  .Om2r3m  .Om
2m ,"8008                               0g zm                ©
IZm              300.4m            6029 R       fSOm
0 *0rn 4;C-52Um                                     AAII                  2.3gm
hAlO ~~~~ S ~SIPO
>  )  !> 0   >     27ff10=m                og^^~~~~~~~AOE 33Om!  -;,DO                P60
09R                                                 7         ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~AS.09
.~~   ,~~~%%%  2Z.4?%aZ~L 2.3c    3dm   LAAO0  AA0$ P41 ~P.;'  ~1        ,
?19m9R /hv4 < ()  2.AA.03  2910 23        p0                                                        0    025  0.5   Q.75          1.2SK1
3r 1                         AA*O5                                                   204 31.31 d i A 8  nU  ISf LY
itOm   A    S. 4    p4A.P 3                                                                                                         4fseien   ft  mu  M
22      *~~~~~~               BOl2l4m    C3
(  Xl!t027         8  1,l%®e  4431il                                      x                                 NOTES
/lel4 \   /  1/   xna 170S  "  S                 ==                5                @~~~~~~~~~~~~~ BORING POINT AHDNUMBER
11  \   ~~~~~~-AA 02; AS.06                                                             AU  ^4 
n    \  11      .           _ 48                                                  _,  ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ROAD NEIWORK
it                                  P28                                      1111  1                                  STRIKEAHDSLOPE
cW  Ke Banjormo sin   11                      _    ^ Iso                   241       192
SllPANGSElPAr 4                                                                                             SOURCE  PT.FARUTOINFIDONESIA1990
PT. HUTAN ICN AP 
1~~~~~~~~~~~~81 Re                       6, ao  AUA
Q/,jpc 02  Rkl   el1 "l 1SA
sce~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~00 ICII 40c 4.5  A



T t;   T- S                                           - - --- -  - - -
'p                                            - -       -. ___ _  rr _              4. 19
*                  - -                                                 I.  on - pyrilis} Iuralene  beds
--Perl efloIduedj11CIIOb  Il, CI bfl,                                                     T -6
Poorlsynd'  leds*If*  worm burrows
Cool be'ds                             t T - r          cnel  o.sm
as 3
/ Possible T- T sequenso
;r Y /        I                   o.r,_~6SCAnp
31-55 ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~     ~    ~     ~    ~    ~    ~    ~ ~ ~ ~ -
L_   _ad ln                       -                                                         0.4l ouL
l. ~asone     .....    -tm                avt"        S sls
It v0             5    1.0.
~~~-_~~ ?*                                                                         a      i,:_- eu
ndel - -onf             r -   0.2m rot
1_ 1-z20m HO *steapOS                T - 6
/ O ASAM ASAM
,'            ~~~~T-8                                  Qa/ 
og                                                       LS Aur JA WA
~~~~~~~~~FIGURE 4.6C GEOLOGICAL MAPz OF WEST ASAM-ASAM
-'-,
NOTES
Oa       MARINE SEDIMENT
T5       LOWER MIOSEN
TS       MIDDLE MIOSEN
17       UPPER MIOSEN
0                                             TB   PLEISYTCENE
?-- FAULT
STRIKE AND SLOPE
°      I    2           4            6KM
SOURCE : PT. ARUTIN INDONESIA 1990



Figure 4.7  LAND
rABJPATD KOTA3&pJ
ah    1 3          6 KA
SCALE IM 100.O00                                UEN0AW
ORIENTATION MAP
/K.AUMAT
TANAMLAUT ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~     ~      ~     ~      ~     ~      ~     ~     ~    ~     ~    A   J   A
STUJYAREA                                                                                                                                    _



PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA                                                             4 .21
This type of soil predominanty characterised mainly the lower up-land area of Asam-asam basin, classified
as Podzolic Umbric (PPT, 1981) or Typical Haplohumul (USDA, 1990).
In the humid and high rainfall condition both Lalosol and Podzolic humic type of soil characterzed by high
potential leaching and low soil fertility, low nutrients and thin topsoil. Both type of soil characterized the
upland area of Asam-asam basin.
Base on detailed mapping for Asam-aam river basin by Sub-Directorate of Land Use South Kalimanlan
Province (Fgure 4.7P). The West Asam-asam mining site is characteried by Podzolic humic and the
south-eastern part by the Podzolic Gleiic soil. Soil condilion stated by PLN Study (1992) indicated of low
soil fertility, with low KPK (KPK < 16 me %), soil nutrients is leachated by percolated water indicated by
low KPK (IC, Ca', Mg', Na' changeable/KPK < 35 %). so that the application of fertilizer is not effective
since the leaching potential is high. Leachate of base compound is great, causing K, Ca, Mg contents very
low and low except for Na, which may affect deficiency of nutrienis (Ca, K, P) and Al poisoning condiion.
Soil (pH) reaction is very acidic (pH 42 - 4.7)and very much a constraint to land agriculture cullivation,
except for plants with high tolerance with acidic soil and Al poisoning even with relatively low crops. Top
soil is very thin with depth 3-4 metres. Base on those datas the land for the mining site is considered land
with low fertility and low potential for agriculture development.
(4)    LAND USE
A greater part of land use in Kecamatan Jorong and Kintap consist of 60 % dense forest and bushes,
mostly lies in the Norh and Central part of the Kecamatan, and small part of homogenous forest (Hutan
Sejenis) lies in the southem to the coastline area. Grassland (15 % of the area) predominantly covered
by sedge grass (alang-alang) lies in the westem and southern part of the Kecamatan, but mostly in the
Wertem palt of Kecamatan Jorong.
Plantation in both area are predominantly sugar-cane and rubber, with small part of cacao and rosella
plantation (15 %). Sugar-cane and cacao mostly found in Jorong, while rubber plantation is found around
Kintap. 5 % of land in Jorong and Kintap is use for 'legalan' (dry field. And within the tegalan area usually
is found settlements of dry-field workers, and other community setlements are found along the Asam-
asam and Kintap river. Figure 4.8 shows Kabupaten Tanah Laut land use map for kecamatan Jorong and
K(intap.
Seasonal rice-field are not many and commonly found along the rivers with sufficiently big flow such as
Asam-asam river, Kintap and Sabuhur. Swampland is approximately 5 % of area, mostly lies near Ihe
coastline area or the river flood plain.
BAWA40WPA Z7E oiP                              EIA-THE WEST ASAM-AWA COAL MINE DEVELOPMENT
SOUTH KAIJMANTAN



Lk~~~~~~~~~~~~Q A& '22
*  -3) 7K    W:'-a
f/s-Ca' it-^ wn Wom  r,qt,  GURE4.7A DETAILSOILE WESTASA-ASAM
i~~~~~~~~~~~~~~V jALLUVIUM
SOURCE:  StUB. DlOIRECOA OF LAND USE DIRECTORATE AGRARIA



FIGURE 4.8 LAND - USE MAP                                              ,
-k.~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~-
III                           .,..SIflA.              .
\ N R h   ¶i C O . O O O     , VS,. . M J A                          /
-A'~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~- -.TlgSa FllCl>
ORIENTA11OkA
- -'KAIL9ATB4bO~E   e____ ,4ANQMWAMP
}'~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~5t~                    : i tJC1ATTA A4  TAIW   fq^
3 A N : * B i zAAAI



PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA                                                            4 24
According to the Kabupaten land use map, the West Asam-asam proposed mine sile mostly indudes in
the forest and schrub land use. However, presently the area has already selectively logged with
remmnants of thin uneconomic trees left. About 30 % of the area toward the provincial road are grassland.
4.3    HYDROLOGY/GEOHYDROLOGY
(1)    DISCHARGE AND FLOW PATrERN
The Asam-asam river flows from the North to the South and further into the sea, begining from Rangkan
and Nayah rivers. The two rivers meet exactly below the Asam-asam bridge to the North of Jorong-Kinlap
highway, to become Asam-asam river.
The Asam-asam river tributuaries are small rivers, even dendritic with small catchment, namely Sungai
Rumbai, Baru, Kallis, Prumpung, Kudung, Kudung, Katuang and Hantu, flow from the eastern side of the
Asam-asam river, while Sungai Pinang and Kudek flow from the westem side of ihe river. The first 4
tributuaries of the Asam-asam river flows from the West Asam-asam proposed minesile. The proposed
mining houl road will pass through these tribuluaries rivers (Figure 4.9).
The upstream valley of the Rangkan and Naiyah river is widening and becoming close to the U-shaped,
with paralels flow pattern. In the downstream, especially in the flat area and soft sediment material the
river is growing the lateral slicing abilty and meandering deeply.
The catchment area of the Rangkan and Naiyah river cover approximately 600 Kme area, starting in the
Meratus foothill. Flow discharge at the Rangkan and Naryah intersection, measured 21.2 m3/sec. Wth the
high rainfall condition and the intensive felling of forest in the upstream, the river flow pattern will be
changing fairly rapidly with higher frequency of flood, flood level and erosion. According to villagers in the
Asam asam village, the highest flood level wihin 50 years is 3 meters, dose to the flood elevation of 4.8
meters.
The village community are intensively utilized river water for domestic use, i.e., drinking, bathing, washing
and toilets. Despite the domestic use, the rivers especially the Asam-asam river are also utilized as river
for timber logs and transportation from the forestry estate and sawmill in the upstream. They usually use
motorboat, sailing motorboat or 'longkang' and the rvers also being utilized as log's floating storage area
prior to be processed in the sawmill.
KWAhOWWP.R2 207E.S                             EIA-1HE WEST ASAMA   COAL MINE DEVELOPMENT
SOUTH KAEJMANTAN



I  ~~~~~~~~~~~IUE4.                         C
-~~%         Il- ___ __    e   _ _ _ _ _       /  _______
_     _                       \. g      ;h@  *e"Jk J m  1AS-M  RIVERIBUTUARIES
.                                         2KM
|~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~WSAA AA   COALDEOSIT



PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA                                                                       4 .26
(2)    EROSION AND SEDIMENTATION
The West Asam asam proposed mine sie are rolling lopography, conFined within the small part of Ihe
Asam asam river cathment area and could only contributed to the Asam asam river sedimentatlorVerosion
level through several small tribuluaries of the Asam-asam river, Rumbal, Baru, Kallis and Prumnpung rivers.
These rivers are small rivers and even some of them are dendrkic wihin small and limited catchment, so
that their contribution to the Asam-asam river eroslorVsedlmenlation level are relalively very small
compared lo erosion from Rangkan and Nalyah river or the overall Asam asam river catchment area.
Turbidity value based on suspended solid measuremant al the Asam asam river Is high varies within Ihe
range oF 60 - 520 mg/I (Table 4.4A and 4.48).
Table 4.4A    Tuibidity and Sediment Content
Turbidity Level (nr.gklter)
No.       A      B        C       Locaion                          Remarks
1.        60      70      63      Naiyah River                     lose lo seedlihg localton
2.        125    145      155     Nalyah Rrer                      Murungganring Village
3.        138    142      134     Rangkan River                   Fantaubujur Village
Asam-asam Village
4.        180    133      148     RangkanRnrer vruJgaberang Village
5.        150    122      140     Asam-asam River                 Jembalan Panjang down-stream
6.        230    222      180     Asan-asam River                 Uu iage
,.        170    182      242     Asam-esam River                 PLTU, Sungubau Vige
Asam-asam Village
8.        480    520      420     Asamwasam River                 Kp. Tanah Abang
9.        230                     Muara Asam-asam                 DugweDl
10.       135                     Simpang 4, Asam-sam             Dugwell
11.       122                     Simpang 4, Asam-asam            Dugwell
12.       112                     Simpang4,Asam-asam              Dugwell
13.       104                     Sau                             Setilng pond, sbck pile
14.       80                      Muara Satui                     PIT IV Blok VMil
Notes     A =    Riverleftbank
B =    Middle of stream
C =    River right bank
(from down-stream to up-stream)
WAA4&WPR.20E.8s                                     EBA-THE WEST ASAMASAM COAL MINE DEVELOPMENT
SOUTH KAUJMANTAN



PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA                                                               4 .27
Table 4.4B      Erosion Level
Mine Area                              Eroslon Level         ErDslon Level )
(tontyr)             (toniblyr)
Undulating Part                        11,21                 12,d
Flat Area                              11,21                15,4
) : Analysis. calcllalbon
The data shows that the sedimentation level of the Asam asam river catchment ar.a are still below the
standard maximum waler quality limit required for the important photosynthesis process for phytoplankton.
However, as has been discussed in Ihi previous paragraph, the soil around the proposed project location
has a potential for hign erodibility and leachate, so thal il Is still important to take precaution for erosion
potential for proposed mining activity and haulroad constructioni which passed through the tributuaries.
Estimation of erosion level using USLE Method (A = RKLSCP) assumed mine site location condition as
follows:
-      Assumed erodibility ox rain water factor based on everage annual rainfall is R=400.
-      Assumed soil erodibility factor, will sandy-clev, plastic, with sorme textured organic malerial
K=0.46.
-      Assumed Land revegetation and utilization factor of forest, bushes and sedge grass, CP=0.3.
Calculation concludes as follows:
For undulalion area, slope 2 % - 15 % average 7 %, Erosion Level can reach A=82.8 tonnef.ha/yr.
For flat plain with maximum slope 2 %, Erosion Level A=1 5.4 tonnp/haIyr.
Overall condition of the area is higher than allowable erosion level.
(3)    GROUND WATER
The shallow ground water occur in the area is irn the sandy clay deposition band between Middle Miocene
and Upper Miocene Sediment, so that has low potential.
BAWAAWAWP.R2. 207E EE                            ElA,THE WEST ASAMUASM COAL MINE DEVELOPMENT
SOUTH KALIMANTAN



PT. AUTMIN INDONESIA                                                              4 .28
The quantity of shallow ground water condition In the area around the project is quite limiled, aithough
during long drought, the water dries-up from 4-6 meters in the village settlemenis dug well with static water
surface level of 3 meters below Ihe ground.
The dugwell water quantity Is better to the south of nine site near the Asam-asam village and to the
coastal zone. The water level Is 4 meters below the ground with static water level d 2 meters and
conductivity 1,290 limhos. In the coastal zone near the Asam-asam river and close to village chief office
the conduclivity is 69.9 Itmhos with depth 4 reters and stalic water level of 2 meter. The dugwell waler
is hardly used by the people for domestic use, they mostly use river water for domestic activity.
Boring Log data for coal exploilation by ARUTMIN indicating the availability d fairly productive pressured
ground water aquiphere at upper Miocece Sediment (T7) sloping 20.300 to the South, consist of
unconsolidated sand-stone with permeability around 10 - 1  un CM/sec and covered by silt and clay-stone.
While al Lower Miocene (T6) predominantly clay and sill-stone permeabilily is low 10  - 1O' cmnsec
(Figure 4.10).
The productive aquiphere is Pliocene Sediment (TB), predominantly sand-stone could produced discharge
Q = 240 tVmin. (ANDAL PLTU - Banjarmasin, 1993).
Deep ground water condition in the area can be concluded as follows:
-     Aqiphere with medium productivity occur in Pliocene sediment (T8) and Upper Miocene (T7), wilh
discharge less than 300 Itmin.
Aqiphere with Lower productiviy occur in Middle Miocene (T6), discharge less than 300 I/min.
-     Deep ground water aquphers is hardly found at Lower Miocene (T5).
(4)    WATER QUALIlY
a.    Asam-asam Watershed
In determining the water quality stalus and pollution level of the Asam-asam watershed samples
from 8 (eighq stations are taken and tested: Naiyah river (Sation 1, 2), Rangkan river (Station
3.4), Asam-asam river (Station 5,6,7 and 8). The status is determined based on Storet, US-EPA
Method, for parameters in each station, which has already beyond the maximum standard limit
for speciric utilization of water:
Class B    for Raw Water for Drinking Water
Class C: for Fisheries
Class D : for Agriculture
e8XWM&WPAo2. 2D7EBB                            EBA-THE WEST ASAM-ASAI COAL MNE DEVELOPMENT
SOUTH KALIMANTAN



-29
#~~YRGOOIA MAP WEST ASAMASA
_.0___  .  B_  ._  _  ... .... .. __ _ .OTE
CE)                _                    _EDIUM _ROCUClIVIlY *O I_HERE * LTyECS
_ _ _      L   _ _    _   __  _ -  _   - -   Jr  _   _ _   _   __o
kM              LOW ----ABIU1 -F   , iPh_ _go
,#                \' zVa                            ,            ,      -~I 
SC-- - _AVASE
_~~~~~~~FGR 4. _0
____~ ~ ~~YROELOIA MA WES ASMAA
NOTES
_.__~IEIM RDCTV7 Af  HEE(LTSC
f ~~~~O  PRDCA  A_IHR
2g                 K
2                                                    LO AV__BT OF _A . __IPHEF- --JVASE



PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA                                                                  4 .30
Appendix 2, Table 1 to 8 shows river water qualihy (Station 1 to 8) compared lo Class B water
standard for raw water and drinking water. In all samples from 8 stations E. Coli and Coliform are
not satisfying all Standard Qualiy. In the downstream flow of the Asam-asam river (Staf on 6, 7
and 8), despite of bacteria, DO (Dissolved Oxygen)and Phenol also are not satisfying the Class
B Standard (Table 4.5).
Table 4.5 River Water Ouality Parameters Status, Exceeding Class B Standard
Statiol I   Parameter Exceeding Class B Standard   Score)       Water Quality
No.
1     E. coll, Coltorm                           - 30        Average
2     E. coil Colilomm                           - 30        Avrage
3     Phenol, E. coil, Coltorm                   - 38        Poor
4     E. coil, Colform                           - 30        Average
5     DO, E. coli, Coliform                      - 40        Poor
6     DO, Phenol E. coli. Collorm                - 50        Poor
7     DO, H2S, Phenol, E coli, Coiform           - 60        Poor
a     TDS. DO, Phenol. E. cog, Coliorm           - 53        Poor
Sea Station Location Table. Chapter I, Table 1.2
Based on Storet. US-EPA Mefod (Canter, 19771, Excellent = 0. Good = -1 to -10, Fair = -11 to -30. Poor
= less thn -31.
High level of bacteria occurance in all Asam-asam river watershed is caused by extensive use of
nver for domestic avtivities, while the source of phenol compound at the downstream area, comes
from remnnants and waste from wood-work and sawmnill activities, mostly located in the Asarn-asam
river bank area. The low level of DO at the downstream Station (6-8), 4.2 - 4.6 ppm, may be
affected by toxic influence of phenol to the aquatic biota, causing incieasing oxygen demand by
the organism.
In general, status of waler quality ambient of Asam-asam river (Station 5 - 8) is considered poor
for raw waler and for drinking water (Class B), Naiyah river is average and Rangkan between
average to poor. The data shows that water quality is decressing to the downstream.
Table 9 to 17 in Appendix 2, shows data of Asam-asam river watershed (Station 1 to 9) compared
lo water Quality Standard Class C. for fisheries. Samples in all statons show nitrite, sulfide and
zink concentration which are not satisfying the standard quality for fisheries, except for estuary
area (Station 9), where sulfide concentration is satisfying the standard quality (Table 4.6).
BAVffiA4AWA2.207E sus                              EA-THE WEST ASA-ASAM COAL MINE DEVELOPMENT
SOUTH KAIJMANTAN



PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA                                                                      4 31
Table 4.6   River Water Quality Parameter Status, Exceeding Class C Standard for Fisheries
Parameter Exceeding                  Score )           Water
Slation No.                  Class C                                          Quality
1      NO,. H,S, Zn                                        -30           Moderate
2      pH, NO,,H,S, Zn, NH,                                -so             Poor
3      NO,. H,S. Zn, Fenol, NH,                            - 50            Poor
4      pH, NO,, H,S, Zn, NH,                               o50             Poor
5      pH. NO,, H,S, Zn. Fenol. NH,                         58             Poor
6      NO,. H,S, Zn, Fenol. NH,                            -50             Poor
7      NO,. H,S. Zn, Fendo, NH,                            -50             Poor
8      TDS, NO., H,S. Zn, Fenol, NH,                       - 55            Poor
9        TSS, NO,, Zn
Base on Sloret, US-EPA (Canter. 1977)
Score cannot be calculated, since analysis is conducted only for one (1) Water sample
In general, river water quality at Asam-asam watershed are not satisfying for fisheries. except for
upstream Naiyah (Station 1) with fair status quality. High concentration of sulfide comes from
anaerobic dissociation of organic matters deposited in the river-bed.
Analysis of Water Quality Status of the Asam-asam river watershed (Station 1 to 8) for Class D
vwater for agriculture is shown in Appendix 2, Table 18 to 25. The water quality status of the
Asam-asam river walershed is clssified as good to excellent for agriculture utilization (Table 4.7).
MDS concentration and conductivity value very high in station 8, is probably affected by sea water
tidal influence which still occur during sampling (10.00 PM).
Table 4.7 Water Quality Parameter Status, exceeding Class D Standard for Agriculture
Station     Paramneter Exceedng aass D             Score )             Water Qualiy
1                                                  0                   Excellent
2                                                   0                  Excelent
3                                                   0                  Exceflent
4      *                                            0                  Exceltent
5      -                                            0                  Excelent
6      pH                                          - 2                   Good
7      -                                            0                  Excellent
8      TDSdanCondudivit                           -10                    Good
4)       Based on Storet US-EPA Method (Canter, 1977)
Not being compared with standard, since sea water
BOWA"o4&WP2. Z07E sOs                               EBA-THE WEST ASAM4AM COAL MINE DEVELOPMENT
SOUTH KALIMANTAN



PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA                                                                           4 .32
Table 4.8 illustrated data pollution indicator of the Asam-asam river watershed comprising,
nutrients, organic matte.s and diversity of aquatic organism (plankton & benthos), compared to
pollution level criteria. In all station organic matters concentration (nitrate + nitrite + amnonia). orto-
phosphate and total phosphate indicating high value and satisfying the ambient criteria for polluted
water body.
Table 4.B   Pollution Level Based on Nutrients, Organic Matteis and Organism  Diversity
Parameter *)I.O. ")                          I.D. ")   I.D. ^
Sidon                                                       Simpson    Simpson   Shannon
NO +NO,+   N Total    PO,    P Totl      BOD       PhyloD       Zoo      - Wiener
NH,          '                                  PlarDnon    Plankton   Benihos
1       (0.124)    0,271   (0,077)  (0,337)    3,533      0,664       0,659
2       (0.190)     0.45    (0,137)  (0.354)    3,293     0,447       0,800      0,231
3       (0,220)    0.322   (0.1211 (0,2481    3,267       0,674        0,728       0
4       (0.197)    0.368   (0,126)  (0.314)    2.270      0,766       0,693      0.231
5       (0,244)    0.316   (0,108)  (0.342)   (7,667)     0,677        0,770     0.462
6       (0,368)    (1.549)  (0,136)  (0,328)  (13,133)    0.618        0,824     0.231
7       (0,398)    0,898   (0,122)  (0,2891   (11,90)     0,498        0,838       0
8       (,33)    (2.278)  (0,118)  (0,499   (14,215)      0,788        0,562
9       (0,33q     0,341   (0,145)  (0,280    (13,20)     0,781        0,198     0,673
Notes: (-) Satisfying pollution criteria
"    NOC,NOC4NH,       s 0.2rNW      1) ID)c.6   = heavly polluted       "'  c1.0 =hlumlplled
N Tatil        :    1.2 nVl        1.0 - 0.648 * meksn poluted         1.0-1.5S   . mnp:kd
PO.       :       s 0.005 mg       ID > 0.1    igt* pol*                 1AO =S s* rpotl=ed
P Toal         : s QC.3 mgl                    - uIkohAed                a 20  urpluLted
BOD            : s6.0 mngl
(Wetiel 1983A Olt 197Ua Lea. 1979o)                                        pdufL 1975)
In the downstream (Sation 5 lo 9) river water has been polluted by organic matters, inclcated by
BOD level > 6.0 mgIl. Plankton Index Diversity QD) indicated that ID value for phytoplankton and
zooplanklon is around 0.6 - 0.B, while for benthos in all Station is < 1.0. Based on those data, can
be conduded that the water in the Asam-asam river watershed is polluted at average to heavy
level d pollution.
b.      Wel Water Quality
Data and analysis of water quality status for (3) three villagers dugwell at Simpang Empat, Asam-
asam village (Station I 0, 11 and 12) is shown in Appendix 2, Table 26. The data indicates that
pH, DO, E. Coli and Coliform bacteria are not satisfying quality standard for clean B water
(Permentes, 1990). With score 40 the dugwell water status is classifed as poor for daily domestic
use and drinking water. pH value is low, around 4.0 - 5.3, this will affect increasing sulfide toxicity.
hWAo4AWPRto2 207E Bes                                   EA-THE WEST ASAM-ASM COAL NNE DEVELOPMENT
SOUTH KAIJMANTAN



PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA                                                              4 33
Table 4.9 shows the nutfient and organic matters as indlcators for water pollution level. The data
indicates that the organic matters concentration is low, in contrary the nutrient level (nitrite s
nitrate 4 ammonia), ortophosphate and total phosphate is high, so that it can be concluded Ihe
dtgwell water Is poluted or euthrophic.
Table 4.9 Dug Well Pollution Level, Based on Nutrients and Organic Matters
Stalion No.    NO3 + NO, + NH,     N Total      PO,      P Total     BOD
10             (0.299)          <.e.32     (0.080)    (0.270)     2.20
11             (0.290)          0.344      (0.058)    (0,280)     3.20
12             (0.338)          0.540      (0,060)    (0,320)     3.20
Remarks: (-) Sasfying the Pollution Criteria
4A    FLORA AND FAUNA
(1)    VEGETATION
The proposed project area consist of several category of vegetation, from secondary forest to grassland
(alang-alangAhatch-grass) and the location is within the boundary area of PT. Hutan Kintap HPH
concession area ( SK. HPH NO. 550/KPTS/UM11 011977). The area has already selectively logged under
HPH agreement. In the future the HPH righl is planned to be converted into HTI (Hutan Tanaman
Indonesia) a different type of forestry right and a more industrious forest estate cukivation management
compared selective felling of trees. The species of trees to be cultivate under this agreement is 'Albasia'
(Albizia falcataria). The future logging road is now stif covered by grassland (thatch-grass) area and
bushes.
The land-use of the area, other than secondary forestalrid grassland and shifting cultivation ('ladang
berpindah) and gardens (pekarangan). The condition and composkion of vegetation at different type of
land-use location can be described as follows:
BAWA40WPRO. 207E S                              EIATHE WEST ASAMSAM COAL MINE DEVELOPMENT
SOUTH KAIUANTAN



PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA                                                            4 -34
a.    Secondary Forest
Field investigation and data inventory of forest vegetalion indicaled 1 12 species of vegetation from
the seedlings to Iree class. Respectively, the 'tree class' consist of 32 species of trees (dia,,> 35
cm density 12.5 trees/Ha, important value index 42.42 %), with the dominant species is 'Kurikas'
(Shoresa lanalata) or white dove, followed by 'Sumpang' (Gluta rengas) (important index 20.20 %,
density 625 treeslH/a). 55 'pole class' species ave found with dominant species is 'Masira'
(Drypetes globosa) from the family of Euphorbiaceae (important value index 29.74 %, density 70
trees/Ha), followed by 'Kurikas' (important value index 22.66 %, density 45 trees/Ha). 54 species
for 'bella class' with dominant species 'Markoongan' (Hlbiscus sp.) important value index 18.316
%, density 2,125 trees/Ha, while in the 'seedling dass' the dominant species is 'Kurikas putih'
(Neonauclea calycina, Merr) important value index 12.7 %, density 1.625 trees/Ha.
From the 112 species, 9 species has commercial value and around 7 species is protected when
reaching certain diameter. 'Ulin' (Eusideroxon zwager) is commerdally used for roof by local
people and 'Kerning' (Dipterocarpus gracilis) is in 'tree' and 'pole class' used for construction
malerial.
However, 'Ulin' has been hardly found in the area, even in 'seeding' stage in all sampling plot the
frequency only 5 %, with density 125 seedling/Ha, while in 'bella' frequency 25 % with density
1 00/Ha. 'Kerning' was not found at 'tree class', frequency in sampfling plot is 15 % density 25 Ha.
while in 'belta dass' the frequency is 25 %, and 'seedling' 10 %.
Based on the above condition can be conduded the mining site area has not been commercially
potential, since species with commercial value has already been imballance.
Accorcring to London in (Bemard, 1950), in forming the potential tree revegetation it is required
300 trees at bela class/Ha or 60 % its initial precenlage, while at 'seedling' dass the initial
precentage has to be 40 %, 'pole' class 75 % or 80 pole/Ha. in the area the commercial young
trees occurance less that the above mentioned requerements.
Forest revegetation composition condition in the mining site area is presented in Table 4.10.
b.    Schrub and Bushes (Planned Coal Haul Road Area)
The vegetation condition in this 5 km proposed area for haul road area is rather poor. The
estimate indicated 7 species at 'tree class' with dominant species 'Bintangor' (Callophylum
dasypodum), important value 66.51 % and density 50 trees/Ha Followed by 'AJia'ban' or 'Laban'
(Vitex pubescens), important value of 63.799 %, densiy 50 trees/Ha
E6AWAA*W'P. R02. 207EB9S                       BA-THE WEST ASAM-ASM COAL MINE DEVELOPMENT
SOUTH KAUMANTAN



T&W 4.1 0
Fored Vagaigion Composftbn &I Proposed Wed Asam-um Mine Ske
No.           Lad PA"                 oxxvcd mam                        IMFDRTANTVALUE                                    TREE
-- T,"-        Pdo       abu      sft*q              or       F              Do      OR       0      Or                      00      OR      0      Cl                     Do                                       Ft
I       AUMWW                    ftlum hyftmpcdo             13.30                                      3.15,  4,348    0.15   4,54S    0.51   4.40
Diaw-agmwpw                             228                                                                              5   CASS   0,050   1.041   0,325   0.30
3                                                                                   z  ,                 1,
    I.  ,    O. PabqLam Mancha N  4, rd  5.4  03  449  05  5  25   I'M  10   1,709   0,100   LOW    1.400   1,573    a    0.619   alow     on 
4                                 ONCO'PA WI"                4.00         UZ                                                                                   0.655   Goo   1,041   13n    IAZZ
....-.- .    m *            4.36                             1,29                                                                                                                                                    la    0.92    00       an
so mgdwq                 A                           0618                                                                                                                                                                                     I=   %m    GA  4JNI
6.09'                                                           0. 65i   0.050   1.041   O.-2i   O.We
shm   bftltk                                     lov        7,176                                                        5   OW      O.O'A   1.041   1,42S   I,M      700   4.00    OM      4.122   IW)   T.=       Im     
,?I?    0,15   Z460
I       &U111411                  Omathiftepcpdmm                                   1.8?       3,05                                                                                                      29   01819   0,051)  aies   tim    0.121    irs   1.415        CLI   Cm
0 .     WA                                                                                     1.16                                                                                                                                                    250   O"       GA       GA2
26'                                               440    0.05   1.515   0.1si   1,312
Mm 4L                      4                                          1 X   1,
Dow                            day       vsi         7.52         2.4       2,02                 ES   LM        0.01    3,03   0,226   1,W        5   C.$53   0.010   1.041   k425   O"         M    0,819   CJMO   MM    UN    CZU
Dam  WA                           demboAdn           9.83                                        LS   ZM        0.01    3.03   0,40    J,30
14.   Owalwah                     MON NL                                   7,31                                                                            IS  &VA  OjC*  2,N3  U25  L651  40  IAN   kW   OM   Mm  2=
15 .     own mqn                  shm   PWW*k                 4.46                                              1.4
     0,05'  1,515'  0215   1.516
I                                 AMWM  eMab KOM                          134        452        1.2v                                                       21   3.41;   0. I 11'  3,1   &I      IJ '    'a                                              125   U72    OAS    OA
O 'S W"A'                shcm v.                                2.92                                                                             5  O.W  O.;W                            ?O          '.VP  0.100  IAW  3-Wo  3=
IT:                                                                                                -                                                                            1.041   0.134   1.016
to       DAA                      Eug-   gm                   iza        21.06       321        3.05     A?3   4.340    0.15   4,54S   W?   1717           40   4,83?   0.400   8, W    C22S   3.80      ZO   0.519   0.4110   Q.W    0.150   IAM       315   1.415     W     ime
W        Dim  won"                Divpmnw                                 3.0                                                                              10   1,ne   0.050   1.041   0,050   1,135
20,      STVA  Wau                 AV-Wawv.                                2,53     19JO        1.4                                                         6   OASS   0.050   IA41   OAM    1.135   10    UN    0230   4LW           U40   E422    NS   US            OA    4.111111
21.      GeV                       a-fg"m *                                2'm                                                                              5   OASS   0,050   1.041   C'mo   1.016
22.      NW*"                      Pamn bxwpLo                15.68        4612                          3.TS   4,346    o6is   4,w    o.994   ikm         ic   %ne   Oco   Z063   E450   Z=
23.      Neu                       afaywa mcrv=                                      4.54                   -       -       -       -       -                                                            0    ixm    olloo   IAR    I"         1.040
24       Jaing"                    POWCOOLM *                  6,21        3.se                          1,25   1.449    0.05   1.515   0.319   U46         5   OAU    0,050   1.04;   .4a    1.703
as.      jam                       rmtrq-  sp.                             2,40                                                                             5   OAS   0.050   1.041   015M    ks?
26.      iewsan                   sexam  P         I                       30                                                                              10   l.nD   G.M      IA41   OJW    OAM
2?.      49efflow                  To""    BP.                                       2.51                                                                                                                      OA19   0.050   am      tm      0.71511
28.      4onou                    Corbow ft *Wm                                      4.14       129                                                                                                            lim     0.103   w       1240   1251    izs   0.472    an        CIO
20,      Jmi am                   poo-Pwsp                                 3.87                 3.63                                                        5   OAS   O.M       1,041   0,330   IJ72                                                    SW    fw        OLI   Cm
30.      irw                      X#MqXMW  FW&tdnIM                                  3.76       Ul                                                                                          -            20' OAID   OM        OA$   LMO   LMI    375   1.415    0615   Z4511
31.      4zuninum                 F'xws sp                                           9.23       %63                                                                                                      00   3,U1   0,150   &M       3.00    3.=      IM     VII       03   4AII
32       Jar-tlwrq                PmM*W3bm mmAdo                                                129                                                                                                                                                           k472    *0       OA2
33:      Jd nfflm                 GOLUNSP                                                                                                                                                                                                              11,215  t472    00      OR
34       4wbkorhm                                                                    2,52'
x .      Kato                                                42,42       22,011      132       1,211i    12,5'  14.
      0,5'  ikis'  IAI
   1Zli        AS   1.612   0,350   72M    145   rSM          10   32n    0.130   2.M      3240   32M        125   0.472    an      m
3,24                                                                             5   O.ISS   OAO   IA41   1.125   I-W
37:                               Eupm(N)
31                                Oftt)ft? LOW-  R            3.79                                       fln    1,449    0.05   1.515   0.118   0.12;
K"m                                                                                               5   SW        0.15   ASO    1,131   1.91       10   I.?W    0,100   ZM       1.413   I.M                                                     125   4
472    90      OA
A*-PA 
*p                  10,31        1.64
40.                               Fkw                         4..C422                                    12S   1,449    0.05   1.51S   OAVS   1.453
41.      Kinni                    C&WlLrnco,.u                                                           I A    1.40     0.05   1,515    0.15   1.057                                                                                                   125   0.02    00       wa
a .      KiwAubmA                 PMN- w              HaoLl   4.46         k14                           1,2S   1,440    0.06   1,511   0,215   1.515
43.      Kg*"                      romrA* co"                 4,42                                       1,n    1,449    0.05   1.515   0,=     1,453
44.      KRY bAriwq               eamm"Stm am                 3.79         Z53                  Z51      125   1.440    0,05   1,515   0.117   O,ga                                                                                                                           IAM
46.      Kqy                      Dwf.%W COMII FLA           17.09                                         5   61?9?      0.2   4061   olm      5.66
48.      VRuHmm                   c4ft *                      4.02                                       1.25   1.440    0.05   1,513    0.15   1.057
47.      win                      DIx*-TLdPwm                             0,53      15.44       Z56                                                       25   4213   0.150   3.125   XIIS   3,436   120   4MG   OM*   4.629   LM             $,0114    250   O"        ki   Is*
HOW  Sp                                 7.87      All                                                                   15   2,564   0,150   Va    1.82S   2.111    GD   z4w    tiso   2.m          xm     Lw
: :      K-'*"V'                 ft&* *                                   &SS                   3,53                                                       5   O,SS6   klia   3.125   0
=       0.657                                                   SW    liw       ILI   VAX
I        K"l                      FAM  Vi"                                L40        5.46                                                                  I   QSSS   0.050   1.041   0.425   OM         0    Z454   0,100   IJ5Z   1,10    1.110
51:      Wm""                     Aksm  ip                                2,n       15.50       SIX                                                        5   O.US   0.00    1.041   0.325   OMI   140   AW          d,=     SN      LAD   3.3111   1290   4.711    lti   IAN
$2.      vaalm                    ovnwwo                                   k32                  2,71                                                       1 0   InO   0.050   1.041   L150   LM                                                        SM    IA7    
A        OR
$3,      "    bim                 En**~          r&Wmm                               2,51       3.53                                                                                                     20   0,119   ILOSO   am      ftm     O.w       Sao   I w       CLI   IAN
$4.      Kite"&                   phtacdakn NVAIIUM                                  6164                                                                                                                40   IS*    061CO   IAW    3.120   U41
$6.      mmao                                                                        1,117
54.      C-r
                     OW  Sp                                 4.194                                                                             I c   i,ne   Ooso   im       i2co   i.434    2o   Ogig   tago   OM         1120   0.121
57.      Tamp                     AMMPA "So"                             Z314                                                                              5   0.05   0.=    1.041   0.350   9,419
so.      Ong kam                  dtta sp                                 Z404                                                                              5   01855   closo   1.041   0.4a    tsm                                                     125   0.472    0 05    an
50.      Am                       L**    SWUM                                                  1.m                                                                                                                                                      125   0.472    GAS    CJR



Table 4.10 poarlm)
NO.          LOW Namhn  NWte                                           IMPOROIANTVALUE                                  FTIEEt                                           POOR           De   DR aSTAO                                                     a  esop
so  ua             AuIOfl*9111                  .~~~~~~~~~hei  al     ift                                                                                                                 a    on        .w oaw                aD
so.      Kwgdan                    .                                                 174 3       )0                                                                                                       a1   tm1      s.0    aie      134   tAt
so.      Kcna                      aaa fla                                    .      2= .23     29                                                                                                             UIO    0.05   Os    tis    0.641
6o.      Kwmfl                     Wdi .  d                                          2.21                                                                                                                 U0   0.13    O.K5   am        GM    am
II.      Kiru haa-                 ASSfQ,u31.                                 .                 II3                                                                                                                                                             L113    02   2277
a2.      King .M ia    a                                                                                                                                                                                                                                200   noM        CIi    I
04       LmgE#u4.6                                                         3.07                          1 25   1.440    0.05   1,511     006   104         1 055        05    01iAi7
85.  Lam        Vepemma                                ~~~~    ~    ~~~~~~~~~~~3.41  .  1,16                                            to   urn0     us0   1.041      0,6   0.)11                                                   U       .6      01      .
65.                                                                         "I~~~~~~~~~3  .                                                                                         N  0113  0.0  156  0,61M6   No  is   ILI  IN
67.      LUflaJ                                                                                                                                                                                           N    UtII    0.05   056    0.6  tIA
U.        sqaD n178                                                         3         3            .UP  I-      1,797     0,2   1,061    0.82   S,M7      tO   1.709      0.1   2.02      3      US10    'W    eno       a.i   OM       to    5.0111
P.       it bum                    A6Md  mm aM r$  ta           .42        4.91      I.            .       8    15       0,05   1,515   020     1.413       1   0.05     0.05   1.041    0.85   1.016
?0.       Mawr                     Thwa  oes Pssim            3.1`9      21174       126        1.20     Ii    1.44    0.06   1,511   0.117   0.0          70   slimi     G4   8,33       1,9   1441    C0   1,3         01 122         tm       S      ii 00          u  
71        manIrtatu.                                                       ILKM      9152       1.6                                                       a5   1.173      02   UKa    455    5327         U    3.271     0.2   3.M102     2.1           inC    0 M 2.   U       m
13.      Mam    j                                                 . S     aim                   us                                                              Ogan    aceS  1.01   as         o2u                                                     125   tea      at    an
I'S.                      T"T"YaTrogisrn"e1                       2.4                  3.05                                                        5 *1s0.05   1.041    OR  0.10.53                                                            3I   1.415      ii1   IAS
6.  Smg" mS                   tbsp SP3.03                                       13,91                                                                  S   045 0 0.05  1,04         0.95   1.125   120   4.511      02   &702      L24   1234
77.  Matamipi  I~~~~~~~~~~~saap          .        4*            . ~~~~~~~ 4.46                                                     10   1.701    0II    Low3      15   00        to    132       0.3   US5    LS    1.94        no    is        ILI   Is
16.  MatSang  Akwiemmw     .       2.67         .                                                                                                      N    0.110    105   05        1.12    1,13~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~20 U19 0.5    AS 1,2  .1
.      .        *7~~~to                                                                                                            20   OlSI    0.05   "O9    0.92   0.721
To.      sagMarnalnflI23                                                                         2                                                                                                        N    023       .5    .0       1.32   1.24      2I  01412    OA5    63
SI.   Margmin                      Lumpfsbd                                                     13.                                                                                                                                                                    u    o
82.   Maai                        iMwqAbup4r~ G .                                                                                                                                                                300. 3.9n                                              iR12  i92t    iSZ
04.      PaNutS                    mraoeinuta                               .4       49        1                                                            5   0.865    0.05   1.041   0.375   0.441    20   Ull1   OM0    0,3         2.5   2342    11i5   0.41      OA      CM
55.      ftSlNWi                   PO"  p                                   2.4         -                                                                   5   0.055    0,06   1.041   0.42    0.5016
as.  ft"""  mwwr~~~~    3.07       2,03                                                                  5   OXG    0,05   1.041    1.05   1.2n ~~~~~  a    Oaug     0,05  0Cm$    an6   6,42XI,                     16      O
87 .     PuS haRt                  Ii m rb.2.22                                                 2.22                                                                                                      a0   tm1      c0   iDAN       a.u   e5        tS   te4a      uA    0o2
a        p UII                                                                       4.31       1334                                                                                                            x         .     AZ      G     U          z      .7       0       i
U.   Ruapl                                                                           15         1.27                                                                                                      a0  Ois   OASmm11.251I 12 1.11116               NtC           aien
go.      SwpgWrf2 02                                                                 sit.3      lit      525   l.a       0.1$   4345   1.1ff   0429                                                            i         O     I          A      i      1      04      OAR
O,1.     Sa*umEcSa          ~       i       W Hsn             12.54       12.41      4,74       1,76     3,15   4,548    0,11   4545   0,511   3.247      NO   3419       0.2   4.1K6     ki    4.1111    60   ISg       0.1   iSAI     .29   2.5       S    nO"    IS         an
go.      stares                    SMntvJd B"                 4,48        3,120      3221      1.703     IA2   1,440    0.05   13511   0.215   1.111        S   v.055a   0.05   1.041   O.M     1205    20   0.813    0.05   CAN6    Ii.    153    250   ass    OA0            0ie
U.  Ohmnrg                Ciweiri~~aum nowffvgbnm   .Il                                   .                                                        I0    OAS    0.05   1,041   020    0.2W
94.                                                                                                                                                                                                      20mo.-  l      OEtO    OA0    GM6    012   0.121
16.  kmCk 5                         balovgflVA                                             In                                                                                                                                                       12S    MM2      A      032
01.      Tinpe                     Atnu                       10.4        2.54                  3,13     2.73   4,341    0.11   4,54    1.574   4.013       1   O.815    0.05   1,041   0223   0.323                                                    SW    1SA       Li   tfl9
U.  Tunirmalo,usmarI                                      4,14        4,K6       4154      4.82      1as   1t4s     0.05   tAll5  0.1K       t,is     is  tics       0.1   2.OW    O.M2    0.8K11    60   IOA      0.06   G           2   toll3     -     2UN     0.15   Law
U.  TimgM                     IbtSran  wyf*a                           a        3as        3s1n                                                        a   OA"      0.05 1.041    O.A5   101S    N0Ull    us    0.96    1.52   1334                125   liP       ILI1,33
too.      1.0w.                    MAcwnybi                               2.643       3.07       il1                                                        I   0355    0,05   1541   0.82       M1 41    U0   3X27     0.15   2.17       15   1516      96    in       am      an
lOt.      Tapmg4pmg                 O."ams.-s*376                                                 2                                                                                                       30 .19    0.05   OM              22.LO$        i2    ton      us      LU
102,      Ta7qw @eS*                TtsorarwWsu fimmnp            .           .                  3.8C                                                                                                                                                    SI3  1t4l    0.11   2.0
102   oIin                                                             43i6.         -.    12.14425    S                                                                                                                                                            1     498
104.      WalSat                   Paulonia                    4.4         16         753           .10   11                                                               0.3   2.0      2.1    24w      40  via        0.1   tEl         4   1021
lin.      tmn  I)                   &ns'.ainywm.is                .           .g        13.957  1.20                                                                                                     is0   isaC     0       4*9      S2   s2c        is5   a.ea    us       aN
l05.      1mWM tdln*.cm mtg                                                                     3.171                                                                                                                                                    0       M ua     us    a
Marksu lSPOea                              32          so         SI         11
K.angur"     0   DV On             i *Adoben Omaly           F    Ffeqamq           Fr *Aaien Fuqmqic De *Ounac                 OR . Ali"Den Oia
P.Tflw                   PoPle0d                                        S.so"
) *G ONmwlSPan4b



PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA                                                             4 .37
At the 'pole class' recorded 10 species, dominated by 'Laban' (Vilex pubescens), important value
index 60.918 %, followed by 'Duhat' (Syzygium sp.), important value of 43.689 %, density 40
poles/Ha.
Al the 'belta class' are identified 19 species predominantly 'Laban' (Vitex pubescens), impor1ani
value 50.1 88 %, density 640/Ha, followed by 'imbaras', important value 24.579 % and density
2401Ha. At 'seedling class' predominantly 'Laban' (Vitex pubescenrs, inportant value of 52.38 %,
followed by ' Manpat' (Cratoxylon ligustrinum BL., with imponant value of 22.619 % and density
2,000 seedling/Ha.
The analysis indicates, that the schrub and bushes vegetation condition in this area has already
fairly damage and experiendng conversion. This is proved by the dominance of 'Laban' from 'tree
class to lower (seedling) class, while this species at tree class is not a commercial type cf
revegetation. but 'pioneer' type of vegetation, usually found in open area which begin to recover
to be a forest.
The tendency also can be seen from ground vegetation, which predominantly covered by 'alang-
alang/thatch grass' (Imperata Cylindrica). And the land condition indicates that the soil is less
fertile. However, the area has the potential to be recovered into forest if no disturbance from local
peoples (Table 4.11).
C.    Field Cultivation
During field investigation in the projectsitethere are no local people cultivating any field. However,
there are indicalion of the activities. Type of revegetation frequently cultivated is 'Padi huma'
(Onza sativa), then 'Singkong' (Manihot esculenta) and 'Kacang Tanah' (Arachis hypogea).
d.    Home Gardens (Pekarangan)
Inventory of home gardens (pekarangan) in the project area identified 54 species of flora consist
of 35.183 % aesthetic plants, 25.93 % fruit plants, 11.11 % industrial plants, 926 % vegetable
plants and the others are plants for medicine, spices, wood product, food, etc. (Table 4.12).
Dominancy of aesthetic home garden plants indicates that home gardens patern of Simpat Ampat
Asam-asam has followed urban pattern, home ga. dens is not for commerciaVeconomical purpose,
although the dominancy is not too significant.
Home gardens utifization can be considered good, since individually fmr  plants are dominant, i.e.
'Nangka' (Artocarpus leterophyllus from Moraceae family and ordo fruit plant, followed by
AmpalarTVManggo (Mangifera indic4.
UAWAAe4RWP. RPM. 207E.SM                       EIATHE WEST ASAMAA COAL M?NE DEVELOPMENT
SOUTH KAIJMANTAN



PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA                                                                                 4 *38
Tabel 4.11   Forest Vegetaton ComposiUon at Proposed West Asam-asam  Mine Site
For Coal Haulage to Coal Mouth PLTU
No.          Local Name            Bolankal Name                   IMPORTANT VALUE
Tree        rWIe     8bisi    Seeding
1 .     AlpAban                  Vilex pubescens        63,799       68,92      50,19      52.38
2.      Alarnan                                                      16,74      8.004       8.93
3.      Akas                     Acasia auiculadonis     31,89           .      20.67      11,01
4.      Aiayung                                                          .      18,88
5.       Bintangur                                       66,51           .        8,0       6.84
6.      Bali-bati                                                  -              8.0          -
7.      Bangkirayan                                          .                              6.84
8 .     Campalaho                Glulasp.                    .           .      17,55          -
9 .     Duhai                                            35,38       43,69          .
10.      Garung                                           34,61           .          .
11 .     Jambu burung                                         .       33,23       7.23      8.84
12.      Jinjit                                               .       31,44          -
13.      Hadu                                                 .           .        8,0
14       Kayu balu                     .                              15.21          -
15.      Kayu kucur                                           .           .       7,23       6.84
16.      Kariwaya                 Fws sp.                     .           .          .      22,62
17.      Karikas                  Shorea lamellata            .        14.7       16.2
18.      Kumajang                                                         -      10.33
19.      Lampiring                                            -           .      21.82          -
20.      Mampat                   Cradosyon sp.           33.78                  10.33      22.62
21 .     Marambong                                            -       19.29       B,97       6.84
22       Mahang                   Macaranga comdra                        .      24,36       8.93
23.      Mandarahan               Horsfidia sp.               .           .          -      11.01
24 .     Pinus                   Pls mekusi                           23,28          -          -
25.      Timbeiu                  Memecy$onligahM9            .           -      24,58          -
26.      Tiga warna                                       34.61       33,49       7,23      11.01
27.      Sapit-sapit                                          .           .      22,42
28.      Lsir                          _                        _             .              8.93
NUMBER OF SPECIES                                   7          10         19         14
Source:  Pimay Data
BAWAowP. ROE. 207E MS                                      BA-HE WEST ASAMASAM COAL MINE DEVELOPMENT
SOUTH KAUMNTAN



PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA                                                                            4 39
Table 4.12. Homegarden Vegetation at Simpang Empat, Asam-asam Village.
No.      Local Nane          Bolalatcl Name       D       Rd      Fr     RI    SOR    Cat.
1 .    Ampdlam           MangA'era hndkca        19      5.44     6     5.30    5,37    Fr
2.    Asam kucur                                  1      0,30     1     0,70    0.50     0
3.    Agave              Agawave mkarca           2      0.62     2      1,42    1,02    A
4.    EIeHmbing          AverhoweaGrambodaL       4      1.21     3     2.11    1,66     F
5.    Bunp teluw         Aammndam cauh,lka L.     3      0.90   3.0     2,11    1.51     A
6.    Cengkeh            Syzygmn aromalkunm       7      2,11    4,0    2.82    2,47     1
7.    Innng              Arecat calechu           2      0.62     1     0,70    O,RP     I
8.     tut               Caer edils Kerr.        30      9.06     1     0,70    4,80    Fo
9.    .Jambu mede        Anacardium ocddentle     2      0,62     P     1,42    1.02     1
10.    Jambualutoulh      S - gIumaquaeuc          6      1,81    4      2.82    2,32    Fi
11 .    Jaring            Mantwo sp.               7      2.11     5     3.52    2.82     V
12.    Jawwukahl          Aanh,otsp.               6      1a81    3      2,11    1,96    0
13.    Jaringao                                    1      0.30    1.0    0.70    0.50    M
14.    Jambubatu          P3Jdkumguava 10                3.02     5     3.52    3.27    Fr
15.    Karantukul         Psidium sp.              3      0.90     1     0.70    0.80    Fr
16.    Kambang pungsal   Duranfa eeds            15      4.53     7     4,93    4,73     A
17.    Kambangkertas      Musmndaphlipia           2     0.62     2      1.41    1.02     A
18.    Katu               Sauropus androynus       2     0.62     2      1.41    1.02     V
19.    Kacapiring         Gardtajasmenodes EDis   4       1.21    3      2,11    1,66     A
20.    Kesailuka          Ephotiba sp.             1      0,30     1     0.70    0.,0     M
21.    Kudplus            Eucipus degluol          2      0.62    2      1,42    1.02     K
22.    Kenes              Ananascmusus           19      5,74    2      1,42    3.58     Fr
23.    Kembangsepulu    Hbiscwr.sasineshis         6      1,B1    2      1,42    1,62     A
24.    Kedondong          Spondias dukis se/and    1      0,30     1     0.70    0,50    Fr
25.    Kembang ertms      CogAine spedabils        4      1,21    4      2.82    2,02     A
26.    Keladi ias         Cabhn bieolor            6      1,81    2      1.42    1.62     A
27.    Kupingglajh        Anthrwin crsisun         1      0.30    1      0.70    0.50    A
28.    Kra;ol             Alfhennfr usp.          17      5,14     1     0,70    2,92     A
29.    LIas               A(Wngigalang             5      1,51    2      1,41    1.46    Sp
30.    Urnau Bal          Ctwws nuxna              2      0,62     1     0,70    0.66    Fr
31.    Ldah aga           San5ima e   icyfdta     20      6.04    4      2.82    4.43    A
32 .    Lanbok            CGapsium  uleucus        1      0,30     1     0,70    0,50    V
33.    Marisan            Sacdwhur ofidnarna       2      0,62    2      1,42    1,02     1
34 .    Mangium           Arusis mangiun           2      0.62    2      1.42    1.02     1
35.    Melati             Jasnsronusambec          1      0.30     1     0.70    0.50     A
36.    Nagka              Astocarpwhetewphylus    21      6.34    10     7,04    6,69    Fr
37.    Nangkakkdanda      Anncrmrmuicafa           7      2.11     3     2.11    2,11     Fr
38.    Nona makmn siri   CGlerodendontone          1      2.11     1     0.70    1.41     A
39.    Nlur               Cocos nudf,ra            5      1,51     3     2.11    1,81     1
40.    Pacr                                        1      0.30     1     0,70    0.50     M
41 .    Pete              Pedds secuio             7      2,11     4     2.62    ?.47     V
42 .    Pisang            Musa paredisaca         21      6,34     5     3.52    4,93    Fr
43.    Putu buiang                                 1      0,30     1     0,70    0.50     A
44.    Pudak              Pleomrele angust/la     14      4,23     4     2.82    3.53     A
45 .    Pudak wangi       Pendmu amaryffoIkis      1      0.30     1     0.70    0.50    Sp
46.    Rambulan           Nephellium bpen         12      3,63     6     4.23    3f93    Fr
47.    Raja membangun                              1      0,30     1     0.70    0,50     A
48      Rumpu patimah                              2      0.62     1     0,70    0,66     A
49.    Slak               Salacaeduls             11      3.32     7     4,93    4,13    Fr
50.    Sahang                                      1      0,30     1     0.70    0,50    Sp
51 .    Sri rejeki        Aglaonerna s/mrlek       2      0,62     1     0.70    0.66     A
52.    Sri rejeki jantan  Aglenrme sp.             2      0,62     1     0,70    0,66     A
Remarks: Fr = Fruil       I = ridusty            M = Medidne  O= Olr
A  = Aesthek    Fo = Vegetables         Sp = Spi
BAWIAAOWP. R0 22WE SOS                                  EA-THE WEST ASM4AM  COAL MINE DEVELOPMENT
SOUTH KAUMANTAN



PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA                                                             4 *40
e.    Index Similarity
Index similarity (IS) value between surrounding forest area, the lorest area at project location and
the proposed haul road area Is very small. Whicrh .,.eans Ihe difference between project area and
its surrounding Is signinlcant. For 'tree class' the sImilarity Index value (IS), Is 4.17 %, 'pole dass'
9.52 %, 'bella' 23.88 % and for 'seedling class' is 30.59 %.
The above similarity condition indicates changes has occurred al belta and seedling class, which
means that vegetation In the ecosystem are experiencing 'succession' Into the surrounding forest
condition.
(2)    FAUNA
Field investigation on fauna habitat is limited to identification and inventory of the exislence of animal
species, focusing in protected animal and those species with economic value. The inventory focussing to
species: Mammals, Aves, Reptil, Amphibia and Insect (especially mosquitoes).
a.    Mammals
Field investigation indicated Ihe existence of 23 species of mammals, 15 of them are protected.
Most of mammalia in the study area are still being hunted by people and consumed for food
(deer) or preserved for household decoration or accessories (deer horn). According to villagers
occasionally appearance of wild-dog and honey-bear destroying their gardens and crops
especially during the nighl.
Other mammals from Primate family (monkey, lutung and bekantan) often found in the forest
along Asam-asam and Naiyah River and in the study area with densely vegetated. The existence
of Kelampiau (owa-owa) is identifiedJ by t,hir sound, especially in the morning (6.00 - 8.00 pm)
in the forest whh dense veqpi!ation around 7 - '`? km from the highway to the north. A complete
list of mammals inventosy in the study area shown in Table 4.13.
b.    Birds (Aves)
Wide variations of birds species are identified in the study area. The field inventory idenlified 71
species, other dalas, SEL Report PT Hutan Kintap (1992) stated 100 species and ANDAL Report
PLTU Asam Asam, Banjarmasin stated 25 species. From the 100 species recorded in SEL Report
PT Hutan Kintap, 22 are identified. It can be concluded that from SEL Report PT Hutan Kintap
and recent field observation data can be estimated 149 species.
&WAW4BW.P RFO2. 207E Bw                         E1A-THE WEST ASM-ASAU COAL FMINE DEVELOPMENT
SOUTH KAIJMANTAN



PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA                                                                        4 41
Table 4.13 Species of Mammals In The Study Area
No.   Uocal Name                 Zoological Name                         Sources    Status
I .   BaN Hulan                  Sus borbaiw                            D.F
2.   Blng Tanah                 Larlscus lnfIuIs                        D         P
3.   Baling Pohon                CalDsclurus notalus                    D
4    Bangkuy                    MAaca nemesldna 
5.   Bokantan                    Nasalis larvalus                       D,1        P
6.   Berangbesrang               Cyplea  bennlff                        D          P
7.   Beruarig Madu               "iarclos mrmayanus                     I          P
8.   Kora Ekor Paniang           Macaca tasckularls                      D,l
9    lKlang                      MuIacus n  fiak                        I,F        P
10.    ucngHutan                  Felis bengafensls                      I          P
11.   Kukang                      Iycflcebua covanp                      I          P
12.   Kebamplau                   Hybales nmu&l/                         S,I        P
13.   Landak                      Hs      adiW.a                         I          P
14.   Lutung                      Presbytls honata                        D,l       P
15.   Utung/Hrangan               Presbyhs nubkutda                      D,I        P
16.   Unsang                      Pdnd,nklnsang                          1
17.   Macan Dahan                 Necfielsnebsn osa                      I          P
18.   Musang                      Paradoxun,shennaodifs                  D.1
19.   Pelarduancil                Tragulusiavanicus                      I          P
20.   Rusalienjangan              Cervus unicolor                        l,F
21.   Sero                        Amblonyx drerea                         I         P
22.   likus Hulan                 Raffussp.                              D
23.   Trenggiling                 Marisjaranicus                         I          P
Remnark:
D   = Discovered                   I    Inlerview
F   = Footprint                    P     Protected
S = Sounc
AWAA45WP. R12. 20WE MG                                EEATHE WEST ASAM4SAM OAL MINE DEVELOPMENT
SOUTH KALJMAN4TA



PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA                                                              4 -42
Inventory at the project site is found 52 species and in the surrounding area is found 51 species,
and from bolh afea 31 species are similar. Similarity Index of species analysis between project
site and its surrounding shows Ihe value of 0.60 which means both habtat are relatively differertl.
During field investigation bird population which may still in abundance are kepinis, layang-layang
and pipit, while other species In small iumber 1 - 5, especially for big bird spedes like eagles and
rangkong Dnly found in sinilar number I - 2. In the study area Is found also bird species wgh
limited distribution or endemic, i.e. pipit (Lonchura fuscan0). From 71 birds species identified, 12
species is protected, species exist in the study area are listed In Table 4.14.
c.     Reptilia and Amphibia
In the study area at least 15 species of reptile and 3 species of amphibla had been identified. Two
species of reptile included in protected animal, i.e., estuarian crocodile (Crocodilus porosus and
phyton/ular sanca (Phyton reticulatu).
Likewise wilh mammals species, sighting of reptle and amphibia are rare, so it is diKficult to
estimate the population. The only species of reptile which is usually found is lizard/kadal (Mabuia
mulftfasciata). A complete species of repti!e and amphibia is listed in Table 4.15.
d.    Insects
Insect investigation is conducted during the day, so that the data is not totally represent all the
day-ight and night tme i. cts. However, qualitativelly the data can be used as reference for
general condition of insect habitat in the area.
Two insect habitat is investigated, the grassland habitat arnd forest habitat. In the grassland habitat
the insect species is dominated by grasshopper species, while for the forest habitat is dominaled
by butterfly species, since in the forest habitat there are many bushes with different kind of flowers
attracting butlerflies and grass hoppers.
In the project site and the surrounding area is found dry fields musquitoes quie in abudance and
is grealer in the aftemoon between 4.00 PM until I B.00 PM and decreasing further. During field
direct obseivation in the project site and villagers settlements is found 3 species of rmosquitoes,
Armigeres sp., Anopheles sp. and Culex sp. Annigeres sp. and Anopheles sp. is found most
in the proposed mining sihe area which is a forest with fairly dense vegetation, while Culex sp.
and Anopheles sp. frequently found in village settlements.
AW&AO4aWP. R02. 207E5            EIAi1HE WEST ASAMAM COAL MINE DEVEOPMENT
SOWh KAUMANTAN



PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA                                                                            4 -43
Table 4.14 Species of Birds In The Study Area
No.    Local Name                 English Name                    Zodogical Name       TP  STP  Stalus
1.    Bebeak                      Dollarbid                    Euryslomus orenMa^    *
2 .    Benlet                     Long-tailed Shrika           Lanka schach            *
3 .    Benlet Coklal              Brown Shivke                 Lanaus afsatus          *    *
4 .    Boo                        Taking Myna                  Gracua reigrosa               *    p
5 .    Berencet Berkening         Eyeabrowed Wren Babbler      Napoihea piiepkiola     *
6 .    Bondol                     While-belled Munla           Lordwr fra mugaf        *
7 .    Bondol Hilam               Chestnut Munla               Londxra malacca         *
8 .    Batik                      Asian Brown Flycalcher       MusdcWa indigo
9 .    Bubtd                      Lesser Coucal                Centropus bengaensis    *
10.    Burung Cabe                 Scadelt-heddFowurpecker      Oiaceumbochleum               *
-1 .    Burung Cabe Punggung Biru   Crhmon-breasled Flowerpecker   P sdo h   percwus         *
12.    Burung Daun Besar           Great Lealbird               Chorcpsis sonnerafl     *
13.    Buunmg Remetuk              Flyater                      Geryonesuphea           *    *
14.    Bumng Uncuing               Brush Cuckoo                 Cucufus sepulhrulis           *
15.    Caladi                      Laced Woodpecker             Picas flss                    *
16.    Caladi Kundang Hutan        Orange-backed Woodpecker     Rirwardls k vaEus *f us
17.    CaladiTikus                 RutousPiculet                Sasiuabnormis           *    *
18.    Cetrong                     Racket-tailed Treepie        G,ypskna leni           *
19.    Gnenen                      Ashy Tailorbird              Ortotru  sepurin        *
20.    GMnnen Oing                 Mountain Tuilotrd            Ordhoomus cuculalus           *
21 .    Ekek Going                 Short-taled Green Magpie     Glssa   lssMa           *
22.    Elang                       White-belied Sea Eagle        Hlaheuhs lewcogasler         *    P
23.    Ebang Brontok               Changeable Hawt Eagle        Spizaalus ckhadfts      *           P
24.    Eang Hitam                  Black Eagle                  ktInelus malayensis                 P
25.    Elang Tikus                 Blck-sholdered Kile          Elanus ceaedus                a    p
26.    Jlngiing Teureup            Black-inged Flycather sylwe    henmpus hirundfnaceus    *
27.    Kapasan                     Pied Triler                  Laige na                *
28.    Kapinis                     Wlite-throated Needle Tail    liundps caudaculus
29.    Kapinis                     House Swiltilet              Apus fins               *     a
30.    Kapinis Pohon               Grey-rumped Tree Swift       Heniiprocne Iongipewris   *
31.    Kedid putih                 Sanderling                   Calru alba              *
32.    Kehicap Ranting             Black-naped Monarch          Hypolhymis azurea
33.    Kendali                     Asian Pakn Swift             Cpsius basiensis
34.    Kepala Tebal Bakau          Mangrve Whistler             Pachychepala dnerea     *
35.    Kepinis Laut                Frkt-ailed Swift             Apus padficus           *
36.    Kepodang                    Lesser Cuckoo Shtike         Coracina ftbriat        * 
EAWAOSaWP. Ru.207EeS                                    EIATHE WEST ASAMA I COAL MINE DEVELOPMENT
SOUTH KALUMMNTAN



PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA                                                                           4 -44
Table 4.14 (Continued)
No.    Local Name                 English Name                    Zoological Name      TP  STP  Status
37.    )lpasan                     Spotted Fantail              Rhdwa pedbta            *
38.    Klpasan Merah               Red-tailed Fantail           Rih4pklaphoenicura           ^    P
39.    KJik-kirik Biru             Ble -hrolited Bee-eater      Mry.s WrdiEs                       M
40.    Kudca                       Magpie Robin                  Cops phus sils         *    *
41 .    Layang-lyang               Asian lose Martin            Dichan dasypus          *
42.    Layangblayang               Pacilc Swalow                Hrundo thca             *    *    P
43.    Mancrang                    OliveWinged Bulb             Pcrionoluspbnosuw            *
44.    Menintin                    Biue-eared Kingfiher         Akedo monkling          *    *    P
45.    Perenjak                    Lanceolated Warbler          Locus fll Lmnceoata          *
46.    Perenjak Daun               Mountain Leaf Warbler        P 1Fbspu b srs               5
47.    Pergam                      Green Imperial Pigeon        Duculaaenea                  *
48.    Pergam Ketanjar             Pink-headed Imperil Pgeon    Duala rosacea           *
49.    Pipkt                      Biack Munia                   Lonchura  sans          *          P,E
50.    Prenjak Coklat              Brown Prinla                 PrIde polcu             *
51 .    Punai                      Orange-breasted Green Pigeon   Tre  bkWid*
52.    Punal                       Thck-biled Pigeon            Tren crvostra           *
53.    Purmi Keci                  Little Green Pigeon          Trearn cla
54.    Punai Manten                Grey-cheeked Green Pigeon    Tremn giseiaud               *
55.    Puyuh                       LitUe Buttonquail            Tunix syfrica           *
56.    Rangkong                    Rhnoceros Hombill            Buros dhncros           *          P
57.    Saeran Bendera Batu         Greater Racket-baled Drongo     urus paradiseus      *    *
58.    Saeran Bendera Pask         Lesser Racket-tailed Drngo   Dicwus remifer          *
59.    Sepah Gunung                Sunda Minivet                Pencaocolus mniatus
60.    Sepah Hutan                 Scadet Minivet               Peuiaocolus         *m*ew
61.    Serndit                     Yeflow-hled Henging Parot   Lorkulupusflls           *          P
62.    Sikatan Pentat B1ir         Yellow-nmnped Flycatchr      FMedu" an gia           *
63.    Srigurting        *         Black Drongo                 Diucus maaoceras
64.    Tekukur                     Spotted Dove                 Stwptpelia ch is             *
65.    Tertcuk                     Yelow-vented Blbui           Pnonolsgoiuidr          *
66.    Tnil semak                  Wood Sandpiper               Tinge gtareola               *    P,M
67.    Tnuting                     Blue-eared Barbet            Uegalabna ausks         *    *
68.    Tuwur                       Common Koel                  E4narmnys salopacea
69.    Walat Gunung                Himalayan Swifti             Aerodramuw brebinrw
70.    Walet Sapi                  White-belied Swifit          CoIocaliS escudenra     *
71.    Walik Gagak                 Wedge-tailed Green Pigeon    Treron sptreura              *
Remiark:
TP  = Inside of site project     P   = Protected
STP = Outsideofsiteprqject       M   = MAgran
= ascovered                  E   = Endemic
EMWACGfWP. L  2o71 -UM                                  EBATHE WEST ASAM4      COAL NINE DEVELOPMENT
SOUTH KAIJMANTAN



PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA                                                           4 45
Table 4.15 Species of Reptils and Amphibians in the Study Area
No.        Local Name              Zoological Name        Source   Status
REPTIUA
1 .   Biawak                Varanus salvator              I
2 .   Buaya Muara           Cracodlus-porosus             I        P
3 .   Eunglon               Calotus jubalus               D
4 .   Hap-hap               Draco volans                  D
5 .   Kadal                AMabula multifasdlas           D
6 .   Ular Sanca            Phyton retkulatus             I        P
7 .   Ular Kobra            Nsja hannah                   I
8 .   Ular Tadung           Ophiophagus hannak            I
9 .   Ular Air              Hernalopsis buccaba           I
10.   Ular Pucuk             Leptophis ahaetulla           D
i1 .   Ular Kisi             Natrix piscator               D
12.   Ular Tatakan Mas       Boiga dendrophila 
13.   Ular Hijau             Tnmeresurus albolabris        D
14.   Ular Tanah             Angkistrodon rhodostoma       I
15.   Toke                   Gecko gecko                  S
AMPHIBIA
16.   Katak                  Rana macrodon                 D
17.   Katak Pohon            Hyla sp.                      D
18.   Kodok                  Bufo melanotictus             D
Remark:
D     Discovered
I    Interview
S  =Sound
P  = Protected
&WAA0IWP. R02 202E ONI                          A-THE WEST ASAMASAM COAL MINE DEVELOPMENT
SOUTH KAUMMANTA



PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA                                                                     4 .46
e.     Breeding Animal
Obseivation in Asam-asam village many peoples breeding chikens, ducks and olher birds species.
However the important breeding animals Is buffalo, used traditionally as carry/pull tree felling
product, especially 'ulin'.
(3)    AQUATIC BIOTA
a.     Plankton
Details Analysis of index diversity population and dominancy of planklon is listed in Appendix C,
Table 1. Identification of Index Diversity (ID), total Individu, and dominant species of plankton at
all stations is Naiyah, Rangkan and Asam-asam river, shows characteristic as follows (Table
4.16).
Phytoplanklon generally dominant in all stations including Diatomae (Ganggang kersik with
the highest population is found in Station 7, i.e. 5,324 indli and the dominant species is
Tabellaria fenestrata ID Simpson of phytoplankton is around 0.6 - 0.8.
-     ID Simpson of Zooplanklon is around 0.6 - 0.8, the highest population is Astramoeba sp.
which is found at station 6, 506 ind/l.
-     In the downstream  of Asam-asam  river (Station 7 to 9), the dominant species is
Crustaceae (Naupfii) larve.
Diatomae is the main food for new born nekton and zooplanktin. ID Simpson 0.6 - 0.8 indicales
that the river body has already polluted at medium level.
Table 4.16 Plankton Condition of Asam-asam River Watershed
Phyoplankton                            Zooplankdon
Station
PopiAalion    I.D.       Dominant       Popublion    I.D.        Dominant
(inI)    Simpson        Species         (indc)    Simpson      Species
1       836       0,664   Surirea dstnahuda      165      0.659   Arela vutlgas
2       2.013     0,474    Tabegana fenestralt   396      0.800    Arcella vrs
3       1.650     0,674    Tabellana knes'rals   385      0.728    Cenkupjds acubata
4       1.221     0.766   Sunrela sfnaluta       407      0.693    Cypia sp.
5       1.463     0.677    Tabelana fenestrata   330      0.770    Arcela vulgards
6       4.576     0,618    Tabenaria fereshata   506      0.824    Astramoeba sp.
7       5.324     0,498    Tabellada fenesbrata  462      0.838    Nauplai
8       1.485     0.788    Coscinodiscus lineatus  308    0.562    Naupiil
9       726       0.781    Rhizolenia sefigera   297      0.198    Naaupiii
Notes  Complete analysis is in Appenix 3   Table 1
BAWM.OIWP. Ra20 zEXOS                               EIATHE WEST ASAMAU COAL MINE DEVELOPMENT
SOUTH KAUMANTAN



PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA                                                                 4 .47
b.     Benihos
Identificalion and Analyels of Index Diversity (ID; and benthos population in Naiyah, Rangkan and
Asam-asam river, shows the characteristics as follows, (Table 4.17).
*     The highesl value for benihos population is in Asam-asam river estuary, 200 indJmr river
bed, while in the river is very small.
-     The ID Shannon & Wiener is all Station shows low value, i.e < 1.0 In all station. These
datas indicate general river water has already been experiencing quike high pollution level.
-     In up-stream of Naiyah River (Station No. 1) benthos can be considered non existence,
il is reasonable since the water is very clear with low turbidity, high flow and shallow, so
that organism could not stand for long In the river bed.
The overall data shows that the Asarn-asam River watershad has quike high pollution level except
for the up-stream area indicated by data in Stalion 1.
Table 4.17  Benthos Condition, Asam-asam River Watershed
Slation          Population (indJI)    I.D. Shannon & Wiener  Domuienl Species
1                   0
2                   29                 0,231
3                   29                   0
4                   59                 0.231
5                   59                 0.462
6                   29                 0,231
7                   15                   0                Eisklensp.
8                   0
9                  220                 0.670              Macoma sp.
Noles  Complete analysis in Appendix 3 Table 2.
C.     Nekton (Fishes)
In the study area population economy in fishery sector are fishpond culivalion and fishing. In the
downstream is found around 10 Ha of Shrimp and Bandeng fish ponds. Fingerlings (nene4
obtained from nature in the Asam-asam river estuary, which is nod only to supply demand for
fishponds business in the Muara Asam-asam village but also for other villages in Kabupaten
Tanah Laut.
BkWMAI4&VP. ROL Z7EJ                             BA-THE WEST ASAMA   COAL MINE DEVELOPMENT
SOUTH KAUJMANTAN



PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA                                                                          4 48
Fishing season occur in December until April and the dominant catch is salt fish (peda) using
agungan net. Interview wHh fisherman at Asam-asam river indicaled that the dominant catch.in
thal area is Lundu fish. Table 4.18 listed fishes species exist in Asam-asam river, and Table 4.19
listed estuarine fteshwater and Marine fishes species found in coastal area. (Report from Dinas
Perikanan Kabupaten Tanah Laut, 1992).
Table 4.18 Fish Species round In Asam-asam River, Kecamatan Jorong
Fish Speis
Local Name                            Laln name
1       Lundu                                 Arius mikrocephaus
Osteugwubosis mildans
2       Otek                                   Anus sp.
3       Baung                                  Macrones spp.
4       Bara-bara                              Hampal macrdepidola
5       KBlLi                                  Asphorenemus goramy
6       Seluang                                LuciOsom  spp.
Rasbora spp,
7       Kendiki                                EngrpauUs baemna
8       Lampau                                 Punlus schwanefeldi
9       Puyau                                 Dangila cuviri
Osleochilus spp
Cydocheiklhfhys spp.
Puntms binotatus
10       Buntal                                Tetraodon spp.
11       Patn                                  HekWpag  spp.
Pangasius spp.
12       Peda                                  Pampus chinensis
13       Hinparang                             Slegaslorasp.
Sphyiva sp.
P,isus sp.
Charcharias Sp.
14       Udang                                 Macrobradhsmmsp.
15       Kepig                                 Poius peagiu
16       Belanak                               Vudamugpspeigble
17       Udang galah                           Macrobrachium rosebrg
18       Kakap                                 Lates cakarlfer
19       Jelawat                               Lepbbarbus hoeveii
Source:     Primary Data. Intervieww  Fisherman. 1993
A.WA.OIBWP. ROL 207E eBS                               BA-THE WEST ASAASAM  COAL MINE DEVELOPMENT
SOUTH KAUMANTAN



PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA                                                                             4 49
Table 4.19 Fishes Species on Freshwater and Marine Aqualic In Kabupaten Tanah Laul,
South Kalimantan
Specis
Local Name                                         Latn Name
1.      Freshwaet Aquatic
1. Jelawat                                               Leplobarbus hoevenD
2. Tawes                                                   Puntlus vwnlcu
3. Jambal                                                   Pangasws pp
4. Gabus                                                 Ophkephalw saifus
5. Leis                                                     Las hexanena
6. Toman                                               Ophicephalus micropeSls
7. Sepal Asin                                            Thchogaster pecloralis
& Tambahan                                               Ifeloslorna ammlnch
9. Udang Gabiwh obracium rosenhefgl
II.     Marine Aquatic
1. Peperek                                                 Leiognathus spp.
2. Mayung                                                 A*raeneso dnereus
&. Geret-geret                                           POmadasys macat
4. Banbangan                                              Lpnus sanguneus
S. Kakep                                                   Laes cakuaNer
6. Gulanak                                              Argyrsomsw amoyensl
7. Cucut                                                  Carchauas macbit
i Pad                                                       Tym   Sephen
9. Bawal hitam                                               Fom    nowger
10. Bawal pulih                                           Pampus arganleus
11. Selar                                                Sear/des   -
12 Belanask                                               Valamugh spege
13. Senangin                                            ehehormna lrfadaon
14. Teri                                               Siolphows commersai
15. Tembang                                               Sardieh ftmbria
16. Golok-goloklParang-parang                             Qui uns dDrab
17 Tenggiri papan                                       Scwmbedmo  gutus
`L. Tongkol                                                 Auls U,zard
19 Kembwug                                                    RrLie
20. Bandeng                                                Chanos chanos
21. Cumi-cumi                                                 Sepisap
22 Udang windu                                            Panaeus monodon
23 Udang pulti                                           Panaeus merguiensis
Source: Laporan Dinas Pedkanan Kabupaten Tanah but, 1992
IkWAAOLWP. RAL 207E OM                                   ELArTHE WEST ASAMAWS   COAL MINE DEVELOPMENT
SOUTH KAUJMANTAN



PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA                                                            4.50
45    SOCIO-ECONOMIC AND CULTURE
(1)    POPULATION CHARACTERISTICS
a.    Populalion Density
The asam-asam coal mining project is located al the Asam-asam village, district Jorong and
regency of Tanah Laut. Population density a, the project regions is relatively low I.e. 26
person/Km7. At the project village site, population density is relatively higher, i.e, 31 person/Km2.
The relatively large area and low population density resulted in a low arithemalic densily at the
project areal site (Table 4.20). The low arithmetic population density does not guarantee that
socio-economic condition of the population will improve. Due to various factors which can provide
the opporunity for socio-economic improvement of the population such as land ownership, land
produdivity, agricultural patterns, pests, limited labour force, and the local culture of 'tumpulo ada'
or 'miumpung' (to take advantage of something as long as it is available) often become obstacles
for economic development.
b.    Employment
The percentage of labour farce (between 10 -54 years old) for Asam-asam and Muara Asam-
asam village is respectively 70 %, and 73 % of the total poptialion for the respective village. the
total male employment at Asam-asam is relatively larger than the female employment which is 72
% and 67 % respectively. On the other hand, Muara Asam-asam has a relatively larger female
empoyment at 74 % when compared to 72 % for male employment. However, when total
employment is calculated at the household level, then for each household, there are only 2 labour
units for Asam-asam as well as Muara Asam-asam (Table 4.21).
This figure is relatively small to increase exploilaion of the land and marine resources. Field
observation indicates that involvement d women and children of 'school going age' in economic
activity is relatively limited. At the Asam-asam village, young women and children are involved in
making roofs, an activity which produce cash income. While at Muara Asam-asam, young women
and children are commonly involved in operating food and drink stalls/kiosks located at village
centers.
BAwAAe4flff. nez. Za7E BE                      EINTHE WEST ASAM AS4M COAL MINE DEVELOPMENT
SOUTH KAIJMANTAN



PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA                                                                        4 -51
Table 4.20 Population, Growth, and Density of Villages at Prolect Location
Desa/Kecamatan          Area           Populailon       Growlh          Density
(Km'           (Person)           %)         (PersonrKm})
Project Site:                                                                  31
1. Desa Asam-asam             139            4,302
2. Desa Muara Asam-asam        '0             1,145                           115
Project Area:
1. Kecamatan Jorong          1,149           29.482           2.14             26
Source:     Polensi Desa, 1993; Monografi Kecamalan, 1992
Table 4.21 Population Structure (Age, Sex) of Villages at Project Location
Project Area                       Proedct Site
Age Group             JorOg                 Asam-asam            Muara Asam-asam
Men   Women   Total    Men   Women  Total   Men   Women   Total
0 - 4                        290     240     304    544    79        54      133
5 - 9                       3,237    350     252    602    73        52      125
10- 14                       3,029    245     273    518    73        38      111
15- 19                       2,572    134     225     359    69       59      128
20 - 24                      5,123    169     273    442    60        53      113
25 - 29                               ::4     252    556    57        49      106
30- 34                       4,043    209     117    326    49        38      87
35-39                                 304      62     366    46       39      85
40 - 44                      2,976    108      49      157    45      26      71
45 - 49                               83       77      160    44      25      69
50- 54                       2,031    58       17      75    39       15      54
55 +                                 45       92     137    39       14      53
25,913  2249    1,993   4,242   673     462    1,135
Source  :     Potensi Desa, 1993; Monografi Kecamatn, 1992
c.     Education
The education level of the population in the project viglage site can be seen in Table 4.22. If we
study the obstacles present at the village as well as at the district level, we will find that there are
limited school facilities for continuing education to senior high school level.
BAWAAMEWP. RO2. 207.BBS                               BA-HE WEST ASAMASA  COAL MINE DEVELOPMENT
SOUTH KAUMANTAN



PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA                                                                      4 52
Primary school (SD) facilities are available at the two village siles. According to our informant
(school headmaster), student participation is very good. Although the Asam-asam village is not
the capilal lown of the district, yel one can find a junior high school (SLP) which was established
in 1990. This school is able to hold 2 classes, the classes are not fully occupied according to
parents of students, the main contraint to their children pur'suing higher education is poor socio-
economic condition.
In order to attend a senior high school (SLA), a student must travel to the capital chy of the
regency which is about 55 km from Asam-asam. One important factor in Influencing the decision
to pursue educ&tion at [he regency or provincial capital cilies is the presence of relatives in those
cities.
About a third of the population successfully complate junior and senior high school. Although the
number is relatively small (about 0,2 %). there are members of the society who complete
tertiary/college education. The rest of lhe population have only primary education, if any.
Table 4.22 Population Education Level of Villages. at Project Location
Project Area
Educat-n Level
Kecamatan'n               She")
1~~~~~~~~~%)                                             (%)
1. No Education                                                           9.9
2. Incomplete Primary Sdcool (SD)                                         23.6
3. Completelln Schoot (Pnmary SchooUSO)            96                     31.0
4. Complete/ln School (Secondary SchoolStJ-        30                     24.4
S. Completelln School (High Scol/SLA)                                     1 0.9
6. Complete Academy                                                       0.2
7. Complete Uriversity                                                    0.03
Total                                                   100
Remarks     :     *      Exrapolationlanalysis based on school age SD and SLP. Vllages surrounding
project location
"      Source: Potensi Desa, 1993.
EAWAAIBlWP. RIU. 207E.DUS                            BA-THE WEST ASAMIASA COAL MINE DEVELOPMENT
SOUTH KALMANTAN



PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA                                                                         4 53
(2)    SOCIO-ECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS
a.     Main Economic Activity
The main economic activity of the population at Asam-asam village is rice planting (35 %) and
crop cultivation (25 %). Other lesser activities Include sawmill (19 %), trade (12 %1 and other
activlies as shown in Table 4.23. At Muara Asam-asam, the main activiy Is fishing (62 %), fishing
related activities (12 %), roo making (6 %) and operating stalslkiosks (5 %).
An important activiy which is growing among the Asam-asam population is begawe (an activity
which inivolves taking timber from the forest and other related activies which will be explained
subsequently.
Table 4.23 Population Main Occupation of Villages at Project Location
Project Site
Occupation                       Asam-asam             Muara Asam-asam
Quantity      %         Quantity 
1. Fisherman                                                          325         61.9
2. Peasant, owner of land                    1,000       34.8         16           3
- Gardening Peasant, owner of and            730         25.4
4. Cow farmer                                 27          0.9
5. Craftsman (roof)                           30          1.0
6. Tagoe home-industry                        2          0.07         30          5.6
7. Iron monger                                1          0.03
8. Sawnill workers                           541         18.8
9. Medical Docter                             1          0.03
10. Midwife nurse                                                      1           0.2
11. Paramedics                                 1          0.03         6           1.1
12. Teacher                                   33          1.4
13. Goverment workers                          3          0.1          1           0.2
14. Labour                                    103         3.6         100         18.7
15. Midwife                                    4          0.1          3           0.6
16. Barber                                     3          0.1          3           0.6
17. Taylor                                     3          0.1          17          3.2
18. Woodcraft                                 10          0.3
19. Transporl                                  17         0.6          7           1.3
20. Military staff                             6          0.2
21. Retired                                    6          0.2
22. Traders                                   350        12.11         25          4.7
Total                      Z871         100         534         100
Source      Pokinsi Desa, 1993
Es.wMOaWP. RoL 2wM.69                                EOA-THE kiEST ASAM AS   COAL MINE DEVELOPMENT
SOUTH KAIJMANTAN



PT. ARUTMIN INDONESiA                                                                  4 .54
b.     Subsistence Resource
Land Resource
Land use at the project village sile is shown In Table 4.24. The lable shows that Asam-
asam has an area which is 14 times the size of Muara Asam-asam. Asam-asam has 2
potential activities: forestry and plantation. However, its forest righis appear to belong to
PT. Hutan Kintap which has total forest concession In the Klnlap disirict. The main
subsistence resource of the population Is home garden, modest rice paddies and crop
planting. For Muara Asam-asam its main reosurces are in marine and aqua-culture.
Al Muara Asam-asam, forest resource comprise of nipah forest which covers 500 Ha, at
the Asam-asam river estuary area.
T'able 4.24 Land Use Village at Project Sile
Desa
Asam-esam           Muar Asam-asam
Area (Hal     %       Area (Ha)
1. Home gardens                       1,008       8.49         El        8.64
7 Simple rim feld                      170        1.43         15        1.60
3l State Plantation                   1.712       14.42        -
4. Community Plantaton                1,100.5     9.27         10        1.07
5. Holtirullure                         145.a     1.23         -
6. State Forestfy                     5,070      49.45       500        53.36
7. Swamp                              1,450       12.22        45        4.8
S. Dry Land                            150        1.26
9 Grass"nd                             140        1.18        101       10.78
10. Ponds                                14       0.12        240        2561
11. Othems                              110       C.93         8         0.85
TotaW                 11,870.                  937
Source     Monograti Desa, 1993
c.     Land Ownership
The land size and ownership of paddy fields and plantation are relatively difficult to determin. In
general, the local population use the number of seeds sowed as th6 measuring yardstick to
indicate size of the field they cultivate or owned. Average size owned by the populalion is 34 tins
(blek) of seeds, which is approximately 0.7 -1.0 Ha; and for 2 tins of seeds, land size is 0.5 Ha.
BAWAo0aWP. ROL 207EEA                              EIA-THE WEST ASAM-ASM COAL MNE DEVELOPMENT
SOUTH KAIJMANTAN



PT. ARUrMIN INDONESIA                                                              4 *55
Random detailed Interview of 20 respondents show that average land ownership range from 0.7
to 1 Ha (see Table 4.25).
Table 4.25  Area and Local Community Land Production and Transmigratlon
Populalon
Land Aea      Estimated
(Oty of Seeds)   Ares           Local Communily             Transm4grant
(81ek/Tin)   OwnersNp
(Ha)       Number      Produclivity   Number     Producvily
Respondent     1blek)     Respondent     plek)
1. 4 blek           1            3            80           2            ni
2. 5 blek         1.25           2            60           5            ni
2           100
2           25
3 6 blek           1.5           2           130           -
4. Oblek            2                         -            1          1.5 KW
Note  :    1 blek (tin) .14 Kg
Status of land ownership at the 2 project villages sites in general is the righl to use, issued by Ihe
village head (pembekel. Specifically for home gardens, a person has the right to use for 2 - 3
years, after which he/she can seek ownership by applying for certificate of ownership.
Nonetheless, according to the estimate d the pembekel, only about 10 % of Ihe population own
cerificate of ownership. However, for the local population, not having certifcates of ownership
issued by the district does not stop them from feeling that the home-gardens and rice fields they
cultivate belong to them.
They may have left the land for 2 or 3 years and yet still feel ownership for those land they had
worked cn. Land for crop cultivation and home-gardens lining the main road within the village area
have been 'owned'. However according to the pemnbekel, land left by landless farmers for more
than 2 years. automatically returns to the state. Therefore, anyone can work that land as long as
the pembekel of ownership has been informed. On the other hand, among viDagtrs, as long as
the land had been worked by someone, that land remains the ownership of that first person. And
due to this common acknowledgement, should there be someone-else who wish to work the land,
helshe must obtain the permission from the First person who had worked the land. Hence, for any
new landless farmers. the right to work the land can be compensated by cost of labour (upah
gawe). Thus far, according to the villagers and pembekel, there has not been any
misunderstanding over ownership or the right to work for such land. Since such land is less than
1 km from road-side, hence such land is relatively open to anyone. Except for land which is 500
SAWAoWWP. Rl. 207E BES                          EATHE WEST ASAM-ASAM COAL MINE DEVELOPMENT
SOUTH KAUIMANTAN



PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA                                                           4 .56
m in length along the sides of lhe road, the rest have been *occupledo such that if one wishes to
work the land, he/she must pay compensation for labour cost (upah gawe). In general, the
villagers know which land has been occupied by whom. Unlike paddy fields and plantation (crop
fields), home gardens, In general do not change ownership. The village authorilies suggest its
citzens to build house along the road.
Those who wish to build houses are given gardens 50 m x I 00 m and certiicate of occupancy
issued by the village under acknowledgemenit by the Camat (district head). This is done to
achieve proper land occupancy and to provide equal opportunity for lls citizens. The allocation of
land along both sides d the road is meat to provide opportunily for the population to work
outside the agricultural sector, and improve village spatial development pattem.
Al Muara Asarn Asam, the local village government has taken similar steps regarding the nipah
forest at the river estuary. Approxiimately 200 ha of the nipah forest have been cleared for the
villagers lo use for aquaculture activties (fish pond). Ownership and control of fish ponds are
given to any villager who is interested. On the average, size of each ownership of fish pond is 1
Ha. Bul. H was found that there was 10 citizens who are capable of operating fish ponds as large
as 5 - 10 Ha. They are able to operate bigger fish ponds by compensating the initial cost of
builing the ponds by the first occupant(lenant). Those who have been successfu! in expanding
their fish ponds are wholly fish traders (juragan) and kiosk owners. As with Asam sam, village
housing is build on state land. According to Ihe village secretary, the villagers have only the right
to occupy/work the land. To ensure that status, holders of such right are required to sign an
agreement.
Besides the permanent' houses of the Muara Asam Asam villagers, there is a growth of
temporary shelters (shanty houses) during the westerly months which is between November and
May. These temporary shelters are set up by viskors from Madura, Bugis and Banjar, people who
live outside the village. These seasonal viskors can reach as high as 300 - 500 people. To plan
for such seasonal settlement, the village authorities have arranged Iheir housinf according to
the region and ethnic group. They are allowed to build temporary shelters at location assigned to
them. But in realiy, those visitors occupy the same shekers during the next westerly months and
so on. The use of the shelter is given to relatives friends or people from the same region and
ethnic group. Use of shelter is allowed as lng as the original owner has been informed.
(3)    LAND EXPLOITATION AND PRODUCTIVITY
Exploitation of land at the project village site is carried out using modest cultivaion system. Rice fields ,y
its water supply from the rain which arrives in November. The land is planted once a year only. The
SAWAAM&P. RO20 2E M                            ElAiHE WlIEST ASAMASM COAL MlNE DEVELOPMENT
SOUTH KAUMANTAN



PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA                                                               4 .57
villagers try to intensiy land exploitatlon by planting every year. During the dry seasom, the rain-fed rice
fields are overgrown with alang-alang (sedge grass). At planling season, the alang-alang are cut and
burned and then used as humus. Land expolialion is modest: after the alang-alang are cut, the soil is
tilled once, after which rice seedlings are planled. During planting, weeding Is done once a month until
harvest season arrives. When there is enough rain water, the growth of alang alang can be curlailed. On
the other hand, when rainfall Is not normal, i is difficul to control the growth of alang-alang.
Such simple land cultivation, nonVlack of use of animal as well as arificial fenillser, non uniformity of
planting season, pest disturbance by wild boar, monkey and rats, led to a relatively low land productilviy.
Unlike rice fields, the villagers develop shifting cultivalion wHh a rotation period of 5 - 7 years. Secondary
and primary forest are cleared and cultivated for one to two planting seasons, after which it is left.
Cullivation of fields in [he forest is relatively nol complex. During the approach of the rainy season,
villagers clear the forest using machette, branches and leaves are then burned. While w0ii ng for the rainy
season, land is cleared. dibbled and seeds are sowed.
Further land cultivate such as weeding depends on the distance of the field. If the field is located relatively
near, farmers will weed their land periodically. The farmers do not need to set up t6mporary shelters to
wait their land. In the 'ast 3 years, lumber workers make used of cleared forest as crop fields. The location
of the field is relativery far such that their efforts tend to be speculative. This is because after sowing
seeds, there is practically no further cultivation until harvest time. Planting rice at such a relatively distant
location is generally carried out on fields near rivers or roads for transpolting crops.
Non-intensive land exploitation and cultivation, pest disturbance by wild boar and monkeys led to relatively
unsure field productivity. Interviews wth a sampling of 20 field farmers showed non-uniformifty in
productivity as shown in Table 424. Total rice output is used for self consumption. Based on sampled
information harvest output is sufficient to meet household needs as shown in Table 426. Total sample
interviewed stated that they cultivate an eating pattem of 3 times a day. The villagers make up for
insufficient harvest product by finding timber. Income from such effort is used to cwver up for subsitence
needs and other daily needs.
Table 4.26 Family Subsistence Demand
Product                                    Demand
2 nember         4 member       5 member and more
1 BIek (Tn)                       10 -14            7 -10              5 - 7
sAWAAWP. ROe 207E nes                           EATHE WEST AS4MS  COAL MINE DEVELOPMENT
SOU1H KAIUMANTAN



PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA                                                               4 *58
At Muara Asam-asam, cultivation of fish ponds is traditional. Farmers build fish ponds by clearing the nipah
forest. Fish ponds are then sown with bandeng fish fries or shrimp fries, depending on availability in the
market. Cultivation of shrimp should not exceed 100 days or else productivity will decrease as a whole.
Cultivation of bandeng is not time dependent. But in general, farmers will harvest 3 months. The harvesting
period Is accomodating to market demands. Productivity of Village fish ponds are shown in Table 4.27.
The bandeng fish and shrimp are merketed to Banjarmasin by local trader.
Table 4,27.   Brackish-water ponds productivity
Nunber of fingerlings          Number Respondent           Producdon KW
1. 10,000                                     2                         1
2. 20,000                                     4                         2
3. 30,000                                     1                        25
4. 30,000 more                                t                         3
(4)    INCOME LEVEL AND OPPORTUNITY
It is relatively difficult to measure regional income of the population at the project site. The difficulty arise
since the source of income generation other than agricuure is very much influenced by the activity of
forest tree felling. The tree felling activity in turn is influenced by an authorities in charge of monikoring tree
felling activities. During the survey, the aulhorities in charge d tree felling activities were in operation to
monitor the security of felled trees. Due to this operation , local economic activities relatively stopped for
about a week. Fifteen respondents whose livelihood rely on tree feling are very concemed, because they
do not know/have other sources of income. For about 3 years, they have been involved in dragging timber,
felling trees and timber transportation with friend who work for a chain saw owner. The concern arise since
income for timber related activities appear to be the source of cash income to meet subsistence needs.
A relatively stable economic acivity is roof making from the nipah leaves and sawmnill wastes workers
(sibitan).
a.     Begawe Kayu.
Although the village monographic records state that agriculture is the source of the min income.
approximately B0% of the Asam-asam village which house-hold are directlyfindirectly involved tree
felling activities. This activity developed three years ago in conjunction with the establishment of
non-H PH sawmill. Al present there are 13 sawmill establishments along both sides of the Asam-
asam river in the Asam-asam village.
EAWAA-OEWP. ROZ 2MoE-B                          ElA1HE WEST ASAM-ASAM COAL MINE DEVEOPMENT
SOUTH KALUMANTAN



PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA                                                           4 59
Traditionally, the villagers pick 'ulin' wood (wood species) which Is considered as a kayu rakyal
(a wood after used by the population) according lothe Govemors Decree No. 105/1978. But when
Ihe villagers mentioned timber activiles (begawe kayu), this refers to felling trees of the non-ulin
species and which is the property of HPH PT. Hutan Kintap. Therefore felling trees of the non -
ulin type is legally categorized as steafng'. But the villagers feel that they are taking what is
rightfully theis, since the trees are taken from their area.
The entrance of non-HPH sawmill in the Asam-asam village provided the opportunity for Ihe sale
of non-ulin wood by the villagers. Tree felling are carried out for upstream,about 40-50 Km, from
the village. Felling is done during the day and transporting the log products are done al night.
Transportation is by vehicles and/or perahu klotok ( a wooden bat with 12 Hp engine ) This
economic activity of tree felling involves seven groups of different types of labor. These
uncoiled:
1.   Chain saw owner
2.   Lumbermen (felling trees)
3.   Log dragger
4.   Local timber transport
5.   Timber transportation
6.   Trader
7.   Buyer
According to records, there are 20 chain saw owners. At the present, the price of a chain saw is
Rp 2,000.000.-. The chain saw owner usually has his own tree felling operation. The chain saw
owner could rent his equipment to others and in retum, he gets a share of the products. But only
relaives or family members are allowed to rent the chain saw.
In a tree felling operation, chain saw owner is assisted by tl. e fellers who take turn with the owner
in using the equipment. Tree fellers receive a third at the value of the timber. There are about
20 of these special tree fellers and each of them is tied to a chain saw owner. Their loyalty as
assistants to chain saw owner enable them to rent the equipment based on profit sharing. Another
group or workers involve in felling tree related activity is log haulers who pull from felling sie to
transportation area. The group consists of 8-10 peoples. Logs are pulled by buffaloes which are
owned by the chain saw owner or rented from some one else (either another chain saw owner
or villagers) These log haulers are paid Rp. 10,000/m3. Income are equally divided among the
workers. According to estimates, there are about 20L30 groups of log haulers and are respectively
attached to a particular chain saw owner. This system is implemented because they are
dependent on the activity and size of felling carried out by the chain saw operators.
E9WDAOIlWP. RO2L 207E OMs                      BATHE WEST ASAAA  COAL NNE DEVELOPMENT
SOUTH KAJMATAN



PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA                                                           4 .60
At the transportalion site, boading timber to the truck Is done by another group of workers. There
are 15 workers per group. When transpoiiision of logs are done by river, then Ihere is no need
for workers who specialist In loading timber to the trucks. The job of throwing Ihe logs Into the
river Is done by Ihe workers who pull the logs from the logging ske. During a rainy season, boat
transportation is more heavily In used compared to trucks. On the other, hand, during a dry
season, trucks are more popular.
Transporlation d logs by trucks cost Rp. 20,000 - 25,000/m3 depending on distance travelled.
Usually, tree felling operators contacted the drivers before any felling activity. This Is important
to guarantee transporiation. The faster the logs are transported Ihe better it is to avoid being
caught. Another important link in this business is connectin with sawmill owners. Usually an
agreement is made before felling activity.
Transportation of logs by klotok is based on a specified working agreement with other operators
as long as the boss can guarantee supply of logs for transportation . A long operator will usually
inform the klotok owner the location of logging and buyers address. All activities concerning
loading /unloading of logs are done by the klotok owner and his man. There are 50 kloloks which
function specifically for logging activity. The boat is equipped with a 10-12 Hp engine, and price
varies from Rp. 1,000,000 to Rp. 1,250,000.- depending on the condition of the engine.
Transportation fee for logs range from Rp. 155,W0 - Rp 20,0001mf. Destination of logs determines
the size of the transportation fee. Transportation requires a day aaid an night for each hauling.
Since hauling takes a considerabMe amount of time, klotok ownm r usually have and extra klotok
operator especially when demand is higher. This is important to guarantee the safety of the logs
belonging to the boss.
There are 10 trades or log buyers who purchase from villagers who feb trees without using chain
saw. These smanl loggers cannot afford to pay for hired help to transport ther logs, so they prefer
to sell to log buyers who are willing to purchase from them.
b.    Nipah Roof Production.
Making nipah roofs is an important and stable economic activity at Ihe project village site. This
actit involves 20 household in Bedeng village, 30 households in Asam-asam and 20 household
in muara Asam-asam village. Nipah leaves are found in rash abundance at no cost at the river
estuary. Nipah leaves are picked by men while women and children make the roofs. The price for
a piece of roof is Rp. 8,000, . Detailed interview with roof makers indicates that on average they
can make about 100 roof pieces a day. Sale of roofs rely on buyers coming to the village .There
is no local trader who becomne a buyer and sell to other villages.
BA1WMOIP. L. 207E.BBS                          BA-THE WEST ASAMASAM COAL MINE DEVEOPMENT
SOUTH KAUJMANTAN



PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA                                                            4-61
Roof makers are concerned that their business Is decreasing because of Increasing scarcity o1
nipah leaves.
C.    SibHtan.
The appearance of PT. Hulan Kintap and iNs sawmill at Asam-asam has created a new opponunity
for the local population. Approximately, for the last 6 years, an organization was established to
collect remnants of sawn wood. The organization Is called Persatuan Pengrajin Slbilan (Remnants
sawn wood like union). This organization is formed by the pembekel In the hope of organizing the
collection of sawn wood remnants. At present there are 57 members who take lurns lo use the
forklift to collect sawn wood remnants. They take 6 turns of transportation go as to enable each
member to collecl at least 1 truckload of sawn wood remnants. The value of these remnants
pieces depend on the type of wood such as papan,reng,usuk and other (for firewood and fence).
The value of 1 truckload of sibilan (wood remnants) mixed with firewood is Rp.80.000. But if one
is willing lo collect and separate the wood Neces that can still be used, the market value
increased to as high as Rp. 225,000 to Rp 250,000 per truck. Buyers come to the location and
pay for transportation cosl. To obtain a truckload of selected wood, a person may have to wait
for at least 3 - 5 tums of collection wood. And for each turn, he has to wait for at least 2 to 3
months.
Members who have sufficient capPal may buy selected wood from other members, or act as a
ffiddleman for a fee or proft sharing. But there are only 5 members at the location who act as
middleman. On average, 1 to 2 truckloads are sold each day from the nearby Kintap location.
Besides the members, there are 2 owners of dumping sites who get a rouline share, i.e. 1 to 2
loading/per day. The local government, LKMD, factory seocurity and forkift driver each get a
loading per day.
d.    Ojeg
Logging activity at the Asam-asam village has led to the growth of local transportation especialy
ojeg ( a motorcyde which is used to carry passenger besides the drive). There are about 40
ojegs operating at the Kirdap cross-section serving passenger to Bedeng villages and its
surrounding areas; 100 ojegs operate at the Asarn-asam T-junction serving passenger in and out
of the area. According to available information, ojeg owners are also logging operators too.
5&WMoIWP. RL. 207E.BBs                         EA-THE WEST ASMAWA COAL MINE DEVELOPMENT
SOUTH KAUMANTAN



PI. ARUTMIN INDONESIA                                                             4 *62
Unlike tho Asam-asam villagers fish traders at Muara Asam-asam do not invest excess capilal into
ojeg operation. They used the excess capital lo operate fish ponds despte the fact that during the
fishing season frorn November to May, there is an overflow of fish harvest. According to
Information, in one day there are about 50 truckloads (pick-up, colt and L300) of fish. These
transportation originated from outside the village.
e.    KiosklSlals
The growth of food anu oeverage kiosks al Asamn-asam village parallel with the increase in logging
activity. There are 11 kiosks at the Kintap cross-section, 5 at the Asam-asam 1 -junction and 20
in Asam-asam village. At each sawmill, there are 2 kiosks, so total kiosks in the vicinily of
sawmills are 30. Unlike kiosks in the sawmill vicinity, kiosks In the Asam-asam area are owned
by the local population. Except for kiosks and sundry stores at the Kirdap cross-section, all kiosks
are owned by migrants from Banjar and Jawa who have lived in Kintap for a kong time. Kiosks are
operated by women and their children. Daily sales of the kiosks range from Rp. 2,000 to Rp.
1 0,000 depending on the size of logging activity.
At the Muara Asam-asam village, the growth of kiosks, sundry and garment stores is very much
influenced by the fishing season. There are 11 food kiosks near the fishing harbour, 9 food and
beverage kiosks in between the settlement and 42 kiosks, stores which carry books, fishing
equipment and others at the seasonal migrant settlement located near the beach. All kiosks and
stores are owned by outsiders who served fishermen from South Sulawesi, Madura and Jawa.
On February 5th of each year, there is a sea Festivity which appears to be the peak of seasonal
celebration for the village. At the peak of this festivity, it is eslimated that there are 500 foreign
fishermen who lived in the village.
f.    Sawmill Activities
The existence HPH (forest concession) and non-HPH sawmill at Asam-asam, has absorbed 541
skilled and non-skilled workers. But according to the villagers and logging operators, the workers
come from outside Asam-asam. The scarcity of worker from the ocal area is due to the low wage
which is Rp. 80,000 for non skilled and RP. 100.000 for skilled labour. Another factor which
explains the unwillingness of the local population to work at sawnmlls is that wages are paid at the
end of each month. If wages are paid daily, this wil encouraged the local population to work at
the sawmills.
The benefil obtain by the population from these toreign workers is the increase use of ojeg
services and sales for kiosks selling daily needs. A sawmill workers lived in bedeng-bedeng
(sheds or barracks) at the Sawmills.
EKWAA4BWP. RX. Z07E BBS                         BA-7HE WEST ASAMASAM COAL MINE DEVELOPMENT
SOUTH KALUMNTAN



PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA                                                             4 *63
9.    Fishing
As with logging activty at asam-asam which Is able to become an important economic factor for
the population, at the Muara Asam-asam Village, the economic dynamics is determined by fishing
aclivities, there are 20 fishermen who own boats wlth loading capacity of 4-7 tons of fish and 30
fishermen with boat capacity of 1 - 2 Ions fish.
The dynamics of the marine fishing economrv or this village is spurred foreign fishermen who
come to the Asam-asam estuary to shell their catch. During the westerly season, about 300 - 500
foreign fishermen docked at the Asam-asam estuary. The arrival if these fishermen in large
numbers has given rise to Ihe growth of other activities such as trensportation, stores, kiosks,
trading and carpentering. During the fishing season, there are 50 vehicles for fish transportation
which operates each day. There are 1 1 permanent kiosk owned by the local population and 50
kiosks owned by the seasonal migrants.
Fishing by motorized boats are done off-shore. But smaller boats operate 1-5 km from the shore.
Fishing along the coasl is done by 50 fishermen from Jabariu. Takisung Regency. During the
fishing suason, they lived at Muara Asam-asam, collecing and drying then catch for sale. Due to
limited equipment and fishing location (i.e. the share with floating nets), large catch is relatively
smal. Limited capital is a factor which prevents them fron off shore fishing or trading.
Fishing by Asam-asam Villagers is hook and line fishing at the river. This is done during the fish
season using boats. There are 10 hook and Une fishermen who will each float about 5-10 lines
at any one time. According to a respondent calches 1-2 kg fish per day . The catch is sold at Rp.
3,500/kg.
(4)    PUBUC HEALTH
a.     Health Facilities
Health facilRies at the project area are listed Table 4.28. Puskesmas (health service center) is only
available in district town and transportation to district town from Asam-asam is good. At the Asam-
asam Viliage, there is a Puskesmas branch which offers medical doctors services once a week.
The local population will only take advantage of the health service availabe for diseasefillness
which cannot be cured by medicine sdd at the local kiosks.
BEIWAAOBWP. Rm. 207E.                           BA;)ITHE WE5T ASAMAU  COAL MINE DEVELOPMENT
SOUTH KALJMANTAN



PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA                                                              4 4
Table 4.28 Number and Type of Medical FacilIty in Project Area
Faciliy
Kecamatdn
Puskesmas    Puskesmas      Balal     BKIA   Dokler
Penbantu    Pengobatn            umtxn
Jororg                      2             6            1         2       2
Kintap                      1            2            2                  1
Total               3            B            3         2        3
Source     Public Health ProNe Kabupaten Tanah Laut
b.    Disease Pattern
The disease pattern of the population at the project area is shown in Table 4.29. The date is
obtained from 3 health centers in order to get a general picture of the health situation.
Ten main disease in the area is ISPA, skin disease, and others. The other dsease is malaria,
TBC, Ulcer, Mialgia, Thethanus and Asthma. This is becouse insufficient health service comming
to the Asam-asam village. Type of disease predominantly exist indicating the socio-economic
condition and the use of river water for domestic use. Whie on the otherland sawmifl activities at
the riverbanks may affect bronchitis, thethanus or other skin disease. The significant occurance
of TBC may be affected by health condition caused by their subsistence socio-economic life.
Other disease may be affected by related timber and wood work activities such as conjunction
(dust), TBC, Bronchkis, Skin disease and thethanus. Some of the disease has epidemic tendency,
i.e. veneral disease, TBC, Diarhea, Ulcer, etc.
4.6    SOCIO-CULTURAL
(1)    LEADERSHIP PATTERN
Leadership pattem at the project village site, is formally lead by the Kades (village head, pembekeQ. The
Kades is elected by the people. But in selecting, role and support of informal leader especially public figure
is very important. Kades as a govemment representative, can influence due to the power of his position.
AWAMAoWP. Io2z07E esa                           EWBHE WEST ASMIASAM COAL MINE DEVELOPMENT
SOUTH KAWUANTAN



PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA                                                                     4 -65
Table 4.29 Important Disease in Project Area
Health Center
No.         Tipe of Disease        Muara        Jorong        Klntap     PT. Hutan Kintap
Asan-asam
1 .   ISPA                        27            259          313             201
2 .   Hypertension                15          .  66           29               9
3.   Hypolenslon                   6              53
4.   Thethanus                     6               -           -             236
5.   Fever                        12
6.   Vinus                         5               -          16
7.   Asthma/Bronchits              7               -           -             380
8.   Darhea                        3              53          74              12
9.   MalarIa                       2             240         171             149
10.   Other Disease                              200            -             132
11 .   Skin Disease                 7            304          147              61
12.   Infection Virus               -              27
13.   Other Intecion                -              38           -             146
14.   aInkcal TBC                   -             129          31
15.   Accident                      -              76           -
16.   Chephalgla                    -              19           8
17.   Gravio                        5               -           -               -
18.   Ulcer                         6             118          71              14
19.   ConjuCivity                   1              15          37              68
20.   Dental Carries                -               -           -              32
21.   Rhematic                      5              52
22.   Trauma                        4               -           -
23.   Deficiency Vitaminosa         3               -          32
24 .   Gland Infactin               2               -           -
25.   Typhoid                       -               -          13
26.  Veneral Dsease                 -               -           7               -
27.   Mycosis                       -              61          16              13
28.   Mialgia                       -               -           -             104
29.   Aernemia                      -               -           -              14
TOTAL             116            1710         965             1571
Source Laporan Triwulan Puskesmas, Jurong, Kintap, Muara Asam-asam dan KJinik PT. Kintap, 1992
Awm OAW?PO. RO0. E.Uas                              EIATHE WEST ASAUAM COAL MINE DEVELOPMENT
SOUTH KAAJMANTAN



PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA                                                            4 .66
Other then formal power, Kades has informal power due to his economic positon or support from his
group which Is usually characterized by ethnic groups. Within the ethnic group itself, Ihe innluenco of
someone be determined by his physical strength and someone respected among his ethnics.
The influence of someone respected is determined by his posilion as head of LKMD, religious leader,
weakth or his ancestors. Although a person may have respect for formal and Informal leaders, but in
matters concerning households, decision is made by the head of the household or a relative from the
same parents.
(2)    SOCIO-RELIGIOUS LIVES
A significant socio-religious aclivity at Asam-asam is the Ouran reciling society and arisan among its
members. The Qur'an reciting group among other is involved in Salawalan, Tahlilan and Maulud Habsyi.
Reciting is usually done at members house who takes turn to host the session. At each reciting, members
participate in arisan and contribute some kind of fee to pay for food and beverages. The main aim of such
social gathering is to foster social relations among fellow villagers. Membership is opened to everyone.
Among women, reciling is done separately, i.e in the evenings. As with men, women have thei own
groups for each Qur'an reciting of Salawatan, Tahlilan and Maulud Habsyi which occur on cerlain dates.
The membership is opened to everyone and a member can be member of the three reciting groups or any
one or two groups. As a society, Qur'an reciing groups are like any typical organization is it has a head
and treasurer. The head is someone who has relatively extra religious knowledge than his/he: fellow
members. Given that, helshe often acts as the lecturer or moderator for discussion on religious issues.
(3)    CULTURAL ORIENTATION = TAMPULO ADA
The cultural values of the Asam-asam people is specially linked to behavior of their socio-economic lives.
The Banjar people of Asam-asam tend to grab or try to uwolve in activities being carried out by others.
This is purposely done becausc if they did not do it, then someone else will grab the opportunity. (Kita
kada begawe, orang menggawe). Therefore, as long as there is tampulo ada, then do not think whether
their action will have unpleasant repercussion or will badly iffect their children and grandchildren
(nangkaya apa kena). If they do not do a, Ihen other will certainly grab the opportuniy.
According to anthropological studies, such behavior is common among communiies which exploit common
resources (common property) and the shoitaoq of other opportunities t" meet their subsistence needs.
Such economic behavior which considers for the present moment only (nan nyata du:u digawenya), is
influenced by its subsistence development. In this case it is the sutsistence pattem develooed by the
populafion which doubles their cash income to meet their subsistence needs. This behavioral pattern
kWhAItWP. Rc2.2oEES                            EIA-THE WEST ASAM-ASI COXl MINE DEVELOPMENT
SOUTH KAJMANTAN



PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA                                                           4 67
influence people to ralionally, meaning they tend to put their n"eds above the other. This cognitive
conciousnees influence a person to .o what others do (futuruta'1) becaus3 he is afraid Ihat it may be too
late to reap the benefits enjoyed by others.
(4)    PUBLIC SECURIlY (KAMTIBMAS)
A new problem has arisen with the development of PT.Hutan Kintap that of migrants and increasing
prostitution areas. The development of PT Hutan Kintap has encouraged growth af migrants enter the
Kintap area (Asam-asam) with the aim of 'taking' timber. In such activiy, the role of someone who is in
charge of organising and supervising transportation becomes important. At the Klntap cross-section the
center of timber 'taking' there individual who take charge in organizing truck which will bring the logs lo
its destination.
Experience at Satui, the district township nearest to the Arulmin Coal Mining, there are who previosly were
'protectors' of the logging trucks, have now become protectors of the local security with the development
of the Arutmin Coal Mining. Together with his associates, these individuals extort money (pungli) from
Arulmin employees who lives in township. The employees who become victims did not dare report to they
are afraid for their safety.
The development d mining and HPH activities at Asam-asam and Satui, has given rise to increased
prostitution locations managed by outsiders. Eventhough the location is not conspicuous and far from
settlements, ojeg drivers and project employees are very much aware of the location. Thus far, there has
not been any significant disturbance or conflict.
(5)    THE POPULA1ON AWARENESS AND KNOWLEDGE ABOUT THE PROJECT.
Detailed interviews were conducted with village heads, villagers and public figures in order to obtain
information on their awareness for the project. Interviews were done in several locations with individuals
as wel as group respondents interviewed randomly, this means that the interviewer did not know whose
respondent will gave him favorable opinion of the project.
Al the respondents, except for the village head, are not uriaware of the plan for a coal mining project in
their area. They are all aware of the existence oF proposed PLTU in their area. Although, the village head
knows about the intended project, but he is not aware the exact mining location. Nonetheles, the village
head and public figures hope that the project will bring benefits to the local population in the form of
employment and the growth of Asam-asam village into a city. Because of this expetation, the village
authorities ask its citizens to build their houses along the road. This policy is meant to open opportunities
for the population to be involved in any economic activiy to anticipate demand and growth into a ciy.
9kWAOIWP. Roz 2.W0E 9.9                       EIATHE WEST ASAMIWSM COAL MINE DEVELOPMENT
SOUTH KALJMANTAN



PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA                                                            4 .6
The villagers reaction toward the planned project is non chalant they neither accept or reject the project.
This is because they can gain from the project. They cannot reject the project because it is considered
as a governmenl project.
However, since the project 'les in their area, they wish to reap Its benefils. As wikh forest concern is (HPH)
timber is laken from their area but offer people enjoy iks benefits. Therefore, because of this, it is 'normal'
for them to take timber (wilrlillegal logging) from HPH who 'look' what Is rightfully theirs. In Ihe case of
coal mining development the people expected the benefit d a growing economic activily through KUD
(Village Cooperative Unit) such as in mining development in East Kalimantan.
e8WAwA*aP. RL. MEW                             BA-ThE WEST ASAM-ASM ECOAL MNE DEVELOPMENT
SOUTH KALIMANTN



CHAPTER 5
PREDICTION OF IMPACTS
.................. ..........................................................**************
THE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF
THE WEST ASAM-ASAM COAL MINING PROJECT
IN BLOCK 6, SOUTH KALIMANTAN - INDONESIA
PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA



PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA                                                              5. 1
CHAPTER 5
PREDICTION OF IMPACTS
Based on the description of Mining Development activilles in Chapter III a modified Leopold Matrix is
prepared as references for impact prediction and identification for further discussion (Table 5.1). The
following paragraph will describe In detail the affect of interaction between planned activities and
environmenlal components.
5.1    PREPARATION STAGE
The preparation stage is prediction to affect the environment, these activities will indudes mine
preparation, facility and infrastructure construction as follows:
a.     Mine Preparation, includes the following activities:
Exploration activities
Land acquisition
Land clearing for mine facilkies and infrastructure construction
b.    Construction will includes activities as fdlows:
Mine services facility area construction, 1.2 Ha
Stockpiles area, includes:
*    ROM Stockpile at mine site
*    Stockpiles area and crushing plant at PLTU location
5 Kms long haulage road, ROW 35 m and bridges with road land use 200 m wide
Figure 5.1, illustrate the flow of impacts affected by Mining Preparation Stage activities as reference to the
discussion in the following paragraphs.
(1)    CLIMATE AND AIR QUALITY
a.     Climate
The mining preparation slage will affect increase of micro-dimate condition gas and dust
dispersion and increasing noise level.
EBVwo.WP.Wat. 207FBWS                           EIA THE WEST ASAM-ASAM COAL MINE DEVELOPMENT
SOUTH KALIMANTM



5-2
Table 5.1
Matrix Sgnificant Impact Identification Coal Mining Activilies
ACTiNVTY COMPONENTS             MI1NNO                       MINNO                  POST
FPREPARA1ION    _             OPERATODN            _MIMNNO _
Er4vIRONMENrAL COMPONENTS                     II)  (21  (31  (43  M   (.  (73  (63  (0) _   t) (11) (121  (t3l (143 1151
&  P IC'ALM IEMICAI
~___   _._(. .  _,_____._
.         (3acsWals  -  ._ _J:L:L 1t   . _  AL _ _.L  __  A _
*. PHIICP            _ __ _ _.! .__ 1   LI : :_2}  
_____     ___ ,                 .,._  ____               I   _j   11      . -.      1   : 1-  -      -L   -   f
*  LamFI4JmsF   ___.__                  _   _ . __) __ _-       __
. Emon    r _ _                         __.                                   -IL t  _ -
W .DLOG         ______________
. R>Oshag                              _._   t                                         L} (L__  :_  ____  
. Emao&edr4hn             _* .j _                                           Li}  .IL ._.A' _   ......_'3  _ J).
.tat   Pafler
G                                    _unde-  _4 __      _ -  _ _ _  __ _- _ 
*   W aist   Oumht~~~   _____________________   I~ .)   .    .    .    .        (.)    ( .3   -
B. SOLOGY                                __
T1, . ubihl F_,a  _                    -        (                                         _      _       _
Twer. blal Fauna    .__  ._ |_    1.. _                            _                                 (41
PlnbanMo      __  _ _ _ _  __ _ _  _1                                        (-             (3  I.3  (.
=__          =_     _  . _ __ _            _       _      A_._ _   _L_ _    _   _ _   _ 
atra                          ---_ t.L (-    _-_                             " (-          (-) _ L  (
C. SOCLALECNOMIC L                          _CULTU_E
*Popiabn R!DwM*
. Te______au                       _    _      3-   tL                                         - -     - - - 4 
.   p* on                               --tL-_---_'_                           t l   _   _   (   t-)
_    _~~_                                                         (.3_ _   
* Soclvl  Liveal _ _ _ _  _ _  _   __  (31                                                                    _
._ _aa~1k ____________ .                                                     _- _-_ _ __
G     i SOLEONOI I   UTR
*    P UlSecr .    __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _       _                   .   _    _    _    _    _        
. ~pb PlanOe_   ___________}_ _                                  -_ _          _ _     
.  Odbnyl     _________ _                        .     _    _        _    ) ___ (.             ___   __  (._
H Soeat        __                                                                                            (..
Neoles:
(13     SunelEniEpbabDn                       (15)     Dep--  - Etidn        (-     Negatve mpa
(21     Land AcqF4siton                       (11)     oalHuag                (.) PO_Si  _ma_
(3)     IWlau Road CmOutiuia                  (a2)     Cajuift   Slaciling
(4)     MEneFadl_yConoua_I                    (13)     Back-_Il_nO
M.3  MoUnEqtmrmn_i                     (14)      _ _      1         ___
(51    Irlecn*u4n ol Labotir                  (15)                of Pesseuvul
(7)     LandChsg
(83     Tap SaN Salvage
(9      OieibdmnFleneval



Figure 5.1
Flow of Impacts, Mining Preparation
EmpbymeM
Investigeaion &                  Oppoflunly
ExploralW
La4   Sodialwirst
Land                
Acquisfitn                       C ConsumptNe Life-Sly
Landiise confbd
Morpology& I                  SSW" Wa WF                          D5c gu 0w9 (
Topography Change             Paern Change
Increase Runt-Off     __LIDSSo
EmsiVSedknenflio               Demeas                             Aalc Bfa
Increase                   )  WaetOiyuam                          D       Ha
Mhhmg
Prparlion                                                t  Land deaing, grubbitu,             MicoCmuale
ctu a  fil                       Disaurbae
TerresiW FIwaFama
HabUa dihxa                                                       Dnawa
of TensuU  FIwaFama
Buming dwvgetalm
Remnart
,AirPdkon &No": _                    Heath
Polbi&  ~   **~**~***~DMurne H
Gas, Dust Ernission
tand Noise
Infrasuudure &                                                                                                ( HeavyVehicl and
FacilIes Cotrctn                 Heavy Equipment
Opef tbn                   ,     Tralii                  --Tra1ic Aaisd(-
DisutincsH
Labour Force             Recrulment of Labour                  PosAPopp Dens               7eBU-t
Oppoftay.3*
)   DereaSe UnerrovCec (4)
-,   CCruge dva-es



PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA                                                               5- 4
Change of forest area into an open area for mine facilites area (2 Ha) and haul road (17,5
Ha), stockpile area at mine site and at PLTU locations.
Increase of air pollution affected by dust and exhaust gas from heavy construction vehicle
and machineries.
Heat transfer from equipment combustion especially for high mobility condition.
However, due to the exisling condition Ihese three activity components will only affect small
changes to the existing average climate condition, average temperature 26.7 %, humidity 84 %,
wind velocity 2 Knotlhr and sun radiation 49 %/mo since eventhough part if the area has already
been open, some of the climate parameters such as temperature and humidity are still within
normal range of regional condition (Banjarbaru). The immediate affect of these change will be to
the construction workers.
b     Air Quality and Noise
Constructioti activities and transport mobilily will affect increasing dispersion of gaseous CO, CO2,
SO2, C,HY, Pb, dust and other parliculate to the air. These activilies also affect increasing noise
level. The level of increasing gas and particulate concentration and noise level is predicted to be
higher than:
> 258.35 ,ugIr3 for CO affected by combustion
-     > 17.85 ttgIm3 for SO2
-     > 22.9 pglm3 for CO2 and CIH,
-     > 9.05 ug/m3 for Pb
-     Noise level above average of 47.56 dB
-     > 104.95 tg/rn3 for dust
Especially for heavy equipment mobility (truck, dozer, back-hoe, etc), welding, cutting of steel and
piling will increase the noise level to those of Jorong - Satui highway activity (91.5 de).
These numbers are adopted from Kintap forest area as proposed mine facility area at mine site.
The main source of the decreasing air quality and noise quality is mobility of heavy vehicle using
uncompacted road during construction. Although the above impacts is quite significant, but is not
widely spread, because located in forest area with quite dense vegetation barrier and temporary
in character, so that they will not affect settlements since the source location is 1 - 2 Krns away
from villages. Affect to the flora and fauna is considered small, except for noise level which may
affect animals to immigrate to other area.
SAWAA.A.W ROL 2D7E Bs                           EIA-THE WEST ASAM4ST COAL MINE DEVELOPMENT
SOUTH KAIJMANTAN



PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA                                                             5. 5
(2)    PHYSIOGRAPHY AND GEOLOGY
a.    Physlography
The topographical features of the mine site area and proposed haul road is rolling. The proposed
haul road alignment will pass through several small tribularies of Asarn-asam river.
The construction of mine service facilities and haul road during preparation stage will require cut
and fill of the area. The area to be cleared and cul and fill at the mine site for mine facilities is
confirmed in relatively very small and flat area compared to the overall openings for mining
operation (approximately 1.2 Ha),while for the haul road * 5 km ROW 35 m, cut and fill is
predicted to be heavily required for road and bridges construction. This disturbance is considered
negative but unimportant for the mine site construclion and road corridor construction.
b.    Geology and Soil
The land clearing and construction for mine facilities confined in the small land area
(approximately 2 Ha of land) and relatively flat area at mine site. The construction will not require
signfficant cut and fill activities. The construction material are relatively small in volume with
predominantly made of sleel or wood construction with shallow concrete foundation for installation
and buildings in small presentage of the total area. Sand and splits will be obtained from the
borrow area nearby (near the Asam-asam river to the South of project location) and sand-stone
deposit from the mine sie. The pavement area and road construction will be using the borrow
material at mine site compacted to the sufficient level. The 5 kms with 35 m width or 17,5 Ha land
area haul road construction is made of base course materials and split compacted with soil into
sufficient CBR with axial load similar to the provincial road 10 - 12 tonne.
The road alignment will pass thTough rolling topography and small river and creeks which may
require quite an amount of fill material to keep the safely design of road, although balance cut and
fill will optimally be pursued in the road design.
The land plot compacted bor inRtial mine facilities and haul road alignment is relatively small that
would not affect significant changes area wide geological and soil condRion.
c.    Land-use
Land-use pattern is the secondary forest, grassland, gardens and dry rice fields. Land clearing
would affect changes of these land function and uses. Total area of land converted for mining
BLWA&.W.R.M WE OM_                              EA-THE WEST ASAMASAM COAL MINE DEVELOPMENT
sOuTH KAuMANrAN



PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA                                                               5 * 6
preparation stage is t 20 Ha. Based on map inlerpretalion and field survey type of land uses
change predominantly is scrub area, followed by abandoned rice fields, and grassland (thatch-
grass). Like wise to the coal haulage corridor, whereas in this area land use condition is rather
prior land hardly cultivated. The mining preparation stage In this case has negative impact but is
considered insignilicant.
(3)    HYDROLOGY
a.    Surface Water
The land clearing and consituction activities during mine preparalion stage will affect change to
the run-oft intensiy of the area. However this can be considered in significantly affected the blood
level, discharge of Ihe main Rivers Naiyah and Asam-asam River, sirce the land cleared is
relatively small disturbance to the small Asam-asam River catchment, except small disturbance
to the small Asam-asam River small creeks tributaries affected by haul road consiruction.
Tho effect of increasing run-off intensity caused by land clearing and construction (changing of
ground water) may affect increasing erosion level and sub-sequently sedimentation level in
waterbody.
Land clearing and construction activiies for mine service facilkies of the southern pant of the
proposed mining area (2.5 Ha) and construction of haul road to PLTU sie (long corridor ± 17 Ha)
is considered would nd given rise into significant effect on run-off intensity or changing river flow
pattern and discharge, if compared to watershed or sub-watershed area of Asam-asam River.
If may affect at site level is proposed mine facilities area and along the haul road corridor.
Likewise, the soil compaction fo: mine fadliy area and haul road is limited to mine faciliky ske and
pared area proposed haul road of approximately 35 m wide.
A this stage influence area is combined to small tributaries of Asam-asam river which flows to the
south crossing the proposed haul road. Besides these construction process would only occur
within short period (± 4 - 6 months).
b.    Erosion and Sedimentation
Erosien and sedimentation is affected by increasing intensity of run-off, vegetation ar.d soil
condRion. Since it is anticipated that run-off irnensity is considered very small and limited in the
construction site, the erosion and sedimentation level would also expected to be small and
insignificant.
8XWAA4MCWP.R.2. WEUBS                           EIA-THE WEST ASAMASAM COAL LINE DEVELOPMENT
SOUTH KAUJMANTAN



PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA                                                            5 . 7
C.    Groundwater
Since the construction activty mostly a surface activty with no significant changes of landlorm the
effecl of these activites to shallkw or deep groundwaler can be expected non existence.
(4)    WATER QUALITY
Potential source of impact on water quality during mining preparation stage is from land dearng activily
for coal haulage route (17.5 Ha)and mine facility (2.5 Ha) estimated in total about 20 Ha. Speed of erosion
at sub watershed of Asam-asam River is approximately * 16 ton/Halyear (SEL Hulan KINTAP, 1992).
Based on this assumplion total erosion for 20 Ha lai,d cleared is 320 tonlyear or about 0.87 torVday.
Additional total solid haulage at Asam-asam river will be:
87 .x106   .0. 479mg/i
181,440X103
(assuming that 0.87 ton/day of mud is deposited into the Asam-asam river with a average debit at station
5 or at the down-stream Jembalan Paniang i.e. 21 m3/sec). Field measurement, total solid content is
recorded 225.330 mg/i. Hence, total solid level at mining preparation stage is 225.330 + 0.479 = 225.809
mg/l. At Station 5. TSS is recorded t 61 % of Total Solid. At 225.809 mg/i solid there is 61 % x 225,809
= 137,743 mg/I TSS. TSS measured at Station 5 is 137,330 mgl/. Hence, the impact is an increase TSS
of 137,743 - 137,330 = 0.413 mg/l of suspended solid.
Physical and chemical parameters affected predicted are suspended solid, pH, dissolved oxygen and
occurrence of sulfide compound. The increasing turbidity level in the recipient waterbody affected by
increasing run-off intensity and erosion will prevent sunlight to enter the waterbody which will further
obstruct photosynthesis process of phytoplanklon. During land dearing and improvement, soil and coal
particulate with pyrite (FeS) content may be croped-out and will be dissociated to form H2S in entering the
waterbody, this compound is poisoning for aquatic organism.
The similar effect will occur for lignite particulate out-crop during construction, the lignite effluent is aciditic.
The activities which may affect hydrological and water quality condition during preparation stage is land
dearing, topsoil salvage, burning of debris, land improvement (cut and fill, compaction) for construction
of mine facilities, infrastructure especially haul road construction.
The dominant impact during preparation stage to the hydrology and water quality especially occurring
during the construction process of coal haulage road. The land clearing and construction of mine facility
are relatively small confined in small part of the southem part of mine site area. Besides, The mine facility
and road construction will take place in short period (4-6 months), and is predicted will not change 'ie
turbidity to the level above lhe water quality standard.
SAWMoS.MW.R0. 207EBB                           EIA-THE WEST ASAMASAM COAL MINE DEVELOPMENT
SOUTH KAUJMANTAN



PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA                                                               5- 
(5)    FLORA AND FAUNA
a.     Flora
The land clearing during mine facilities and infrastructure construction will affect loss of forest
vegetation spedes In the area and decreasing forest area in regional point of view.
At the preparation stage the land cleared confined in a very small part approximately 2.5 Ha e at
the proposed mine site area, close to the provincial road. Changes of to the forest ecosystem is
considered very small since the area is predominantly an open grassland (thatchgrass) of the
logged-out forest wilh very low densily of trees in 'tree' and 'pole class.
The impact condilion of Ihe proposed haul road alignment area ± 17.5 Ha, and forest vegetation
condition is relatively similar to the afformentioned condition since the forest is nol in a good stage
of succession with predominantly non pioneer trees 'Laban' (Vilex pubescens) to improve soil
fertility condition.
However, it is important to have precaution of the loss of protected spedes such as 'Hangkang'
(Palacium leiocarpurn) and 'Ulin' (Eusiderroxylon zwageri which is found in a very small number
at 'belta' and seedling stage of growth.
b.     Fauna
Land dearing will affect loss of the existing vegetation in the project site for construction of mine
faciEties and haul road. The vegetation (forest, grassland, bushes) may be the habitat for several
species of willife found during the survey. For lhe wildlife species with low or limited mobility.
low adaptability or younger wildlife, this condition may affect damage and low expectation for life
(death). As for wildlife with high mobility and adaptability this condition would only affect local
migration to other similar habitat.
Since at preparation stage the vegetation deared is relatively very small ± 2.5 Ha and e 7.5 Ha
respectively at the mine site facilty area and haul road corridor the effect to the loss of fauna
habikat is also very small.
c.     Aquatic Biota
Increase of suspended solid and turbidity would prevent sunlight into waterbody which will further
oxygen from photosynthesis process. At Station 7 and 8 the DO Dissolved Oxygen) level (4.2
EIkWAAOMWP.R0. 207E BBS                         EA-THD WEST ASAMAW  COAL MINE DEVELOPMENT
SOUrH KAUMANTAN



PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA                                                            5. 9
mg/l and 4.6 mg/i) has leach tho minimum value of water for fisheries (3.0 mg/l). Even small
decrease of DO Level would affect poorer "own-stream condition of around 4 - 19 %. This value
is obtained from score value of existing DO between -2 to -10. Measured average DO score at
Slation 7 and 8 Is -52.5 (Table 4....).
With estimated lncreass of score between -2 to 10, kt is anticipated decreasing qualily status
between (2152.5) x 100 % to (10/52.5) x 100 % or between 4 % - 19 %, or with average
decreasing value of (5.5152.5) x 100 % * 10.5 %. This concludes a repercussion impact of 10.5
% quality slatus for fisheries affected by relatively small land clearing at preparation slage.
(6)    SOSIO-ECONOMIC AND SOCIO-CULTURE
At the mining preparation stage, the important prqect activities are land acquisition and infrastructure
development.
a.    Land Acquisition
Lari0 acquisition for Asam-asam coal mine project at preparation stage will be carried out at the
mining location and for the road from the mining site leading towards the PLTU. Land acquisition
tor both overall mining (750 Ha) and 5 Km haul road (100 Ha) has to be conducted during
preparation stage.
Al present the location is not used by the lcal people, but there are indication that i had been
used as shown by the growth of alang-alang at the site, although the area is under HPH contract
of PT. Hutan Kintap and owned by the govemment. Land acquisition at both location is expected
to give rise to land claims and compensation.
b.    Development of Infrastructure and Facilities
A conspicuous development of infrastructure and facilities is road construction from the mining site
leading to the PLTU. The road construction is done by a local contractor (South Kalimantan). The
construction of stone paved road is compacted by borrowed materials. The important activity in
road construction is the construction of underpass for coal haulage below the provincial road. This
activity is expected to absorb 100-150 workers, and where possible local non skilled workers will
be employed. The transportation of borrowed materials is expected to use 25 to 35 local trucks.
All infrastructure and facilities construction activities are predicted to have an impact on traffic
disturbance, employment, renting of trucks and social tension due to competition for business
opportunity and employment.
&WAWWP.ROZ 20?EBUS                             EA-THE WEST ASAM  COAL MINE DEVELOPMENT
SouTH KAUMANrAN



PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA                                                              5 10
5.2    MINE OPERATION STAGE
Mining operation activilies will generally includes mining activities and coal haulage. Mining activities is in
accordance to the mining operation plan as already discussed in paragraph 3.4. These activities will
consist of several sub-activities as follows
a.     Mining activities will includes:
Land clearing (with contemporaneous back-filling concept th3 area cleared is estimated to
be 15 Halyr).
-    Topsoil removal and dumping
-    Coal extraction (2 million tonnelyear)
Coal mine-si'te stock piling (0.5 Ha)
Coal crushing and stock-piling at PLTU site (2 Ha)
Continued contemporaneous back-filling, reclamation and revegetation (will be discussed
in Post Mining activity stage)
b.    Coal haulage through 5 Kms haul road to PLTU Banjarmasin
The activity wil affect changes to the environment, induding air borne pollution, climate, air quality
and noise. Despite the airborne pollution the activity also may affect changes to hydrological
condition and water quality of both surface water and' ground water, affeded by erosion and
mining drainage. The activity may affect also social conflict and socio-economical changes by the
introduction of different activilies in terrns of management, irnensifty and technology and placement
of workers with different socio-culture and eco,oomic background. The activity also may affect loss
of agricultural employment cause by land-use change.
Figure 5.2, illustrate the flow of impacts affected by Mining Operation Stage activities as reference to the
discussion in the following paragraphs. The following paragraphs will discuss the intensity of changes
predicted to occur alfected by the mining operalion activities.
(1)    AIR QUALITY AND NOISE
a.    Climate
Similar to the mine preparation activity, especially during construction, the mining operation activity
may affect changes to the climate condition through the following sources:
EIAWAOS.WPAWO 2WE BBS                           EIXATHE WEST ASAM.A5DN COAL MINE DEVELOPMENT
SOUTH KAIJMANTAN



Figure 5.2
Flow of Impact, Mining Operafon Stage
MicropClmiae
DisIurb a
HabilatDisturbancet!
-4    Lard Cle                      TwreRo  Flrmia                                                  Oisaz  u r-Tw*w
Ewesystem (.
OBwng of Vegetason                Air D:Jwon
Remnanmna
, ....4  Mengurag surnber daya kayu   _                                  Ircoire Drttace ii
Change oa Lad4 Wa
Sulace Wate
Morpwhology8                      Inrerase
Toapog                          Ruon-a f                         Lm of Guadum r    j
Stpping of Top
-4 Sodard
Grour&a1er                                                                                   Demme WMnO.ai (i
Erosion &
Z.) Siwa it
Dt. Gas Emission nd Nse   2
Miring                                                                                     A           h iPok Pon&'\  _&  4
Operation                                               Dtst d  Cam Gas E mew dn kmessan                                 Pe H           D=== H
K             CaGaEinNoise                                        I
D"m                        Leftat                             Wzu PeammALedlea-e  .  WaDer P!ei
SSuace Water                  Pons                            Y tres
L.    Moprllogy&                      Flwe Cw e
Topograpl Cag
CoaiHig  Gas. Duct Emnsion and e N         Air Plcxn                          b O W
_; Coal HaLdge      _'.   .
TraffC of Coal Traripal           Trafc AcoCde.-t       T
I  Cnahng                      Coal Spread and Le                 Watr Ption                    A*     1oss Deer tes 
Slocl pelrg             >  Waterche;Ye                        W  e
Conbustion CoalDOL Gas            A tr POnH           |         P c mum
ErnssionSen                            I                        s os,(.9
_ -   Heavy Ecurniert _     _     Oil & Grease Wasta                      g 9 f C I I
MAin,enace                                                     rete WaSe



PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA                                                            5 12
Changes of land-use and open-up foresi and vegetation of Ihe mine site area.
Mining activhy will create puddles and run-off concentration, local humidity level may
increase.
-    Overburden removal and coal extraction, coal stockpiling, crushing and high mobilily
transportation, soil or coal spiead lo the ground may affect gaseous, particulale spread to
the air.
-    Coal s!ockpiling and crushing may affect changes of lemperatuie humidity and may have
the risk of coal burning.
Changes to the climate condition is predicted to be higher than the site average climatic condition
(27.6 0C). field measurement (27.8 IC) and even condition at the preparation stage. However.
with the changing landscape and opening of forest and vegetation, the humidity Is predicted to
be lower than the average condition (84 %), field measurement (81 %), and lower than the
condition at preparation stage. The affect of mine puddles is considered very small since the
opening of the area may affect changes of wind direction (2 KnoVhr), existing measurement 0.5
nVsec., and at preparation stage.
The mine operation activity will affect quite significant changes to the climate condition, although
it is micro and the spread is only confined within in the limited mining area and temporary i.e.
during the mining development period.
With the fluctuative micro dimate changes, the direct effect will be felt by the mine workers and
will not affect the villages along the Jorong - Satui which are 5 Kms away from the mine site.
Likewise for the effect of micro climatic changes to the flora fauna habitat is considered very small
and will only affect migration of wildlife to surrounding forest.
b.    Air Quality and Noise
During the mine operation stage the main source of air quality and noise disturbance comes from
high transportation equipment mobility starting from clearing, mining, handling and stock-piling.
These will affect increase of the concentration of gaseus, particuiate and dust in the air compared
to the existing condition. The air quality and noise level at Muara Satui can be used as the
extreem level for the mining operation activilies
The negative impacts of the Asam-asam mining and transportation activities is considered lower
than M!'ara Satui condition, since the intensity of Muara Satui is higher thai proposed Asam-asam
activty (coal handling 4 million Tonnelyear compared to Asam-asam 2 milUon lonnelyear).
Besides, the Muara Salui activity is for more complex, as shipping terminal. With this analysis CO
is still considered as components to be aware of. since it is higher than a good quality standard.
AWDA&5.WP.R02. MME BB                          EIA THE WEST ASAM-ASU  COAL LVNE DEVELOPMENT
SOUTH KALUMANTAN



PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA                                                           5 13
The affect of Iransportation activity of the proposed Asam-asam coal mine is considered would
lower as s;milar to the Jorong - Satul, with noise level 80 dB (A) (Air Quality in Table 4.4). It is
considered lower since the provincial road is used by different mode transportation and considered
has higher traffic volume compared to proposed project haul road (44 trips a day).
These negative Impacts may affecl the workers, since the probability of these poilution may reach
surrounding settlement Is In wind direclion aiea Is considesred low, since the existence of forest
barrier.
(2)    PHYSIOGRAPHY AND GEOLOGY
a.    ..iorphology and Topography
tAining operation activities will affect impacl lo the landscape physiography and $eumorphology
permeability from hill ridge into main puddles and new overburden dumping mound. Approximalely
200 million BCM's of soil will be extracted in 25 years covering the area oF approximately 15 Ha
active pit area in total every year, progressing along the strike.
b.    Geology
This deep excavation will considered affacted geological aspect to the area, changes of bearing
capacity and land stability, continuing back-fillng compaction , change of hydrogeological pattern
and loss oF diversity of geological stratum, i.e part of geological stratum of Middle Miocene (T6)
and Upper Miocene (T7).
c.    Soil Properties
The coal extraction and overburden removal, back-filling and reclamation being conducted
contemporaneously during mining operation, the physical and chemical properlies would not be
significantly changing. Top soil will be removed anJ stored at save localion protected with ground
cover vegetation. Coal transport activities may have adverse effecl to soil properties along the
corridor, the soil is compacted and would not be fertile.
d.    Land-Use
Top soil and overburden removal is predicted to here an impact to the land use. The land use
will be changed from secondary forest, schrub and grassland area into a open mine area and haul
road. Beside changes of land use from vegetated land use into opening, the mining activity will
BAWAA05.WP.RAM. zE OE                          EIA-7HE WEST ASAM-AWM COAL MINE DEVELOPMENT
SOt'TH KAUJMANTAN



PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA                                                           5 . 14
directly affect Impact to the loss of forest area In the region. This impacts will further affect
increasing orosion and sedimentation. The land area to be opened up and changed is
approximately 300 Ha for the mine site and 17,5 Ha for Haul road alignment.
Other impact predicted lo occur is decreasing soil fertiliy calise by top soil removal and exposure
of other poisoning chemical soil elements. Thin existing top soil condition and permanent change
of morphology would affect changes of land function permanently.
(3)    HYDROLOGY
a.     Surface Water
Land dearing, top soil and overburden removal will affect changes to run-off intensity which will
further increase discharge and flood pattern of the Asam-asam River tributuaries, especially those
in the southern part of mining site, and this affect also the Asam-asam river discharge and flood
pattern. Land openings change of landscape in the up-stream may affect changes to the Asam-
asam river tributuaries flow pattern, they may dry-up during long draught. However, significant of
the affect should be compared also to the effect of forestry activities in the up-stream area.
b.    Erosion and Sedimentation
Land clearing, soil removal, mining extraction, overburden dumping and coal handling will uncover
soil with tow permeability and increase of erosion level at active mining operation area and coal
haulage corridor. Changing run-off intensity and mining drainage will increase input siltation to the
river or other area drainage system.
300 Ha of mining site will be siripped and 200 Million BCMs will be dump at the mining site with
final elevation predicted to be higher than the exisling elevation 75 m. This condition will increase
run-off intensity in both side, to inside mining and out side mining. This impact is negative
imponant since the process take place in 25 years period and the magnitude of effect is
considered important, and each year the area opened is relatively small i.e. 15 Ha
c.     Groundwater
Impact of mine operation activities to groundwater condition is considered very small, since the
mine site area is unproductive aquiphere area (Upper Miocene, T6 and Middle Miocene, T7) with
steep slope 20 - 30 0 to the south.
EIAWAMSWPR  M7ENG                              EITHE WEST ASAMASAM COAL MINE DEVELOPMENT
SOUTH KAUMANTAN



PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA                                                          5-15
Intrusion of mining dewatering In this geological stratigraphical condition would not affect Ihe
produclive aquiphere at Pliocene sediment TB mostly used for domestic dugwell by villageis
especially in the downstream of Asam-asam river basin.
(4)    WATER QUALITY
Activitles included in the coal mining operation stage at Asam-asam are land clearing, topsoil removal,
removal of oveiburden, coat extraction, coal haulage and crushing/tlockpillng of coal. According to the
identification flow chiart, Impacts are water quality are expended from land clearing, removal of top-
soii/overburden, coal extraction, crushing and stockpiling. Land clearing and removal of top-soil and
overburden will increase soil erosion whirh in town will lead to the increase in suspended solid and
dissolved in the water body. Area of land opened to be mined is approximately 12.5 Ha at the Initial stage
and every year.
Based on Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) erosion sin min;ng operation begins is approximately 62.5
ton/Ha/year, therefore total eTosion from 12.5 Ha is 62.5 x 12.5 tornyear = 78/ton/year or * 2 ton/day.
When we assumed 2 ton of mud/day deposited into the Asam-asam with a average debit of 21 m3/sec at
station 5 at Ihe innluence of Naiyah River and Rangkan River or at the up-stream of Jembatan Paniang.
Hence total solid impact in Asam-asam river is:
200 x106m9   3. -1lmg/l
-83440ox1031
When the study was conducted, total solid is 225.3 mgtl. Therefore total sdid at mining operation stage
is expected to increase to 226.43 mg/l. At station 5, TSS is 61 % x 226.43 mgfl = 138.12 mgil TSS level
at time of study at station 5 is 137.33 mg(l. Hence expected impact is 138,122 - 137.33 mgIl = 0,792 mgIn
Gf suspended solid.
Coal mining activily plan at Block 6 Asam-asam will produce acidic waste water and predicted to have an
impact to water quality. At Sheban mine (youngstown, Ohio-USA), acidic mine water production is
60,000,000 gallonlyear from 79 acre a coal mine. This means * 23,000 liter/ha/day. Even if we assume
that is the amount of waste produced at Block 6 Asamn-asam coal mine (although that figure is predicted
to be greater than 23,000 IHa/day because the green belt area in the studied area is substantial), then
addic waste water produced from a 12.5 Ha mine per year is 12.5 Ha/365 x 23,000 i/Ha/day = 920 4day.
Besides sulphate, acidic waste contains iron, calcium and alumunium as shown in the characteristics Table
5.2 (Smilh, 1974).
EIAWAAA&WP.A.W 2aE                            EA-THE WEST ASAM-   COAL ME DEVELOPMENT
SOUTh KALMNTAN



PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA                                                            5. 16
Table 5.2 Chatacteristics of Acidic Wasle Water
No.                      Parameter                          Range
1                pH                                       2,0 -6,0
2                Fe'(ppm)                                 10- 2000
3                Feh (pp:n)                               0 -100
4                SO., (ppm)                              100 2000
5                HCO3 Ippi)                               0- 200
6                Ca (ppm)                                 10 -1000
7                Ai (ppm)                                  0 150
By using data from Table 5.1 (with mid SOS2 level at 1,000 mgl hence acidic water from SO." can be
calculated by using Ihe Mixing Zone Formula:
c- QoCo+QZC1
00+01
Where:
C     =    SO42 level at down-stream
Oo    =    River Discharge (m3lsec.) = 21 m3/sec (Stasiun 5)
Co    =    SO2 level at downstream, stasiun 5 is 12.73 mg/I
Q,    =    Acid Water Discharge, 0.92 m31sec.
C,    =    So42 level at acid water, 1,000 mg/l
And by substitution, the level of SO42 up-stream is 12.750 mgtI. Hence acid water impact is about 0.02
mgI S042. The source of acid waste water is from mining activity with an area of 12.5 Hal365 days = 0.03
Halday. By using the above formula for Fe and Al, of the level increase at downstream is very low.
The impact of acid watel to ground water would increase the level of iron, sulphate, zinc, lead and
carbonium (Rail, 1 989). Al the study area, lhe reaction of ground water is acidic with a pH value between
4 - 5.3 (Table 26 Appendix C).
Several studies indicate in acidic water is found toxic heavy metal (Ahmad, 1974), characterized by the
occurrence of biological accumulation in food chain organism which will further dangerously affect
consumer's health, eventhough concentration of those compounds affected by mining activities.
Crushing and stockpiling of coal will cause lecheate, the predicted volume of lecheate is low because there
is no working of coal at mine site. Lecheate contains suspended solid, calcium, magnesium, sulphate, iron
0AWAA.WP RU.R SE eS                            EI-ThE WEST ASAM-ASM COAL MINE DEVELOPMENT
SOUTH KAUMANIAN



PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA                                                            5-17
and low pH. Measurement of lecheate from slockpile rain-water drainage at Satul mine Indlcates pH 4.2,
Fe 2.30 mg/l and sulhpate 1,850 mg/l (Table 27, Appendix 3), with above analogy, the predicted impaci
of lecheate will not reduce water quality of Asam-asam river and ground waler because there is no coal
washing process.
(5)    FLORA AND FAUNA
a.    Flora
Land clearing at this stage is predominantly at the rining site. Approximately alnost all of 750
Ha mining area will be cleared for mining pit, overburden dumping and topsoil storage. The
negative impact of the activities is loss of important rain forest species which may also be habitat
for certain animal species.
The forest vegetation in this area are fairly damage and selectively logged-out by HPH PT Hutan
Kintap, the left over vegetation is predominantly alang-alang (thatch grass) grassland area with
small number of remnants tree mostly at belta and seedling class. However the land clearing of
the area considered would not much to the initial ecosystem condition.
b.    Fauna
Continued land clearing will be conducted as the mining operation is progressing according to the
mining plan. Loss of vegetation, trees and grassland will affect loss of habitat for several species
of wildlife or migration to another habiRat nearby with similar characteristics. Approximately 750
Ha of area in total will be cleared for continuous mining operation in 25 years, these land consist
or secondary forest (60 %). grassland and some of the area is villager's gardens t40 %).
These vegetation of wildlife species found in the area are protected even some of them are
considered endangered species . The wildlife species with low tolerance to the changing
environmental condilion (low mobility and low adaptability) will be affected by the mining operation
actiAity. Besides, high intensity of activities during mining operation at mining site and haulroad
which give rise to increasing noise level will driven the sensiive wildlife away from the area. And
the increasing gaseus and particulale spread caused by burning remnant and debris during land
clearing and traffic and equipment exhaust will disturb wildlife surrounding the project area,
especially affected breaking system disorder.
B&WAC.WP.RU. 20E BB                            ElATHE WEST ASAM-ASAM COAL MINE DEVELOPMENT
SOUTH KAIJMANTAN



PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA                                                           5* IB
Coal mining will create puddles which may as well create habitat for several disease vector, such
as species of mosquitoes. Field survey indicated the existence of Anopheles sp. bringing malaria
vectors.
The mining operation activity will affect nanrowing the home range for especially for big mammals
species, and decreasing food resources. This is indicated by the occasional appearance of these
species (wild pig, honey bear) enlering the villager's gardens looking for food.
c.    Aquatic Biota
Small increase of suspended solid (0.792 mgQl) at the down-stream of Asam-asam River caused
by land-clearing would not prevent the growth of aqualic bioda, if Ihe existing status quality of the
river is fairly for fisheries. However, in this case the existing Asam-asam river status quality is poor
for risheries and fairly heavily polluted. Although increase of suspended solid caused by land
clearing activities is relatively low the effect may affect decreasing growth of aquatic biota.
Affect of acidic water to the river walershed will increase sulphate content (around 0.02 mg/l) and
olher elements Fe, Ca and Al. Since the existing quality staltus of the river has been poorly
damage, input of acidic waler would prevent the growth of aquatic biota. In this case
environmental parameters would be greater in the polluted ecosystem.
Oil and grease content in the Asam-asam river is undetected ( 0 mgl, so that if the 3 alternatives
of oil and grease waste management despite of recycling is implementated the affect to aqualic
biota growth would be worse. This is because of the existing waterbody has already been fairly
heavily polluted.
(6)    SOSIO-ECONOMIC AND SOCIO-CULTURE
Mining operation activiies include land ciearing, overburden removal, deposi extraction and hauling, back-
filling and maintenance of dump trucks. All these acdiviies can be giouped into 2 important activities
relating to economic activities of the population , employment and new business, and vehicle and
manpower mobility
a.    Employment and New Business
Hauling of coal from the mining she tc PLTU is expected to require 12, dump trucks and absorb
as many 270 workers, of which 50 % are non skilled. The involvement of non skilled workers in
large numbers will encourage the growth of restaurants and other sosio-economnic activities. This
opportunity will generate new business opportunities.
EAWk4wWP.RM. 207EB                             ELA-THE WEST ASAMASAM COAL MINE DEVELOPMENT
SOUTH KAUMANTAN



PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA                                                              5 .19
b.    Growth of Settlemeni
The use or 12 g dump trucks with 2 drivers per truck plus the use d considerable non skilled
workers will have an Impact on settlemenl for the workers. For Arulmin employees, they will be
placed al existing settlement In Satul. But for non Arutmin employees (Those working for
Contractors) are expected to find their own accommodatIon. It is predicted these activilies will
affect growth of new senlements in the area
c.     Mobility of heavy Vehicles and Workers
Continuous mobility of 12 heavy vehicles or approximately 45 trips/day from mining site to stock-
pile location (PLTU) will have an impact on noise and air pollution, and further alfected welfare
and health condition of villagers and workers. To reduce/prevent noise and dust, there will be
conlrol of traffic and sprinkling water on the roads. Allhough contractor workers lived in the
surrounding area, mobility of workers from settlement to work location will be managed by the
project authorilies.
5.3    POST MINING ACTIVITIES
The post mining activities prediction of impacts will includes activities mining backriling reclamations,
revegetations, sales cease. This activity is followed by employee release (PHK) and fcilities, installation
and equipment removal from the mining sile. The land will be retitled into its original land-use title i.e.
forestry by the end or the contract.
Figure 5.3, illustrate the flow of impacts affected by Post Mining Operation Stage activities as reference
to the discussiop in the following paragraphs. The important activities which is considered potential to have
an impact to the environment are as follows:
Back filling and Reclamation
The in-pit backfilling of overburden activities has already been started after the initial mining stage
in accordance to the mining reclamation plan. The post mining stage will finalize the reclamation
into the des.gned post mining land use topography.
EIAWA%e&WPU.R 207EBBS                           EtA-hELTHE WEST ASAMAS  COAL MINE DEVELOPMENT
SOUTH KAUJMANTAN



Figure 5.3
Flow of Impact, Post Mining Operation Stage
Surface Water Pattem
Change (+1-)
Topography & Morphology
Change                               Dectease
of Run-off
Erosion & Sedimentation              Decrease
Back-filling                                                   Water Quality
Change of Land-use                   Increase of
Land-farming
Vectof     _______    Public Healh DWs*ubance(-
Ponds                                Disease
K    New Occupation
Opportunites
Micro-climate
Increase of Carrying
Capacity for wildlrde
Increase of habitat of
terrestrial Flora/Fauna
Post Mining          Reclamation/
Operation            Revegetation              Increase of soil fertilitizers        Self Purification of Surface Water Ouaky
Decrease erosion & Sedimentation     Increase of Groutndws.er (+)
Decrease of Run-off
Social Unrest
Increase of
Unemployment
Demobilization    _                                            Pubric Security Disturbance
of Personnel
K    Decrease
Income



PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA                                                         5- 21
Revegetation
Likewise to the reclamation the revegetalion is also conducted contemporaneously as soon as the
reclaimed area reaching the final topography through out the mining perod. Reclamation and
revegetatlon will require to ensure the optimum environmental replenishment and vegetation to
grow normally.
Operation and Sales Cease
At this stage the company will demobilized personnel and workers, removed mobile heavy
equipment and facility and handed over the land management to the government for further land-
use.
(1)    CLIMATE, AIR QUALITY AND NOISE
The dominant activities which may affect the dimate, air quality and noise is backfiling and reclamation.
Backfilling and reclamation will affect the emerging dust, smoke exhaust gas, increasing temperature and
noise from heavy vehicles and heat transfer from those machineries. Though this eFFect is considered
small and local. The noise level could reach the level similar to the mining operation activities i.e. around
63 - 89 dB in 12 m distance.
During the mining operation stage coal extraction affect open space and mine puddle which given the dry
and hot impact to the area. After reclmation and revegetation the impact and environmental condition will
be recovered into the natural vegetation. The dry and hot impact are gone and the climate may be even
better. The effect of post mining activity to the workers is temporary.
(2)    PHYSIOGRAPHY & MORPHOLOGY
a.    Morphology & Topography
Reclamation and revegetation taken place at this stage. These activities contemporaneously
performed during the mining operation stage. However, accorcing to mine plan there would still
be mine hole left at both ends of mine reserve area, created ponds and higher maximum elevation
compared to the previous topography and morphology, and permanently designed for new post
mining land-use. New topography, geomorphology and vegetation will be permanently affect new
performance of the area environmental parameters such as, run-off, erosion, climate, natural
drainage etc. The impact may be positive if the environmental impact management is purposely
pursued for final geomorphology and ecosystem.
0AWDA&WWA, 2olEBse                           BA-THE WEST ASAMASAM COAL MINE DEVELOPMENT
SOUTH KALUMANTAN



PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA                                                           5- 22
b.    Geology
Post mining reclamation would not recover fully Ihe lithological diversity in Ihe area, so that the
final lithology of the area wig change from stratlgraphical lithology Into soil mound and probably,
ash disposal from PLTU Baniarmasin. These would geologically change the performance of the
area and it is considered a negative impact.
c.    Soil Properties
Soil properties with proper management of reclamatik., and revegetation would be positively
imprDved the environmental soil components, except for left over mine puddles and coal ash
disposal area.
d.    Land Use
Changes of landscape physiography and geomorphology will affect land suiabilly and carrying
capacity of this area. With this permanent changes the land use suitable lo further utilized land
resource shall be determined. The government has already planned of covering the existing land
use fron secondary forest with Property Management Right of selective logged management into
a more homoyeneous forest of HTI (Hutan Tanaman Indonesia). The impact will be positive since
it can be implemented parallel with reclamation and revegetation program of mining area.
(3)    HYDROLOGY
a.    Surface Water
Changes of physiography, i.e., topography and geomnorphdogy will change slope gravity soil
texture (permeability) will affect change of run-off coefficient. The area will permanently be
converted into HTI (Hutan Tanaman Indonesia). This land use and physiographical condition
would certainly change the capacity of the land to retain water and to reballance-out river
discharge pattern.
Although the area change is relatively wide area 750 Ha) it is expected that the reclamation and
revegetation will reduce the run-off coefficient to the acceptable Asam-asam river and its
tributuaries discharge. So there would not by any significant change of flood quantity and cycle
which is dangerous to domestic and other public use and forest product transportation system
other surface water such as mine puddles will be left and viability of proposed aqua-farming shall
be further studied.
AWAA-MWPAR.O ME BEA-THE WESTASAM  COAL MINE DEVELOPMENT
S:T KAUIA'NTAN



PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA                                                              5- 23
b      Erosion and Sedimentation
Post mining activities will refurbish Ihe ecosystern of the mine site area. Revegetatlon and lerrain
management at final post mining topography will posilvely ensure decreasing erosion level, thus
reduce sedimentation in Asam-asam river and its tributuarles,
C.     Groundwater
Groundwater in minesile area will probably even better stabilized caused by reclamation and
revegetation of the area. However, [he effect of coal ash disposal with basic propeties and mine
water in mine puddles which is acidic has to be studied further.
(4)    WATER QUALITY
Backfiiling is predicted to increase in soil erosion which wil increase turbidity of total suspended solid in
the water body. The formation of sulphuric acid at backfilling sile wil increase mineral solubility found on
the rocks. This will incease total sdid dissolved in the water body as mentioned in section 5.2. (4) of
mining operation stages, land clearing, removal of topsoil and overburden will produce 0.792 mgfl of
suspended solid in the water body. Materials for backfilling come from overburden (soil/rocks) from the
following mining pit. Assuming that area to be backfilled is the same as the pit, then impact of backfilling
will produce 2 x 0.792 mgIl of suspended solid in waterbody.
The similar effect will happen with respect to increase in sulphuric acid in the water body as previously
mentioned regarding impact of acid water i.e. 0.02 mg/l SO42. At previous mining site, sulphuric acid
formation is not as large as acid water because coal deposits at backfilling site have been excavated, and
only deposile of backfilling will result in the increase of SO4' level from 0.02 - 0.04 mgIl SO4. in the
waterbody.
Land reclanation of backfilled mine will increase the quality of run-off water when compared to condition
before reclamalion. This is due to the decrease in suspended solid in the run-off water because erosion
is reduced. Also, there is a decrease in acid water impact of reclamation and will be even better for run-off
water quality when terracing bench is made during land reclamation. With the increase in run-off quality,
due to land reclamation, then the impact on the waterbody is increase of quality compared to before
reclamation. From available literature, it is stated that after reclamation there is a 90 % decrease in
sulphate content in run-off water as well as groundwater (Elzam, 1974).
EAWA&WP.RA. 207!E.B                              BA-THE WEST ASAM ASA  COAL NINE DEVELOPMENT
SOUTH KALIMANTAN



PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA                                                            5 * 24
(5)    FLORA AND FAUNA
a.    Vegetation
During the post mining stage, forest ecosystem will be recovered. However, the ecosystem will
not fully recovered into heterogenous forest, inspie the ecosystem is change into homogenous
forest which Is less stable. Furthermore, with the existence of road infrastructure will affect
indirectly increasing intensity of shifting garden cultivation which lend to further damaging the
recovered torest.
b.    Wildlife
Change of forest habilat into homogenous, less stable and low diversity forest habitat will certainly
will affect the diversity and limit the population of wildlife intolerance to the new habitat. However,
for several species tolerable or suitable with the new habitat, the new condition is preferable for
increasing p"pulation.
C.    Aquatic Biota
Reclamation and revegetation will establized erosion and sedimentation level in the affected
waterbody. The ecosystem performance would be even better compared to condition prior to
mining activities, since premining ecosystem is already experiencing damage of logged-out forest
and covered by sedge grass.
However, as explained earlier this positive effect will be small considering the Asam-asam river
has already been fairly heavily polluted prior to mining activities.
(6)    SOCIO-ECONOMIC AND SOCIO-CULTURAL
The most conspianous activity in this stage is back filling, revegetation and termination of employment
contract. These will have 2 basic impacts sosio-economic lives of the employee and population.
a.    Back-filling
Although back filling is done at the beginning of mining preparation, the activity peaks at the end
of mining operation. About 100 dump trucks will be used which is itself generate employment and
services such as truck drivers and truck leasing. The hiring of truck driver and truck leasing will
have subsequent impact on food and beverage, and other services such as vehicle maintenance.
EAWAAs WP.RA.L 2o7Ees                          ElITHE WEST ASAMASAM COAL MINE DEVELOPMENT
SOUTH KAUMANTAN



PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA                                                           5 * 25
b.    Revegetation
Revegetation of previous excavaled area is an activity which requires 25-50 non skilled workers
over a period of 2-3 years. Project management should give priorily to families of workers whose
employment contracts have been lerminated to manage revegetation. This Is to reduce the drastic
sosio economic changes for the employee.
c.    Terminalion of Employment Contract
The peak mining activity which will have a significant wide impact is termination of employment
contract when exploitation ends. This is expected to occur in the next 25 years. The termination
of 270 workers will effect 270 families. This Is because during the course of time, a worker is
expected to set up families at the site. The termination of employment in such large numbers will
have a direct impact on the local economy which has been generated by the mining activities.
ERAWDA0WP5RL 207E..BW                          EIA-THE WEST ASAMAS  COAL MINE DEVELOPMENT
SOUTH KAJUMANTAN



CHAPTER 6
SIGNIFICANT IMPACT-S EVALUATION
THE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF
THE WEST ASAM-ASAM COAL MINING PROJECT
IN BLOCK 6, SOUTH KALIMANTAN - INDONESIA
PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA



PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA                                                              61
CHAPTER 6
SIGNIFICANT IMPACTS EVALUATION
Based on impact prediction analysis a modified Leopold matrix wilt also be used as reference guidlines
to have the structure of Impact flow and significancy as Illustrated In Table 6.1
6.1    MINING PREPARATION STAGE
(1)    CLIMATE, AIR QUALITY AND NOISE
Increasing local lemperature characterize the preparation stage which consist mainly with land dearing
to open-up the area and consiruction. However, il is estimated that the increasing temperature would not
that higher compared to the existing condition (26.7 °C), and the local lemperalure could reach 31.6 °C,
humidily 82 % and wind velocily 2 rnVsec.
The impact is local, affected mine workers and would not spread out to the surrounding settlements (the
closest is 5 km from project sike). The impact wilt last for long 2 (more ithan 25 years) through out the
mining operation stage until the site is ;evegelated. Besides effect to human being the changes would also
affect soil humidity (easy to dry-up) and to flora fauna, although considered very small. The impact of
increasing micro-temperature is negative small and less important, the impact could be reduced or will
converted into positive impact if environmental mitigative measures such as redamation and revegetation
is conducted. In general the impact is negative but less important.
The impact of the air quality during the preparation stage will disrupt workers welfare, especially breathing
disorder, irrtstion in the eyes or skin or human digestion (because of food sanitation). Besides ternperature
would be also increasing because of radiation block character of the investigated gaseus.
Workers continuous exposure to the high noise level will affect hearing problems to the workers or
decreasing hearing ability. Likewise the high noise level will distract the surrounding wildlife.
The impact of air quality and noise can be considered negative-small, but cannot be neglected. The impact
is limited to the workers and would not spread out to surrounding settlements since the location is far
enough (i-2 km from the settlements) and protected by buffer forest vegetation. Besides, the impact can
be mitigated with buffer zone and will lurn into positive if the reclamation and revegetation program is
successful.
9AWAA4XWPRJ=in. EITHE WESr ASM.A   COAL MINE DEVELOPMENT
SOUTH KAUMANTAN



6 -2
Table 6.1
Matrix Signifcant in,it:L Evaluation Coal Mining Activities
ACTPIlTYCOMPONENTS            MIMN_                       MINNG            |   PflST
PREPARATION    --|        _OPERATION               MIMNG
EIMRONMENTAL COMPONENTS                      I                                           t3iT4l] (l) 1(1v(tt13)1(14)1(15)
A, PNYSICAPJXHEMICAL - 
.  Clikleo &ArCuair   ___                      _
. MigoClae                      __        _   a   a                   b             b
. AkQaI m_                   _        _   _    b         b _           c   c    c       c      b
.b N                                            b        b                  c   c   c   e   b __
R PHRSIOGRAF1                                                                   a
. M bo~    L Topograpr                 _   _   a   a                        a   a
. GeaobB ,,         __             _   _______a_____
. LandFwWfty                   ________._  a   a   _           _.____b  __ ___ __    C
EmDF _LOG                                      a   a             a    a                   _       C
.E'usianr                                       a  a __ _  _                                   A  A    ____
wr Flow ard D0darge                            a                      b   b   b  _      _         A
Efosion & Sedu  _t                        _   a   a                   b   b   b  __          A   A
. OrwuBgePanlem            __              _  __                  - _-__ _    b   b       _      A A
.  Qotn*atdef    _ _ _ _ _ _ _a                      a                      a    a            A    A
. WatsOwhly   __         _            _   _     b   b                                     c C _    c  c   b
B. B-OLOG=CAL                          __
_   Tene*ijalFba                    _           a   a             a                                b__  _    b
. Tembles  Fauna t_                        _   a   a              a                                8
P lankton                                       C                      c   c              c   c   C
.eros                                           c                      c   c C            c   c   c
._               _kt_ _n                              _   c _      c- _ c=
__,                              _   _   _   ___________________   _ C_C_C                       _
C, SOCIAL-ECONOMIC &aCLUL_RE
. PopstiDn Droh                         __    b   _           b
.Ounpa_   b   b                                               b        b                           c
.new  _    _                               b  b               b            …  b _
. C        _ _ ___              __                  - __    b = =     _ _ _ _ _               _
Sacial3c             ____     _     b         ___ _                                            _    C
* soc~ia tk   __ __ __ _ __ __ _      b                     b                                         c
*Pubic Sectxi   _  _     _ _    _       
amirh Securty__                                       b             b   b         c   b      _ 
Spatal Plan                       _                                  c
. Empoymert                         _   _   _-    b            _    b  _      _
. LIe-tyl     _ _______   _   _    b   _                                    - _      _    _    _   - _ C_
I                      _U_               _              ____c
Noles:                                                                                  ImpadcCntria
(1)     SumeyExplbora                       (,)     Depost Eabadion
(       Lard Aapsltin                       (11)    Coaltaubue                  Pos"e lnd       Negahe Impaci
(3)     Hau Road ConsIhuciob                (123    Cauotik Soirg               A: IJss nmpoat    a: Less Implart
(4)     Mire Faciky Corstcmion              (133    Back-Flg                    B: Faiq Inqm da   b: Farly InMarl
(53     Moblialbn Equpued                   1141    Redam     evatmln           C: Ip            c: Invom
(6)     RmunmIndntol abmiE                 (15)     DemobihzSn d FPeloa
(7)     Lad Clearmg
(a)     Top Sad Salvage
(9)     OvebsdenRsemv



PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA                                                            6.3
(2)    PHYSIOGRAPHY
a.    Morphology and Topography
The negative impact in the mining preparation stage to the topography and morphology is
considered less important because of the area to be developed is relatively small, they are f 2
Ha for the mine service facilities and 5 km road alignment with ROW 25 m for haul road.
b.    Soil Properties
The negative impact to soil properties affected by compaction mainly along paved area of coal
haul road and the feitility is difficult to be recover. However, it is combined in limited corridor area,
so the negative impact can be considered less important.
C.    Land Use
Impact of land use change for haul road and mine service facility from the existing forest condition
is considered negative and less important because the area is relatively small and the existing
land use is fairly damage forest ecosystem, with ielatively thin layer d top soil.
(3)    HYDROLOr K
a.    Surface Water
With the opening of ecosystem shrub and grassland characterized the proposed mining site, will
affect changes run-off intensity and further affect river flow discharge in the downstream area.
Ukewise for the surface water flow, the pattern will change adjusting to change of topography.
However, during [his stage, due to the small size d area to be developed, i.e. t 2 Ha at mine site
the run-off change and its effect to the Asam-asam river would be very small. The haul road will
pass through several tributuaries of the Asam-asam river. However the construction effect will be
temporary to those small river and creeks. Both overview concluded that the impact of the mine
preparation stage activities to the hydrological components will be negative less imporant.
b.    Erosion and Sedimentation
During this stage the run-off coefficient change is small and area cleared is also confine in small
lat at mine site and small corridor for haul road. The po';ditial change of erosion and
sedimentation level will be very small and the impact can be considered negative less important.
AWAAWP.AIL 207EBBS                            ElAiHE WEST ASAMIASAM COAL MINE DEVELOPrEN
SOUTH KAuMANTAN



PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA                                                              6 - 4
c.    Groundwater
A this stage construction and land improvement activities is limied to surface activities so it can
be assumed has no effect to groundwater condition, so that the impact can be considered
negative less important.
(4)    WATER QUALITY
Based in impact prediction the impact of the mine preparation activity to the river water quality is negative
(TSS > ambient Standard, DO close to the minimum water quality requirement for fisheries). It is estimated
that TSS will increase by 57.275 mg/i and at the down-stream (Station 7. 8) the DO condition respectively
(4.2 mgI and 4.6 mgl4 has indicate that the river has close to the minimum required DO level for fisheries
(3.0 mg/I. Smaller input of suspended solid may affect considerable decrease in waterbody quality status
for fisheries. Based on this condition the impact is considered negative fairly important.
(5)    FLORA AND FAUNA
a.    Flora
The total forest area in Kabupaten Tanah Laut is 178,771 Ha or around 49.23% of the tclal area
of Kabupaten Tanah Laut. Compared to the above figure the project site is very small part of the
overall forest area (750 Ha). The project sihe is previously under the concession right of PT.
HUTAN KINTAP and is dassified as conversion forest, and had been selectively logged-out and
fairly damage by illegal felling. Besides, The area had already been decided before the inifiation
of proposed mining development, by the government to be converted into Hutan Tanaman Industri
(HTI) which is homogenous, low diversity and less stable.
The preparaton stage, even confined in smaller part of the project area, Based on this overview
the impact. Jr the mining preparation stage to the flora habitat would be negative but less
important.
b.    Fauna
During preparation stage, polential impact will come from land clearing and improvement in the
project site for construction of mine service facilities and coal haul road.
These activities will affect loss of wildlife habitat, so that for wildlife species with low mobility, less
tolerance to change of environment and for young animal this changes and the high intensity
8AWM.LV.YAV. 2e1Es9                            EA-THE WEST ASAMASAM COAL MINE OEVELOPMENT
SOUTH KAUMANTAN



PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA                                                             6- 5
operation will affect death. While for wildlife species with high mobility and adaptability the
activities will affect migration. Since the activity area for construction of mine facilities and road
infrastructure is confined in relatively small area, the impact can be considered negative and less
imnportant.
c.    Aquatic Biola
The predicted increase of TSS value above ambient standard for water quality affected decreasing
status water quarty for aquatic biota and fisheries. The direct impact of increase suspended solid
to the aquatic organism. Irritation and abrasion disturbing breathing organ (gills) which many affect
food taking especially for filter feeding invertebrates organism. Accumulation of suspended solid
is inert and will reduce nutrition value of food.
Indirectly, suspended solid will affect changes to habitat substrate by reducing void in the water
which may disturb breathing and feeding. And it also can affect mobility of zooplankton and
nekton. Suspended solid will reduce heat transmission and radiation.
It is predicted that lhe mine preparation activity will lower down status quality of waterbody to 10.5
% and affect fish population. This is supported by Barton (1977) for highway projed in South
Ontario. Fish production is reduce 10-24 Kg/Ha during construction.
Spread of suspended solid to the downstream will affect biotic or abiotic organism and disrupt
food chain for nekt.n and further disrupt fisheries subsistence economy of the area. Eventhough
the decrease of waterbody quality status is considered low (10.5 %), since many components are
affected and the impact intensity may lead to perturbation the negative impact is considered
important. This value categorized as low. Based on these prediction the impact of the actvty to
the aquatic Biota is considered important with lower weighing value.
(6)    SOSIO-ECONOMI & SOCIO-CULTURE
a     Land Acquisition
At present, the location of mining which is 5 km frorn the road is being worked on by the local
population. However such activiy is still scarce as its subsistence need is sufficiently net by other
sources such as logging. When logging is no longer available to the mining laborers, they will
then exploit the land to meet their subsistence needs. Another factor which will affect land
acquisition is the tuturutan behavior of the Banjar people from Asam-asam.
8&WAIU15WPAR0Z 207E B                          EIA-THE WEST ASAMASAM COAL MINE DEVELOPMENT
SOUTH KAUMrAN



PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA                                                            6 - 6
Thus far, information on project site is not clear. Hence, opportuniy for speculation is relatively
small. The unwillingness to speculate is also due to the fact that middle-income dass is busy with
logging business as such they have not reacted to the opportunity which is available to them.
When logging stops due to prohibiion by law as discovered during a research (Kompas) , when
information leaks on location at project, land speculation begins which is usually started by a
government official initiated land claiming. This is followed ensuit by other members of the
population. This is due to their principle of the Tampulo Ada, is not to be left behind by others.
They expect compensation to be large because they feel that the have the right to benefr from
the wealth that is available in their region. Although the education levei at the project sile is
relatively low, nonetheless their long and speculative experience has paced then as Asam-asam
entrepreneur who are known to be speculative and aggressive in exploiting the expected wealth
in their area. Such boldness will increase with the presence of a third party such as LSM/NGO
which has been monitoring coal mining activilities in South and Eastem Kalimantan.
Based on the analysis of the above factors, land acquisition is expected to have a signiFicant
negative impact. This is because activity is to support PLTU and therefore, observed by World
Bank authorities. The involvement of Word Bank in the PLTU project will only encourage the LSM
to be bold in supporting the local population. To avoid such possible negative impacts, several
steps must be taken as early as possible such as "dosing" the mining area and road plan, and
to cooperate with the local govemment. Next is lo guide local entrepreneurs to invest their capital
in transportation service, trade and housing by explaining to them the available opportunities from
the project. It is possible to 'closer the project site because exploiting land to meet their
subsistence needs are available and up till now, has been ignored by the lcal population.
b.    Development -f Infrastructure and Facilities
The development of infrastructure and facilities is expected to provide 100-150 workers, of which
30% is local content, a signfficant impact. However so far, such opportunity has not been utilized
by the local population. This is because their subsistence pattern of living demand a quick cash
income and a relatively higher rate of return. Experience at Satui indicated the above factors for
non-skilled jobs to be taken by Javanese transmigrants who settled near the project. Such
situation will duplicate at Asam-asam. When logging which has become their near economic
activity ends. There is a major possibility of a big rush for employment at the project area. This
can lead to dissatisfaction among the local population and gives rise to the perception that the
project prioritized the Javanese transmigrants. When this occurs, then the negative impact is
significant. Since 30% of the population require cash income to meet their subsistence need and
thus enable to benefit due to the entry of another group (transmigrants) which has a different
subsistence pattern ie. cash income as a complement to their subsistence needs.
EAWA-V.WROl. 20ZE Ms                           BA-THE WEST ASAM.AM COAL MINE DEVELOPMENT
SOUTH KALIMANTAN



PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA                                                              6- 7
To avoid tension between the 2 groups, several steps must be taken such as construction of
infrastructures should be awarded to local conlractors and to emphasis that they use local
Iransport service and workers. Next, contractors are recommended to adopt a weekly wage
system as this will help the workers to organism their subsistence needs. When the above steps
are not obs r"ed, it will then have an impact on other activities such as the construction of
underpass hir.h will disturb lccal traffic. From our field observation, we notice that there is
dissatisfaction among local transport drivers againsl driver of project transport such as taking
routes which do not belong to them.
To ensure smooth relationship between business owners and local workers, the local govemment
should be interviewed. This wil help the project authorities in controlling their activiy suhedule.
Usually, the local population wigl informally organize their common need such as with ojeg
transportation, to avoid unhealthy competiion. By involving the local government, then this
organization can be formalized. This formality vsil open opportunities provided by the project. This
effort will indirectly suppress Tampulo Ada behavior which has been developing.
6.2    MINING OPERATION STAGE
(1)    CUMATE, AIR QUALITY AND NOISE
Based on the initial environmental setting, impact prediction impact of mining operation to the climatic
condition is insignificant, except for appearance of heat and arid in the project ske. The temperature will
be greater than the previous condition (29.3 °C), would reach maximum temperature of 31.6 °C (Field
measurement, November 1993, Table 3,4). With the existence of compacted road and ground, coal
stockpiling and uncovered ground the solar radiation reflectivity of ground will increase (black body
radiation principle) and will increase heat appearance of the area.
One of the effect of coal piling is spontaneous combustion affected by oxidation process. The oxidation
process will accumulated heat and increase pile temperature. These process will radiate heat leading to
increase of the environment temperature (micro-climate).
Coal oxidation process with air in low temperature will produce CO (Chamberlain, 1973), the higher the
coal temperature the higher C level. And when the temperature reaching 50 °C will appear gaseous such
as hydrogen, ethylene, propylene, and active handling will dispersed dust to the air, CO level at Muara
Satui stockpile is significantly high, 2,681 tig/m3 (Dust measurement) during inactive coal handling). Since
lignite is a low class coal the sel combustion will reach critical temperature 500C - 55°C. The appearance
of gaseous and particulate would also cause a green-house effect to occur adding to an increase in
temperature awd humidity.
B&WA.&WP.RC2, 201E-SU                           EA-1HE WEST ASASAM COAL MINE DEVELOPMENT
SOUTH KALIMANTAR



PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA                                                            6 *8
The heat appearance of the environment will further affect soil, dry up faster and dusty, vegetations are
loosing water caused by high evaporation in this conditions wildlife would be migrated to other place. The
Noise level will increase and will continuously affect workers close to the equipment. The negalive impact
of the mining activities to the local dimate, air quality and noiss will occur confinuously for the mining life
and quite significant. The impact would affect mainly to the mine workers, causing sudden fatigue and
probably affected by poisoning gas (CO) and other gaseous causing sudden faint or even death affected
by increase of CO in blood (Carboxy haemoglobin), coal dust irritation in the eyes.
The impact will occur continuously, bul limited in the mining location. However, the impacts could still be
mitigated by effective environmental management planning, so that it can be considered negative fairly
important and cannot be neglected.
(2)    PHYSIOGRAPHY
a.    Morphology & Physiography
The impact of the mining activities to the morphological and physiographical condition will occur
is long period. Stripping overburden remnoval will change the existing topography considerably
enormous 200 Millions BCMs d soil will be removed in 25 years and dump into spoil dump or
backfill in to the pit. Great amount water will be collected in sump pit and pumped settled in the
sedimentation pond prior to be discharged into the river. These impacts would be much greater
during rainy season. With the considerable great changes to the topographical and
geomorphological conditions, as well as long period of occurrence, the impact is considered
negative and less important.
b.    Geology
Mining operations will reduce lithological diversity and cannot be replace, however since the area
has no unique lithological character the impact is considered negative but less important.
C.    Soil Properties
The biggest part of potential soil property changes is at mine sie. However, with top soil salvage
which will be use for reclamation program this changes can be reduced into minimum. Thus the
impact can be considered negative less important.
E8&VAA6 .Ra.G 27EB8S                          EAi-HE WEST ASAMASAM COAL LIlNE DEVELOPMENT
SOUTH KAIJMANTAN



PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA                                                            6- 9
d.    Land Use
In the period of 25 years, approximately an average 30 Ha/year land area will be totally converted
from its original use and function into active mining site. Change of vegetated area into open
mining landscape will affect reduction to land function in retaining water regulate run-off pattern
and river flow pattem in the down-stream area. With conlemporaneous reclamation program and
revegelation the fture land use can be adjusted into local area development plan, so that the
impact can be considered negative less important.
This condition will further affect increasing erosion, sedimentation level and bring down the river
water quality level. With considerable high intensive of land use exploitation the impact is
considered negative important
(3)    HYDROLOGY
a.    Surface Water
During mining operation stage there would be increasing run-off intensity at the mine site area
affected by land opening, mining excavating which tend to create puddles and requires mining
dewatering. Besides d those surface water, changing the geomorphological several aquiphere
of ground water will be loosen up entering the mine pit. While high rainfall will add to the collection
of great amount of water at the lower elevation of mine pit.
Those source of water require dewatering which will further be pumped up to the outside
sedimentation pond prior tobe dischargeto the river. This neans that the overall mine waterfrom
wide area opening will be concentrated inti one single outlet High concentration overflow will
change run-off intensity, affect erosion and sedimentation to increase in the receiving water, and
further affect water quality of Asam-asam river and Rs tributuaries.
Due to those efforinentioned impacts it is acceptable to determine, that the impact cf mining
operation activity to the hydrological component will be negative and important
b.    Erosion and Sedimentation
Erosion lev, u i increase considerably during mining operabon stage:
-    In thL 'itidulating area erosion level A = 276 tonne/Hayr or increase of 330 %.
-    In that area erosion level estimated to be A=552 tonne/Ha/yr or increasing 350 %.
BEWAXWWRO. 2aEBM                               EIHE WEST ASAMA   COAL MNE DEVELOPMENT
SOUTH KAJJMANTAN



PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA                                                           6-10
High level of erosion will increase sedimentation process in Asam-asam rver and its tributuaries.
Hence, Ihe impact of mining operation to erosion and sedimentation level is considered negative
important.
c.    Groundwater
Most probably groundwater would not be affected by mining activities, since geological stratum
is unproductive with low permeability and sloping along the strike 20-30 to the south. The
groundwater is considered protected, so it can be concluded that the impact is less important.
(4)    WATER QUAUTY
Based on impact prediction analysis at the operation stage TSS input to river water will increase to 1.792
mgl. The value increase is considered very low. However, during operation the land clearing and stripping
occur for long period (25 years) and pollution spread is wider, range of components affected is great
enough. The impact is considered important with low value.
During mining operation it is estimated the occurrence of increase sulphate compound (0.02 mg/) from
the acidic water lecheate. while other compound Fe, Al increase are lower than sulphate. Impact of acidic
water to the river may increase Fe content and is not recommended for drinking water.
Effluent from mine drainage and dewatering especially during heavy rain wil enter the bwaterbody through
run-off to waterbody. With rainwater mixing the effect is low, so that the impact of crushing and stockpiling
is considered important since the existing waterbody has been polluted.
Likewise with the acidic water lecheate increase in the river water which is low. However since the river
is already fairly heavily polluted, this impact can be considered impotant with low value.
(5)    FLORA AND FAUNA
a.    Flora
Mining activities is planned to be developed on stage. contemporaneous backfilling, reclamation
and revegetation activities will reduce the magnitude and length of damage the forest habitat.
Loss of several vegetation species during mining activities as specially those which is protected
would not affect so much to the vegetation population of the region, since according, to index
similarity analysis those species could still be found in abundance in other places surrounding the
project site.
8AWA4MWP.Rrn. WEBS                            ELA-THE WEST ASAMASAM COAL MINE DEVELOPMENT
SOUTH KALIMANTAN



PT. ARUTMIW4 INDONr iA                                                          6- 11
Based on this evaluation the impact of mining activities to the floral habitat is negative less
important.
b.    Fauna
One the potential impacts of mine operation activities are a continwus land clearing al the mine
site and the appearance of mine puddles which may affect growth of disease vector (mosquitoes).
The mosquitoes has fling range of 40-60 Km, so thal potential for disease spread is high.
With the loss of vegetation and forest ecosystem affected by land clearing during mining
operation, cause decreasing habitat for wild life's shelter, resting, food earnings and home-range.
The mining activiies will cover approximately 750 ha land area, great part of the area has already
been logged-out and predominantly covered by grassland. The area is relatively small part of the
Asam-asam and Muara Asam-asam forest area (8.4 %). The total area of both villages is 14.900
Ha, while 60 % of the total area is still covered by forest (8,940 Ha).
Index similarity of project site to the surrounding forest habitat is quite high, this means the
ecosystem of the surrounding area would still be suitable for migratLng area for wild-lie high
mobility especially Aves (Birds).
However, for big mammals the loss of forest habitat in the area may have an influence lo the
limited. Beside those loss, shifting cultivation, forest felring and an increasing hunting activity by
villagers will add to the reduction of home range. In contrary, this would also affect disruption for
reducing food source in the forest. This impact is considered negative fairly important.
Increasing gaseous, smoke and noise caused by debris buming and mining activity may distract
wildlife from the mining ste surrounding. Air pollution will affect breathing disorder to the sensitive
animals. However, since the air quality in the project site is still below ambient limit this impact is
considered negative unimportant.
Other impacts during mining operafion is the occurrence of mine puddles and ponds created
during mining extraction. The ponds and puddles are good habitat for many species of mosquitoes
including Anopheles sp. which is found quite in abundance in the area. However, the mine
puddles is only small part of many areas surrounding the location which has the potential habitat
for the disease vector, since the area is surrounding by many small river creeks, ponds and
swamp areas.
BAWAA5WPLW. 2WE s                              EU-THE WEST ASAM.ASAM COAL MINE DEVELOPMENT
SOUTH KALIMANTAN



PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA                                                            6-12
This impacts would not change so much the existing condition for a growing habitat of mosquitoes
especially Anopheles sp., and the impacts in this sense is considered negative less important.
c.    Aquatic Biota
Impact at coal mining activity to the suspended solid level in the river low. Likewise for the aquatic
biota the impact conditions is considered important but low in value. Acidic water effects to the
aquatic biota is considered important with low Impact value. The overall impact value of mining
activities to the aquatic biola is considered important wilh low value
Emerich and Merritt (1969) reported that in lower pH water Fe content would incuease. In
Appalachia coal mine the mine drainage impact increase Fe content and reduce pH of
groundwater. Impact of acidic water to villagers dugwell is found (Simpang Ampat, Asam-asam
village) near the project site. The dugwell has lower pH level (4.0 - 5.3) and Fe. 0.48 - 0.60 mg/I
(ave. 0.68 mg/I. The condition is fairly cdose to the standard for drinking water by The Ministry
of Health (1990), i.e. Fe max = 1.0 mg/l. Since the dugwel depth is low (4.0 m) it is potential for
leachate entering the well.
It can be conduded that the impact of mine operation leachate and intrusion from mine puddles
to the villagers groundwater utilization is high especially in the southern part of mine sie. At mine
ske there would be no coal washing activity. Measurement at Satui settlement pond at crushing
and stock piling area indicate low pH level: 4.2, Fe 2.30 mg/I and sulphate 1,850 mg/l. Impact of
suspended solid from land clearing ard over burden removal to the river water is low, i.e 1.792
mg/I, however these impacts occur within long period of mine operation, has wide range of
affected components and may affect significant change the quality status of water body since the
river is already heavily polluted, the important level of impact of sold waste input in this stage is
classified as important with low value and magnitude.
Acidic waler lecheate affected by coal exlraction would also has significant impact to aquatic bioia.
Oxidation d pyrie produced ferro and sulphate acid. Low pH in waterbody will reduce life
expectancy of helerotrophic bacteria, especially Escherichia coli Fe content in acidic water could
be suspended as hydroxide compound (ferry oxide) affected fish gill, microphylae and microphytae
algae, which prevent photosynthesis process of aquatic flora. The influence of suspended Fe
would reduce biomass macroinvertebrate to 1 - 11 % from iniial value (Latterman and Mitsch,
1978).
S&WAMW Am. 2WEBS                               BA-THE WEST ASAMAS  COAL MIE DEVELOPMENT
SOUTH KALIMANTAN



PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA                                                            6 *13
Increase of sulphate content around 0.02 mg/I in the downstream area would affect significant
changes to water quality status. However since the waterbody has already been heavily polluted,
while the impact spread and range d component affected is wide the impact is consider important
will low magnitude value. Lecheate from stockpile area affected by rain-water is aciditic. Although
the acidic content is predicted low, since the receiving river is polluted the impact is occur in long
period and affected wide range of components the impact of coal crushing and stockpiling to Ihe
aquatic biola is important with low magnitude value.
(6)    SOCIO-ECONOMY & SOCIO-CULTURE
a.    a.    Employment and New Businesses
Mining operation is expected to absorb about 270 skilled and non skilled workers. Of this, 50-60%
will be skilled local workers and 40-50% non skilled such as gardeners, caretaker and others. The
impact is signilicant since declining in lost of logging activity as a traditional source of income can
be replaced by another activity which is relatively certain and continuous.
However, experience at Satui shows that involvement of local skilled and non skilled population
is rare, except for the Banjar people from outside the viilage/district. As mentioned previously, this
is due to a relatively low rate of return and subsistence pattern which depends on a quick cash
income. In futture when traditional activiy becomes scarce, then rate of retum will not be an issue
for the local population. There fore, the ocal population wil have a greater expectation when their
expectation falls short, then there will be dissatisfaction and tension which will be affected public
securiy as that experienced by Arutmin workers at Satui. Therefore the project aLuhorities must
anticipate such possibilities.
Another issue to be considered by the project authorities is the limited working contract which
does not promote continuity such as a 2 year contract wilh no possibility of extending. This must
be reconsidered to provide job security. The working contract which Arutmin has should also
extend among the contractors so as contract and permanent workers. Contracting is justified as
long as it is used to select staff for personal employment.
Related to personnel management, the implementation of practice carried out by foreign firms
must be done in stages. During the field research, we obtain information that the implementation
of regulation by foreign supervisors was deemed inflexible. Thus for this has not caused any
tension because the workers are migiants. But when the local population is involved, our
recommendation should be considered.
E[AWWAA.WP R l.0 2W7E.98S                      EIA-THE WEST ASAW-SAM COAL MINE DEVELOPMENT
SOUTH KAuMANTAN



PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA                                                            6- 14
The absorption of local work force is expected to be able to replace logging which has been the
local economic engine and will affect the population dependence on legalo and certain.
b.    The Growth d Settlement
The growth of population settlement al Asam-asam is very much affected by employment policy.
When the project is successful in absorbing local employment, hence growth of settlement will be
carried out in stages in accordance with the demand of the workers. Since local employment is
rare, then there will be a steep increase in demand for housing. This will give rise lo unplanned
settlement at Asam-asam. Although the local government has tried to plan settlement, nonetheless
setlements for migrant workers will not be properly planned. Since wright to the land along the
roads by the village ic limited, settlement become slack. When this not anticipated, there will be
negative impact on existing settlement plan. The opportunity for uncontrolled settlement growth
is relatively large due to the local Tuturutan tradition among the local population. Therefore to
avoid uncontrolled growth in housing eilher For individual use or rent regulation and supervision
must be carried out as early as possible.
c.    Mobility of Heavy Vehicles and Manpower
The non stop mobility of about 12 unit 108 tonne heavy vehicles will give rise to noise and air
pollution. The impact of such pollution on the local population is affected by the growth in
setttlement and involvement of local population in the project. If involvement is greater, then
transport mobility impact is relatively in significant such that settlement pattern can be controlled,
a controlled settlement can reducelprevent and air population in the area. To ensure low noise
and air pollution impact, buffer zones must be created ie. by planting trees wih multi layered
canopies along both sides of the road, especially. near the settlement areas.
6.3    POST MINING OPERATION STAGE
(1)    CLIMATE
During post mining stage, backfilling and revegationlreclamation will be conducted. These activiy would
affect increase heat with assumption that perfect combustion will produce lots of C02. Including smoke,
dust or particulate the concentration will reach more than abient level of 260 pirnm3. The appearance of
gaseous and particulate in the air will block reflective radiation from the ground, which will cause
increasing heat. Heat emitted from heavy vehicle motor will add the temperature level and could reach the
level of 30.50C (the temperature at Kapuk forest with already selectively logged-out and covered by thatch-
grass opening). This is cause by incomplete revegelaton and new revegetation are still very small.
BAWAAosWPAEO. 2WE ON                           9ATHE WEST ASAMI COAL MINE DEVELOPMENT
SOUTH KAUMANTAN



PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA                                                            6- 15
The mine area would still in the same hot and arid conditIon affecting faligue and thirst to the workers,
Since the reclaimed area is revegetated by seedlings. The Impact to the climate will be temporaly until
the seedlings grows into trees. And il is insignificani due to the limited spread only to the local micro-
climale and affecling workers.
With the initiation of reclamation and revegetation programme the impact wil probably tum into positive
impact if the programme is successFully to recover the fairly damne secondary forest characterized the
project site. Impact of post mining aclivities would significantly small, unimportant, even can be fully
recovered.
(2)    AIR QUALITY AND NOISE
The source for air pollution is exhaust gaseous, C,H,, C02, SO2, NO2, and Pb (which will depends in
perfectness of combustion), soil dust and mix with coal particulate. Polluter gas (CO. S02, NOx) and Pb
is .ery dangerous to the human health and could cause death. While C02 occur on photosynthesis
balance, those gases, together with particulale, dust and C02 would cause a green-house effect adding
to ground surface heal, absorbing in wave length 12 - 18 pm. Gas S02 emitted during terrestrial radiation,
NOx, CxHy will perform photochemical reaction, forming smog (smog-ozon), and in complex process could
also produce acid rain from the S02 elements. Both gases effect are very dangerous to human life , in
this case mining workers. CO gas could affect collaps i inhaled at concentration 9,000 pn/m3 or 8-14
ppm in a week (Al. Slamet Riyadi. 1982).
Beside affecting temperature increase of particulate/dust in diameter 1-3 tLm and 0.1-1.1 Am, would also
enter the lung's alveoli and settled. Physiologically will influence lympheid and also pneumoconiosis
(accumulation of dust in lung).
Noise level, affected by heavy vehicle above 70 dB (acceptable ambient) could reduce hearing sensitivity.
If the noise level reach the level of Muara Satui Terminal (89 dB, field measurement), this will cause
lengthy deaf.
The impact is short and non continuous during backfilling and reclamation, occur locally and does not far
spreading (because in the middle of the forest), so that the affected is small. The impact also can be
reduced thought perfect combustion of the machineries, it istaliment of filter in the exhaust. The impact
is quite important and can not be neglected.
BAWA4OsWPAR. 207E EOS                          EIA-THE WEST ASAMASAM COAL MINE DEVELOPMENT
SOUTH KAU1MANTAN



PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA                                                           6- 16
(2)    PHYSIOGRAPHY
a.    Morphology & Topography
rFeclamation and revegelation Is planned to recover the area into its natural vegetation. This
objective would not be technically feasible and the topography will not completely recover and
revegetalion could only refurbish the area rather than complete recovery in imilaling its natural
landscepe vegetation. The impact is considered positive but less important.
b.    Soil Properties
Reclamation and revegetation will improve soil properties and fertility even better than pre-mining
stage, so that the impact can be considered postive and important.
c.    Land Use
Recovery of forest ecosystem by reclamation and revegelation would increase the forest
ecosystem in the region. Besides compared to the previous land use condiion of schrub low
density of trees and dominancy of grassland the new forest revegetation will improve the
condition. The impact ca,. be considered positive and important.
(3)    HYDROLOGY
a.    Surface Water
Forest refurbishment will regulate run-off if compared to the existing fairly damage ecosystem
condition. The impact of reclamation and revegetation is considered positve. However the
existence of mine puddles with probability of the existence of acidic water has to be further
studied to mitigate impacts.
b.    Erosion and Sedimentation
Contemporaneous reclamation revegetation process which is conducted parallel to mining
operation stage will be finalized during post mining stage. By the end of mining sales cease
al-nos! al! mine site area has already been covered by trees and ground cover. Hence, reduces
significanily erosion level and sedimentation level (the 1 st year A=1 38 tonne/Halyr, the 2nd year
reduces into A=27.6 tonne/Ha/yr). The impact spread is wide and it is considered positive
important.
EAWAAM.WPI.E 207EIB5                          ElIHE WEST ASAM-ASAM COAL MINE DEVELOPMENT
SOUTH KALMANTAN



PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA                                                              6- 17
(4)    WATER QUALITY
Reclamalion and revegetation will affect decreasing sulphate level in run-off (90%). This condition would
effect significant decrease in impact at Asam-asam river, since redamation and revegetation can reduce
quantity of run-off water. Finalization of back-filling activity would still have an effect to the water qualily
of waterbody. It is estimated TSS of 2 x 1.1 mg/I increase. Post mining activities is conducted along project
life cycle and similar to other stage these activities would affect the same impact process. The impact is
considered important but low in magnitude.
Reclamation and revegetation however would affect positive impact to the environmental, reducing run-off
and 90 % of sulphate content in run-off water, thus stabilize the river and its tributuaries. Likewise for
acidic lecheate, the intensity is also reducing with mining operation cease and reduction of run-off intensity.
The impact is considered positive and important.
(5)    FLORA AND FAUNA
a.     Flora
Changes of land-use and conversion of the forest function from conversion forest to HTI would
create another. Impact, ie the growth of revegetation pest of the homogenous forest.
Betterment and development of new infra structure by the project, especially a road structure, will
improve access to the forest. This will affect in creasing shifting cultivation activities, illegal felMing,
increasing damage to the forest habitat and further loss of economical species of trees. Even
nowadays the villagers are still intensively using wood fuel for their domestic activities. With regard
to the damage to Ihe floral habitat affected by post mining activities, the impact is considered
negative and fairly importanl. However, reforestation to HTI of the mining she which will be
conducted continuously and will be final during post mining stage is considered positive and
important. However a homogen forest is low diversity can increase pest habitat.
b.     Fauna
The source of potential impact of post mining activities is reclamation and revegetation. The
activity as well as the impacts during backflling and reclamation would still be sinilar to the mining
activilies, but less intensive. Therefore the impact can be considered negative and less important.
The revegetaion activity may require fresh land for seedling prior to be planted in the reclaimed
area. The character of impact would be similar to the land dearing ac&Iw -j, but less intensive and
confined in much smaller area. The impact can be considered negative and unimportant.
E8WAACs.WP.R.0aLw 20E                           EIWTHE WESr ASAMASAM COAL MINE DEVELOPMENT
SOUTH KAZJMANTAN



PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA                                                            6-18
It can be predicted, due to the poor condition of nuirients and thin layer of top soil in the area, that
the forest cannot be fully recovered into heterogenous forest, besides the government had already
allocate the area for future Hutan Tanaman Indonesia (Homogenous Production Forest). Change
of this kind would permanently affected the wildlife habitat. The diversity and population of wildlife
would be not fully reestablished except for bird and other tolerance animals. Based on this
evaluation Ihe impact of post mining activities to wildlife is considered negative less important.
c.    Aquatic Biota
Redamation and revegetation will affect increasing ground cover which will in turn would decrease
run-off and suspended solid sedimentation in the downstream Asam-asam River. However due
to the condition small changes will affect wider spread. Condition the impact of the post mining
activities to the aquatic biota is considered imporant with low value.
(6)    SOSIO-ECONOMI & SOCIO-CULTURE
a.    Backfilling
From a sosio-economic activity, back filling activity generates employment and business such as
transportation for back filling materials. When such opportunity is available to the local population.
then there will significant positive impact. This is because in less then 10 years, business
opportunily will be scarce. Therefore the existence of a stable business opportunity will help the
process of structural change in the regions economy to be carried out in stages. However, such
employment andlor business opportunities is dependent on the project plan for reclamation
activities ignoring back filling of previous mining ske means improper land use which will not draw
sympathy from the next generation who cannot reap any benefi of their land. Therefore back
filling andlor rehabiliation of previous mining site must be thoroughly considered to guarantee
sustainability of the local land resource.
b.    Revegetalion
Revegetation of previous mining site is affected by the areal development plan experience shows
that revegetation is not a simple job. It requires special studies or is feasibility and function.
Therefore revegetation must be acconted in plans for back filling. Apart from that, revegetation
generates employment of about 50-100 non skilled workers. This figure is significant especially
for retiring employees. Therefore, development of previous mining location must consider such
employees.
BIXWAA,.WR.RP. 20WE BES                        0A-THE WEST ASAM-SAM COAL MINE DEVELOPMENT
SOUTH KAUMANTAN



PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA                                                            6 19
c.    Termination Employment Contract
The effect of terminating employment contract at the mine is longterm, complex and affect various
regional sosio-economic activities. Experience at Bangka and Belilung shows that dependence
on mining activities will affect the economic structure of the population. Taking into consideration
that termination of employment contract is still in the distant future, there is a need for a detailed
study on the potentials and limitations of other local resources which are available for
development in the future.
ESAWAA.caWP.ROL 207E O                         EIA.THE WEST ASAMASAM COAL MINE DEVELOPMENT
SOUTH KALJMANTAN



CHAPTER 7
GUIDELINES FOR IMPACT MANAGEMENT
...................................................................a.......................
THE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF
THE WEST ASAM-ASAM COAL MINING PROJECT
IN BLOCK 6, SOUTH KAUMANTAN - INDONESIA
PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA



PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA                                                            7 -
CHAPTER 7
GUIDELINES FOR IMPACT MANAGEMENT
7.1    THE SCOPE OF IMPACT MANAGEMENT
Based on the Environmental Impact Assessment (ANDAL) has been identified the presence of the
negative impacts, originated from the proposed coal mining activities in the West Asam-asam reserve
area, so that it is important to carry out an environmental impact management.
Environmental impact management is principally an integrated effort of utilization, planning, maintenance,
supervision, control, recovery and development of the environment.
The success of the integrated management efforl is very much depends on the method/techniques of
impact management will be executed. Formulation of methods/techniques for environmental impact
mafiagement is based on regional development policy, the result of environmental impact assessment
(ANDAL). financial and technology availability of the impact management.
72    GUIDELINES FOR IMPACTS MANAGEMENT
(1)    CLIMATE, AIR QUALITY AND NOISE LEVEL
Environmental impact management for climate air quality and noise will require specific method and
technique, and will involve relevant instiution, agency and the local people in coordinative and integrative
manner, in accordance lo the Govemment regulation.
Environmental impact management for climate, air and noise components is conducted with the following
method:                       I
a.    Active Method, to miigate the impacts originated from pollution sources:
Reclamation/Revegetation techniques recover the affected environment.
Muting of pollution sources by improvement of combustion machineries, generator, etc.
AWAAM7WP RMn. 20E B                            ElA-THE WEST ASAMSWAM COAL MINE DEVELOPMENT
SOUTH KALMANTAN



PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA                                                             7-2
Neutralization techniques, in passive waylnatural and activelartificial, to the pollution
effluent, gaseous, smoke, dust, and noise. Likewise for rain water containing pollution
malters from air by using raw materials which is harmless to the environment.
b.    Passive Method, to prevent pollution through spread and affected object:
Reduction of pollution affecting impacted object (in this case, human, flora, fauna, land and
air).
Periodic monitoring of impacted object, minimum once in a year.
Social participation to avoid and reducing impact which has been spread by development
of healthy settlements acceptable to government standard, and following the instruction on
environmental health.
Proponents compensation (medical service and check-up, environmental recovery,
resettlements).
Proponents in coordinaling with govemment agency develop environmental monitoring
station (in this case meteorological, air quality and noise) and other facilities, so that the
community would open up cooperation and could perceive the benefit of the proponents
existence.
Preparation of organization, responsibility supervision and funding of environmental
management plan.
In the environmental impacts management especially for climate air quality and noise pollution the
proponent can work in cooperation with local authority through relevant agency and other privale
group, universities or non govemmental organization funded by both the proponent and
government.
(2)    GEOLOGY
The impacts to the geological components affected by the mining operation activities is generally stripping
and reclamation. The character of impacts caused by changes in geological structure is land movement
in the farm d soil creep, land slide or subsidence. Loss of geological structure balance geohydrological
pattem and gravitation has to be considered in environmental management. Alternative for entironmental
mitigative measures are as follows:
Overburden dumping and backfilling shall be compacted in layers and well drainage to avoid
rupture and land sliding.
Mining boxcut highwall shall be design in benches and slope acceptable for soil and geological
structure condition.
EBWAAwP.RL. 207EBW                            13A-THE WEST ASAM-ASAM COAL MINE DEVELOPMENT
SOUTH KAUMANTAN



PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA                                                            7. 3
Mining area shall have buffer zone area acceptable to avoid damage of settlements affected by
land movement or local seismic.
All mining infrastruclure and civil works and foundation shall follow the acceptable slandard and
seismic regulations.
(3)    HYDROLOGY
The important impacts to the hydrological components is increasing erosion/sedimentation and run-off in
the project site affected by land clearing and stripping. The impacts can be mitigate by the following
method:
Erosion has to be prevented from entering the waterbody by developing drainage control system
and settlemeni/sedimentation pond to enable particulate and suspended solid to settle and filtered
prior to entering the surface water.
Overburden shall be backFilled to the mining pit as much as possible to avoid excessive dumping
site erosion polential
- Avoidance of long period of bare land exposure and reduction shall be conducted by revegetation
in stages in accordance to the mining process.
Salvage and replacement of top soil to its natural condition as conlemporaneous as possible and
recovery of soil condtion by applying limestone and fertilizers.
Development of mining plan which gives way for contemporaneous back filling of overburden.
Backfilling of overburden as much as possible to the mining pit and limit of out of pit dumping
-     Pursuing contemporaneous reclamation and are vegetation.
(4)    RIVER WATER QUALITY
River water quality will be affected by the mining activity. Spills leachate from mining drainage control
system including settling ponds system will affect the river waterbody, especially during rainy seasons
when the drainage water exceeding settling ponds capacity. Erosion caused by land openings and mining
would increase run-off and erosion, thus will affect increase sedimentation level and suspended solid in
river water.
The impacts management for river water quality are as follows:
Reclamation and revegetation of contemporanous backfilled mining pit as soon as the pit activity
cease.
Properly sizing of sedimentation ponds system to avoid overflow of capacity especially during
rainy season.
ELKWAp7.&.wLwp  2MEBBS                         EIL4iHE WEST ASAMAM COAL MINE DEVELOPMENT
SOUTH KAIJMANTAN



PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA                                                             7 4
Properly regulate and designed of dewalering system and plan to avoid high fluctuation range
dewatering
Preparation of lecheate water settling pond and treatment to be filtered and settled down
suspended solid and to neutralize acidic water. It is estimated the senling pond would content 600
m3 lecheate (1 0x20x3) in each ROM stockpile shall be constructed 2 settling ponds. Stockpile at
PLTU site shall also be equpped with 2400 m3 settling pond with staged process purification.
It is important to ensure that Morphological Hydrological, Soil Erosion and sedimentation or intrussion of
technical compound trill further affect the water quality (surface and groundwater) which very important
impact of mining activities 1o local people welfare.
Figure 7-1 represent the impacted area to be monitored and taken precantion in order to minimize the
afore mentioned impacts of mining activities.
(5)    BIOLOGICAL COMPONENTS
a.     Flora
Polential source of impact of mining activities to the flora components predominantly land clearing
which may affect loss of vegetation species in the project site. In miigating the impact the
following environmental management measures shall be carried out:
-    Revegetation shall be conducted as contemporaneously as possible in stages following the
progressing of mining activities.
Revegetation shall considered the vegetation function to the overall ecosystem resiliency.
Top soil salvage shall be conducted in such away to avoid leaching of nutrients, or to
improve soil fertilizing by using additve materials (fertilizers etc.)
Conducting instructional training in cooperation with local authority and relevant agency on
the importance of flora and fauna conservation related to iRs ecological and hydrological
function.
b.    Wildlife
The potential source of impacts of the mining activilies to the wildlife habitat is loss of vegetation
habitat for wildlife during land dearing. In mitigating the impacts the following management
measures has to be considered:
EBW    WP R a    H7E.BS                        EIATHE WEST ASAMAM COAL MINE DEVELOPMENT
SOUTH KALIJMANTAN



E2850D0               X                E290000  1 1  i                         E295000          7 5
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~-                      . .  . S   m -:-! ; 
FIGURE 7.1                                                       _____              ___    __
GVIDLINES FOR MONITORING AND MANAGEMENT 7  - ____5 AS                            ___    ___
OF EROSION AND RIVER DISCHARCH'.
NOTES                                             r1N9560000
FIGURE]7AREA To BE
0 §*   MlONTORING LOCATION OF SEDIMENT
(ii) * |] RIVER DlSCHARGE MONITORINGLOGRTO
O 05  I  1.5      2.5KM
[-ej | SEDMBWONTROL DAM



PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA                                                             7 - 6
Reclamation and revegetation shall be conducted as contemporaneously possible to
refurbish the natural condition with native species suitable for wildlife habitat.
Spread out information and instruction to the proponent's staff workers and contractors on
the importance of conservation effort especially flora and fauna
Regulate corporate instruction which prohibie the proponents staff and workers from
hunting, catching or trading wildlife.
Consolidation and coordination with local authority especially forestry Department regarding
conservation of forest and iRs related aspects, especially related to hunting, catching,
trading of wildlife, shifting cultivation, and illegal tree felling.
c.    Aquatic Biola
The aquatic biota (plankton, benthos, nekton) will be affected by the mining activity. Spills lecheate
from mining drainage control system including settling ponds system will affect the river
waterbody, especially during rainy seasons when the drainage water exceeding settling ponds
capacity.
The impacts management for river water quality are as follows:
-    Contemporanously revegetation and recamation of mining area.
-    Properly sizing of sedimentation ponds system to avoid overflow of capacity especially
dLzing rainy season.
-    Properly regulate and designed of deaering system and plan to avoid high fluctuation
range dewatering
-    Preparation of overflow and permanent settling pond and treatment to filtered and settled
down suspended solid and to neutralize acidic water.
(6)    SOCIO-ECONOMIC AND CULTURAL GUIDEUNES.
a.   To avoid speculation in land claims, several actions must be taken.
-    Cooperate with the local government to 'cose' the project area site, but at the same
time,
-    Provide information regarding employment opportunities and business ethic for the
local population can take benefit of the project. This information will be the basis for
the local government to conduct business and skill training.
BAWAACtWd RPA 2a7ELtB                          EIA-THE WEST ASAMIASA COAL MINE DEvEoPMENT
SOUTH KAIJMANTAfN



PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA                                                             7 - 7
b.   As far as it is possible, construction of project infrastructure and facilities should be made
available to local businesses. The provision of such opportunities must be accompanied
by training and supervision from the related departments. This will provide employment
opportunity for the local population. Such training will reduce unwanted compelition and
do jealousy do to the facilities and abilties of other groups.
c.   In using local labour from the operational staff, employment status should be changed over
a period of time from project employee to permanent employee. Likewise with the
implementation of personnel adrministrative working contracts regulation, especially working
contracts wilh foreign companies. The involvement of local labour will significantly assist
in changing the structure of dependence and subsistence pattem of the local population.
d.   To anticipate the growth of unplanned settlement there is a need to design regional land
use plan especially for Asam-asam and nearby areas.
e.   To avoid noise and air pollution, buffer zones must be built along both sides of the road,
especially those bordering or near housing complexes. These zones must be planted with
Irees to which can provide muki-layered canopies.
f.    Reclamation, replanting and closing mining activities are activities with wide and complex
dimension. Therefore, i needs to be analyzed and planned in detail in an environmental-
cum-development plan which encompass regional-cum-development plan.
EBAWAAOtWPW.R 27EBOS                           EIA.THE WEST ASAM-ASAM COAL MINE DEVELOPMENT
SO(JTH KAlJMANTAN



APPENDICES
THE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF
THE WEST ASAM-ASAM COAL MINING PROJECT
IN BLOCK 6, SOUTH KAUMANTAN - INDONESIA
PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA



APPENDIX 1.
AIR QUALITY DATA ANALYSIS
............................................................................................................................
THE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF
THE WEST ASAM-ASAM COAL MINING PROJECT
IN BLOCK 6, SOUTH KALIMANTAN - INDONESIA
PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA



{LABORATORIUM KIMIA FISIK JULRUSAN KIMIA
rALiKULTAK M4TEMATIKX  CAN ILMU PNGUQTAHUAN ALAM
UNtVESSRTAS P^AJAODJARAN
Jlan Slngapurhbngso No. 2 TIlp. 93271 - 79 Pas. 177 Bandung 40133
HASIL ANALISIS KUALITAS UDARA
RENCANA TAMBANG BATU BARA. KECAMATAN JORONG
KABUPATEN TANAH LAUT - KALIMANTAN SELATAN
RUDE~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
RUDE                  KONSIIAS  POLUANt ) .4E 
m.WASI   sNO.         1 |    co     HaS     C,H,      Pb      DEBU
1   1 - 1      13.1    48.3    252.4    0.9    51,8       z23,     195,6
2   1 - 2       6,7    25,3    146.7    tt      31,8        9.7    153.9
3   2 - 1       3,8    14.6    218.4    tt      31,8        3.,   144.8
4   2 - 2       5.6    16,1      31.4    tt      12,6       tt      89.7
5   3 - 1       9.4    22.8    229.2    tt      28.5       28.9   147,5
6   3 - 2       4.6    18,0    190,8    tt      20,7        7.2    141.7
7   4 - 1       3.8    13.9    229.2   tt       21.3        8.7    96.3
8   4- 2        8.6    21.8    267.5    0.6    24,5         9.4    113.6
9   5 - 1       1.9    19.5   486.1    1.5    46.7         24.1    95,2
10   5- 2        1.0    14.4    345.6    0,8    35.2        13.0    84.0
11   6- 1        1,9    12.2   364.6    tt       43.1       24.6    63,0
12   6 -2        1.9     8.9    23,02    tt      38.0       13.9     85.&
13   7- 1       13.8    68.4    587,7    1.1    54.2        34,9    107.9
14   7- 2       13.8    71.1    458.3    tt      41.0       12. 1    179.6
15   8 - 1       3.8    14.4    557,7    0.9    41,5        18.3.  110.4
16   8 - 2       2.2    11.1    287.1    tt      30.0        9.0  ' 72.6
17     9        17,5    92.1   2681.0    3.5    89.1        16.7    112.5
KeteraLngwn   Pengambilan swivel tngl1t7 & N-2   opernber 1993
1) tt       tidak terdeteksi
2) Lokasi =
1-1   Rencana PLTU,      jam 12.35-14.05  6-1   Hutan Gardu. jiam 08.55-10.55
1-2 = RencanF PLTU,      jam 06.30-08.30  6-2   Hutan Gardu. ian 14.45-16.35
2-1 =Hutan Cenarn.       jam 14.35-15.55  7-1 = Jalan Raya, jam 08.30-10.30
2-2   Hutan Cenara.      jam 09.00-10.45  7-2 = Jalatr Raya, jam 15.40-17.20
3-1   Hutan Buang-buawg, jam 16.25-17.55  8-1 = Hutan Kapuk. jam 06.00-08.00
3-2   Hutan Buang-buang, jam 11.30-13.30  8-2 = Hutan Rapuk. Jam 13.20-15.20
4-1   Hutan KintaLb,     jam 15.00-17.00  9   = Penimbunan bstubara
4-2   Hutan Kintab,      jam 10.30-12.30
4                  5-1   Rencana Tatmbang,  jam 06.15-08.15
5-2   Rencana Tambang.  jam 12.45-14.45
Bandung, 29 tiopemaber 1993
Kepala Labo  ourn Kimia Fisik - UtIPAD
\ - ohn Xaundana. MS.
*                       1~~~~~~~~~~~~30345088



LA BO RATORIU M KIMIA FIPIK JURUSAN KIMIA
PAKULTAU MATEMlTIKA DAN ILMU PENSBUTAHUAN ALAM
.5i ,., S                        UNIVERSITAS  PADJADJAANM
Julin Slngmpurbmngum No. 2 TAlp. 83271 - 78 Pon. 177 Bandung 40133
DATA LAPANGAN PENGUKURAN TINGKAT KEBISINGAN
RENCANA TAMBANG BATU BARA ASAM-ASAM - KALIMANTAN SELATAN
1.
L o k a . 1         : Renoana PLTI (Pemuklmn penduduk dekat pabrik
Sam Hill).
Waktu Pengukuran     Jam  12.35 - 14.05
Kebiuingan (dBA)   :37 - 39 - 42 - 41 - 51    48 - 49 - 54 - 50 - 60
60 - 59 - 38 - 38 - 40    41 - 43 - 38 - 39 - 40
Rnta-rata = 45.3           Minimum   = 37
Maksium  = 60
Wlaktu Pengukuran     Jan 06.30 - 08.30
Kebisingan  (dBA)   :44 - 45 - 45 - 48 - 45    48 - 50 - 63 - 60 - 82
37 - 38 - 39 - 37 - 41  .40 - 49 - 39 - 44 - 45
Rata-rata = 45,7           Hinimm   = 37
Haksim   = 62
Sumber suoarra          ktifitas penduduk, Hesin  Saw  Mill,  Loder,  suara
binatang/burung
2.
L o k a s i           Hutan Rnpuk (Hutan kayu dan alang-slang dekat pabrik
Saw Hill).
Waotu Pengukuran    : Jam 14.35 - 15.55
Kebisirngan  (dBA)   :46 - 44 - 37 - 36- 3       37 - 36 - 37 - 40 - 41
50 - 61 - 37 - 37 -37    45 - 45 - 46 - 46 - 57
Rats-rata  42,6            Hinimum   = 36
Hasimumn    = 61
Waktu Pengukuran    : Jam 09.00 - 10.45
Kebisingan  (dBA)   :37 - 37 - 38 - 41 -39       38 - 35 - 37 - 36 - 37
47 - 44 - 45 - 43- 42      37 - 36 - 46 - 49 - 49
43 - 41 - 49 - 42- 40    Minimum   = 35
Rata-rata = 41,7           Haksiman = 49
Somber soars          Suara binatang/bururo, pesawat udara
3.
L o k a s i           Hutan Bung-buang  (sekitar I Ku. dari jalmn rayan
Waktu Pengulkuran    : Jam 16.25 - 17.55
Kebisingan  (dBA)   :40 - 41 - 51 - 37 -38    44 -41 - 37 - 37 - 38
37 - 37 - 40 - 41- 36    36- 40 - 45 - 44 - 41
Rata-rata = 40,1           Hinimus   = 36
Mmksimum  = 51
Waktu Penguoairn    : Jm 11.30 - 13.30
4                   Kebisingan  (dBA)   :38 - 37 - 36 - 36- 35    44 -41 - 37 - 37 - 38
43 - 42 - 42 - 39- 37    36- 40 - 45 - 44 - 41
Rata-rata = 40.1           Minimum   = 36
Maksimum  = 51
Sumber suara        : Suara binatangburung, kendaraun dari jiln ray
* <~~~~~~~~g_
%~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~r,~ .                                   t
N~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~



LABORATORlIUM KIMIA =ISIK JURUSAN KIMIA
FAKULTAO MATKMATIKA DNM ILMU PENGUTAHUAN ALAM
,,}.3|;, /,                    UNIVSSnTAS PFOJAJANAN
Juan Slngaperbangso No. 2 TIlp. 83271 - 78 P.. 177 Bandting 40133
4.
L o k i a    I      :Huton Klintab (tWnimfn senon)
Vsktu I'erguktwran    :Jan 15.00 .- 17.00
KabisIngarn  (dBA)   : 44 - 41 - 40 - 42 - 44    46 - 47 - 44 - 44 -40
83 - 44 - 39 - 37 -36      47 - 47 - 47 - 44 -42
38 - 36 - 41 - 44 -5B      Hininn   = 36
Data-rata  44.2            HaIklmum  = 68
Wmktu Pengukurun    :Jan 10.30- 12.30
Kebisingan  (dBA)   :62 - 53 - 53 - 5S  - 55    40 - 40 - 41 - 40 - 39
*   9-45-43-465-8          81-79-41-39-40
44 - 42 - 42 - 43 - 43     Hinimum   = 39
Fata-rats = 51,7           Maksimum  = 81
Sumber suara        :Renaruan pengsngkut kayu, binatang/burung
5.
L.a k a s i         : Rencona Tmnbang Batubara (huton kayu)
Waktu Pengukuran      Jam 08.15 - 08.15
Kebisingan  (dBA)   :45 - 44 - 45 - 44 - 48      46 - 45 - 47 - 46 - 47
44 - 44 - 45 - 44 - 44     51 - 50 - 52 - 49 - 50
RatA-rata = 46,5           Hinimum   = 44
Haksinum  = 52
baktu Pengukuran    : Jm 12.45 - 14.45
gebisingan  (dBA)   :46 -46 - 45 - 52 - 53    40 - 39 - 42 - 39 - 42
42- 46 - 47 - 47 - 46    41 - 43 - 45 - 43 - 41
Data-rata = 44,5          Hin.mum   = 39
Haksimum  = 52
Sumber suara        : endaran pengangkut kayo. binatan8/burung-
6.
L o k asi           :Htn Gardu (huttn kayu)
Waktu Pengukursn    : 3m 08.55 - 10.55
Kebisingan  (dBA)   :55 - 54 - 54 - 54 - 57      65 - 59 - 59 - 64 - 61
49 - 49 - 50 - 50 - 51     59 - 57 - 55 - 54 - 54
Rats-rats = 55.6          Hinimum I     49
Haksimus = 64
Uaktu Pengukuran    : Jam 14.45 - 16.35
Kebisingfn  (dBA)   :.52 - 54 - 5B - 45 - 46     47 - 47 - 59 - 55 - 48
46 - 46 - 54 - 54 - 50    47-47 - 46 -51 - 51
Rata-rata = 49,7          Hinimum   = 46
Haksimum = 56
Sumber suara        : Kendarsan pengangkut kayo, binatwnWburong
Loka s              : Pinggir Jalan Raya Huara Satui
Waktu Pengukuran    : Jam OB.30 - 10.00
Kebisingan  (ciBA)    92 - 45 -    - 52 9        43-  43-46- 46 - 44
9 - Bs6 -45 - 76 - 91    go -  e8 - 79 - 45 - 43
75 - 81 - 45 - 46 - 94    Hinimum   =43
Rata-rata = 66.2          HMaksiEm  2 94
.tQp 



LAMORATORIUM KIMIA FISIK JURUSAN KIMIA
PAKULTAS MATgMATI4      A, DAN OLMU PENOttAHUAN ALAM
\ me ,^, ,,                 UNIVENSITAS  PADJAbJANAN
Juln Singperbangos No. 2 Tilp. 83271   78 Pa.. 177 Bandung 40133
Waktu Pengukuran    : Jam 15.40 - 17.20
Kebisingan  dBA)    78 - 72 - 48- 47 - 82         44 - 46 - 45 - 89 --78
67 - 81 - 73 - 44 - 44      87 - 79 - 45 - 43 - 43.
89 - 87 - 42 - 43 - 45     Hinim    = 42
Rata-rata = 60.8           HakLim    = 89'
Sumber suara          Kendaran truk, sedan, minibus, rotor
8.
L o k ant            : Hutan Ktapk (cnpuran padma  ilalang den kayu)
Waktu PeTIgukuran     Jaum 08.00 - 08.00
*ebisingan  (dBA)   :42 - 44 - 44 - 44 - 44       55 - 54 -55 - 46 - 48
51 - 51 - 50 - 49 - 52     40 - 41 -44 - 45 - 40
58 - 55 - 54 - 54 - 55     Minium   = 40
Rata-rata   48,4           Maksima  = 56
Waktu Pengukuran    : Jam 13.20 - 15.20
Kebisiawan   (dBA)   :40 - 39 - 43 - 40 - 45      43 - 44 -42 - 45 - 41
41 - 42 - 46 - 40 - 47      44 - 40 -39 - 39 - 39
43 - 43 -44 - 44 - 45       Minimum   = 39
Rata-rata   42,3           Hakksimuu  = 47
Sumber suara          Kendaraun pengangkut kayu, bintang/burung
S.
L a k a s i          : Peniibunan Batuba.ra. Huara Satui
WIaktu Pengukuran    : Jam 07.50 - 09.20
Kebisingan   (dBA)   :
Rata-rata   80,3
Hinimum   = 63
Mak-simum    89
Sumber suara          Rompresor, kapal pengangkut batubarm
(HASIL ANALISIS KUALITAS UDARA ... HALAI BEUIDJT)
^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~1t KI*h



APPENDIX 2.
WATER QUALITY DATA ANALYSIS
............................................................................................................................
THE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF
THE WEST ASAM-ASAM COAL MINING PROJECT
IN BLOCK 6, SOUTH KAUMANTAN - INDONESIA
PT. ARUTMIN INDONESIA



Appendix 2.
Table 1. WATER QUALITY DATA AND STATUS ANALYSIS (FOR CLASS B)
(NAIYAH RIVER, ASAM-ASAM WATERSHED)
No.            Pauwmmee             Unk                                      Mu.        Min.      Avw.    Chi. B    status
A         o        C                                     Cillula   Ousilly
PHYSICAL
I  Tern  aWurnWaMu              '           271       27.9       28        25       27.9    27.93    Nra
2_       TempLrAue Al                               30      30      3 0          30         30                      ___W
3      ___ __ __                      4          102       No        95       102         95-:IOOD                    _
4__      T____                       n-gA           so__     go        63        90         60     71____
5   ViiM  ~i~                Umhios1an        117 I   fl     ...¶ir       11-9      -d       Ile$3__
6 .     IUID--   -----__         UnnPo        3.4          3.       2,8        4         2.82   3I,067_
7.    Tara  ncp,y                     Cm. 
U.    Tiiil         ____                        22.5     210       209.5     22.        20.5    21,33       -
CHEMICAL
1.  pH   ____                       6,~~~~~~          ~~~~~5 6.7  60 637      a~             5.1
2:        jsoI~e   xg                            7,        78         8       7.8        7,7,77              6 __
__                                   m           0.006    L004       00       0.M6       O         0,0       10  
N0___        _ N  ______0.112    0.090    0.132    0,132                              0      _0 ____
5.      __________ ~~~~mgm            0.080    0.060     0.070      0,08       0.07    0,07___
6.                  ______         rngr        0.344    0.32      0.345    0,345       0,322_  0,337              ___
7.    TiiW  _____     Tfl9~~~   0.282    0,241       0,290      0,29      0.24      0.271               _
8.     Hardness    _____           mj          16.70     6,40   -20,80       20,8        8.4    16.30                -
9.mJ                                             3.2      2,8       3.4       3.4        2.5    3.133      600i-
-16                                            O4             DM_00__0,00    003                          0.1
11:-___                             mg          0.0   0 003        000 I       04      i0                   400
12__                                 nigAi                    9.2     516       516         59    50         400
1~                          m-3.40.3.4                      3. 0       3.0        5.24    .3            -      -
14                        ~~~~~ ~~~~~~mgi    t_ d 3.40      ud4 3.50 t3.        3ud4       ud.533   0
rng9            udi      WI         di       udt-      udi       udl    0.0    ___
16.,    As--ill   -iia                                              -1         ul          d- -          - Di_o _     _
_17  ba                             -~~~~~~~~~~m  d ml    udi     -udt        udi      -  _uI    0.05
___         _______        rng~~~~~~~~~~~~   7 udT  td      udif    -   udt .   -_   udi    0ud6   1,0
18.    Fe              nigh ~~~~~~~~~0017    0.168      0,172    0.17       0.106    0.0167    150
20.    Cdng1ui__d                                                     d         d         udt       udt    0,05
22.      Mi ih                                   0.02       udl  ..J0         0.02        udl    0.013      0,5
23.    1                              gF          22        31         2       3h2        1.8      2.40 _      _ _ _
24.                                               ud_ 5f    'i I                 I        i         u         
25.    Ag_tudWi                                             'iF        ft   _UdF-         udF   .I ut
Zn             ______                        045       uil        d        udi       udi       udt    0,01 ___
27  Zn        _______          mg       0__45_    0,30         0,48      0,48       0,30    0,410      5      ___
26.                ____             ngA           udi      udt       udi       udt        udi      udt      , 
26.  U  ____           nigII         udi~~~~~~~v  WI   _&WI                   dF               1,0    _    _
30.    Pb  ____                      e~~~~~~~~~~~dt  udt  ii     Wud         uii      eudl     01 
___    ____                             e~~~~~~~~~~~~~~dt   uI  -udr-  WuI  ~W   __d -1-
33.    Deter en                     rngi        0.002    0.001     000       0,002      0.001    002        0,5       -
34.    Fnenag                                     gmUd   ---ar          -~i  ~ifo         iiFa  ---        0,002    _ _
35___    Aidrin                                     ud. ___  udt       udt      udt        udi       udt    0.017    _ _
36.     Dilri___                   jg4            udt       udI      udl       udl        udt      udt       -
37.  iixane   u_______us                                         udtid--udd         -ud Uudt          0,003   ___
38.                    nigh  ~~~~~~~~~~~~~Fd I- id   __iid       IuWF                         0.0F42F  T 
W-    LMae                                     0,00001       udl  0,00001  0,00            udt  0,00001    0.056
40  BW                      MOgf          udi  _udi   __ud_            L         edt  ud    dt      -    -
41.      Endrin                     m ~A           udi      edt       udt      udt        udt       udt    O.001     __
42.      PCP                                      u  ~1F~ Ii  udiii   i       iF          et~ id  
43.______    gh                               udi       udt      udt       udt        edt       udi               -
44      Txhene                      ngA           udt       udi   -id         tudt        edt      udt    0.005 ___
45.     SAR        _____ _____                  5,421    5.421     5.421    5,421      5.421    5.421                 -
46.    1S          _____0,172    0.022                             0.062    0.172       0.022    0,092       -
47.                               Tij9F      *    uaji   _    d       dt       udt        udl      ui   ____
4B.    NH,1         ____             ig          .0       .0D02-    004     0.06w       0.002    0.004     0.5    ___
BIOLOGY
I      IPN E. Coli___       _CetlVioo0nt      75000             ___                  ___2000                        -15
2 ~  WN Collt,_____ CeWlgiomI                    700___                                 __ -d               100OO0    .15
TOTAL SCORE           - 3o
n~~mahs vG * ~~~Id,Mkaded



Appendix 2.
Table 2. WATER QUALITY DATA AND STATUS ANALYSIS (FOR CLASS B)
(NAIYAH RIVER, ASAM-ASAM WATERSHED)
Nao.          Pusmeler            Unm                     2                    Mo.        Min.        Ave.      C.B.       SIBU$
I:      TunMP    s WAle -          IC         29.4       266         26.S        26.        264        26.50    naunul
__       _____                                                          100~      ~~~ 90 -   96.00     1000
4.                                    i-29--'-  4-
iiiuim _____-                                        ....... 9..3. .23.92                   92.233   -
Colo i--                    -ir - -u.re;                            arZ                 ir-i  --7
_____   ~~~~~        49         41          49          49         41        h~
S .                              Mg__ _ _ _   i~ S 2   1 -          ~           1              24        . Y
CHEMICA.
I .      H                                     5.5        5.0         5.0         5,5        5*0      -5.167     5-9
2.  O~AD~dOhicjj~[~ijU          7.4        6.9         6,4 6.9                 .9 -       T 57      1
3 .    10~9   ii                                         .0         0,06   0006            0.006      O.e075      1.0
*   NO2!tF~~~ -                 ON --- b4r 1              3- ~                ~~~r
_ _      P                                    0144       0,2        14                      CJ0.22     017
6___      0_ 321                                          ___                               0,321       0,4
7.     -Ta-iaFrg      -52                               0.443    0i45 -         55         0.4 0.4500              -0
9 .     a.________                Fm           9.6       10.8      1I.80        11.80       9.80       10.80      600
10.      H'       _____            mr         0,009   -AD            0.009       0.009  __0.007        0.0063      0.1
II.      So4                     j'f115.50    50                     1.0         14.60    LTI-        1-t-,67    -4
12.                                m ng        5.9        4.98        5.70         5.9   4__8    5_527
13.       _____                    mr          3.20       3.20        3.48        3.48        3.2       3.293
is.                                                                                                       ud   g    ~  i~    ~- -i-iF___
16.       Bi                                                                  ______     _    ud__   ___ ___
Ii.      Fm j~                                 0.62       0,4         OX6         0.53      -0.46       0.577       .
19.                _____ jgF                   0.01       0,01        0.02       -0.02       0.01      0,0133 
.21.                              ..!9F          u         ii            iF-        F         it i                 0.01
22.       I W                     Jg            hF-        li!u ~dF          -liud   ~I   F d         i            0.5
23.      Na                         mgF         1.9        IAi                     1.9 1      1.6-       1.60   ____
24.      co                        hfl         1iF         udti        udi         udi I      udii        udij
25.      A  iJ                                  u I        udF         IdiF        ud         udt          h F.   U
26.      le        ---             j~       0.002        0,001       0.002       0.002      0.001     0.00167     0,01
27 .               ______          MjgF        0.07       0.06        0.06       0.060       0.06        0-,07-  S__
28 .                      -n    gU              udi        iiF- ---hF                                     usF ~ F  h   0.1
29.                      ___ugA                0,02   -h                        h         i             .0067      1.0
30.   _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _     U.   - li d F         h F~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~.   . .   .  .........   .............
31 .     Pbon                                   ud___    51    uid1 i              ihi        118F 
32 .     0 * Grease                I4           u uudI-  -lu                       "Idi- -h                   -   NilJ
33.    -Fk!sM4                                006        0.006       000         0.00~   0.00         0.0767       O,5
34.      Phenol                                 udtiIudi -h            udF         tdF   -iidF            uiF    0.002
37.      Aiidtin          -                     udi        uiF         ui          udi             --  uii   -0.i-
38.      ODD                                    uckR-~     ud-    -udF             tKT-J    --udF     --         -F NE~- :
39.        U       -                   F   0.0I0   0.00002         0.00002     ocoe       o.ooo OF   000 02  .oa-~
40.        ________                nu            dt   0,0001           Udl    li5OODF         udlF   0oooO
41 .                               Mgdrin                                  I       U           d           d       .
42.                                n'gr         id~                    utIF        Li1F       hFi  -       di    0,1
43.      PCB                       mI           ucil      ridi         uF-- i~~Jd                          j 
44.      IoxVnhne                               ud_u____u___i    0.0
45  S                          1  ~~~~~~~~1.56  1.040    1.560        1.58      1.040       1,367
46.                -    -       0,121    ~~~~~~      ~~0.080  041  0.141     0,080        0.114 
48.       R    -7         m_ gA                0.06       0.02       006         0.062       0,02       0.047      0.
BIOLOQGY
I    P?4E Cori             CeIIt100 ml   40000     45000       4500        45000      40000       43.333    2000       -15
2   ~~~MPN Colifom        teIIl0 ml ~_40000    25000    1 400000          1400000      40000      563.3331  100         .15
TOALSCOlRE    =           -30
Rmwk i utt  wWe*cwd ~ ~ ~ ~  ~    ~    ~ ~ ar~  v.



Appendix 2.
Table 3. WATER QUALITY DATA AND STATUS ANALYSIS (FOR CLASS B)
(RANGKAN RIVER, ASAM-ASAM WATERSHED)
Swbn
No.          Pumutu             UnI     _              3                    UMm.        Mh.         Av.       ClS. B    Sblus
A         B          C                                           Cdled.   Quatly
I1.    j~!Tem-t Water           C           28,11    2!          28          26 L        2_,8      28A,8    NAml
2.   T'mpr iiui     A    l                    30    30   31            3t                  30       30,33
3.-   IM                   I                 III -T11-2           ItS         lS5         III      112,67    tOWo
4 .      15 5                   ISi                   1X_  t42    134      _ t42          3 1348,0             -
6.    Caolmr                UmlPm           1091      992         9j9        10.1         9.2      99.73    -            -
7 .    Tr      _7- Cm                        45        52          39          52          39       45,33
86.       T       u        rbi84 _ g 5029 iiS   50,5   40          40        50           40       43S        0
1.    pH1                                    6.0      6,0         6.0           6         6,0         6,0    5 *9
2      tDO  migI 8Oi. mr                     7,3      6.4         6.6         8.4         6,6       7,433      a  6
- NO  N                                    0.008    0,006       0,009 0ieo              00 .ii  I   0.0767    1.0
4      N    No 0.180                                 ,40        0,192       0.192       0,140      0,1707     1.0
S .    PO     .                   1f       0.122    o.loo       0,142       0,142         0,1      0,1213
6      Q   ilp                             0.292    0.160       0292        0.29z        0.16       02u4       -
r                                   loW             02 0 6 0                0,028                   0,z        -
8      HiiiHdnu               m r         29,400    28,30       29.60       29.60        28.3       2.10 0
9       F                        lm         X3.4      2.8 31       0         3.50        2.80       3.333    600
10.    Hemg                                 0.009    0.008       0.009       o.o09       0,008     0.00867     0.1
* 1          4                                                                             OW nE1,  .0 1l,D        0- 95   06   -400
II.    S0_ _ _i5DD                                    9          11.00       11.0 *Ioo              11T~o
12.    GD            _          =            5.5      5.20        5.60         5.6         5.2       5.43 3           _
13.    IBO                     mqit          3.40     2.60        3.60         3.6         2.8      32667       .
14*     Hqgql                                 udl      udt         udt          ud         udlud    0,001
15.    Al                     ~ m      g     , udl u    ud                                 udl         udl I_
16.    As                                     udl u-di          i              nui    ud F    u         dt -         d0,05
17.  Oa              -                 m Iir  udl             F           ud 1It udt                   udli   1.0
18.    Fe                      m             0.39     0.34        0.3         0.39        0.34       0,370     50o
19.    F                _                    0.02     0.01        0.03        0.03        0.01        0,02     1.5
20.    Cd                      mql            udt      udi                                 udl udi              001
-22.                            IN     I                ii      iUd i -                                 W    ___   _
21.    C"                      mm             u          u    udl                          u           udl_    _  05
260      e        _ __-U                 -i miqr  -uF  iu                                --F&     ~ iF        0.01 - -
27.    2________                              .07     0.86         2.08      0.08         0.062     2.40670    5      __
2 .                            mg             udi      udi         udW         udl         udt         udt    0
29 .                           n qCu  mnt     udi      udt         W           udl         udl         udt    1.0
25 .    Agmi_Po_                                       ud           d udl                  uol         udS            _
31.    Hawn                                   ud       vdi         i     ___  idi --UF                          -        -tKf
32.    EX4 Gease                              udl       udt                    udl         udld        udt WIod
M_ .    De.       . l07    0.006                                 0.010       0.010       0.006       0,008     0.5
34.   7en                                    003        0 u0.00V2            0           0002       0.0023    0.002
35.    Aqd.                                  1F        udl         udi         udl         udi                0.017
36 .    D          _im                        udi      udi         uWF         udl         udt         ud     0,1u
371.    Chrde                                          uddl  udl    dt                     udi 0udl  _         .u
382. i ___ _I_        _                       mdl udl  -           ud          ud_         udi         ud-   0u042
39.    Ldna                     "W        0.00001  0.00001     0.0002      0.00002     0.00001     0.000      0,056 
40.    BlICi                   mi             udl      udt         udl         ud      l   idl   0.017
41 .   -edEiTuJM4.                      i     u        udl         udl         udl         udl         udt    0.001
42.   6T                         n                     udl   udi   u           udl         udi         udt  _,042
43.     uB udl                                         udl         udi         udl         udt         udl      .
44       T o                     g            udl      Ml           f-ud                               udt   0.00
45.    SAR                             -    1,312    1.04f       1.028       1 W-        1.028       1,127  _         _
46.    RSC                                  0,331    0.271       0.471       0.471       0.271      0.3577 _.   *  _
47.    Nimg-                                   dl      u    _       dl         ud           dl         udi
48      NH,          _                      0,040    0.036       0.032        0,04       0.032      0.0360     0.5
1      MPN Er Cal          CeV100 ml    2D0000                250000      25000       200000      225.000    2000      -15
2       PiCPNColibnm   =   CeV100-ml   1400000        1_1000 IO1400000                1 1OOO    1250.000   10O  _15
TOAL SCORE   =          -38
R           _ak . mwddin
_  d . ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~~~~3u?



Appendix 2.
Table 4. WATER QUALITY DATA AND STATUS ANALYSIS (FOR CLASS B)
(RANGKAN RIVER, ASAM-ASAM WATERSHED)
station
No.           Puu,utu              UnR                     4      _ __            max.        min.        Ave.      cls.     Status
________________  ______      ~A          B          C                                            C dfteita  uae ry
PHIS9-Al.
I.      Tom     Waltnear           IC           296   26               266          26       j.26      -     ~     Namviat
2._    en' f&ur A                  'C-    _ _                 23                      32         31      3.6
3.  iDS               iii~~~~~~~~~~~~F ~ 121    10 -i5                   2         13         0.7       1
3-                                                18          3           1810 21                 33        i-jT      00
4                                                            lir_          1         133                            -
8.  ~~~Color    ____~il~                       2       10.2          9.8        10.2        9.        T  3___
7.                                                40-        50          43           50         42          47    __
8.     ''j            -- _ _ __                42  _           ___56-  3                 -~64            --- T
r.HEMIMAI
I.    _H                                         5,0        5,0         5.0           5         5.0         5.0    5.-9 
2.   UO1j~6 0iis-ored Oxyi  *                 5.6       10,1         5.4         10.1       -5-          8. I       
3.   -NO~) -                        mg0Co   -0000?                       0006       -07         0.6006-            T
4    NO       N                             0.141L09128           0i13          0I14       0128       0.1357     1.
5._   Pm M                                     0.130      0.120       0,126        0. 30      0.120      0.12         60.
6.        0aP                       gA82                  0.280       0288       028i5        0580        0.25                 -
7 .    oala                              -r-               -r0-            -   0i=*   0.4   a-jx
a.         si i                      g         33         32f4    3ha.1?          3hi~~.F                 329
9. ~~~I       J~~~g~~t         5.4        52         5~~~~~.80    5.80       5.20       5,1       60
10.  R~~~ Z Z Z   :i-~~   -   - ~ ~   - 5i    -   -  -    _   _       _  _        -     -        _          0
______                              _____      ~~~~~~      ~~~0.00 8 .  0.009  0.009  0.008   0.0086?      0.1 
it . ~~~~~~~~SO4 ~  ~       ~       1 P        lt_T.6                  11.6 ixr      8         106    -400-
*2.      comgAl    -    1.50                               10.80                 ___5___
13.                 __      _        w           2.80       2.60        20W          2.50        6          2.73            _    _
14.         ____                    mf            _u1iF   _iii_ IddF                  edt        iii         1U      .oi 
-i6 .    -Ai                        n'Li__ud              - udf-   - udit              udt      -udt          edi   -6.065 -
17.      Ba                                       eodt                  eudF           d                      d       .
1I.                                0i.F37                   0.3         0.36         0.37       0.3       0.366      5.0        -
19.    -F *- _              _                    0.01       0.01        0.01         a.oi       0.01        0.01     1.5
20.      Cd___                                               rii          dl          udt         d      -iF   0.01
21   .   __  _ __  _ __  _ __    IuF                d       i d    _ _   _L1          edt        udt         Ud1iF   0.os    __  _
22.    M_n                        Vmq             udF        Ud__  t__ d__   t-dF    *            did        t~id    0.5
23._      Na                                      22         1.8         2.      4               18       2133        -
24.      co                                       edt u      ufii        edV          udt        edt         udt      -
26 .     So            ____          jgU -ii                 udi         It  --ik               -i-~~                0.01    ___
27.      z                                       0,14       0.11        0.14        0.140       0j11       0.130      5
28.      Cn                                       U~iF       edt         edt    -      dii       edt    ~    udt   0.1
29.      cu                                       eL                      edt  - iF              ed          udt      1.0
30.        _________                                         ud-    -u-F                    ______           uW-   0.1
31.      Bman                      "'              dt          e    d      il        F            dl         ud 
32.      014 +                        gU          edtd t   iii        -id-            udt        udt         edt    N1ihF
33.      D~Ergmn                   jg           0.009      0.007       0.008        0.009      0.Q07       0.008     0.5
34.      Phenol                                 0.002      0.001        0.001       0.002      0.01       QW013    0.002
35.      AJdFRn                                   edt        cdl         ed            dt        Udt         eidt    0.017 
38.      Dietdon                 Mj9gf    I       udt        iiU dt                   edt        udt         edt    __
31.      CNadane          _____     cal            di        udt          WVt         udt        ed 0       i       0.003 
3.         D DT                    n gnf          udii       uiF         edt          udl       tedt        uodl    0.042
39__      L              _ndan1s               0.00002    0.00001     0.00002     0,00002    0.00001    0.000017    0.056
40___i                                                        ud          tit          udFTh    __uF          udF   __
43                                      fi~~~~m~  di  uiWF    -iai       _   ed         udt        eidt   -
44__      Taxa*m~~i~ miNt                                                               dai       edt         edt    0.005
45__                  ____SA     _____           1.148      1.2          1.348       1.56D      1.028      1.1747  ___
46.__      mu _____              ____            0.148      0.080       0.080        0,148      0.080      0.1027
47_        Nimgfl_                                 cdt        udt          d           udt  _      dt         udt
48.      _____~              jg              .0         .4          .6           .6         .0         .30       0.5
I__       MPE. Col               CelVI 0OOnm    110000     20000      45000      I1IO000O     20000      523.333    2000       -IS
2         PHCotior-n           CeEibIi-i -1400000         20000     I  110000  1T4_00000     20000      540.000    10000      -15~
TOTALSCORE                3



Appendix 2.
Table 5.WATER OUJAUTY DATA AND STATUS ANALYSIS (FOR CLASS B)
(ASAM-ASAM RIVER)
No.           Pm.,.!,             UrnS     ___           5                     Max.        min.       Ave.      Ch. B    Slalus
PHISICAIL                  ~~     ~~~            ~~~~~A - ~ C                                Ch1da   Qually
I   Tomern  lure Water       IC           26.3       26.4        26,5        26,5      26,3         26.4   Noymal
3    .  ___ __ ___ __  ___  _                    0         82         102         I0         so    ___ __  __           ______0
4.                                           SO       i-  ~ 140 ~    ISO                 122       173 
_______    OiIu       9          97.4        9681        91     ..& 98 
_____cow         __     __  1JiPX0         11,2       124      _11X.82.                 11.2        11.I6m
-TTn          eT              GM~           40         50          47~                   41(?      45,i7~ 
a8.        b9y_m   O                            56                    6~4         64         56          59
CHIEMJFz&
I.      pH                                     5.5        5.25.                   5.5       5.0       5,233    5 -9
2.      I0dsa~a~    en                         4.4-       4.9         49          4.9       41.4        4,60             O
3.      NOF -NO0.012                                    0.012       0.014       0.014     0.012      0.01267     1.0    ___
N___      N__1__ M5    -                                                       M W    1W  -ff 1JW __1_.4r             -..
5.    -P~~~---~~~~--..    Ag~~~~F~  0.121    0.080      0J24        0,124      0,060      01063
e.      Total P                j    fl       0.344      0.355       0~.320      O:        0.328        0.6,342
7.      Ti                     jg                  0.321 02         0.32        0.324           0.32  ,3157      -
6.      Hardness                   g        48.501     46.421     41I2         46.501    4I22      ~47.066 - 
9.       Fi~   16.                                          5   w  -1 5.        16.80      15.8i*     K6W46     600    __
10It       l~L                     g           0.07       0.07       008         0,082      0.07       0,074     0.1
1.  COD                       mgA        2.60        11.70      13.3i       13.21       11.7      12.SO
13.      amD             -                                 .. 0 7.     70i.7       70     Th           7,667      --
16.    A                         g               i  udii udiiF--i                                              -5.5      
17.      Uang    _ _udT                                    ui~i        Udi         Unifidi.6-
le.      ge -                     m            0.48       0,45        0.46        0,48 1    0.45      0,4633    -5.0-
207                              = nig      o_  uVd5F                             ooi1ThF-0
21 .-                                           udi       iiF_  iiiF                      -a!tm          ad-   6,05-
22.      Mm                      mIqA            ud!       udt  - i        -            T_   udtii       uii    -0.5
23. 7     R .                       g           3.0        2.8    ~    3.4         3.4       2.6     -3.0-67      -
24.      c                          a           udi                    vdiF        udi       udt          ud
26 .     Se0,002                                         0,001                     ud03iF    i     -     i       o      _ _
27.      Zn                     . r-           0.13       0.11        0.12       0.130      0.11       0.120      5
26.      Cn g-                                  udii     0.0!          ad!       0.00!       ud!     0.003       0.1    __
29 .     Cu       ____    .j~l                  udi        uiii        ad!                                udtFad   -  1.0 ___
31 .                                            uoo  d!    uii         udt         u (F            -      F 
2-.-   Oi.GreF9ase             ~I               UiF   _i_u_d          aud!        iiu_&    -udF-   -udii          NIi
~~e, ,~n                    I    0.020  ~0.015           M   0.022 0,02a 0.08             0020      0.5    ___
______ _________________  ~~~~~1     0,002      0.00        0,002     0O00        0.001     0.17       000
36.      Aildrin                                ad        du     ~                  d        ud!          ad!    0-1
39.      Lindane                    #1f   I 0O-0wI   0,0000002   0002           0,0001    0,000     0.000047    006
40 .     BHC                    Cg!Z        0.00001        udt   ~    iF       0.00DDI       ud!    0.000003   ___
41 . ~~~~~~ndrin   3g~~~~~~~W      a~~d!       ad          i           ii         j           dV   0.001   __
43.      PCB                      mqg            udiF      ud!         udii       ad!  __i_(F         i7xF_
44.              a                              ud___      ud!         ud!         t,dt      ud!         iid      A05 
45.     3AR _______4.321                                 2,331       4.311       1.560)    2,331        3      ___5_
46.      RS                                   0.421      0.280       0.42-1      0.421     0.280       0.374      -
47_.     9                          g           ud                     ad -u F     ud!       ud!         udi
48.       Nfl           _ ___     iia_        0.008      0.070-    -f060         0,i1b5    -0,006-    0i.0610    0.
BIOLOGY
___  MPN E. Coff           Celi Wo ml   1400000    150000 11100000 I1400000    150000            883.333     2000    15i
2       MPN Coliorn          ~CeWl 00 ml I9000000I 1500001 2500000 19000000 1150000    3.8853.33    100 I              _D _3 1
TOTAL SCORE             .40
Ruua: ft  .MIdSIcdU



Appendix 2.
Table 6. WATER QUALITY DATA AND STATUS ANALYSIS (FOR CLASS 6)
(ASAM-ASAM RIVER)
No.          PanWleiW            Uni                     e                      MAX.         min.         AVe.       Cl,. B    Status
A           0           c                                __      _    CIrOieta   Ouality
1.    TeWau  AC                              27,                                  27. ?61!    27~           215   NomL
2.  TIiperaf   __  L            31         ~~ ~         ~~~         ~~ ~~31  30  - 31  30  i,s
3.~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~g                                                     0 -     i-.12-    1047  - 102  - ii    12F 1o 
~~~~~                            ~       ~~230  22  ISO  23         8 
7.    Taspr ec                                 30                      32           48          30       -36.W7   __
e.  6!ZT                                     's   64                                     _____
CHEM&AI
1.      H.                                     .3          9.2         a.9         9,2         8368                  5.-9
2 .               4-IliiI qdxyq-en             5.1         4.6         3.2         5.1          3.2          4,3       z6 .5   10
4.        2                      g        -0.211         0.200       0.4         022         020              i7 T,
s.    -MgF                                    6.RA4       0.120        01          0.144       0.120        06.-136
_____   ~~~~~~~~            0.345       0.28         036         O.360       OiiO          0.32a    __
~8.                    -         rag -ofs     02       -64.20          58.42     i4.2CJ0      580           60.674      .
9                                    4u~~~~igF~1 .  46.6     47.20       47.20       46,50        46.767     600-
10  H                        nA00   0.08                    0.08     51    0.085          0.078        0,0813     0.1
Il.          -          .9R~~~~~~I   39.00       4100        380          iW             .0F_ _
12   b~D      -              nigi         2200        253.14      24.60         24.6       23.14        23.98
13.    BUD          -            nig          i3O2       -12.80d      13.40    -13.40          26           313      ___
14 .    I _______                ni          .0003       0.0002      0.00        0.0004      0.000         0.0003    0.001
15.  Md__             -UIF- ~-mil-                                                  udt~i       idFdW__
16.    As                                    O 6wig  000  0002      -0.003        0.003-      0.0          0.002      0.05
17.    Ua            rng~~~~~~~F ~ 0.001      0.001       0.002        0.002       0.001        0.0013    -1.0
1G.      aiiig                                0.33         0.iF        0.5.35  ___~                           .2       5.0-
19 .    F                        m ngh        0.03     -0.002          0.035       0.3        0,002        0.0207      1.5
20.            --            *gfi                       u&wf        u   - j                  udi-        r-ijdi    5.
21 .                       jMgfi-F ~i -                             Lud- --i-iF             i        -  -~iiF    0.0
22.   iMn                        Mga 1F        0.0~2       0.0   ~ 000~3          0.020       0.003        0.01 43    -0
23.    Na                      jm              4.5          3.6         4.6         4.a         3.6         4.300    _ _
24.    Go               -        mug            ud__                    udtIi       udt  --       F   --      iF-       -
26. ~~~~e               n'gIF~~      0.002       0.001        0.002       0.002       0.002         0.002     0.01
27.       2       -gA                          0.19        0.16        0.20       0.20         0.16         0,183      5
28 .    Cn                       m~JF        0.001        0.001       0.002       0.002       0.001        0.0013     0.1J    _
2S,'.    c                       rngh                        t udF   ujiF                       u iF          uFKf - 1.0
30.     F _________              -gii                       iF-        -Udf   ---iuF -       --RIi  -----u-F   ~0.1
31 .    Boro m~                                  d          udi         u           u ~ii        udt          udlF
32 .    0mgres____                    Ir        udi             il                 - txrlFi-                          ~ JI   -.
331.    0l0                      m gF        0.063        0.040       0.08        0.08w        0.04       0.60616      0.5-
34.    PMeol-                     g          0.011        0.00        0.012       0.012       o.oo        0.01033   -0.002    i_1
35.   1Aldri                    Ag              ud~ii       udi                                                     -0i. ____  dt- ii F i0l-7  
37.    cfi&Ttame               jmg1         0.0002       0%00        0.0002      0.0002     0.00010       0.00017    0,003
38.    DDT                       ngFudi                      u          ud          udiF        udd           udt   0,04
39 .    L~idii-                    gf       0.0001       0.0001     0,00001      0,0001     0.0000        0.0000 T   0.066
40-.    WIHG--- ____             ngiF    -0.00002       0001        0002        0.0000     -0.00001     0.000-0167
41.    ____I___~g                               ud      -ill                 --7f-                   - -- - ItiFt -  0.001
43.    PCB                     mjg              udl         ii   udi                si- dt       rn    ud       t 
44.    Thiix     I                 _        .00001      0.00002     0.00002     0,0000      0,00001     0.0000167    0005 _-
45.    SAW                     ____           .2          4,211       5.421       1 560       4.211        5.17  
46.                                          0,322        0.282       0.421       0.421       0.282        0.3417       -
47 .    XFii                                  0,002       0.002        a.0         0.01       0.002        0.004
48.    ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~g___  ~~~~~0.145  1          0.122 1      0.155       0.155       0,122        0.107      0.5
BIQOLQY                                                                              15001I.0
1  MPN ECobi       _    Ceil 00 ni   1100000O    250000         150000     2500000      1500        12000        2000     .15
2      MPN Cotiomn      C-et100Wnil    700000         2500000     200000    2000            20000       1.133.333   10000    .1is
TOTAL SCORE       -       54)
P*nffak    * md#u



Appendix 2.
Table 7. WATER QUALITY DATA AND STATUS ANALYSIS (FORI CLASS B)
(ASAM-ASAM RIVER)
No.          pa,aIUIU            UnE                       7max.                              min.         Ave.      Cd9    StatUS
___ __ __ ___ _                           T        ~           ___   __    __  ___     _  ___A       Cufleda   Quuaiy
I. TempwalumWater            IC           27.9        2.           27,6        27.9        27            27.8  tNannid
3.     M                                       128         136         130         IWi*     -125        -131,33       10
4-7     1 S                      maRTO-                     182          4f    ~ 24V2    170-   -              iWir    --
6. caw                     TiF             1           0     ~     I                        10,2        io,7
T?irasparh.lc               Cmi~                                    423 ____     42          34376
6. TurWilyv               ni                60 s      6            61,5        Si's          s0            61
I. pH                                      7,9         6.0          a,                       7,5          7,8     5.9
2 .    DO Pft   rOyi            M              4.6         4.6         46           4.6         4.6           4.6    ,*        -l
4 .    NU -N                     g           0,010       0.008       0.011        0.011       0.008  0-00T*            1,0
5 .    NF-                                   0.1244     0,124         .10         0           0.123        0,1229      .
6.    Polm0.244                                         0,112       0I1           0.240       0.120        037        10
S.    Total                      ~~~~~0,285   0.26B       0.22 90  O0              0,288       0,R7-
i---oaT R  -                          -0gR   0 -60r   -or   -o     --60-   ju-
8.    RaiiiidneI                             040      8.2 -mO0- 40i                         -58.421 1-i 
9.                                r-          60.       58i.428                   60.63       58.43        59.685     600
10.  ,~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ~~0.16                   0.140       0.180         0,18 .5                  .60        .        1
12.  0            mg/I  ~~~i.30            242w         5.40   _______ ~24.20                 24IY.   -:3-
13.    hOD   -       mg/I          .~~~1130    11.20       13.2-0   -13-20.         1-20 iio1-1.90
14.             -     -        jg            0.0002      0.000       0,0002       0,002       0,0001       0.0017    0.001   _
16 .    M                      jg/5.003                   0.0  0       .003        0.003       0.002a     0-.66oeF   i,-5
17.    Bajg                                   0.001       0.001       0.002        0.002       0.001     -0.0013       1.0 
lo.  _                            il           0.46        0A8         0 0.         0.9         0.3         0.4433     5.0
19.    F                         mg/           0.02        ocr1        O.           00          0.01         0.2        is       
20.    Cd                                                   udI~ i - i  -6- ujiF                  - ------ ~ iF    -0.01
21 .    Ct"l                     rng            idi F-               - a- -- 1-ii            -  -&             udt   -0,05
22 .    Mn                        1i           0.02        0.01        0.02        0.020       010          0.0167     0.5
23.    Na                        Mg             141         120         162         162          120o         141
25.                             _MF                               uud                            u udt
26.                ______                _______         ~            0.00         0.010       0.010         0.010     00
2T.    zn                                      0.og        0.0         0.06        0.090        0.07         0.050      5
28 .    Cn-...                                0.001      0.0008       0.002        0.002       0.001       0.00127     0.1
29.    Cu                                      tudi t      i      ___dt               F    -     il                    1.0   _
30.    Pbm                                      u1di- -- uii tF         iidF -iiiu3   -iii..t                  udiF    0.1     _
31.    Boion                     mR             udl         udii        udiii        udiF       jii-         1iud
32.    01*deaemm                                udiii       udt~ -      WI --      ii            ud    *        dF  -1AiF
33.    Detergen        jg~~~~~I       0.028       13.020 -    05M         0.030         0.02        0.026      0.5
34. oI eno1                               0.010       0.008       0.011       0.011        0.008       0.0097    0.0012   -.16
35'.    ArmUdi                                              Udi         udt           V     ~    i             udt    0,017 __
37 .    Chilodane   -m .J! F                 0.00        0.001       0.0002       0.0002     0.00010       0.00017    0.003 
38.   D0T______                              udE~ ii     u&~    - iii    -        uF -    -i -    - u-iif    0.042 
33.  nd-ang)                         ___.oooi        o.oooi      oo          o.oooi      o.0001o       0.00oF    0.056
40.   _____         j~~~~~~~gU  ~o.Or    i.0of-   iO                  OMM        0.OOOof-    O.Ooo0017
4.    n -dnn         j--         l           ud          udi  ____                udi    --1li&             udt    0.00-1 
42.  ~PCP    _ _ _               mq             tdi         udt         udius                                  udft 
43.i5    _________A                              ua    --iiRF            Udi  ------           jj7 F
144.    Tox!Ehene                           0.00001     0.0000      0.0000       0.00002     0.0000       0.00013    0.005    _
45.                __A___6.77                             4211        5,342        1.5_0       4.211        5.4410 ____
46.    HU0,421                                            0.332       0.401        0,421       0.332        0.3847  
47.-  -ffi                                     0.0         0.3         0.03-       0.0         0,020        006
48i.   --NH,0.168                                        -0J.11        0.142        0,186       0,113       0.i1477~,
IOLO-GY 
1      MPH E CoI____CeIU100 Mt    4000                 30000       110000      110000       30000        600.000 I2000)    .15
12       MN    lo-0in____  -CePWi 00 ml    900000        300000      1600000     1600000      300000       933.3    1 1000       *1
TMTAL SCORE    =           60
Remarks: usd1 = undetected



Appendix 2.
Table 8. WATER QUALITY DATA AND STATUS ANALYSIS (FOR CLASS B)
(ASAM-ASAM lI VER)
No.          Pausamelu           unU                      3                    max.        min.        AVG.     Cit. a    Sixtus
!tI~~~~~~~~SICALA                                                                             Akd    00
*.    Tamperulin Wals           IC            25,7       21.5       27,7       26,7        2.         28,3   Nwmid
3. TDS          ~ --          S   ----~~I             -i--i ~15iiTii7    b                                             r
3                               g              6       ImF  4-                  60           2      1W   
______               lJiIPi                     IN 320-   -I,           ro     * 1%2
a.    T#a.pY2!FL._    --r                        26,Or4r 6 
iPtCAL
__ I.  pH                            ~~~ ~ ~~~ ~ ~~~~ ~~~7,3  7.1  7,4 74          7,1       7.27     5.9
2.  _DO3~~~EioIvodC~~~j~J  mgA ~4.0           4.4    _ 4.           4.4           -4               3-42      ..e -t
3.                              nlA006                   000.0. 0006          0,0          0.00      0.0073     1.0-
4.  ~~~~~  ~ ~~ A              *j2~~~~~~04g  d.F42.    0.2          02i2                 0.3         10
s.    Po                                      0.02 122i6i                 f   0.122        0311   -o.I
6.  Ti~                         0gO24                   .52690  0690                    0,244        iF
7.     iir                      mg            0.680      2.622     3,332      3=            0,66 
6.8    Kardnessi                  ig          71.f03-     68.50      80,42      80.42      6800       76,34
9.                 _____          g           380,4      280.4               390,50       280        350,43     600
io.  - -               rugil       i~~~~~~~-.01  9,66     0.082  ~0805             8       oA737
-1 . -SK                             -      -2.275-    2.145        22812      2.282       2.145 1 2.234        40       __
13.    6-    --                     -- - 33.             30_9   -35.42        35,421 -43
13    OO 3_0___2                                                 16,24     16,24441312
14.    I4          __                            udi        udi       udl        ud            di        udi   0,901
15.    Al                                        ud      ~              di       udl         ij1      ij
16.     -~~~   -       j~~~gfl -m     0.002      0.001      0~3        0,003       0 001      0,002     0.05       -
17.     Ma-__                     ni             udi l                ud         udi          Udii   -iiU -   i?.o
la                                 ~~~~      ~~~~~0.15  0.13  0.16  016          0.13- -0.467        5.0
_ _ _ _ _   ____  rngR           05  -      5.0 F                                    - W   .1  T ~ T      _
20      Cd       -               m                di        udi       iit   di  idii                    i~U      0.o
21      C#6-                                                Udl   _     _         udt         udl        di    0.0
22.    Mn                        M~g            0.04       0.03   013O05        0,04        0.005     0.02511    0.5
2-3-.   Na           __     _     Mu      ~     3370       3280       3480       3480 ~       =  328 3.76,67    _ _
24.                              in         vi a   --i~    udi                    ud          udi        udij
25.                              M A J  ~d29 1                   udi --uF  --0 mi                           -   -_
~~YT    71i          jg~~~~~~~~~~~  0~.13       0.12      0.14      0.140         0,12       0.13      5 
28.                              mqg1                                                                    udl i~  aT~~i~-~i   ~i  0.1
29 .  Cu            __    n                                 FmF ~ ~                           F ~               T 
30.    Pb                                                             udF-iF 1~  iI  ci    -i   -      --- 0.1
3.  Boron                                   ud___    i  ud*ii                                       Udf   ijj*  jj 
33.7     DetegenF                       0~I  .01I1        0,00710     0.012      0.012       0,007    O.iwi0 -   0.5
34.    PliIiiol   _______  mgIF  0.007    ~~~~0130    01006      0.907       0.002      lo  0.00 0,02       .6
37.    Chtiodane                 mn              ui~    ud-  i        u   - mi              i            i      0.003     _
(s. UT                       M               i         ~i                  ii         i F~1~                0,042         -
39-Girao   ____    MgJ                                                                                     OAiF i- ~ i   -iF~~i  56
40.  -BF~~~~~  ______  rmgA           mtzl       ud    u-iii-                        F        idF___
41.        FMiii                                 ud-niA~i-  udi       u        IdiF  -                          0,001
42-    -   _  _  _  _  _  _       rnui                   --   aDi                ud   - -    -u&    --    Fu   
4.    PCB                                      u ___  ml  di  udl    ud dl                  mdi        ud
44 .    rOxaphfen                                ud___  Iji  udi  uud1           udl          udl         i     .o 
45.    SARt                                    11,96     10,240-   111.500     1,560       10,240     11233
46.        S        ___                        0.272     0,180      0.4        0.272        0,160     0,2387            -
47.    14F      -   Zj!~~~~~~g~1       0.02-     0.0F       0.01       0.02        o.oio     0.0133     ___
48.   -NF4R-        ___           gA           0.124     0.080,     0.090      0.124         00       0.0980     0.5
AILfOGYI
1  WN E. Coli            CeNIOflOmJ   300000)    50         ____         300000            0    150.000    2000      -15
T   MPNCo~~iiilow         CelMl1OmI J   60000       OOm        __         600000      300000    450.000    100        *15_
TOTAL SCORE            *53
Agmals go .mmed.



Appendix 2
Table 9.. WATER QUAUTY DATA AND STATUS ANALYSIS (FOR CLASS C)
(NAIYAH RIVER, ASAM.ASAM WATERSHED)
_ __ - ~~~~~~~~~~~~~SimanD ___
No.             phaiuq                  Unk            _                      Max.      mh.        Ave.      Cit. B    SlzAt
RflBICAL
I               tWuiWaleW                         270    279         28        28       279       27,33   noana
* lD S ______ iF    1I4br 0F I                                                               1F  115Y _
m                             -    ii=    ao -7     w                                       l w -gi- 
-3-u - ii                               UaI            1rl  ii  J'Aa-m   -n
7.-  r~I                                          __uo  .A .                   _m34~             __, __3,sb 
2I      U6iohQd Ox  en)                mSl          6,7 6,7  6?_       °-06,74 8                    6,7      7 .>
2                        N                              mgg 7                      Ef 5  7,8        1,B2-3 - .
.7  N 0.Ns    _______ _0 _ __3 
07 .      iIi RnICess                   2g 10    0    40    20.00             20            4      10
________                                0,290      0,29      0241       O,iIIq! 
n X  S  ~~~~~~ - --         tn ~~~~~~10  _9   _             I *       i- I                 to      ,o
12.      Ajid                                            -- S,S0 840  2,060    20G 6,                 434   _
_3.                                                 3   my ,0_   aO __           3_   _ 3.4  _3,i_5 .....................33.__*_....
15_ 5 __ _ m97 ud~~~~~~~i   udt  udi_  udl  udl&   _ _ .6i
16 .                                                         ud il   -udi                  udl        u u t0_ 
-            ---                             m- u              ual- -udt-   - u                     _
_~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~0171 ='                                  I        C         0,17 116   ;i 0,lB0166J 
19. ~H~S            ___ _a_                       j       I   0,Ot  0, O        W O   _o ,ee    0   ,01L 0 .01 27        1,
20~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~- -                                 i .      .m d t   udl  uar udVulCR0
2t'~~' .T    gi__ .i                                                             i_ui      ut 10
22 .       n                              gF-   o.,o 2        t _ _    02      0,02          o  0 ,433         .
23 .                                _     l 1        2.2  130         3,8       3          1,0       2,40
j 24=    GO                                Ign _       ud    Wud         udM            dl            udl        .
r25                        .d  Iud_        F                                      luI udli            r udt  ud  _
2 6.  I     -                      I                 Ud  Iudt         udi       udt        u          udl    0.05
2Z7   mj                                10    z    0.45     d30  ~0,45         D. 4    0,30   _0,41    0,02              l-0
2S.      Cn                             mg           W       udi      udl                  udi    -mi- -ul    002
29.   =i-                                ~       = 90.17  udt    udtir udtudtudl          0,OZ     0                 ___0_0
30 .     Pb      u_ mgl                            0d0    0i006      0.2       0l          u          udl    0,03    __
31.  -|    ___F  -mqll udl   ud  ud                                                        udi ud l  _._
33.      g     n                         m9gA     0,0.  _W          0A0       0,002      0,W1    0.016       0,2        .-
34.      Phend                          M_4      _           udl      _ud       udl        udi      u20   _-p
354.     Ado iii~ mg-tuh                                               ud        tul                  u
36    lin                       -    9           d       d         d     Ha            d         ud                 _
37 iida-ne                           m           d      ud        u*         d         udt        udl      .
26.       WTsmqll                                    udt     udl                udt        udi        udt   0,.00
33.      L0idne                                              .30U   0.45     OD-D0I udl          O- 0W07
40- .    BllC                                                                              MRil     udl -u   udl-  udl    0,21i-
29.  -ii                n udt__  udl  ud  'iir udl --u- --udt                                                0-004
420.           _________                    - mgir ud'- udr -udt                      -ii- udiii .-
-T3                        .ii uc.                                           --a            udli @    udl g_ d
44.  _ To       ene                         -        ud[   _udi_          ud               udt        udl
45 .     SAR                               5_ j    5421   5,421  5_ S421    5i421  5-421            5,421       .
46____     .     ______________         nigifl   ____0      o=      0.012    0,002       0.0o1    0,022   0    ,2 WZ
BIOLOGY                                   .                         .           .
I       MPN _E.                        mF C -el l/1 00 ml  =  =
_8         _O                                      ___   _    U I'              ~ ii     i  i                  . 0     __ _
41._N__CZ-[                      WhF                                        iiI'm -               i1      .oo     _
TOTAL SCOFIE  =        -30
Roms:ud . VWotdd
2  -7 hF -dF-hF7__



Appendix 2.
Table 10. *WATER QUALITY DATA AND ANALYSIS (FOR CLASS B)
(NAIYAH RIVER, ASAM-ASAM WATERSHED)
No.              Pwamstet               Uu          -2                         -    Max         Mir          Ave.       Cis C    sloiw
_. je UdM          a__ _             -30                  - 1 31                    31-        30        3,6u7
3.      MDs                            A            96        100          90          100        go          9U0W    I00       _
4.      iSs                                        12_mg  5   145         155          158    - 2            416
5.      colndudMrt                  U"nftlo      _gl         y2:          9           923        1112,1     92233
6.        Valor                       UnkI Pico     11.0§. J8js                                    *.1       Ja!L               _
7.     _Tr!%MTry    ____               Cm           49   -      1          49          49         41         403
CHEMICAL
1.         p                                          5.5        5.0         M           5, 5       5.0         5,       6.9       -10
2.      D  (DJ ndvd Oxifl            -mgft          7.              .       41         14         6,           7,57      3      _
3.      NO,. N                         mgf        0.0016    DIM6                     010011     p.D         0.0073
4. N02-N                         mf 0A 22              0,41        0.2         0.141      0122         016       ,9 ~        t
5.      PO,          ~                 mgfl       0,144     0,122       0146        0,146       0.122       0.1373   __
6 .     Ttw P                          MQ. !     0.321    032i          0,2 OD      0,420       0.321        0.354
7.      TotalN         _     __        mA        0.452      0.443       0,555       0.45                     0.5~450
H.Iardness                       MO4       4,0        49,606       49.80       4980      4.0..~0
-9.      a___            ___            mn .                  10,6 il    11,116       1,0 .0                  !0,
10       H9             ____-           mA       __,003    _0.007        0.009        0 009     000          0,O6      0002       la_ 
-.SP,                              -mg4        11.50       460        160         14.6      2155 1 _,g
-12.       COD        -___                mgA        5.90       4.96        5.70          5.9      4.96         5.527   _
13.      DOD           _ ___            mg         3.20)      3.20        3.4          3,46        3.2        3.2
-14.      Hg               __             MgL         Ld4        d           WIt         Wdi         uldt    0.002
15.      AlNy                                       WI         Wt          Wdi          Wt         ud           ui
16.      As                             Migh        Wdi        Wdi         udI          WIt        udt          WIt  *1j
-17.       Ba        _-  _____            ff9         Wui        WIR         udI         WIt         udt          W
lo.      Fe             ______          ng         0.62       0.48        0.63        0,63       004 5PL   -
19.      F                              rgng       0,0      .1            0.02         0.0       0.01        0.13   I___
-20.       Cd                             MOL         WI         Wdi         Udi          Wt          di          Wdi    0.01
21.      C-r4                            g           U,  W     UKI          mdl         WIt        Wt           Wid     0
22.      mn                             mgAi         Wdi       Wdi          udI         Wt         WI           W
-23.       Na          __ ___             mgfl        1,9        1.6         1.9          1.9       1.6          1,60
24 .     co              n___glf                     WIt       WI          udt          Wt         Wt           Wdi~
25.      Ng             __      _        ift        W          WIt          udI         WIt        Wt           W
26.      Se             ______         ,gf        0.002      0.001       0.002        0.002     0.001       CAM16       0.05
27 .     Zn                             EQ'        0.07       0.05        0.08        0.080      0.06          0.07     0.02     -10
26.      Cri           __g_fi                        mdl       WIt          udt         Wt         udI          WI    0.02
29.      Cu                             MA____ ..~f  0.02      WdI          WI_         WIt        WdI       0,007      02
30.      Pb      -_ __ _               .gR           W         Wt           Wt          WIt        WIt          WI    0.03
31.      Fwro                           mgft         WIt       mdl          WdI         WIt        W