AL> , jJ0fli:) A>S)s Xerlt Indilctors 1994-95 DS : :-Sj ;~~~r !, *~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ .i) ; -lI j',,. WfI '4 The World 'Bnkv 3.'' J!~~~~~~~ N. African Development Indicators The WoldgBank Washington, D.C. Copyright 0 1995 by the International Bank for Reconstruction and Developmcntfbe World Bank 1818 H Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20433, U. S.A. All rights reserved Manufactured in the United States of America First printing Januay 1995 This volume was prepared by the Private Sector Develpment and Economics Divsion, Afnica Technical Deparment of the Wald Bank. The findings, intpretations and conclusions expressd in this publication do not necessaily pesent the views of the World Bank's Boad of Executive Directors or the countries they reprsent The World Bank does not gucarate the accuracy of the data in tbis publicafion and accepts no responsibility whatsoever for any consequences of ther use. 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Angola 699 7.76 7.9 8.20 8.43 8.61 3.93 9119 9.47 9.73 10.02 2.7 2.7 29 Beal. 3-46 3.92 4Q4 4.18 4.31 445 4.59 4.74 4.89 5.05 5.19 2.7 3.1 32 Bobwuma 0.90 104 10 1.11 1.15 149 124 128 132 1.36 1.40 3.6 36 3A4 BudduaFaso 636 73B 7SB 8.09 831 .53 3.77 912 928 955 9.33 23 2.5 2.3 B undi 4.13 4.62 4.75 4.89 5.03 5.18 5.33 5.49 S6S 5.81 597 2.1 Z8 23 Camaan 870 9.71 9.97 1024 1054 10.35 11.18 11.52 118 12.24 12.61 3.2 23 30 Cape Vrde 0.29 0.32 0.32 033 0.34 03S 036 0.37 038 039 0.40 0D6 2.2 2.6 Centl Aferiln Reblic 231 2.57 2.63 2.70 2.77 2.15 293 3.01 309 3.17 325 25 2.6 2.7 Chad 4.48 49D 5.02 5.14 5.27 5.40 554 S568 S.3 598 6.13 2. 2.3 23S Commas 0.33 0.3B 0.40 OA1 0.43 0.44 0.46 0.43 OA9 051 0.53 2.1 3.4 3.7 Congo 1.67 1.33 1394 2300 2.07 2.13 2.20 2.28 235 2.43 21 29 310 33 Czc d!lv@ire 8.19 9.56 9394 10.32 10.72 11.13 11.55 11.93 1243 12.9 1336 4.0 33 3.8 DjRlaud 0.2 037 039 0.41 0.43 035 0.47 050 042 0355 057 64 6.3 4L9 FquatialGun 0.34 0.37 037 033 039 0.40 0.41 0.42 0.43 0.44 045 1.7 1. 2Z3 E&iqaa 37.72 42.1S 43.35 44A66 469 4764 49.34 51.1 S2S95 54.79 53.30 2.7 2.8 31 GabS 0.80 036 1.00 1.02 1.05 1.0 1.11 1.14 1.17 1.20 1.24 4.6 4.6 ?7 Gambia. Ihe 0.63 0.74 0.76 0.79 0.83 0.86 0.3 0.93 096 05 1.02 33 3.7 33 Gaza 10.74 12.17 162 13.07 133S3 1391 14.43 14.87 15.32 15.79 16.26 1.7 3.1 3.2 Ghuina 4.46 4.86 4.99 S.12 527 5.42 539 .S.76 5.93 6.10 6.27 IA 22 239 Guiea-Bssan 0.81 0.37 0.89 0.90 0.92 .94 0.96 0.98 1.0 1.02 1.04 5.6 20 21 K-'ya 1636 19.30 20.0 20.6 2136 22.03 22.7 2335 2403 24.71 2533 3.8 33 3.0 Leash.1334 1.50 155 1I59 1.63 1L68 1.72 1.77 1.31 1.86 1.90 23 23 2.6 Liberia 1.88 2.14 2.20 225 2.29 232 235 237 237 237 237 3.1 33 09 Mabgar 8.71 9.70 9.99 10.29 10.6 10.9S 11.31 2.i67 12.01 1237 1273 2.8 2.7 3.2 Makawi 6.14 6.95 7.19 7.43 7.69 7.95 322 51 8.80 9.06 9.30 32 32 3.3 Mali 6.S9 7.21 7.39 758 7.78 7.99 .22 846 8.71 8.6 9.23 2.2 2.3 2. Mazaiia 1s55 1.69 1.73 1.77 1.82 1.37 192 1.97 2.02 2.08 2.14 2.5 2.2 2.7 Munizis 0.97 1.01 1.02 1.03 1.04 I.os 10 1.8s 1.09 1.10 1.11 1.7 1.2 1a MNkazbique 12.10 13.44 13.79 14.16 14.53 1432 1531 15.71 16.11 16.51 .16.92 27 2.6 2.6 Nambia 1.07 120 1.24 127 131 1.35 1.4 I4 14S 1.52 1.S7 2.8 3.0 3.0 Nige 5.52 6.35 636 6339 7.00 7.22 7.44 7.67 731 827 3.44 3.1 3.5 3.2 Nigeria 71.15 80.70 8320 35.72 ss27 90.37 9331 96.20 9SJ9S 101.83 104.5 3.0 3.2 23 RIwne 5.16 5.79 5.96 614 6.33 653 6.74 6.95 7.14 7.32 7.49 3.4 Z9 2.9 SflaTmn6and 'icipe 0.09 0.10 0.10 0.11 0.1 0.o1 0.11 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.13 2.9 2.0 2.4 SenEA 5.54 6.19 638 6.57 6.76 6.97 7.18 7.40 7.62 7.84 B0S 2.9 Z.3 3. Seycleles 0.06 0.06 0.07 0.07 0.07 07 07 0.07 0. 0.07 0.07 L.5 0.7 03 Siera Leone 3.26 357 365 3.74 3.34 3.93 4.03 4.14 424 4.35 4.47 z1 23 2.6 Somaia 5.75 6.48 6.69 6.90 7.11 7.34 7.57 7.31 8OS 830 354 2.9 .3.1 3.1 Sath Afiica 2D53 32.76 33.0 34.45 3531 36.19 37.07 37.96 38.86 39.77 40.6S 2.7 2.6 2.4 Sudan 19.15 2135 21.93 22.53 23.5 23.79 24.44 25.12 25.83 26352 27.26 3.0 2S 2.8 SwaZand 057 0.64 OM 0.68 0.71 0.74 0.77 0.80 03 0.86 0.39 32 3.1 3.3 Tanzania 18.10 20.3 21.16 21.80 22.45 23.31 23.79 24.47 25.19 25.95 26.74 3.3 3.2 3.0 Togo 262 2.95 3.04 3114 3.26 3.33 350 3.64 77 3.90 4.03 2.7 -3.0 3.6 Uganda 12.81 13.86 14.13 14.46 14.84 1527 Is.77 1633 16.9 17.46 13.03 2. 2.0 3.2 Zaire 27.01 3O4 3137 32.74 33.86 3sm 3621 37.39 38.58 393-9 41.00 3.0 3.2 3.3 Zambia 5.65 6.47 6.63 6.39 7.11 7.33 .7.55 7.78 8.03 827 53 3.1 34 3.1 Zrtbabwe 7.01 8.04 832 8.60 8.89 9.18 9A6 9.75 10.03 1036 10.64 2.8 3.5 3.1 NQ1Lfll AFRICA : 835 93.50 s lt1 0t31- -0.I 09 .114- .iii---5tM.72A.2 1200 ... 0:- Alenda 18.67 21.20 2I. 22.51 23.5 23.78 2439 25.01 25.63 26.2S 26.13 3.1 32 2.6 Egypt ArabRepublic 40.8 45.33 46.51 4769 48.8 50.06 515 52.43 53.57 54.63 55.75 23 2.6 23 Libya 3.04 3.63 3.79 3.94 4.10 425 4A0 4.55 4.70 4.17 5.04 4.4 4.5 3.6 Morcco 19.33 21.4S 22.06 22.71 23.33 23.96 2432 25.09 25.65 26.19 26.72 2.3 2.6 2.4 Tunisia 6.33 7.09 7.26 7A7 7.64 7.77 7.91 S07 824 3.42 8.61 25 2.6 2.1 -ALLA FCA - 463.43 52.15 . 7 5S7 574i13¾i-590.91.r 611 62514 04336 661J5 6.1024 .. 2.8 , .2.9: 23 Now Gmap &rto for 1993 mnclEriwm .8 Figure 1-1. Developmeat diamonds for all African countries, 1993 ( r_ utavlbleyar) seychima Mauritim Bolsur Tmoi* CapeV"mde 47;.. _ _ ___ SRoTome& Prium Algeria Liba Mormm Saib Africs _ _ I _ _+ + 1| Egpt. Aab Rp. Leotbo Zimbabwe Keyap Nauibis Swawilaud - - Cotdio Camerom Cemou Ghan TOP Gabon_ _ UAbuu Sudan N-Versa - . I j~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Zafre Conup laagar Tabnul Benina F~~~~~~Gp ewdnc nt oohgpg. 0% ___ ____, i ,: *11 II *1tt 11 + E },U E+~ 1 + I4 lW| I~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~. -~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 10 Fine 1-L Sdected bali indicators 1993 (or udmtmavbyar) Uteracy rate GNP pF capita Population growth ntes (s tbousnds) (percent) 0 20 40 a Uo 10 0 2 4 6 - 4 4 0 2 4 6 . ;1 = II =r = 1 ZO --- I ! - - - --_- -I {- { _ -- - . - --I-- Zidbla ED*P F ~~~~- -- ---4-- Go=. Gh- Nd -= -= -= =- = = - cogw G_~hm- __ . _ _ Sum - 1-- g.a - _- - --_ - '= Mi - -- -_- - - .- -r -Saeds n= =n_ _ == = Eml& _-- ----- - *mm *Siud7~IkmrawI SelectedBackgroundData 1 Technical Notes Tables GNP data, exessed in different national cur- rencies, to a common denomination, conven- Table 1-1. Basic indicators. The data for this tionally US dollars. The Atlas conversion table are from the World Bank's Economic and factor for any yearis the average of the of ficial Social Database (BESD), except for offici de- exchange te (able 3-4) oraernativeconver- velopment assistance (ODA), which are from sion factor (Table 3-6) for that rand for he the OECD, GeogWhical Distriution of Fman- two preceding years, after adjusting them for cial Flows to Developing Countmies database differences in relatve inflation between that (see technical notes to Chapter 12). Regional country and the United States. This three-year aggregates for GNP per capita life expe cy, average smoothes fluctuations inces and and educafion are weighted by population. exchange rates for each country. The resing Populaton estimates for mid-1992 are World GNP in US dollars is divided by the midyear Bank esimes. These are usually projecdons populadon for the latest of the three years to from the most recent population censuse or derive GSP per capita. surveys (mostly from 1980-92). Refugees not The following formulas describe the proce- permanently settled in the country of asylum dares for computing the conversion factor for are generally considered to be part of the popu- year t: laton of their country of origin (see techical notes to Tables 13-1 to 13-4). rP$ ±,,ji. Pf4. P F$p.? 1 Area refers to the total surface area of a L'4 3 (P4 Pr2 44 P pp$J+C] country, comprsing land area and inland wa- ters. The data are from the Food and Agridul- and for calculating per capita GNP in US dollars tare Organization (FAO). for year t: GNP per capita figures in US dollars are cal- culated according to the World Bank Atlas t =(YtIN)+e,2,t method descbed below. G?NP measures the total domestic and foreign value added claimed where Y.=cunrentGNP (local currency) foryear by residents. It comPrIses GDP (defined in the , Pt = GNP deflator for year i; e =average note for Table 2-5) plus net fact income from annual exchange rte or alterative conversion abroad, which is the income residents recei factor (local curencyto the US dollar). for year from abroad for factor services Oabor and capi- tr Nt = midyear populon for yer t; Pl = US tal) less simir payments made to nonresid GNP deflator for year t. who contributed to the domestic economy. Growth rates of GNP per capita for this $able The World Bank Atlas method uses a three- are shown in real tenms. They have been calcu- year average of conversion factors to convert ated by- the at-squares method usig -con- 12 Selected &ackgrowzd Data stant GNP per capita series in 1987 prices in commonlyconsideredtobe l2to 17years.Data national currency (World Bank, BESt). See are from uNEsco. also technical notes for Table 2-17. Total net ODA per capita consists of net dis- Life expectancy at birth indicates the number bursements of loans and grants from all official of years a newbom infant would live if prevail- sources on concessional financial terms, di- ing pattems of mortalit at the time of its birth vided by the midyear population for the core- were to remain the same throughout its life. sponding year (see the technical notes to Figures are World Bank estimates based on Chapter 12). data from the UN Population Division, the UN Statistical Office, and national statistical Table 1-2. Population Average annual per- offices. centage growth shown in this table was calca- Primary school enrollment is the rato of laed using the least-squares method. children of all ages enrolled in prmay school Sbistical background for the populon esti- to the population of children of prmary school mates is availble inthe UNPopulaton and Vital age. While many countries consider the pnr- Stastics Report and the World Bank's World mary school age to be 6 to I1 years, oters use PopidzdonProjecions (Wodd Bank 1991) (see differt age groups. These different country also the tchnical notes to Chapter 13). practices are also reflected in the ratios. Gross enrollment may be reported in excess of 100 Figures percent if some pupils are younger or oldertban the country's standard range of prmary school The following indicators have been used to age. In practice, emrollment does not necessar- derive the figures in this chapter. ily equal attendance, nor does it remain con- stant throughout the year. Data are from the FLgure 1-1. Life expectancy (Table 1-1); United Nations Education, Scienfic, and Cul- Access to safe water (Table 13-9); cGP per tural Organization (UNESCO). capita (Table 2-17); prmary school enrollment Secondary school enrollment is the ratio of (Table 1-1). children of all ages enrolled in secondary schools to thepopulation of children of secon- Figre 1-2. Litracy rate (Table 13-12); GNP dary school age. The definition of secondary per capita (Table 2-17); population growth school age differs among countries. It is most (Table 1-2). Sekda Backgrund Data 13 Methodology used for regional ons and period avenges in chpter 1 Aggregadions" Periodavragegb Table (1) (2) (3) (4) (6) (2) (3) Table 1L1 Column 1 x Column 2 x Column 3 x Column 4 x x Column 5 x Column 6 x Column 7 x Column 8 x Column 9 x Column 10 x Tablel x x Noo Regionalgg ar shiown im dws frsubban Afiica, Noth Aicand AU Afiica Pedod avengs am slwnincoann4farTabl 1L1 and in the last mecolnmin forTable lTs tabirdsws only b nathibluogies de a_ Regnqal (1) simple tal (2) siw total of fii dvided by simpl toa of seond indicator (samcotrywovn);(3)sc*tclofppfilledidcaca(4)smctotallofwpp:dmimninda wcdiviWdbysime toed of gapfiled secondary ixdicazo (5) simple oalrofigs fledmamn icarkss simple ta ofsecoadgap-iMed mana indi cato, all dvhbd by smple oal of secondy idcato (6) wegbh total (by popukdm); () mi (8) nO t FPaiodav s: (I) rithmecca (uigsamcnswss as own inth air, ja rai c o if ra ftie showan d l if ruRofticshownas ke gl.gowthnifnsoflabbswnas gwtnh c)ka(2) lstsqaCguwhzt (usigin inicao; (3) lcst-at rwth e (using main inC amcou withthe suf tHeia a .t t ) Natonal Account National accounts data provide the bmadest GDP figures: inome, expwenditre and produc- picture of a nation's economic perfonnance. tion methods. Because of techical and re- National accounts provide infomation on the somuce constraints, the income method is not structLre of production in the form of gross used in most developing countes. li this vol- domesic product (GDP) and its components by ume, GDP and its components by indusial mdustrial orgin, GDP and its components by origin are compiled using the production expenditure, and infonrnation on a nation's eco- method. The three components of GDP by in- nomic relations with the outside world. These dustriad ogin are value added in agriculture, are the key stics for assessmg a nation's value added in industry, and value added in economic condition at a given point in time or services. (See the technical notes at the end of the trends in a nation's economic perormance this chapter.) The national accounts are con- over time. Moreover, national accounts data smcted in national curencies and in current provide a quantive basis for forecasting and prices. Figums reported in this chapter are, policymakng and as such are used widely both however, in US dollars, usualy converted from by analysts and policymakers. national curency series at the official exchange GDP and its components by industiaI origin rate. If the official exhage rateis significantly arecompiledfollowingthevwdelyusedSystem different from the prevailig market rate or of National Accounts (SNA). The SNA method- shows ex:teme volaftilty, the local currency is ology accounts for virtually all activities perd- converted into US dollars by using an alterna- nent to the production of goods and the tive conversion factor. The conversion factois provmsion of services in an economy by resi- usedforthspurposearepresentedinTable3-6. dents and nonresidents, regardless of the allo- Reporting currencies in a common denomina- cation to domestic and foreign claims. GDP tor fadlitates cmss-country comparisons and does not account for the deprcation of fixed aggregations in country groups. capital.-There are three methods of compiling In addition, estimates of GDP and its compo- 15 16 NationalAccouos nents by industial origin are converted into net changes in the level of inventories. It is constant prices. Reporting figures in constant financed either through domestic savings or by prices is essential for monitoring real changes drawing on the savings of foreigners. Data on in the structure of production and for analyzing grss domestic investment and gross domestic relations between prces, production, employ- savings thus shed light not only on the natr ment, and so forthL of the domestic tr ralesource alloca- ConstantpriceseriesinUS dollars use a 1987 tion but also on the size of the resource gap. base year and are converted from national cur- Gross national savings, bowever, indicates the rency senes using 1987 exchange rates To amountofsavingsgeneratedbythercsidentsof establish a common base year for all countries, a nation. national accounts in national currencies at Although tiis volume includes a chapter on constant prices based on years other fthan intnationaltade, the fact tha balance of pay- 1987 have been partally rebased to 1987 by mentsisanintegralpartofthenationalaccounts rescaling constant pnce senes of components the inclusion of the resource balance of GDP. and its components in this chapter. Moreover, Using a singe base year raises pxoblems a closer examination of the fifth edition of the when there are profound stuctural changes or DIMs Bakace of Paymns Maual (1993) re- significant changes in relative prices. For ex- flects differences in concepts, defnitions, and ample, values expressed in constant US dollars ications from the uNs sNA guidelin. necessaily reflect the exchange rates prevail- For instance, in the sNA factor services ren- mg dunring the base year. Where subsequent deed by residents of another county are ex- exchangeratechangeshavebeensubstatial,as cluded from goods and services, -but this they have for many African countries smce practice is not universally followed. The tabies 1980,compansonsamongcountiiesandaggre- on resource balance, and on values of exports ga trends wil be affected. For this reason (fob.) and imports (ci.f) of goods and non- alone, the data should be used with consider- factor services in current US dollars provide a able caution. comprehensive and systematic famework for Monitoring resource allocations across sec- macroecnomic analysis in generaL Those in- tots i any given point in time requires the use terested in a more specalized and rigorous of currt pnces. Accordingly, in additon to study of intenational tradensactLons should GDP in constant pices, GDP in crentprices is use the data provided in Cbapter 5. provided. Followig GDP in current prces are The r of growth of real domestic product is components of GDP by expenditu Data on animiportantimdicatorof economicprogress and consumption, investment and savings are con- as such is widely monitored. Because these structed using the SNA's convendon. Concep- growth rates ae calculated from national sedes, tufy, all income is either consumed or saved, they are suitableforboth cross-country compar- and as such the sum of total consumption and sons and trend analysis for individual countries. gross domestic saving equals GDP. Aggrgate values and tends, however, reflect When viewed from a production point of the choie of the base year, as explaine above. view, by definition savings equals invest- Gross national income per capita, which is ment Investment measures additions to fixed aDP per capita adjusted for changes in intema- assets of an economy, whether it represents tional tems of trade and which include net additions to the stock of capital or merely factorincome from abroad, and total consmp- replenishes depreciated capital stock, plus don per capita are also widely moniored indi- NationalAccowus 17 cators of economic prgress. When expressed quire special attention when used for trend in cumrt US dollar to Tdcifitate compariso analysis. and aggregation, however, the values for these DataforChapter2 are fromthe WorldBank's mdicators necessarly reflect excdhange rate BESD. Estimates are based on data obtained fluctuations as well as underlying economic from national sources, usually collected by and demogrphic changes. These indicators World Bank staff who rview the qualiy of may be used with caution for cross-country national accounts data and, m some instances. comparin duing any single year. They re- help adjust national series is8 tNadonalAccowuus 2-1. Gross domestic product, real Average annual MAilliens of USdoilars, constant 1987 prices pee egrowth - 19 s80 1984 1I*5 1986 1987 19ul 1989 1990 199 1992 1993 759 ws A 'SB-SAHAZ4AFBICL 2,42: f:21-23.7 321: 232,577 21,765 -249,46 2569.2 05 253,363 :56,354 t9 '-, 1-233.- =-- 7s15 -.13i,A-~~~~M ~ 17.4 I51Z4-- fl - 4.............................................. aS.flhililuiu 166.327 115.59 117.794 12,413 124,660127,707. 131418 -32X.630 133,507 -.130 133X576 ... .U 20 . Anga - .720 6,934 7,419 7333 733 7,32 7,35 8.072 6,247 - - U5 Bela 1242 1443 155 1,591 1564 1.63 1,3 1fi33 1,716 JUS 137 2.0 42 2.1 Bou_s 813 1223 1,313 1,418 1.543 1,736 2,017 2,137 2,327 2,390 2,461 10.6 109 3.S BkimFso 1,5 1.74S 1,392 2,002 Z023 2.143 210 2,05 2,343 2,353 2,367 5.0 33 2.9 BDundi 306 930 1,039 1,071 1,131 1,136 1,205 1,243 1,313 1,348 1.333 43 4.0 3.5 Caucus 3,052 10,643 11,458 173 12,057 10.970 11,6 10,300 9579 9,01 36 32 SJ. -4.2 Cape Vr 120 156 168 173 133 195 207 211 216 224 233 43 10.0 42 CaaAfiiheR qpuhiic 954 1.023 1.063 1.075 1,046 1,0a. 1.100 1,103 1,091 1,066 1,039 22 12 C0 Oai 574 733 g34 342 319 952 1,001 13303 1,077 1.O3 1.049 -.4 6.6 3.4 CGns . 153 IS 190 193 196 20 193 200 204 203 210 _ 4.6 12 3gD I,0 2.491 2,461 Z,293 2,S 3 339 2,403 ,42 2461 211 2,4 2D 15 0.9 Cit dIvof 9,965 9.757 10,196 10,4Z 10,374 10.166 10,65 9.353 9,774 9,774 9.667 92 -A -1.0 liboud 346 412 411 332 33D 332 373 370 375 334 375 - 4.0 -0.7 E Gid _ Cbe _ 113 120 123 122 126 124 141 152 - - 3.6 Ohio* 4.743 5.066 4.727 5,035 5,507 5.615 5,705 5,615 5,51 5.165 5,561 2.0 11 1.3 tuba 3785 4.242 4,137 4.100 3,397 3,353 4,107 4,254 4,535 4,42 4.539 -02 2.1 22 G(*i.ibe 13S 225 234 239 242 257 2 273 283 292 297 3.6 3.1 3.3 Gtou 4,654 4390 4A64 4350 5.075 5.355 5,620 5.792 6,092 6,314 6,613 -0.5 -0.9 4.6 Cube. - _ _ 2.071 2,127 2,254 2,325 2,424 2,485 2,565 2,631 - - 3.7 Giiua.ia 116 147 154 152 161 171 153 115 191 196 202 3-0 2. 3.8 Kaya 6,159 6337 7,023 7.529 7972 3,462 2.35 9,23 9,36 9,29 9,333 57 2.3 17 Lem"n 322 337 349 350 370 421 472 492 501 516 54S 10.1 0.7 64 Xabetia 1.26 1,130 1,170 1.151 1,139 - - - _ - - 3.3 -1.9 -1.3 Maiasms 2,707 2,459 2,437 Z536 2566 2,653 2.761 2B49 2,659 Z,639 2.739 03 -1.5 12 M wi 1,052 1,113 1,170 1,163 1,133 1,217 1,211 1,340 1.427 1,312 1.423 6.2 1.9 2.3 MalU 1,66 1.664 1.701 1.937 195 1.921 2J153 2,173 2,134 2.200 2,36 7.6 O0 3A Marimaia 31i 313 342 S90 910 926 965 945 972 939 1,3 10 1.0 22 Miiu 1.205 1.411 1,513 1,666 1,I31 1.951 2,034 2.182 2;270 2,409 2,545 6.9 2.6 6.4 Mioaimbke 1,565 1,215 1,203 1JS 1,336 1.464 1,559 1.575 1,652 1,639 1,92 - -6.6 58 Nuoba 1.750 1.659 1,631 1.725 1.769 I,35 1,393 2,040 2,101 2.24$ 2,25s - -1.1 4.1 -1 - 2,54 2,g079 2149 2,296 2,233 2,344 2,261 2373 2,433 2,279 2,312 5.1 -2.3 0.3 Nigez 30,336 24,431 26,704 27,167 27,111 29,762 31,745 33,510 3S,206 36,662 37,743 2.7 -2.7 5.0 Roa 1.734 2,000 2,0S 2.166 2,15 .144 2,177 2,190 Z,141 2,194 2,265 6. 33 0.7 SlaTcm6adPdmripc 67 51 56 56 55 57 57 52 61 61 61 39 -19 1.2 Seep1 3.673 4.069 4,230 4.423 4,599 4,33 4,315 5,030 S,091 5,157 SS1 2.4 2.6 2.4 Sekcs;I 223 215 237 239 249 260 295 317 303 314 326 9.1 *02 4.6 Sienale 513 567 536 525 554 565 531 609 625 597 601 -0.1 1A 2.0 Sonra 313 359 929 961 1,010 1,0i3 1,001 986 - - - 11.1 1.0 12 Sat Afi - 74.143 20.191 79,232 79,241 3806 84.279 36,213 35,S07 35.465 S33,66 34,602 2.0 1.9 0.9 S9i.n 9,170 10,226 9,584 9,96 10,130 9,742 10,460 1D,300 10638 11,539 - 7.6 1.9 1.9 Sw9zld - 363 427 443 509 S36 625 656 639 704 690 711 3.0 37 516 Tela 3,061 3,143 3,137 3.362 3.524 3.70 4,094 4.3ES 4.453 4,62 - 22 09 5. Tqog 1,234 1.154 1,224 1,243 1,249 1,327 1,31D 1.32 1,370 1,241 1.034 32 0.6 C -.4 Upgna - 4,123 4.150 4.16 4,4t4 4.793 S.131 5,342- - 5536 5.704 6.066 _ 5.1 Z*e 6519 7.091 7.124 7.460 7,660 7,703 7.550 7,376 6,345 6,12 - -3.2 19 -1.9 7Ak. 1,976 1,982 2,014 2,015 Z,073 2,193 2,174 2.135 2,171 Z,113 2257 -035 0.4 1.1 2imlwe - 4,356 s563 5,391 5,42S 5.310 S,792 6.051 6,168 6,470 5956 6,07S -.1I 47 2.0 NtSF'1l~.S .:j>' 1311 p14:7WlJ>4 15LV6 151;40 1S1,9 rI54,l1I-S9,62St-lG.F16S;t.,ff.r 165 .t..............1......:SI7j --165, :-F 3;6 Alged 50,152 61,343 64,912 64,560 64.475 63.497 66,935 66247 66,592 67,96 66,469 72 438 0.6 Egypt Arb Republic 24,099 31,636 33.778 34.672 35.545 36,939 3S1037 39.004 39.S90 40,022 40.240 11.2 7.6 2.4 libya 40,227 23.765 26.221 Z3,940 23,174 23,336 23.416 .. _ - - 11.0 -6.C -2.4 Ma>ce I5.157 16.733 17.785 19,173 1I3746 20,66S 21.137 21,936 23;214 22,367 22,414 6.0 33 3.2 Tu_id. 7.433 S.697 9.130 9.055 9,152 9.675 10,032 10,7B3 11.16 12.075 12399 6.3 4.3 4.2 AWMREAY k- ie K 1 :J41~P1: 367_g,002~ 6 0 . aM NadonalAccoaus 19 2-2. Value added in agriculture :Aveag annua AtitiOJSOW COIS! WitJ987pnes penmggmt me0 isas ines ins irn; ins isfU imso inJ iun ins3 vw -Oas us- A*pla - 3 92n 949 923 3 954 - - _ _ 0i5 Benin 435 490 536 SuS 521 59s 42 634 634 704 729 4.6 3- 4.3 lBus_ 113 79 77 aS 79 131 130 13S 139 14Z IS0 -IA 46 9.3 BuiinF o 711 7b4 340 946 49 1.002 937 917 1.049 1,010 1.010 -05 29 2.1 Bmrodi s435 462 522 s4 572 5m 1 56s 600 613 632 62 2.1 2A 2.0 Ca m 2.242 2,5 2,354 Z97 2.649 2,414 2W3 34 2,107 202 193 3.7 25 -3.5 capeVcadc 16 16 20 20 26 2B 27 29 29 29 - - 32 5.7 Ceald Aftican Rtqalc 363 380 394 430 411 439 444 444 430 434 446 2.1 I 1.0 310 277 333 315 304 398 350 381 453 435 467 0.0 25 4.9 Cmos 57 67 70 72 75 73 3 32 33 33 3 - 43 23 COgo 218 246 243 2O 274 293 316 315 301 304 272 12 3.4 21 CBUt vac 3j26S 3,01 1 2 2,22 3.023 3.014 3,017 3,330 3.21 3,077 3.147 3.7 -21 Z.1 Djbsi _ 10 10 9 9 9 9 - - - - - - -22 EqualmiIGoia - - 71 76 73 74 7S 70 67 67 - - -L4 Ei* 2,039 1,993 1,69 1,329 2107 206 2103 Z113 2231 2190 23 113 -2U 34 *bwi 336 354 370 365 357 395 392 375 333 379 384 - 19 0.6 * himlTc 54 7B 69 74 72 72 73 65 76 - - -3,3 45 0.7 Gaa 2,6Z27 2.469 2,435 2W567 2,56 660 2,773 2,1 2,S 27 290 45 -1.3 13 Qoinn - - - 627 647 643 666 63 Wt 70 777 - - 3D Gain,hssm. 46 64 68 71 73 31 86 33 99 103 107 0.3 IA A3 Kcnya 1,704 105 l91 209 2,16V 2,5 2358 2440 2,422 2342 Z2 5.3 29 2.0 Lesotbo 65 61 59 63 59 75 It 33 -5 44 52 3.7 -7.4 -2. Ubn _ _ _ _ _ -___ ,adagarcar 720 757 765 790 310 an 31 5 393 909 933 -19 1.5 25 .. awi 348 375 377 379 3m 390 400 399 450 337 497 6.7 U -L Mali 814 653 644 37 341 U5 1,631 952 917 1,030 - 39 -47 15 2Mu-'a 216 225 230 2WD 264 272 275 25T 27 272 291 -1 2.7 19 manitins 147 18 289 231 224 212 196 215 211 224 219 -- I 12 0.0 ,:mbi;que 55S 356 576 5SW S54 566 639 604 595 499 603 -43 0.6 -MR& 304 m 238 22D 230 247 257 276 273 297 - 47 33 NIg- 757 733 U41 907 786 - OS - - 33 9 0.5 s - Nig-ua 9,2 7,0 9,232 1003 9,76 10720 11,227 11.64 121 1637 - -27 -14 4.5 Rwao 833 35 310 on am 773 19 8D 6 S 37 837 - 39 0.3 0.4 SioT .dnrp_ - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Sagal an 8 16 J8 970 997 1,W2 M I.OJ L050 1.041 s -J -0I1 1.3 S*vbdks 15 14 14 14 13 12 13 1s IS 14 14 03 -2.9 0.4 SinraLce 131 133 203 202 216 m 224 235 237 - - 115 1.5 2.7 sm.aga 454 530 5W 573 520 641 624 632 - - - 17S 3.9 2.1 Sosd Africa 4,222 3,521 4.237 4,517 4,632 4761 5335 4X3 5103 3,317 4.493 1A -15 0.0 Suds 245 3343 2,934 3.422 3,57 2.37 3.110 3,000 2,174 - _ 4.0 L7 -1.6 SwazIlnd 67 69 68 3i 72 67 73 74 75 5. 62 4.1 0.0 Ll Talnin 1,433 1,569 1,63 1,759 136 1.913 20 2,1U9 2,224 2322 - O 2J 49 Top 320 333 412 418 413 457 482 497 491 435 364 0A 55- 3 [UFd . 2,427 2,496 2,499 25 2,730 293 3059 3,117 3139 3,33 - - 41 Zaire 3,376 2,070 127 2,177 2 2.27 23 - - - 06 26 25 7amnli 190 208 215 234 229 273 266 242 255 171 259 1s 1.6 02 1abdw 646 710 379 825 676 348 834 785 m9 611 - -23 33 46 _ 17244 19,513: :20,4S 'IAN 21.225 22Y97 2X43 .25,0 24,390 23,49 29: 17 2 97 19 AMguaa 4.765 4,600 5,664 5,544 f4495 5917 76 6355 7,816 3,91 7,34. 4-9 25 5.0 E bM R Arsb Rqdic 5S3 6,309 6,511 6643 6737 6,957 7,D96 7.217 7.34 7.467 7.S 2.3 29 1.6 _ft _ . _ - Mo M9 2,327 2,756 3.768 2,30 3 35 3.761 4,9 2,941 2, 25 12. 0.6 Tuniuia 1,077 1,191 1,398 1,727 1479 109 1.160 1.411 I,693 13 1,69 -03 43 42 AJIAlUCA ... . . 63.5 5 .:S. -S 73,-4 74O3:9-: :ip,250. 7.. :.f' f 0- '. .... 20 NatdonalAccowots 2-3. Value added in industry Avewage vwal MiWiown of US do&len constt 19Bprice - penmtgegrowh IS 199 ms 198 1m7 19S 199 1990 1991 199 199I ,-sn 8a08 8&A M SUB-AHARArfAfRCl:K _97r. _620 e_0,9S !g0,33 .7 67f7617t:11n-. - 26,48 76025 6,58a 2 - =33 -05-;- .--13 Anga - - 2662 25 5 3,048 3.427 3,37 3,371 - __ 6.4 scrn 143 238 260 204 204 216 201 215 215 225 231 -LI 115 -0.1 Bomn . 353 754 766 1a3 30 941 1t97 I,03 13J59 1103 1,079 16.3 181 52 BueaFa 290 317 334 334 397 361 389 419 419 447 453 1.6 29 4.0 BuEMd 119 149 163 166 171 179 180 194 211 217 207 111 6.7 33 Cameras 2.013 3,91 3.702 4,073 3.700 3.37 3;1S1 2,99 2.70 2,766 2.617 15.0 16.3 -52 CapeVerde 21 26 29 31 35 37 39 39 31 39 _ - 7.0 3.0 Can AfiicuRqalmic 132 135 140 134 141 144 166 174 172 154 1W 3.A 13 2.3 a2od as 177 172 166 21i 169 216 231 197 176 169 -4A 11.3 1.6 CaGoS 21 26 25 25 21 19 16 16 19 23 25 - 4.1 49 CGgo 539 931 136 m09 i22 47 935 946 943 103 1,074 4. 143 3.0 C&,etdlire 1,657 1,534 2322 2,64 23169 23197 2333 2166 1,963 1,976 2,023 133 23 -1.3 DIA - 57 56 57 56 S7 58 - - _ - - - 0.S qoiIGi - e _ 10 11 11 12 14 14 16 - - 89 Bbiqia Si 8t2 13 857 89 907 911 869 729 09 70 0.4 4-4 -2.1 Gabm 1,51 1.779 1,712 1.313 1.490 1.483 1.757 2,0A6 2,23 2,12 2,238 - 2.2 43 :iambil.Thk 20 16 21 24 23 24 26 2 - _ - 5.1 1.1 4.4 GThma m77 5Su 691 743 823 389 911 975 11011 1.069 1,115 -3.6 -63 6. Gainea _ - - 611 676 705 731 759 779 SW0 124 - - 4.0 GuBinema-i 25 33 35 31 26 23 29 30 19 19 20 5.3 4.6 -69 Kenya 1.010 1.096 1J60 1.206 1,270 1,333 L421 1,437 1,524 1.524 1.530 6.1 2.7 39 [snods 36 73 37 82 95 111 1S0 161 171 197 217 27.3 -03 14.1 Madapsm 364 275 282 293 307 312 316 314 313 310 313 1.2 -5.4 1.2 Milawi 179 179 192 139 192 205 221 242 251 259 253 5.7 ID 4.7 Mali 11S 193 203 219 208 210 202 220 209 234 - 2.6 10.4 0.9 Mwtmifa 164 193 206 224 218 22D 243 231 230 225 243 05 2.3 1A M-'-sior 231 333 379 442 497 542 577 624 659 707 750 LB 3.6 8. Mw iqe 465 192 127 136 173 229 225 ZS 2 244 219 218 - -239 7.4 Namibia 568 473 453 492 496 502 475 372 490 499 - - -3.8 -04 Nipr 482 407 396 400 418 - - - - 407 414 17.9 -3.4 - Niceua 12431 9,196 9,635 9,132 8136S 9,748 10,497 11,169 11.649 11S8S - 5B -5.8 42 Rwzada 409 465 452 472 476 497 499 471 436 463 _ 5.6 5.0 -03 San TNeand wPinee _ _ - - - - - - .. - - - Smagal 685 712 727 762 322 318 906 945 963 933 966 5.1 22 39 Sqdudes 35 35 43 4 39 43 46 51 56 55 62 33.6 2.3 52 SiamLAes 136 110 92 100 100 93 106 112 103 - _ -69 -5.0 2.8 Somlia aS 70 72 93 93 89 79 78 - - -39 -2.9 -06 Sch Afiia 33,436 34,460 33,S4S 33,015 32.145 34.369 34,650 34.347 33,718 33.153 33,281 2.1 0.6 0.1 Sub. 1,337 1,460 1,470 1t560 1567 1,5St 1,D20 1,524 1,753 - _ 5.0 6.5 1.9 SwaziUad 96 106 10S 135 162 198 213 240 250 264 274 4.7 I6 122 Tanmia 456 373 359 368 419 446 422 503 52S 539 - 2.0 4.6 6.3 Toga 295 218 249 245 250 28S 303 239 310 269 192 6.0 -2.5 -0.5 ugona - 295 277 239 361 400 443 467 514 535 566 - - 9.7 Zaite 1.753 1,991 ,997 2,094 2113 2,072 1,961 - - - -6.0 2.9 -0.5 Zambia 397 387 S97 393 932 994 986 1,031 1,019 1,05 1,090 -1.4 0.0 2.5 ZImbabwe 1,453 1,2I5 1390 1,432 1,459 1,58 1,591 1,669 1.722 1,577 _ -33 -0.5 2.7 NGfl~tIC&~'-~. -4 ~~8 AA4flIY A~i494~$~M083~ 9$13~C49A8Zz 4974~' O~5Ii 50.S1P~ . '4- 3 "A3. .- Algeria 13.134 22,71 23,07- 23.75S 22,66 21531 21.771 20973 20,360 21,050 21,179 7.7 4.7 -1.6 E6nl Ara Rpublic 6369 3.633 9314 9.471 9,685 ID.115 9,997 10,441 10,6C 10,590 10.412 16.2 6.6 1. labya - - - - .. - - .. - . -. - - Moieco 5,239 3,678 6,006 6,062 6,164 6,671 6,594 7,214 7,219 7,35 7,244 65 2.1 2.9 Tunisi 2234 2,47- 2.694 2,672 22 2,744 2892 3.071 3227 3.403 3.472 Li 45 3 8 ALLAIlUCA. L 10927.3 L1d0f8: .1190 .12 1419,43:12.72 2 12b.075 12603: 126,fl9. 1X,11 . 4.3 19 09 NaionalAccownts 21 24. Value added in services Average annae Airam of US dair coanra 1987 prices percmage growh HR 19SJ 1985 1986 1987 i98 1989 1990 1991 JS92 1993 79-79 85-1 864J - e 102. :. .1M- - . - .17, :: .147,23449`3.- :2.0 ;' i Afii& *0,3T i.fl,933 3 -5 gm 52..b S ,. -i:,-'- .I: Angola - - 3.123 3.462 3,422 3.4Ut 3.506 3.S2 - _ _ _ _ 1.3 Bcoin 664 720 762 823 839 813 741 789 817 358 837 1.4 2.8 1.1 Baerna 347 395 475 53D 534 714 790 917 3,029 1,145 1,232 IIA 6.5 133 BueadPaso 427 576 631 630 07 690 742 772 777 795 307 26i 6.4 35 Brd 191 245 274 281 238 296 303 343 351 357 363 3.9 6 42 Caaoan 3.727 4.0W6 5402 S.03 5.708 5.184 5124 4,953 4,62 4,23 4.097 87 5. -339 CapeVedk 13 114 120 121 122 129 141 144 356 1S6 - - 7.7 4.5 ScealAtfican Republic 414 44Z 460 439 415 413 420 420 403 411 338 2.1 1.1 -1s C&ad 179 233 2S5 316 313 32S 371 322 365 362 322 3.7 6.4 19 Como= 7S 93 95 96 101 105 10S 102 10 102 102 - 4.9 (La Congo 747 1,314 1,3S 1.233 1,251 1.199 1,153 163 1,217 1,234 1,141 IJ 133 -L0 C&edir 3-330 3.715 3,337 3.793 3.436 3.4 3,2S 2,964 3,133 3.340 3,239 3-9 -.1 -2.4 DJpbei 271 274 257 254 2S? 243 _ _ _ Equialo ina - - _ . 27 27 34 32 33 36 40 43 - _ 6.7 Thhiopsia 1.51 1,739 1,755 1,331 3.96 2,069 ZO9 2,056 1,99 13744 1.,393 2.4 3.6 COJ Gab.s 1,793 2.103 1,986 1,922 1549 1.975 1,953 173 1,939 139T7 ,913 - 22 04 amTbia,lc 33 99 106 107 114 113 119 27 - - 5.S5 Z5 3.5 Qi- 1.451 1,333 1.437 1,540 1.67W l6 1.93S 2,099 2 .417 2596 2.3 3.3 7.7 -1ic - _ - 333 s33 901 923 978 999 1,025 1,079 - - 4LI G5iac _is 45 51 51 Sl 57 63 65 67 72 74 75 7.5 3.3 5.5 KaRP 2.469 2,898 3.059 3,263 3.430 3,616 3.306 3,976 4J 19 4.240 4,333 6.0 43 45 Lthnl 95 124 125 134 139 146 152 163 172- 178 177 7.5 6.9 4.7 Mh _agmer 1,279 1,114 1.122 I,30 I.22 1.175 1,222 1,271 1332 1,195 1,221 2.1 -2.3 12 Mabi 407 430 458 471 433 502 520 555 5u 592 S63 4.7 2.3 3.4 Mal 731 313 849 911 916 357 924 1,000 1,003 936 - 72 2. 13 Mariania 352 297 304 317 334 341 351 364 379 394 493 49 -2.1 35 MNuuits SUt 635 707 741 gaS 36S 917 974 1,019 1,035 1,145 9.7 32 6.3 Maa2mhiyue 510 640 473 511 516 56s Su 641 699 09 997 - 0.1 8. Namibia 751 SS6 366 U3 903 923 950 1,131 1.044 1.147 - - 2.8 4.3 Niger 1,305 940 912 989 I29 - - _ - 939 1.009 5.1 -5.6 - Nii 6,943 7.081 7.402 7,614 7.936 3.76 9,432 ,913 10,38 10,973 - 7.2 14 6.3 Rwanda 537 677 797 36D 362 874 360 832 868 394 - 113 LO 1.1 SloT1oidandP _iacit_ - - - _ - _ _ _ SaCqal 2.115 2,541 2,63 2,691 2.711 2.852 2,927 3,00 3.077 3.123 3.100 31 3.3 2.3 Scybdkcs 173 165 1W0 182 197 205 236 251 237 244 251 107 45 4.a SraLae c 159 233 218 209 211 231 231 229 2 - - -17 LI 2.2 Somalia 230 224 233 238 243 23S 254 235 - - - LI 0.9 0.5 Sout Afica 30,037 34.799 34.730 34,933 36,163 37309 38,168 33,332 33.431 33.456 33,550 22 35 14 S-dan 4.399 4.00 4.647 4.396 4,634 4.96 1 5 S,3 5 ,393 - - 11.7 25 3.5 Sun9lmd 143 187 202 221 27 272 279 279 230 269 273 38 6A 3.2 Tmumia a26 320 832 839 363 390 951 931 964 992 - 6.6 0.1 2.7 TOa 639 S53 563 581 581 53S 595 596 56 437 323 3.4 -0.9 -4A Uganda - 1,23S 1,230 1,255 L32t 1,423 1519 1,502 1,701 1,714 1,331 - - 5.8 Zir 2,3W 3,030 3,000 3.190 3,326 3.344 3,238 - _ _ - -3.6 07 2.0 Znlia 389 387 902 Sm 917 926 921 911 393 336 901 -0.1 GA -0.1 Zimbibv 1.157 2,445 2516 2,615 2,691 .2.842 2.993 3pSD- 3,7 3,5 - -05 72 3.3 hllllAIIIA411A 4;11l '7.14 h.l11 h'7,hIl M.4,111 1J4WA9 Ml1:aI 111.111 fJta ;di/l 77,46W Af III 7 I Algaa 16,61S 21,337 ZZ,324 2,933 23,122 23.914 24.939 24,439 23,199 24.290 24,319 6.6 5.6 0.3 Egypt. Aab Republic 9573 14.491 15,55 16,036 16,45 17,275 13,269 11.553 18,976 19,052 18,306 I6.3 11.2 2.S Morco 7,319 3,733 9,023 9,347 9,7m 10,209 10,5S 10,9062 11.400 12,075 1,239 7.1 5. 4.1 Tunisi 3.162 3.776 3,45 4.011 4.269 4,610 4.734 4,834 43SS 5,369 5,663 6.1 4.3 4.5 AULAURICA 124515 14t4X 154.1.3I 157,10S:161.000 167.133 172,452 174;47 .176,013 179WP7, .11843 . ; :.SA.r 4.4 2.1 22 NaticrdaAccows 2-5. Gross domestic product, nominal Averv annual Millons of US dollars. cwrent price peremagwegrOWd I39 1984 198 19 1987 I1P 1969 1999 199 1992 rs93 73- 5 8AR SU--SAIRWPIk 9,8 g2L3~4,9 22,6 232,577f -.9,0 25,3 23,95 23m4,173 28,l820,Z;s:2';. - I-s .J3E:v-- 1.8u : Angola - .. 5.365 6,443 7,419 8,010 9.321 10,313 0.5 Bein 1,405 1.051 1.046 1,336 1,564 1,626 1.502 1,345 IM 2,167 2,159 2.0 42 2.1 Btswn 971 1.215 IJ37 1.266 1,543 2,248 2.749 3.176 3,68 3,700 4.015 10.6 10.9 La 8dicina Fas 1,484 1.123 1,242 1,733 22 2238 2,175 2.581 2,753 2939 2,81S 5.0 3.7 2.9 Buund 920 937 1.150 1,202 1,131 102 1.114 1,141 1,170 1,097 98 43 4.0 3.5 Caurroon 7,499 7391 8.141 10,776 12, 2 10,554 11,043 11,674 10,447 10,040 32 3JD -42 capeYcide 107 103 107 146 183 210 223 274 297 340 325 4.5 10.0 4.2 CuitrdAficaaRqubic 797 638 704 990 1046 1.103 1,155 1,304 1,278 1,33 1,233 2.2 1.2 o0 Cha 727 647 7 752 819 1,044 1,009 ,13 1.297 1,310 1,197 -1.4 6.6 3.4 Cousis 124 107 114 162 196 207 199 244 242 261 276 - 4.6 1.2 CongD 1,706 2,194 2.161 1,849 2,2 2,213 2.377 2,11S 2,644 2,740 2,335 20 12.5 0,9 Cbcdhvcir 10,175 6,599 6.982 9,368 10,374 10,28 9.36S 9BS9 9,503 10,130 9.29S 92 -1.4 -4.0 Djlboati 296 333 344 369 380 402 4e4 418 432 462 45 - 4.0 07 EquatFdilOGiaca - - s0 99 120 127 112 132 131 IS9 157 - - 3.6 EJiWia 4,8109 4331 4.778 S,26 5,507 s s5,75 5,95 U 6,6m 6.723 4.141 2. 1.1 1.3 Gobn 4,79 3,561 3,66 3,466 3,397 3.830 4,220 5456 5,424 5,672 5462 -02 2.1 2.2 G=bia,The 233 164 218 203 242 276 291 331 323 360 356 3.6 3.1 3.3 Ghna 4445 4,412 4,504 5,728 Sp,75 5j195 5.249 626 7,000 6,884 6,086 -0.5 -09 4.6 Gum - - _ 2,03 2,1 2,456 2,716 2,98 3,135 292 3,096 - - 3.7 G*inca4Bia 105 138 158 126 161 155 162 233 234 221 237 3.0 2U6 3.3 KRya 7,265 6,192 6,131 7,241 7,972 8.519 3,341 3.533 8,043 7338 5_539 5.7 2.8 3.7 T 36B 309 247 276 370 451 495 604 643 747 759 10.1 07 6.4 Llaia 1,117 1,094 IJ95 1.O08 1,139 - - - - - - 3.3 -19 -1.3 Madagascar 4,042 2,39 2,853 3,258 2,566 2,443 2,498 3,031 2,677 2,994 3.35 0.3 -1.5 1.2 Mauk,i 1,238 1,208 1,131 1,181 1.183 1,335 1.590 1,S61 2,192 1,851 2,027 62 1s 2.8 Mali 1,629 1,051 1,244 1I69 1,96 1,93 2,049 2,477 2,383 2,735 2,662 7.6 0.0 3.4 ' .iuuind 709 727 683 803 910 957 912 120 1,130 1,191 965 LD 1.0 2.2 Maudis 1,132 1,040 1,076 1,458 1,831- 2,070 2,118 2.559 2,724 3,6 3,20 6.9 2.6 6.4 Mmnbiqe 2,02 1,939 2,54 3,015 1,336 1203 1,330 1,443 1,433 1, 1.467 -6.6 53 Nan2bt Z,OSI 1.488 1,281 1.459 1.769 19 1,979 2J29 226 Z534 Z,537 . -1.1 4.1 Nager 2,3 1,461 1.440 1,4 2,233 2,7 2171 2,481 2,37 2345 2,194 51 -2.8 03 Nsigu 93.032 82,933 80,956 41,644 27,111 32,013 31,251 35,460 34,124 30.612 3432 2.7 -2.7 5.0 hwna 1,163 1,58B 1,715 1.944 Z,158 239 2,323 2,29 1,630 1,552 - 63 3.7 0.7 S-bTUeSZ6IaIdCi i 43 33 35 64 55 49 46 52 31 43 40 39 -1.9 1.2 Seq.! 3016 2F 7 2,578 3.764 4599 43 4,628 5.703 5.639 6,277 .704 2.4 2.6 2.4 Sqdecl 147 151 169 208 249 284 303 373 375 425 443 9.1 .02 4.6 Slaras IJ0 1,087 1,315 1,431 554 1,140 950 157 755 696 732 -0.1 1.4 2.0 S as:dia 604 78B 876 930 1,010 1,03 1,092 917 - - - 11.1 1.0 1.2 SoouhtAic - 77,459 72,67 55,246 62,203 80,806 87,119 89.004 12IIS 107,82 114,630 111.765 2.0 1.9 0.9 Sudn 7,944 9J182 6,706 8,742 10.180 9.767 10,331 9,014 7,310 S,9S9 _ 7.6 1.9 1.9 Swazud 512 495 361 449 586 692 696 873 875 899 899 3D0 3.7 5.6 Tnzaia 5.13S 5.114 6904 4,32 3.524 3,336 2,839 2,590 3,183 2,746 _ 22 09 5.8 Top 1.136 718 762 1,061 1,249 1,379 1,353 1,636 1,615 1,560 1.266 32 0.6 -0.4 Ugada 1,267 2661 2,535 4.127 4,444 2,554 3.044 2.321 2,639 3,261 4,027 _ _ 5.1 Zaie 14,391 7,356 7,193 8,094 7,660 8,359 8.769 _- - -3_2 1 -1.9 ZEba 3,384 2,72 2, 1,664 2,078 3,32 3,995 3,28 3,393 3,178 3.132 -0.5 0.4 1.1 ZImbabw 5,355 S5.93 4521 4,974 S,380 6,336 6,241 6,814 6,51S 5,690 5,567 -1 4.7 2.0 AIgala 4X347 52947 57,997 63D69 64,475 58,718 54,937 59302 43,290 4,564 46,319 7.2 4.3 0.6 ypt, a li RtpabEe 22,913 30,643 34,690 35,830 35,$ 30,97 33,858 35,400 32,790 35,559 39,099 112 7.6 2.4 IJbya 35,545 25,533 27,366 21.011 23.174 21,097 21,64 11.0 -6.S -24 Macceo 114S21 12,751 12,370 16395 1,746 27,198 22,347 25,940 27,755 28,401 27,435 6.0 3.7 32 Tuni_ia_ 3,743 3,033 4.2S0 3842 965 10.125 10,177 12,s5kW 13219 IS.865 15,100 6.3 43 42 ACl FRICA - 411.110 390.370 331.3l0 6 2 4U,17. .393,036 39.756 74' 78: 423,395 -434,.633 "132,31 . . To- -7 i - i: No Period guuuhunn mdm =WS G) tP_taa 1967pi,simd (1947) e ur NationalAccounts 23 2-6. Total consumption reit onge of GDP Anmnal average 1980 14 1985 iS6 197 19U 1989 1990 199) 1992 1993 75-79 80.8s A :SUBSAHARNA1-A . 733.3 132. A. fx 1.- . :.; .3 0 , B3.B 13A4 77.3 B11.0 :4 Ajgioilin .27.9 £71 6 16 :. sK3 S~ -SA 1s3.5 86: 88.| 7 ;, O 85. to e;ti&Ngaa .86.6 '359 l 19 5 i. 3 8 9.3 0 3 1 Ano . -_ 78.0 84.7 75.0 7B.4 77.1 732 .. 77.7 Dsia 105IS 94.6 992 97.1 96.4 983 96.4 94.5 94. 96.1 96 92 100.6 963 Delas 72 3 703 67.1 592 60.9 57.1 55.7 62.6 63.5 61.4 65.0 32.6 74.1 60.7 Bkidna}aso 1092 104.4 102. 99.0 100.4 97.1 961 96.7 95.8 97.1 973 1023 106.6 97A Bhmdif 100.6 93.7 953 95.6 93.4 983 96.7 1028 1I.I 102.9 II.I 94.7 961 1012 c.n.noo 843 67.3 64.1 685 70.3 81.4 853 89.1 87.9 90.5 902 83.7 73.6 8.9 Cape Verdc 124.0 105.6 105. 107.7 102.0 1019 1020 102.7 102.9 103.0 - 131.1 1OI 1032 CStIalAMicaURCpUbIic 109.6 100.3 103 101.7 102.4 IOIS 93.9 106.3 99.5 96.7 9.5 IW0S 103.3 100.1 Chad - 103.1 119.4 122.1 119.6 113.5 116.0 112.2 117.0 113.6 1099 96.2 109. 1155 C=aaws 110.1 101.6 100.3 IO3 102.0 102.0 107.0 105.5 10337 99.4 99.6 - 1055 102.6 Cap 64.3 53.6 63 84.4 772 812 72.6 73.0 85.3 82 92.4 385 60.9 IL8 CItc dvire 79.6 77.7 742 76.9 33.9 83.9 17.4 85.4 86.5 83.6 B3.7 72.3 7.8 13.9 Diboui - 1033 1033 103.3 100.1 105.9 113.5 10.5 106.3 1103 114.1 - 103A 1079 EqpatmiaCGuiuca - - 1032 106 1169 122.9 1111 110.9 114.5 972 925 92.4 - 109.4 Efhiopia 95.1 97.6 972 9SS 95.0 95.0 94.1 94.3 100.0 IOO15 9B.4 94.6 969 96.6 Gabhon 39.4 4S.1 4L1 71.1 73.6 67.7 61.3 5SB 5B5 64.6 65.1 40.1 44A 652 Ganbia,The 99.3 95.1 94.9 91.4 933 89.9 92.1 912 96.1 975 - 96.3 952 93.1 Ghana 953 93.4 92.4 92.0 92.8 91.7 92.1 942 92.1 982 1012 91.4 95.0 94.3 oiCn e - _ - 823 85.3 87.7 83.6 83.1 86.4 89.8 90A - - 6I. Chuina.Disa 106.0 1083 111.0 1013 992 111.2 119A 106.9 106.0 122.0 1W5 106.4 1055 1035 Kaaya 81.9 8D.6 75.1 78.1 80.1 8D3 81.7 10.9 0.0 824 79 30.4 79g 805 LesTio 159.7 193.7 ms 1735 170.0 166.7 146.4 130.1 154.3 144.8 142.1 1684 171.6 153.6 Lilia 72.7 85.6 35.7 81.6 - h - - - - 70.1 83. - Madagascar 4IOIA 963 987 93.8 95.1 92.8 9D.6 93.7 992 96.5 93l 96.7 993 95.0 3.aInwi 89:2 85.2 87.1 39.9 87.0 90.3 95.5 90.6 92.1 982 94.9 12.4 36.6 92.4 Ma 101.9 103.4 111.S 101.1 94.0 975 95.0 94.3 93.6 952 94.3 992 103.6 95.6 Ihitmnia 93.1 101.9 912 923 82 833 37.4 94.4 90.0 90.7 37.0 972 97.1 92 hbziius 39.5 813 77.8 71A 72.6 74.6 76.7 n0 762 75.0 7518 78.1 83.6 74.9 Moza& ciqe 99.5 1OILI 1041 96. 13.1 117.1 1162 111.7 1092 113.4 111.0 104.8 111.0 Nialia 57.1 951 74.4 77.1 95.6 83.3 37. 93.4 98.0 9B.5 - _.845 9. Nige 77.4 101.6 93.9 922 92.0 81.3 90.9 96. 92.5 982 9SI7 90.0 915 92.7 Nigeni 67.7 886 37A 833 82.4 855 77.5 70.5 773 77.3 - 743 833 791 XhwO& 95.8 912 91.1 91.7 93.7 95.4 95.5 9C.9 97.9 1013 - 912 94.7 95.9 SaoTan6anIPkidcipe 114.9 112.1 118.1 108.6 114.5 102.3 140.0 129.0 118.4 124.0 111.0 992 111.6 1135 Segnal 100.4 97.8 101.4 94.4 94.9 93.6 93.6 919 92.1 92.3 92.6 91B 101.4 932 Sqdidles 72.9 75. 72.1 70.1 69.0 6B.1 702 623 31.3 85. 91.3 68. 80.2 74.8 Sina Lceon 100.8 89.1 902 90.0 83. 911 94.3 91.3 8.A 89.5 94.9 959 943 91.1 Saali 112.9 122.3 832 972 912 935 10639 112. _ _ 104.6 1123 1003 Sout AfiiAM 60.9 73.1 70.7 71.7 72.5 73.0 733 74.6 78. 1.0 80DA 68.3 69.7 75.7 Sudan 96. 93.1 103.1 91.6 872 92.7 933 933 102.6 .. 91.4 972 935 Swaziad 93.5 892 95.3 83.1 2.1 822 31.1 86A 39.5 891 9t.4 75.2 92.4 65 Tauina 902 92. 92.9 94.5 3S3S 104.1 97.3 185 95.6 95.4 - 34.9 89.6 95A TOga 752 039 84.6 83.9 872 3.3 3.9 16.4 352 3B3. 96.0 74.3 791 6!9 Upnd 100.4 91.6 952 9.O IOD.7 99.1 9B5 99.0 99.7 1001 935 - 973 992 Zaike 899 3Y.C 85.6 16.1 E7.8 8B.0 8.5 - .. - - 37.6 90.5 376 Zaba 8 30.7 3.5 4.6 77.4 82.0 313 962 822 121 192 905 75.3 65 85.I Zimbabwe 84U2 0.5 79.0 77.1 78.7 73.0 770 79.4 79.0 B6.6 7817 8D07 M33 73.7 NOR3IAFR1CA 64.B 703 70E. -.96: 792 31.1: .81.3- SM4 : 121- 123 66: iCG- :UI. Algum 563 62.6 63.6 70.6 68. 730 707 73A 653 70A 721 622 60.6 705 Eln&AizbRepthc 842 B16D 85.5 862 9334 911 943 952 93D0 933 93.4 84.4 3 4 926 Libya 43.1 - - _ .. - - _ - 53.9 53.1 - MoroCCo 163 353 81.9 83.5 S33 795 818 80.9 82.9 13.5 312 80 35.5 821 Tnisia 76.0 79.7 79.6 8338 10.4 32 81.0 8309 3.7 793 792 77.6 782 80.7 M±AJIUCAtl 71.0 : 80 . 74.1 Xi 4 R!t; W.l 31.1 Sl,' N.3 HSX. PAn D. 758: 77.7 R42 24 NationalAccowus 2-7. General government consumption Percetag of GDP Annm [aw(vage 19M 1914 1519 1986 191 191 198 199 1991 1992 1993 75-79 198 8-MR SUD4IIAAN.A3FWlCAt- 13.9 16.:53 66 16 :: 16.4: :v6Z .A9 r7Sy13:.67 *IAEl. UhD, A . 166<4. 60 11 1.7. 13213~~IA .3 16:.7 4. 15A4: 16.1 Angol 31.0 35.1 33.0 329 23L9 23.5 .. . - - 31.3 Deoni 3.6 13.6- ISA 15.3 15.5 11.3 13.0 132 12.0 11.9 11A 3L5 12.0 1310 Batzwuna 19.3 26.1 24.2 2L. 25.7 13.6 16.4 19.1 21.2 2335 24.6 19.3 24.3 21.4 BmddnaFas 12.3 17.4 15.5 15* 1639 16.5 17.1 17.7 16* 16.9 17.1 14.4 15.3 1639 Burnmdi 9.1 739 738 93 9.6 10.7 10.2 10.4 10.3 9.9 10.4 11.6 3.6 10.2 CaMeroa 3.7 9.4 9.0 3. 11.2 In2 13.0 12.9 13.1 132 13.6 10.1 8_9 122 Cape Vrde 3.2 9.3 t 25.7 23.0 19.7 17.0 203. 20.5 21.1 11.6A U 21.0 Cezial AtieafqRnplic 15.1 142 13.3 7.3 LI 7.7 9.8 9.9 99 99 9.3 14.6 15.2 9.0 chw ~~~~- 14.2 16.7 1938 22.5 13. 21.4 209 19.7 143 16.6 24.6 113 192 Coanne 309 23.3 2.7.5 27.6 27.3 27.1 27A 25.7 24.3 22.0 21.2 - 29.3 25.4 CAMPo 17A6 14.3 16.5 25.0 20.6 21.0 19.5 192 23.2 24.0 22.3 19.7 15.2 219 Cfte ujlvire 16.9 15.3 139 152 16.4 17.2 17.4 13.1 173 17.3 20.4 16.3 16.3 17.15 Dj-iboui 36.3 33.5 33. 35.0 29t6 31.0 31.3 31.6 3U. 37.7 - 37.4 343 EqutmialOzGaea - 27.7 313 29.3 30.1 33.5 39.6 39.3 352 41.4 23.3 - 3537 Ethiopa 15.2 IRA 19.5 193 19.6 24.0 24.5 2635 215 14.3 16.7 1437 17.0 20.9 Cabom 132 13.3 13.6 25.3 23.7 19.3 17.3 16.9 17.6 19.5 19.3 13.3 16.2 1939 Gainbia.jIbe 20.1 132 13.0 252 30.1 20.6 20.4 139 M83 I9S ISA 19.1 21.3 Ghana 1132 7.3 9.4 11.1 10.0 10.0 92 10.9 11I4 13.3 1137 11-9 3.2 1039 Guinea - - . 9.0 U 79 7.5 73S 11.0 99 - - 3.3 GuinesD sn29.0 24.7 242 13.7 12.0 16.9 14.7 2.9 4.0 3.3 3.6 2139 26.9 935 Kenya 19.3 17.4 17.5 13.3 11.6 ILL 17.9 13.7 17.0 16.2 13.1 13.3 13.3 17.2 LuOhO& 35.3 29.6 33.0 33.3 29.3 27.7 23.1 20.5 27.9 2939 30A4 19.0 32.6 27.3 Lteuia 16.3 17.1 21.0 17.1 - - - - . - -13.0 Itt1 Mabagsea 12.1 9.6 939 7.6 3.3 71.0 6.9 62 6.3 75 6.6 11.4 1035 71 Malnwi 19.3 15.7 17.7 1937 19.1 162 16.3 15.2 13.9 13.6 169 15.5 17.4 17.0 MaE 10.4 10.3 12.4 12.0 13.3 12.9 13.4 13.5 143 13.7 12.1 9.5 10.7 13.3 NMnitada 25.3 172 16.2 11.3 11.1 10.9 10.0 11.0 10.9 10.S 10.3 30.4 19.5 10.3 Idanitios 14.1 11.1 102 9.3 935 11.3 12.1 11.1 10.9 11.1 10DS 12.7 12.7 1039 Mnaa*bqu 21.0 26.0 21.0 21.9 23.3 23.6 19.7 202 13.4 19.1 16.3. 239 20.4 Nanlha 16.3 30.4 27.9 2339 32.3 29.4 27.3 233 239 30.1 - .. 26.1 29.4 Niger 10.3 10.2 15.0 1535 15.4 153 13.0 15.0 14.6 17.1 16.6 12 11.6 16.0 Nlgeda 11.9 17.6 13.5 159 12. 12.5 91 11.4 12.6 6. - 13.6 15.0 1135 Rtwada 12.5 10.2 11.3 11.9 13.0 14.1 132 15.4 2137 26.4 - 15.9 13.1 163 SioTm.imdznadh pe 23.6 37.3 37.4 29.4 32.4 27.4 23.6 2939 49.3 46* 42.2 7.4 3435 35.1 Senegal 22.0 13.5 16.3 ISA 15.6 14.7 15.6 14.6 132 13.0 12 16.9- 19.0 14.3 Seychell 23.7 30.7 34.6 33.3 34.4 31.3 32.9 27.6 292 32.2 47.7 24.3 32.2 34.3 SimamLn 3SA 69 7.2 6.7 6.1 4.8 735 6.6 ISA4 92 112 9.9 7.3 7.1 somalia 15.6 17.0 - .. . - . . -22.0 17.6 SoulhAfuica 13.5 16.7 17.3 13.1 13.6 173 13.8 195 20.3 21.3 21.1 14.4 15.4 19.5 Sam - ~~16.0 9.7 9.6 14.3 13.4 12.3 135 1Il0 3.9 .. - 12A411.9 12.3 Swazilaud 1It1 21.3 22.3 19.4 14.3 14.1 1338 16.1 172 22.i 25.3 19.4 21.1 17.9 bajaod 13.0 15.6 15.4 14.3 11.2 10.3 IIA1 10.4 10.2 10.5 - 16.5 13. 11.3 TOP 22.4 1637 13.1 12.1 14.2 133 14.0 152 149 1st- 165 21.2 17.9 14.4 lIpids - 14.4 11.9 B.7 7.3 3.1 7.6 U 10.7 1 13 10.0 .. 11.9 9.1 Zaire 3.4 6.6 7.7 3.0 9.9 127 89 .- - -9.9 3. 9.9 Zambia 25.5 25.1 239 26.9 222 15.3 13.7 19.0 16.3 15.0 ti1 25.2 25.3 17.2 Tumb.hwe 19.7 21.3 21.5 22.1 2316 2337 24.6 22. 20.3 20.1 IU 16.6 19.6 22.7 W& IT-Af li-EXIII ,"I1d I'N7 7.- u;4t.7 1f- isb isi iii It, i.. i tio -.24. 14.4 l1.1 Algula 13.1 15.0 15.7 173. 1L35 IL? 16.9 16.6 1535 17.0 13.5 33. 14.6 17.5 Euyp. AzbtRep1b1i 15.7 Ito 172 16.5 14.0 133 1235 1137 10.4 133 149 21.4 1735 13.4 Libya 21.B - . .. - - - - - - - 26.1 30.0 - MuOMaO 13.3 15.6 15.3 15A 15.7 15.4 15.7 15.4 152 16.4 165 20.3 17.3 15.7 Tunisia ____ 14.5 16.5 16.5 17.3 16.3 16.0 16.6 16.4 17.1 16.4 16.6 15.5 1539 1616 'ALL!1KA .7 . :135 .16.8L 15.5 : 16.9 159 167 11 1A 16.7 17:: -170 :13 15. 6 NatonlAccowws 25 2-8. Gross domestic investment Percentage ofGDP Ame,la, 1981 I98 1985 190S 1957 1908 1989 in) 19Y1 1992 i993 757- 80-S JUR S'JH-,%ABItAN AHUCAQ 233 16A 1439 17.6 13.5. 13.3 1163 17.7 165S 16.0 15.7 -24.6 - 20.1: 17A cddqingShAricn 212 13.0 1U.3 171 Iso 17A4. 16 17.0 17.1 1619 2 3.7 :.17.5 171 S.AfiicakNiria 19S 15 . 15.3 17J 190. 1S3 173 175 173 16.5 16. . 20.5. 13.1 . 17:S Anga - .. 171 II 13.4 143 12.2 11.7 _ - - Bein 152 129 B1 135 129 12.3 11.3 142 143 13. 15.2 171 162 13.6 Badswa 37.7 26.3 3D.4 162 245 73 30.3 34.1 35.3 35. 313 36.4 34.B 273 BdinaFaWD 173 1S.9 242 245 19.1 21.6 212 19.1 22.7 21A 2LI 225 1.7 21.5 BU_iue 1339 I.4 13.9 11.7 22.6 1S.0 165 159 161 11.6 2.3 11.4 16.7 15.0 Camernan 1339 201 249 30.3 343 211 16.5 14. 12.6 11.1 10 20.7 223 19.1 CapeVerde 51.6 54. 542 41.3 3S.7 34J 30.2 31. 309 36.6 - 433 54.6 35.7 CCnmu21iAflicmnRRqpic 7.0 123 145 122 125 10.6 162 102 11.3 113 36 11.7 102 11.7 Chad .. 5.4 32 9.1 102 739 9.0 9,4 LI 15 9.4 2133 5. 9D0 Comoms 332 45.0 32S 236 252 21D 17.4 2032 145 202 15.4 - 333 193B Congp 35.3 30.4 30.3 295 19.7 1.6 13.7 16.4 193 16.8 142 30A 40.5 186 CcdlIwir 263 112 12.6 11.1 122 14A S.4 9.3 10.0 10.9 93 26.1 196 10.7 Diboo _ 230 23.4 159 13S3 133 16C 21.0 163 15.7 12.3 - 25.7 16.4 Eque4alOGnea - - 6.2 13.3 20.6 1.7 204 26.6 43.3 242 25.1 139 - 24.0 ERhiop, 10.0 t2.3 143 14.3 15.3 151S 13A 12,3 10.4 3.7 16h 9.0 11.7 13.3 CAbem 275 33.0 33.3 455 255 375 3L4 24.4 2.6 214 21.6 524 342 29.4 GambiaThe 262 192 125 19.6 155 17.6 20.4 19. 19.7 19.6 - 194 20] 1 9 Ghaa 5.6 69 9.6 9.7 134 142 153 14.4 1539 126 143 B99 S.6 13.8 Guhi - - - 14.1 15C 159 15.6 17.6 159 169 16.4 - - 16.0 nhm-Bis 29.6 30.0 320 243 342 342 37.1 24.5 n7.0 263 24.0 19.0 20 291O Kenya 29.2 2D.7 26.0 213 24.3 25.0 24.7 243 21.3 17.5 161 22. 244 219 1Cslo 424 41.7 49.4 46.1 45A 493 63.3 73.7 699 69.6 75.7 21.1 433 61.7 lihCl 27.3 102 3.7 9.7 - .. - - - - - 31.6 143 - m _adawa 15.0 36 S5 9.0 10.1 133 134 17.0 32 11.3 11.7 10.0 10.1 11.3 Malawi 24.7 12.9 13.6 12.3 15.4 13.7 202 19.1 20.0 13. 129 30.7 19.7 -172 Mali 17.0 152 17.4 20.7 22.3 21.0 213 22.4 23 -219 219 16.1 16.5 21.3 himaflsia 362 25J 239 30.6 292 2B.0 13 5 20. 179 225 243 345 32.8 239 NAitis 20.7 22.1 24.1 223 253 30.6 30.9 304 27.7 2135 29A 30D 213 2!&1 Manbiquc 225 139 9.1 1I3 262 34.8 34 .1 39.0 33A 41S 172 33.9 Namibia 32.4 16.7 135 12.3 15.1 19.3 17.1 20.7 103 I0 - _ 22.1 15.2 Nigcr 36.6 32 153 13.3 105 19.3 123 S.1 9.2 54 5.7 19A 17.7 IOS rrWgia 22.2 95 9.0 151 13.7 1335 14.1 14.6 16.3 132 _ 263 165 15.1 Rwma 16.1 15.3 173 159 15.6 15.0 13.9 13.6 14.3 15.6 . 14.3 156 143B S1oTamu6mdPriocipc 342 473B 37.0 145 172 2. 27.6 24.3 83. 57. 72.2 25.2 409 40.6 Sena 15.3 11.7 9.8 11.0 12.4 127 11.3 123 13.3 13A4 14 16.7 12.0 12.7 Seybdies 33.3 213 227 22K 193. 25.5 27.1 24.3 193 115 23.0 3.3 23.1 22.6 SieamLn 16.2 12.7 10.0 112 10.4 79 133 14.0 119 11.7 92 130 14.3 112 Somia 42.4 242 29.8 25.2 333 23.9 303 153 - - *- 25.1 293 25.6 SoothAfica 30.3 24.9 20.3 19.0 19.4 21.5 212 19.1 16.1 15] 15. 27.9 26C 11.3 Sudas 15.1 133 4.5 13.0 15.4 14.9 14.1 13AC 12.7 - _ 17.1 14A 14.0 Swailand 30.3 334 26.2 20.0 13.9 213 22.5 20.1 20.1 25.3 202 31.6 30.6 20.5 Tanizia 2320 15.3 15.7 1935 30.4 30.6 34A 46. 31.5 41.9 _ 243 189 346 Toga 30.1 21.2 24.1 273 222 24.6 25.0 25.4 22 21.9 11.7 37.7 257 22.7 Uguda hl 7.3 C5 32 10.9 10.3 10.5 14.1 16.0 14.4 14.5 - 7.0 12.4 imc 0OD 1035 125 13.2 14.2 14.4 145 - - . 15.7 102 14.1 Zambia 23.3 143 14.9 23.8 13.9 11.4 10.3 173 14.7 14.1 10.7 27.0 17.1 14.6 Zimbabwe IRS 13.9 19.8 18.6 172 21.7 19.3 20.4 25.0 24.3 225 17.6 19.6 212 ?jOrR3HRI '.' =2Ll t 302 239 292 :25.0. -25-] 262: : -26.D:: .245 z - :242 ::; 2435. 32.9-,,-30j ;256 Algmia 39.1 35.1 33.2 33.5 30.0 272 29.0 21.1 29.0 232 27.6 45.9 365 29.1 Egypt,ArabfRtqlic 27s 27.5 26.7 23.7 I.O 24.2 23.3 219 20A IZ 19.6 31.1 283 212 lyax 22.1 - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26.2 26.5 - MOrOD 242 253 27.1 22.L 21] 21.0 23.7 25.1 22.3 23.0 24.6 275 25.8 23.0 Trnisi 29.4 32.0 26.6 23.5 20.6 19.4 223 253 23.5 262 25.1 293 302 232 , ZR.? ,.x>-.2Q.S-:E> 21.0 ---:,$ J91k~ 2142120fi S :&19A 157 'h.7 73.1 n 26 NadaonalAccowis 2-9. Gross public investment Percentge of GDP Amzwz avege 1910 1914 18 198 198 191 198 199 199 92 193 7S9 -586M SUE -.- -. ~-.... ....*---... - 'S--'-. --t - - ~~~~~~~~M7 Naffona!Accowm 27 2-10. Gross private investment Perentage ofGDP Anlmerage 19l8 1984 1985 196 1987 188 199 10 1991 199Z 195" 7S-79 MM 5644 SUBHUIAKNu.AFRUA - - . . _ _ - . _ .1.: .2 - 1.6 1.5- 12.4 1. E- . _ - _- - . _ - - 1. -asd.agsm*hAfiins :- -' - '--'~' ~ ~' - '' ': - -'- - - - . : :in& tAAim&NIguft -- - - -: -- - 10.7 §-io 10.9 It0 10.1 91-- . --. ..---- 10.3 Amplei Ai £1- : .. _ . : _ - - - _ -0 . . i O . -T oxgg....: :.1 Dabin _ - 43 539 7 57 71 ILI 3.1 39 as - _ 75 DRnl m2D0 - - - - - - - - - 123 203 - BDUsaFi - 49 137 115 112 96 ill 112 11.6 145 152 - 7.7 12. mondi 1.1 2.7 2.4 2.6 4.4 I1 13 2.7 29 23 2.7 05 2D 2.7 Caoa 14D - - _ 17.5 143 11.4 9.0 4 32 7 15.4 173 ILI Cq,eVade - _ _ 12.7 73 111 12.9 133 10.4 11.6 - . - IL4 Caal Afiicu Rqm_c _ - 2.4 13 1.3 2.1 1.7 ;LI 4J 1.4 - 2.3 Cad - - - - - - - -- - - Cam 5.3 6.1 5.3 5.1 53 59 6.4 69 7.4 7.6 91 S 63 COW - - _ _ _ _ 11.3 _ 17.7 173 13.7 - 15.1 CBtcdJirc 13D 4.6 55 5.1 45 S5 4.5 3-9 35 7.6 7.6 14.1 33 52 Effioq - 2.7 22 - - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25 - Gob= 21.4 232 30.8 327 23.4 36. 30.0 2L7 219 173 176 23.6 255 25.0 GambiaMie 93 3.0 41 126 33 123 153 145 13.5 129 6.7 123 cam, - - - - - - - - - - 'uia _ - B9 S99 9 39 83 &C 9.0 9.1 _ _ 3.3 Kevp 12.6 155 10.7 11.5 12.5 113 112 ILO 10.7 9.6 9.1 - 11.4 1.9 -Lso_D_ - - - - - _ _ _ 7.1 _ 'M- : - 2--._ _ X 6 3.6 3.1 6.4 3.7 6.9 4.6 33 3J - - 45 Malai 4.7 3.3 5.1 2.0 5 7.2 36 8.4 37 6.7 32 .9.1 439 67 Mali - _ _ _ - 10.4 II 12.1 10.3 122 12.6 - - 11.7 ldmuihnia - - 1IS5 2Z.4 199 212 13.0 133l 12. I3.0 14 17.4 Maxizis 149 14.S 15.I 1.0 17.1 245 225 27.0 24A 235 277 13.4 13.7 222 Moa-liqc 92 1333 9.1 112 37 12.6 13.0 139 16.4 16.4 21.4 - 35.3 142 Namilbia 11.1 5.6 4.2 52 62 7.6 10.0 11.0 53 55 - - 7.1 72 N%cr - - - - - - - - - - - - - Rwuda _ _ _ - _ _ _ Sa9yl 9.3 83 7.6 1.0 32 8B 9.0 83 9.2 93 939 - aS 39 Syhllks - 2.9 15.4 14.4 - - - - - - - 3.7 - Siemna 35 10. 62 C9 43 S.6 10.0 9.7 5S9 6.7 4 6.9 I 6.3 Solh Afia 135 14.6 13.1 11.6 11B 13.3 13. 13.4 1ZA4 1A 13.8 14.7 125 Sadm 45 11.6 .4 3.3 43 33 83 8.3 83 _7 _. 33 Swaz&ad 133 133 33 72 10.1 165 16.0 13.7 11.4 25 10.0 - 126 122 Tnozim 39 33 34 10. 142 17.1 15.3 27. 20.7 24.6 - 10.1 6 19.3 Togo 3.0 9.3 11.6 11 9.6 132 13.9 11.6 10.1 14.0 142 - 9.4 13 UgaRd - 1.9 3.7 S.1 7.1 73 73 3.9 92 73 36 - 21 7.6 Zaire 3.7 6.7 73 Ls 9.0 7.9 - - -. - 6.1 .6 Zambia - - - _ _ _ _ _ mbbwe 10.6 3.7 6.4 36 14A 13.3 13.9 16.0 206 199 17.9 95 156 NtItiN AiIILA .. 1!.1 12.I 14.9 1i. Ill1Y :2.4 12' IJ.1 12.5 IIi ,. ;7; I K --A 1 ' -'''- '''- ' *22.7 162 613 20 -173 -13.0 15.4 16.4 19.6 --194 172 31.7 - i3.4 173 Eg)ypflAaRqhic - 5.7 5.8 6.0 S9 8.6 10.4 3 8.5 7.9 11f - 6.3 5 labya . 13 _ _ _ _ - - - - - - 4_ T131sia 133 13.6 123 105 93 937 10.7 10.7 1lS 11.3 11A 11.7 139 10.7 AEL-Ai -:- - -. --- - :12 12.0 -- - W.S.-1 121 1 cIZO- - . . - - - - 28 NaionalAccowna 2-11. Gross domestic savings Perentage JfGDP Ama average in Irn in im iN 1985 s ImO mI M iN3 zs-0 8-5 Ufl SUBN-SMIARAFRICA 26.7 1612. 17A L7I 192 I-n 13.7- 19.-- .16.6 -14 14 -22L6 1HS. 17$ acIuihmSaiAEica- 22.3 -2.9 13S... .135 14.7: 1 . 3. 164C 13.7 12.14 - 20 - 143" 14 end. SLAfi& iiia 1:33 14.1 147 14.1. : 13 12.4--: :2116 9J 9 - 16. 123-122 Angea _ - 220 15.3 25D 2L6 229 26.3 _ - - - _ 22.3 Beni -5.1 5.4 OS 29 3.6 L7 3.6 55 5.4 39 32 01 -0.6 3.7 Baowna 273 29.7 329 401 39.1 429 443 37?4 365 36 35D 17-4 259 39.3 Bufrl6iiso -92 -4.4 -20 1.0 -0.4 29 32 33 42 29 22 -23 -66 2.4 Bumndi -03 63 4.7 4.4 66 17 33 -2.3 -.7 -29 -1I3 5.3 32 -12 Cam 153 32.7 353 315 293 1l6 143 109 12.1 95 91 16.4 26.4 172 CapeVertc -24.0 -5.6 -SS -7T7 -2D0 -Vi -2. -2.7 -29 -3.0 - -311 -3 -32 Cant Aricia Rqeblic -9.6 -0.3 -03 -1.7 -24 -15 6.1 .63 0.5 33 L5 -05 -3.3 -L0 Ca - -3.1 -9A -22 -19. -135 -16. -12.2 -17.0 -13.6 -99 3.8 -9.0 -153 Ca. -101 -1.6 -03 -15 -2.0 -2.0 -7. -5.5 -3.7 0.6 0.4 - -S5 -2.6 Cop 357 464 31.1 15.6 22.3 13 27.4 27.0 142 11. 7.6 11.5 39.1 18.2 C8tcd7voinc 20.4 223 2SS 233 16.1 16.1 12.6 14.6 u3s 16.4 16.3 27.7 212 16. _jhocfi - -33 -39 -33 .S0 -S9 -135 -5 -63 -10.7 -1421 _ -3.6 -79 Equaaru Guine - - -32 46 -169 -229 -Il -109 -14.5 2.8 75 7.6 - 4.4 Effiopia 49 2.4 2. 45 S SD 53 5.7 00 -05 1.6 544 31 3.4 Gaci 60.6 5139 5S 2t2 264 323 383 412 41.5 35.4 349 599 55.6 343 Gambk7le 03 4.9 5.1 t6 6.7 1031 79 8.3 39 25 - 32 4.3 69 Gca 49 6.6- 7.6 to 72 83 79 53 73 1A -12 8.6 5.0 5.7 Guinea - - - 17.7 143 13 16.4 169 13.6 102 9.6 - _ 133 GucaBisn 4.0 -83 -11.0 -13 0.8 -112 -19.4 -69 -6.O -2 -25 -64 -55 45 Knya I3.I 19.4 t4,9 219 192 19.7 173 191 2t0 176 21t 19.6 20D1 195 t -593 -93.7 -77.5 -735 -70.0 -67 -46.4 -30.8 -543 -443 421 -64 -78.6 -53.6 liberi 273 14.4 143 l8A - - - - - - - 299 162 - Madasr -1.4 3.7 1.3 62 49 72 9.4 63 0.2 35 19 33 07 5.0 Malwi 10.3 14.3 129 10.1 13.0 92 45 9A 79 is 5. 17.6 13.4 7.6 Mali -13 -3.4 -111 -1.1 6.0 25 SD 537 6A 4.3 5.7 0W -3.6 4.4 Mai_a 69 -19 BB 73 11.3 162 126 S.6 IO. 93 13U 2.3 2.9 10.I Minua 105 IS.7 222 28&6 27.4 25.4 233 23.0 23B 250 242 213 16.4 25.1 Moznube 05 1.l -41 4D -13.1 -1731 -162 -113 -92 -13A -1.0 _ -4 -1.0 Nmnbia 42.9 49 25.6 222 4.4 16.2 122 6.6 2.0 15 - - 155 93 NWlr 22.6 -1.6 6.1 7.3 8.0 17 91 4.0 75 Ls 1.3 10 8.5 73 NBCd 32.3 IIA 1!6 11.7 17.6 145 22.5 295 2.7 22.7 - 25.7 16.7 202 Rwauk 42 83 82 33 63 4.6 45 4L 2.1 -1.1 - 8.3 53 4.1 SMDo Tm and Prindpe -149 -12.1 -I.I -6 -145 -23 -40D -29.0 43.4 -24.0 -1.0 02 -1S6 -135 Sega -0.4 22 -1.4 S.6 5.1 6.4 6.4 8.1 79 72 7.4 82 -1A 6B seydmels nJ271 25.0 273 293 310 319 29.8 37.7 1.7 142 33 32.0 1918 252 SiwaILeo -0.3 103 93 10. 11.3 32 5.7 4.7 11.6 105 5.1 4.1 52 89 Soml -12.9 -2Z3 163 2.3 a8 65 -639 -1 - - - -4.6 -123 -03 ScadoAfiica 391 269 293 223 275- 27.0 26.6 25A4 213 19.0 19.4 31.7 303 243 Sud 3.4 62 -3.8 8.4 12.3 7.3 6.7 6.6 -2 - - 8.6 2.2 65 Swaziand C5 103 4.7 169 179 17.3 139 13.6 10.5 109 1.6 24.3 7.6 13.5 Tacit 9.3 72 71 5.5 115 -41 2.7 115 4.4 4.6 - 15.1 104 5.0 Togo 24.3 19.1 IS.4 16.1 12.8 15.7 16.1 13.6 148 12.0 43 25.7 202 13.1 Uganda -0A L4 41 2.0 03 09 15 1D 03 -0.1 15 - 2.5 0.3 Zaire . 10.11044 14.4 139 122 123 11.5 _ -_ - 12.4 95 12.4 Zambia 193 165 15.4 22.6 I. 13.7 3.3 171 179 10. 95 24.7 135 149 Zimbabwe 15. 195 21.0 229 213 27.0 23. 20.6 21.0 13.4 21.3 193 16.7 213 NtlR.iAll iFRL& 31. 25.4 25.5 22.K 22.0 .0.9 2U.1 13.1 213 1V2 1.0 . 2r.:. 27.2 /U 5 Alga 43J 37.4 30.4 2944 313 27D0 29.3 26b 34.7 29.0 2 37X 39.4 295 FWpt ASbIRCmbUic 15.2 143 145 131 6.6 i2 5.7 4.8 7.0 6.7 6. 15.6 15.1 7.4 Libya 56.9 _ - - - - - - - - - 46.1 469 - Morocco. 13.7 143 IB.1 16.5 16.7 2035 132 191 17.1 165 1.8 12.0 14.5 17.9 24.0 203 -2114 162 19.6 19.3 19.0 19.1 193 20.7 201 22.4 21.8 19.3 -WAfl ~:t -~ :-: 26>27.;6:AZ-:95. -20 39.. .202 9! .92: -19.6: IB - -;-2 16,::.-162- :----23. 2. It PladonAccows 29 2-12. Gross national savings Pq(eeage fGDP Anuaerage 19M 19M IgS in 987 1U wi' 1m 199 1992 - 1913 7s.79 Il-u 8Na SUItSAHARANAFRICA 223 133 134- I 13.1 14.A 13.3 -14. 145. 123 11.1 11A 192 .151 13.0 excliftSon lhAica l-.Y 9.6 102 93.. 9.t U . IOi- 10:. : . 7.6 _ .17? 112 9.1 encL.S.AfiLi&Ngcda -9.3 10.7 113: -11.0- 10.3 4? LI . '.A.. 62 .S132 : 9.3 .6 Agota - - 199 13 22.0 143 143 1l3 _ _ _ _ - 165 Beisn 0.0 6C9 1 42 5.0 33 55 3U 3BA S.7 S3 2.1 57 Bowe 20D3 16 201 291 273 23.4 32.6 29.7 305 - 93 195 2D7 BEIafUso 1B 4.6 102 142 S.0 9 9 92 9.5 92 82 6 6 4.1 97 Ruondi - 09 53 39 33 4.7 05 25 -32 -15 -3D _ 3.7 2.7 7 05 Cauu 6B 261 292 253 249 132 101 43 43 1.9 0.7 7 19.1 10B CapeVerde 16.4 11.1 112 93 153 16.7 1.0 16.7 169 179 - -139 13.6 15. Cm"nl Ahicaqanbic -125 -4.4 4.4 -59 -7.6 49 1. -11.9 -49 -2.0 - -3.7 -7.0 -55 Cad - -249 -32.7 IA -16.3 -373 -23-7 -175 -2.5 -151 10 -21A4 -1.7 Cmass -9.6 -.56 -23 -39 -2.0 -1.1 *4.7 -2.9 - 239 - -7.1 -2.0 CG4nP 22.3 3S2 137 152 93 2.4 12.4 123 O.C 0.0 - 2!4 20 75 Ci4e dluke 8 5 9.1 129 6.7 32 2.4 -2 -53 -51 -2.7 -42 I? .4 -1.1 Djbmui - -29 -41 -3.0 03 -39 -3.9 -4.9 -5 -12.6 - - -35 -5.1 lquatialGuinca _ -7.5 V7 -226 -303 -282 -232 -317 -0 0.6 79 - -195 ESlupia 7.0 76 1.4 13A IO6 93 ILI 10.2 6.4 13.3 - 7.1 7.0 10.6 Gabon: 47.1 43.0 42.3 16.3 139 21.1 27.7 27.3 2 20.1 - 491 446 22.2 GambIahre -25 -2.1 -4.1 -1.0 1.7 6.0 0. 92 6B S.D - IA -ID 4.1 11a 45 55 65 6.3 S. 9.1 95 72 93 39 12 3.1 43 7.0 Goins - - 10.0 43 53 I3Q3 93 7.7 7.6 - - 73 Guinea,Bias - -II J -14.4 -8 -0.7 -125 -15J -16J -135 -2J.2 - -9.6 -12.1 -123 Kenya ISA4 169 22.6 192 163 165 14.4 153 1IL1 1335 - 15.3 17.7 16.0 Lenaho 125 14.4 16.6 19.6 2332 152 26.0 42.4 142 155 20. 115 ISt 22.1 belai 25.1 3.7 8S 9A - - - - _ - - - 29.0 102 - Madagascar -3.1 -13 -24 2.1 -06 1.4 35 2.7 -3.6 1j - 1.7 -2.6 1.1 Mahawi 33 112 92 63 9A 63 05 6.4 42 -1.9 3.0 16.1 85 42 Mali -0.4 -33 -9.7 03 63 33 602 70 83 7.3 - 2. -31 53 M4uriwna -2.3 -10.6 -19 -3.9 1.0 6.4 39 -1.7 3.1 6 - 45 -6.0 2.1 MaFts lC10.6 162 20. 273 27A 263 255 25.3 269 23 269 222 145 26.3 Mozniique 1 -105 -0 109 -25.6 -119 -21.4 -13.7 -10.4 -135 -19 - -59 -13.9 Nambia 30.2 2'2 255 23.7 16.4 16 18.4 6.0 2.6 03 - - 22 iZ Niger I8 -72 -{D 2.8 33 145 55 .03 42 -1.1 - 49 2.3 4.1 Nienia 27.0 83 37 4A 7.3 53 141 203 15.6 142 - 239 133 11.6 Rvranda 41 36 31 3.7 09 -3.0 6 1.1 2.9 19 - 36 SA 2.1 SboTamdandMNipc -7.5 53 -236 -14.9 .2 -7.7 43.6 402 -265 -352 -14.3 23 -13.1 -25.4 Sagl -4.4 -3O2 -6 03 .0.1 IA 2.7 4.5 5.0 4.6 4S3 5.7 42 31 Sydeiks 225 19.6 239 23.4 24.5 241 232 313 13 1235 - 252 152 21.9 SiceraLec -3.0 9.4 6.3 95 37 71 4.1 -1.1 -19 -3.1 - 22 3.0 33 Somalia -1.0 -22.6 12.1 -3.1 2.3 1.1 -143 -219 - - _ -29 -12 -7.1 Sou SAfiai 34.7 2.6 242 23.0 23.1 231 223 21.1 132 162 166 27.0 25.7 2D5 Sudn 5.0 52 -2.1 4 122 5.7 4.0 42 -42 - - 10.1 33 5D0 Swariland -1.1 136 16.0 202 16.7 21.3 ILI 145 125 115 1.0 2.0A 115 13.6 Tannia 10.0 I 1 919 S.S 15.5 -35 1.9 97 11.1 143 - IS.4 11.0 3 TOap 21A 13.4 10.1 13.0 95 12.6 13.3 12.3 13.3 I13. - 241 152 12.3 Ugaa -0.8 36 53 3.1 0.4 13 2.0 13 1.4 33 - - -9.6 1.9 zaire 6.1 4.1 5.7 52 2.9 53 4.4 - - - - 10.7 43 4.6 Zambia 7.1 5.1 3.7 2.3 1.6 69 -72 U 5a - - 13.4 3. 31 Zimbabwa 122 15.7 172 1M7 16.7 23.0 192 1" 16.6 9.2 17C 15.7 1 172 NUIKIIA:*RICA *%i1 : .% * 'l.l 2C.. ISA. IRI I%ii 21.7 21l 22.9 mn II /it' -M- ma - ' 4 C-. 343 27.4 3.7o 243 263 2K7 31J 273 - 27.1 Eg,AbAbRepbic 20.6 17.0 125 87 1.4 3.7 23 I 11. 21.3 13.7 18 17.0 3.7 Libya 56.7 - - - - - - - - - 431 4S3 - Mamco 159 -16.5 19.7 20.6 21.0 213 19.1 23,1 20.4 20.5 232 155 163 212 Tunisia 245 2D9 '193 15.5 19.6 203 19. 19.9 19.0 203 - 22.1 222 191 ALLArRICA : -_.6 -:17.0 17.0 '::152 : 1 : 6 SA : 15k .1 I S: 153 : 52: 1.2 : 21.1 .i: 155 30 NadnAocow 2-13. Resource balance- Pca=ftc ofGDP Jnmmav&W-g JsaD I§S 19llS IgD6 Jse7 1 8 IsO9 ling Issw 1"2 1".1 M;s9 8&V B& SvUMaiWNz ACK- 2:9 rA *24: *00 a.7 -ei oA 23 -Li -13 -1 4. 1I r, aeg9S:A!iEes : 1.1 ~~~~4M- 05 -3d -313 -33 -23 -1i5 43 .3 _ -- A -1; aL S.Ati=&N - -E -ILT - -3 7o -.9 1 -4.9 5J. -4. ,,4 -65 4s -s.,: -F' Apa 42i4 6J7 7.1 10- S I.I _ _ _ _ _ 7.4 B=k 43 -7,4 4U -105 9. 413 -Il -2 -V -9P0 -9.9 -12A -17D0 -16B -9.9 Botlw -IQOJ 3.4 25 2tk5 14|6 35.6 13 3.3 -12 3D0 -3.3 -VDA V9 I15 EkFrF 21i2 ;ZQ4 -Wt2 -. -195 -Ilas -I&D -ISJ9 -ISS -llL6 -19S9 2tA. -;25S3 -19i Born& -145 -M1 -91 -73 -16D0 -13.4 -131 -19J7 -18A 21.5 20.3 *6.1 -135S -162 coem -31 119 IO 0Q7 -4b6 -32 -W9 -3.7 -C -15 41D 4.4 3.6 -10 CacmVet 7-7S6 W4 4DSI -56D 407 -359 322 33.7 -33J -39.6 _ -745 477 -3L9 CckAfi=RqdAc -16b -12.6 -14J7 -13-9 -14V -Mz -10.1 46Ih -113 3L5 -72 - -135 41. Cud -1669 -ZA -WA -312 -DA -M -D -5 -25.1 -ZU -1.4 -179 -14D0 -24.4 co_ 432 465 -,3.1 Ml 4273 -23 -24.4 -B.6 -12 -19.6 -lS.I - -3L7 -22A Cp -OJ 16 0 QZ -133 3. 0.2 W3 10.7 -5 A -SD -6b -1 -.4 -0.4 ctalec -6 ILI 3.1 119 3.9 L7 41 SA 35 5 69 l b16 IS .4 Dflmli _ -3t3 -273 -192 -[9.1 -19B --V3 495 -23. -163 d69 - 4S3 -.3 EqlziGai _ _ -9.4 219 -76 -41.6 -32 -37.5 -5759 -A -176 _ 6 -33.4 IMq -S2 40Q4 -It2 -99 -103 401 -75 -6.6 -10.3 -92 -14A -3A -9.9 G_b - 33.1 119 137 -17.4 0W -52 62 1639 14.9 14D 13.3 75 21.3 SS Gnhbin -2Se5 -14.3 -7.4 -11.0 -S -7.4 -125 0-19 -15.I 417.1 _ -162 -152 -IL.9 G_st O J . - 3 4-19 -1.7 -59 -7. O -SD -LIII.S -169 -03 -0.6 4Lt gai _ _ _ 3J7 -09 4S6 09 4V -23 -C7 -69 _ - 211 cEmBm-. -31f ]3 -43.1 -W" -33A4 45.4 -S6i5 -31.4 -33i.0 4L4 -6 -2SA -335 -375 Ka -111 -14 -1.1 02 iS.t -53 -7-4 -si -13 0.1 5D -32 -43 -2-4 IDO -tC21 -135 -12779 -119.6 415.4 -116D -1102 -1045 -1242 -114.4 -117. S -95 -12t9 -1153 19ba6 09o ILI S7 U 43 _I _ 1 A _ _aqw -16.4 -49 -7.3 iLS -S2 4J *49 -10.7 -7.3 -71t -9J1 -C7 -9A ki7 MW&i -149 2.0 -5J -2.1 -247 - -9.5 -tSJ7 -9.7 -122 -17.1 -7.S -13.1 .62 -9.6 M*E 4ll3 484j D 52a50 - 5S51E~~~~~W .69 n.0iff A;- .19 -iZ. h 'W. - . - .i- - j E7 41>l . BS - 41^ - - d6 - .*Q: ^479 SW6 56718 SW .-OO;- 9 = 2 _ { t~~~~~~~31S : 29 ,4"- - 91IS -36;M 39,4S7 &IJ29 44.M::S6. -.46;Y 45- . --3t.9.- A _pl _ I_ 1p9 fi62 1.939 2AJ4 2,I 2.455 _ _ _ _ _ 12 Tch 608 377 444 S2 603 657 42S 563 62J 719 730 66 -6.7 -3.4 BEfwaa 613 7T3 6UO S93 73 1049 1.49 = U 4 I^ lisn _ _ -4J BuTaFms S70 397 499 S95 660 a3s SZI7 77 346 IW 896 6A OD 3.4 B_Eod 2'14 232 230 2618 291 2n1 256 314 333 333 2m IIA 35 32 Cuow 2IJ41,0 Ifi9fL 1.9 Z474 Z6S 2,424 2-7 2499 Z= 2.2 > 95 4.7 4J7 Cape Vm* 1W0 93 9S llS 121 l18 129 152 152 191 _ 17-1 7.5 -3:2 IcbaAWR Ncc 341 230 281 323 352 329 330 427 329 211 27B 7.1 -tD0 -S.6 Cha 298 221 324 378t 4241 446 450 495 56C S1S 392 -OW 6.S 4QI Comm 64 60 S7 67 23 97 7n 91 87 94 91 _ 43 .25 cmp 1fi Q2 pA 1,210 992 JS7 It9 1129 lpBI 1.73 I.2C I.20 -S2 139 -5.3 GiClcdlue 4.190 2= 2 " Z Ab 526 2,98 2,83 .747 Z901 2,800 Z8037 2.9 14A -SD 43 D1ba _ 265 245 235 251 269 360 4U 421 451 457 _ I4 Bp_o1 Gtio _ 52 3Z 57 90 104 77 92 118 92 90 Efih 712 1IJIC 1,lt 1.192 1;X7 1,25 I.2D 1.069 1.26 I,074 1.113_ _ _ G*a 1.X4 1.432 1,58O 1,976 1,370 ,5 1.605 = ,l21 1.743 1,.111 1.744 -1.1 9.8 40 Go1b1 = 168 103 IOS 126 139 165 203 242 261 285S _ 15-4 -11.5 99 G* 407 340 523 1P12 1.26 1,26 1.= 1.495 I,65 INIIS 2,168 -SS -IOJS 22B8 Ga_ _ _ S6D 6S1 741 724 SIA 816 B77 874 _ 4.1 Coeais 46 n2 33 42 75 92 1lZ 99 III 12S 92 *6.8 7.6 IL Kenya xl I.711 1,617 1,157 2,108 2.315 2,540 2,0 Z3M Z43 2M8 214 lLS 7D 45D 459 345 366 4S7 611S 632 58715 x 91 1.1 17 12.4 2.5 3.7 Llbel 614 426 405 369 _ I.3IZ ,20 531 S41 490 S59 S47 5S3 B 42 f81 733 810 3.4 -11.6 OD0 MaLi 4SD 30 33B 297 3i7S 449 S49 6;1 779 742 496 2.1 -2.8 3J7 Mal 5 70 430 S#99 625 639 61t6 668 B35 822 S9 852 &I 8. OD Muniati 473 532 552 637 606 693 S57 619 S91 62D S49 L4 63 -t4 Motm 69S 541 S9C 7E8 lrt-6 1.4117 I56 1.915 1.81S ZD17 2,231 S.6 ALS 11.1 M oz_iq a" 583 481 S94 711 8t3 S7S 94 IJOOI 970 t~ -X3 4L0 6.4 1bw 1.456 ID7 699 B93 1,2U 1,245 1,34 1.54M 1,574 1,65 _ _ -5.4 1-9 ,-%er 976 372 4U4 45t 520 499 474 m 434 417 379 4.2 -0.8 -70 NiRcna 17,64 10.749 I11.70 8,536 6,68 7,05 7338 B,S1 10,089 10,YS1 _ 19.1 AGO -2S9 Rwm 307 312 341 392 413 452 413 364 337 358 _ 6&9 7.9 0W SUAT01anEdPkcip 41 34 29 n7 27 29 42 41 64 45 42 1119 -1-5 3D Senel 1,327 11DB IXD5 1,29 1,445 1,4S9 1,486 1.72 IASI 1,796 45i36 11.6 1.5 1-9 Sqvdells 117 95 19S 116 125 164 193 206 2D8 286 341 _ _ 13.S Sicn 45S 135 129 182 66 17 21l 215 194 ISD 194 -0.S -21J7 1.1 Sood 34 481 169 27 315 230 490 346 _ _ _ 35.6 -9.8 10.3 Sott Afic 211,87 17,612 12,1iO 14.109 17.11 20,68 2%MS 2D,1|9 21.267 22,R> 22,734 -U 4L9 35 Sa 1,S77 1,1 996 S5C 71S 1,349 1,560 1,291 1.513 _ 6,3 912 -4.B Sw5 1m 543 3B6 2S1 32 452 SSS 60B m2 778 973 891 1Q.2 3.0 7.8 Tami 1,353 IIS6 1.021 1,W2 I.M 1,f41 1.442 1.440 1.59 I,596 _ _ _ _ TOp 640 393 435 591 634 725 661 738 64s 606 31tS 293 -3.6 -3.9 19, 324 348 296 681 828 398 462 m3 6D0 649 768 _ _ 3.4 2*em Z353 Z052 1.844 1.945 ^999 2,540 2,605 2.447 _ _ _ 2.6 13.6 3.3 Zma 1.764 9D4 861 760 ml 976 1,35 1,211 IOS50 1,llt 1,318 -12-7 -V -3.1 ZibDwsc 1.783 1,33D 1.249 1.321 1.458 1,570 1,766 2Z1Q 2.315 2,439 1,973 -1,3 3J7 4.7 Algeria -12,S7 IZ75 Il.tl IOPB4 S,24 U5S 1O.D3S 15.472 10789 II.ASS iOgSS 67 5J -72 EMM Apt,b R bli 9.82 10,974 llllS5 9.1S3 10,357 12,311 13.173 145S41 14,364 13,632 14,515 S.9 llt -15 wbmme 5.247 4.39D 4.341 4,69 5,06 55S76 6.287 7,85 7,69 8,287 7,24 9.0 -IJ 6.4 TSIRk 3XS7 3.659 3.2D7 3,364 3.473 4,26 4,815 S.9 S6 5,65 41S 6,f4;. 12.0 IS 55 AW JN M , ..v -,--N. a - 6%91-= 74v---|2S5e9 NationalAccowus 33 2-16. GDP growth Penentammal change Annual aveag .~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ . ........ IQO19U 911 J9ns 1n jvs 1m9 ma in, mu 199 93 75-79 54 -A -S -.B-SAHARANAFRIA 33 .L. 13- 23-. 1.6 -4.0- 32 L.. -.9 --411 0N3 :---WLI.L. :a,1t1 afr. -2 4.4 3.6- IS. --3 i'5 >3W 32 oit>~Cx.t @~. .-03 A4 r.o.W ,c6d; . .. .... 'mci.- LAhim&)Ilgmia. 13 - 0. 26 .Ir ....WLB... 2 30 3 f. .: 0. 36 2.0 . AgdIa _- - _ 32 7.0 5.6 0.4 -0.4 4 2.7 -26 - . 0.5 lain 6.4 J3 7.6 2.1 -1.7 33 -2.4 3.4 41 42 33 20 42 2.1 Bbwma 143 112 7.4 7.6 SB 15.7 12W 59 8M9 2.7 3n 10.6 109 8S BhuinFaso -0.3 -L7 8.4 5.9 1.0 Ss 3.1 -02 63 0.6 0.4 S 37 2.9 BUudi 1.0 03 1[7 3.1 1.7 43 1.6 3.6 5.2 2.7 -12 41 4.0 35 CaQmw 15.6 53 7.7 8. -2.6 -9.0 09 -63 -70 -52 -4S .9.2 &0 -42 Cape Verde 37.7 3,9 79 25 6.0 6.4 6.4 13 2.5 3.4 40 4.5 10.0 42 CefflAften= Relbikc 46 9.4 39 12 -2.8 2.5 2.7 03 -1.6 -23 -2.5 22 12 0.0 Chad -6.1 31 20.7 -4.7 -23 162 52 0-7 63 03 -29 -1.4 6.6 3.4 CaUs=M - 4.1 23 19 1.7 2.7 -.6 03 2.1 1.6 12 - 4.6 12 renga 18.S 7.0 -12 -69 02 13 2.7 039 15 32 -2.1 2.0 125 0.9 Ciedvaire -12.0 -2.7 45 3A4 -1.6 -20 -0 -2.1 -04 0.0 -1.1 92 -1.4 -L Dj1bati 4.0 0.0 -0.4 -7.0 -0.6 O -2.6 -0 13 2.4 -23 - 40.0.7 Equalp Guica - - - _ 6.4 3.0 -13 3.3 -L 13.7 73 _ _ 3.6 Elbibiia 4.4 -2.1 -6.7 65 9.4 2.0 1.6 -1.6 -O6 -75 7.7 2 1.1 13 Gabo 2.6 73 -25 -0.9 -17.1 13.5 6.6 3.6 6.6 -24 2.5 42 2.1 22 Gamhia Mhe -9.9 3.4 4.1 22 12 6.1 5.6 0.7 55 1.4 1.5 3.6 3.1 33 Gua 0.6 88 51 5.1 4.6 S5 49 3.1 52 3.6 438 -54 9 4. Ganins - . - - 2.7 6D0 32 43 2.5 32 4.5 - - 3.7 [3nins41hus4 -18.9 5.8 4.4 -1.0 5.4 6.7 5.1 30 2za 2.8 29 3.0 2.6 31 Koaryaf 54 1.7 4.3 7.1 539 62 4.7 42 1. 40.7 1.0 5.7 239 3.7 Lesctho -3.0 9.1 3.6 0.4 5.7 139 12.1 4.1 2.0 2. 62 10.1 0.7 6.4 Liberia -4-5 -2.1 -0.3 -13 -1.0 - - - - - - 33 -19 -13 Madaps_ 03. LJ 12 ZO 12 3.4 4.1 32 -67 1.1 is 03 -1.5 12 ALawi 0.5 5.6 4.6 -0.6 1.7 29 52 4.6 6.4 -.0 88 6.2 L.9 23 Mali -1.3 21 2.2 139 14 -22 12.3 037 -1 3.1 73 7.6 00 34 Murlazia 4.0 -5A 2.9 57 22 139 42 -2 2. 1.8 S. 1D 1.0 22 Muins -104 4 .8 73 10.1 99 65 43 7.3 4.0 6.1 5.6 69 2.6 6.4 M.2fnbiquze - -5.0 -0.6 -23 13.2 9.6 65 1.0 4.9 -43 19.1 - -li6 53 Na.aibia - 03 13 2.7 2.5 6.6 0.4 7.7 3.0 7.0 03 - 1.1 4.1 Niger 43 -173S 3.4 6.8 -2.7 5D -3.5 52 25 -65 1.4 5.1 -21 03 Nigeuia 39 -43 93 1t 42 93 6.7 5.6 5.1 4.1 29 2.7 -2.7 5.0 Rw:hda 102 -4.6 3D0 52 4.4 -0.6 1.6 0.6 -22 2.5 32 6.8 3.7 0.7 SloTanmddPneipe 1338 -3 S.4 I -15 2.0 15 .7 16.7 -43 15 S9 -19 1.2 Sonup! -2.0 -42 40 4J6 4.0 5.1 -0. 4.5 12 13 -2.0 2.4 2.6 2.4 Scycdks -42 8.0 10.3 0.7 4.5 42 13.4 7.6 -23 ZO 39 9.1 -0.2 4.6 SaraLeant 32 4.6 -5.6 -19 5.4 2.1 2.7 4.9 26 -45 0 -0.1 A4 2.0 Somalia 42 3A 81 3.5 l -0.7 -0.1 -.6 .. - - 11.1 .0 12 SouthMica 6.5 5.1 -12 O 2.0 43 23 -0.5 -4.4 -1 1.1 2.0 L.9 09 Suda kI -5.0 -63 39 2.2 -43 7A -1.5 03 113 - 7.6 1.9 1.9 Swaz2ilnd 2.3 59 33 15.0 152 65 5.0 5.1 2.0 -1.9 3.0 3.0 3_7 5.6 Tzania 2.7 4.7 12 5.5 4.8 7.3 83 7.1 1.6 3.7 - 22 0e 59 TOgP - 14.7 6.0 6.1 1.6 0.5 6.3 4.0 02 -09 -9.4 42.7 32 0.6 -0-4 Us-& - *4.3 0.7 03 62 7.8 7.1 4.1 3.6 3.0 6.4 - - 5.1 Zaie 2.4 5.5 0.5 4.7 2.7 0.6 -2.0 -2.3 -72 40.6 - -32 1.9 -1.9 Zambia 3.D -04 1.6 0.0 3.1 5.6 -0.9 05 -0.6 -2.7 63 -05 t4 1.1 Zimbabwc 101 -22 6.5 05 -0.9 7.7 4.5 13 49 -7.9 2.0 -2.1 4.7 20 fljfjff - > 3.6 2.7 -:.: '-I: :-3 6. :t- 0 .h.>. 1.. &6.. .L-' t--.:L-: .0.6-...... f: - - - 3'7 f :f- . 6 :, ff ?l; Agda 0.9 59 5X -05 .0.1 -1.5 5A -1.0 05 2.1 -22 72 4S 0.6 EppeArabRqzWlic 103 6.1 6.6 2.6 23 3.9 3.0 2.5 23 03 05 112 7.6 2.4 Libya 0.6 -7.9 -.8 -.7 -32 0.7 0.6 - .. - - 11.0 -6. -2A Momcco 9.1 42 63 7.8 -23 102 2.3 3.3 51 -3.6 02 6.0 3.7 32 Tunis 7.3 J7 5.6 -1.4 6.6 02 3.7 75 33 &.0 2.7 6.3 4.3 42 A A S-.- -33 LI 2. 4f - 12=::. --1.0 f10 33D L:--3 .3-. - 03f' 203- II -.0: S- IJ 34 NationalAccowus 2-17. GNP per capita USidolars Atlas method Animal average 19803 19 95 W196 M*7 ism t99 1990 1991 192 1993 75-79 LOJI 8644 SUB-SAHAJA AICA-. MM SO4-,: 5-- --,- 467 -42- 491 -A35 -5It 516-- - -=; A' 33 -- 4 asdaEsgSouAAfriea 584 461 437 365 332 ~~~~~344 '333" 353. 341 31 30 . 40'500*M 3 cuLaia 4 320 0 3 34 35 -3-46- " :- : 37 34i: - 333 304 . . 3 f4- '3.33`44 Angoa - - - - 920 930 940 970 - - 940 Beni 410 290 230 290 320 310 360 360 330 410 420 26D 352 365 Bd5wM 940 1.040 1,000 1.070 1,190 1.520 I,90O 2260 253 2,450 ZS90 20 1,075 19 Bllxhinlal Rso 22o 160 160 IO 220 270 z70 270 290 310 300 146 192 26 Baomdi 220 220 240 250 260 250 230 220 220 210 130 140 233 221 Caneoa S10 79 S00 920 1,030 1.060 1,030 910 340 130 770 450 842 924 CapevaVs 430 330 330 370 460 600 660 690 740 140 70 254 373 654 Ca*dAfiicaRqxbic 340 270 260 300 340 410 410 410 410 410 390 234 302 315 Chad 170 120 140 160 190 190 IO 210 220 200 162 142 136 Cams 370 290 230 320 400 490 430 480 490 S30 520 216 333 464 COU 890 1,090 1,010 960 1,430 1,030 L0 1.010 1.050 1.110 920 544 1,090 1.014 Ctedlvir 1300 640 630 690 830 910 320 740 630 630 630 790 903 741 Djlbmsli - - .. - - - - - - - - - EqusialG c - _ _ _ 320 310 300 290 340 360 - - 320 iqsa. 120 120 110 1l1 120 120 120 120 120 110 100 94 i1s 1s GAm 4,120 3,500 3.290 3,30 1 2,960 3,S70 3,730 3,30 4, 4,20 4,050 3,4 3,343 3,735 GSDmhIISS,Te 370 230 230 220 270 300 320 330 330 370 360 272 303 313 Qua 430 350 360 400 420 440 400 400 420 4a0 430 332 377 421 Goince. - - - - - 430 420 440 4a0 490 s51 - _ 4SS Qie issaa 140 1SO 13O 160 1I0 130 190 19o 2Io 22 220 17S 175 194 Kemaw 450 310 300 330 370 410 400 330 350 330 270 296 372 355 LesIto 450 450 330 340 380 460 550 600 570 610 660 310 467 521 LIberia 620 440 460 460 490 - - - - - - 520 S20 475 Madsc - 460 320 300 290 230 260 230 240 210 230 240 313 375 243 Malawi 190 170 160 160 160 170 1n 200 230 230 220 143 177 194 Mai 250 150 150 19D 220 230 270 200 250 310 300 170 193 253 .Maaita 470 400 390 410 450 Sno 520 500 510 540 S10 364 440 494 ?Aauridns 1,260 1,020 1060 1,2s0 1,610 2,000 2,130 2.310 2,470 2,100 2,90 93 1,145 2.194 M--a.*c . t20 140 170 140 110 So sO so 70 E0 135 101 Namaihi - 1,240 1,040 990 1300 330 1,420 1,SOO 1,520 L670 1,660 _ 127 1,399 Vie 430 230 220 250 230 330 320 320 310 290 270 2B0 333 296 I*'g*a ,I1O 360 950 730 460 390 340 350 350 330 310 751 1,021 401 -Itu-da 250 250 z70 300 330 330 340 330 290 250 200 156 260 303 SIOTOmealpdnacipe 520 330 320 390 470 530 470 420 400 370 330 414 375 423 Senepl 540 360 370 440 560 710 690 710 710 70 730 414 447 666 Sqeyces 2,140 2230 2,470 2,750 3,330 4,060 4,740 5,170 5,0S3 5.750 6,370 1.114 2,285 4,656 Sienrragme 340 350 330 -330 250 250 220 240 190 160 140 236 357 223 Somalia 110 120 120 130 130 130 130 120 - - _ 134 113 123 South Arica 1,340 2,200 1,910 1.730 1,960 2,360 2,470 2,450 2,550 2,328 2,0 1514 2,351 2,413 Suhan 450 330 310 360 400 420 450 400 350 300 - 353 397 383 Swazlbad 830 920 790 750 930 1,050 906 1,050 1,070 1.030 1,050 633 912 9ss Tanzaia 29s 290 290 250 190 150 120 110 100 110 - 212 30D 147 ToP 440 250 240 270 320 410 420 420 410 400 330 314 32D 373 Upacia . 170 170 200 240 240 210 ISO 170 170 19 153 200 Zaie 630 310 240 240 240 250 240 - - - - 484 435 243 Zambia 650 450 330 260 230 320 440 470 410 370 370 542 557 365 Zimbabwe 760 700 620 530 590 690 690 700 670 530 540 578 777 630 NOlt 1,412 1,265. t2. 33 1,-3t. 1-2501,225 19.f::-t1 3 =-206 366 --I13303 1,2 Algera 2,080 2 ,33 2490 2,60 2,870 2,100 2,600 2,330 1,990 1,350 1,65- 1,274 2,307 2,346 Egy Arab Rpublc 540 600 640 630 740 720 670 620 610 650 660 400 535 669 Libya 10,460 6,930 6.520 5.860 6.110 5.10 5,540 _ - - - 7.028 3.440 5,30 Morocco S99 630 SS9 660 730 910 940 990 1.040 1,050 1,030 640 773 919 Tunisia 1,360 1150 t,130 1,120 1.260 1,350 1,340 1,450 1,510 1,760 1,730 908 1.252 1,446 'f ::A -;,--1(-.s :5 -. s *673s 628 63 632 22 664 -62 - 's63Z 615. 5sr. . t liadonalAccowus 35 2-18. Total consumption per capita CurrentUSdollaa Anmwd uvera is ]n . imU 19M3 iw Ia in im n99 Imn rns 75-79 seussa SUB-SAARA0kFRICA- 56'-50M 5 -.405 - M a 4 . - . -.. S.-1 440 -451,. 45, 42 .... :....4 - 6:;c39its jw -s32 300s - --.7 33g -:: -31 a.LSAESm&lllwia . . r n 2 50.. r 312- 32 32 w :M--1 321 293-5::: ::270:9 35 :1.:315- A.pa - - 671 665 660 724 as 821I - - - -. 735 EDam- 425 254 257 311 350 359 315 368 363 413 40 262 325 361 Bob=ma. 778 324 710 673 815 1(016 1,240 I.53 1,77 1,66 1,36 459 811 1,334 Bdmhfa Fm 233 153 161 212 245 255 240 277 234 299 20 15n 1in 261 BnsuE . 224 200 231 235 210 205 202 214 210 194 194 137 223 21 Cumuuaz 726 5S4 524 720 am4 36 309 854 863 772 713 406 629 301 CapeVede 458 344 349 471 544 605 me4 757 804 900 - 311 377 673 Cc=n1Afik=Rqo.ii 378 249 268 373 386 393 371 461 411 407 374 246 293 397 asd . 136 [73 179 136 219 211 240 260 249 215 15 143 220 Canoes- 403 287 291 402 471 480 464 541 510 509 M2 - 332 487 Congo 653 62 769 780 3my 343 73 914 965 995 37 495 692 877 C8tadiviRe 939 536 522 698 812 776 709 705 662 657 533 621 - 700 DjIbcsi .. 939 914 929 390 942 967 911 331 936 924 - 926 922 :BsmhlGin - - ~~~~ ~~~~~220 212 360 393 303 351 350 353 324 3 - 340 ¶zliqia ~~~~ ~~104 112 107 113 114 114 114 III 125 12 16 aI 109 111 Gabax 2.t14 1,79 1,766 2,434 2,33 2406 2,342 2,323 2,717 3,051 2.87 1,516 1'6 2,62 Gawbia,lIa 366 212 270 '234 274 290 301 327 323 355 - 270l 236 300 Gamma ~~~~ ~~~393 339 330 403 348 341 335 395 421 428 379 396 351 331 Quinn ~~ ~~ ~~~- - - 326 344 397 406 427 457 427 446 - - 404 Goisa4a.issu 138 172 M5 141 173 133 292 254 247 263 233 175 113 212 Keys 359 259 230 273 302 311 304 396 263 265 172 245. 237 274 TLund. 438 393 284 302 385 445 420 447 547 53 563 278 413 463 Mebai 432 437 427 394 - - - - - - - 359 451 - Malagascar ~~~~471 292 213 297 230 267 200 247 221 234 258 311 367 237 Mualai 180 143 137 143 134 152 135 198 230 201 207 12 158 181 Mali 252 152 133 225 237 242 237 276 256 296 272 170 189 255 &Iazkaadia 426 438 360 418 441 430 448 489 502 519 393 363 437 455 Mawidnas 1,049 334 821 1.011 1,27 1.469 1,52 1,334 1,910 2.61 2,29 756 918 IAN6 MominSque ~~~~~167 15 193 204 104 94 101 103 97 33 96 - 163 Ill Namibia 1,105 1,187 772 392 1,25 1,231 1,24 1,331 1,499 1,6 - - 1,248 1,315 Ilir 356 234 206 259 294 257 265 311 272 282 257 255 236 275 Nrigcria 336 911 850 429 253 301 259 260D 267 232 - 594 SS3 236 Rwanda 216 250 264 290 319 337 330 316 22 214 151i 246 290 SlToTanE ana Prid 527 362 402 661 593 455 576 516 503 442 353 344 419 522 S-Oxea 547 369 410 541 646 669 603 703 631 743 656 336 442 656 Sqdeyeic 1,702 1.752 1,369 Z417 2,597 2P34 3,213 3.420 4,444 5,275 5,789 901 1,903 3,73 SlcuraLean 340 271 324 344 123 266 222 189 157 143 156 230 344 20! somaJia 119 149 109 131 129 13 154 132 - - - 123 134 136 SouthAfrica 1I57 1.621 1,162 1,294 1,65 1.753 1.762 2,007 2,34 2,337 2,216 1,06 1,634 1,902 Sudsm 401 399 318 355 384 381 415 335 290 - - 327 330 360 Swzlmid 964 693 522 547 679 772 736 947 947 934 99? 497 790 Mi Tennmia 256 263 303 212 139 151 116 94 121 101 - 132 277 133 TODD 327 197 212 283 334 344 324 339 365 352 302 223 244 337 Uganda 99 176 171 230 301 166 190 171 156 137 220 - 143 209 Zaire 479 230 194 213 199 223 214 - - - - 440 351 212 Z.nbia 555 351 235 137 240 a0 so~ 347 347 343 338 402 473 339 ZImbabwe 643 510 429 446 476 504 so5 555 513 475 412 456 634 486 Y('tI1ZAIk1CA U~~~: .,'I w ~ :i i'n 13 . v... -Ii i*ci %; ru Algeria 1,29 1.564 1.637 1,973 1,896 1,34 IM 1.91 ,755 1303 1,195 1,26 C21 1,454 1,54 EmqltArabRzpnldic 476 531 637 648 679 563 623 643 5MP 607 655 329 534 624 lUbya 5S"4 - .. - - - - - .. - 3.736 5,053 - Meneco 333 507 478 625 663 736 762 336 897 905 8333 565 620 733 Tmdsia ~~1.041 904 907 992 1,016 1,046 1,042 1,25 1,294 1.495 I,33 709 952 1,191 ALL-AFRUCOA ..: *.. :633 .::9, ::..5. 533 .. 537... M..--: 4 . :570. ;55. 10..f5i~ :. 3so3.: -4 36 Fiure2-1. Grmdomasteptod.1993(ormtrtinvdlaMeyw) GD evd GDP per capia mmS liileos) (USS Thusmds) ED UN b 2I 3 e 2 1 4 __-_ -S 3- T A__b__ __ Mmom _ __ _ m a_ - - - - -_ - Tmie *., cdm Gu,. r~u - -l - U 1l = krbon X === M_ _ _ jig__ _ gp V=uds ____ _ Q*m _ _ =t_= - S.mmu&IkE4Plu _______ _ __ 37 Figure 2-2. GDP and exprrtgrow tes, average 196 to most recetavalable year -2 -15 -10 -5 0 5 10 15 20 Bcawnbm LmzndB - __ _ Ghuw Cape Vero Gub . _ s _ iham _ _l Eqm,GB a: _ cuma Egypt. . = p KN- SmoTolnT _ ERMAI--i1- II-I- Togo _ _ _ |_| _ _ CuM 1- -1__ _ _ _ _! Uby. _____ **-*--**9 1 1 K- I , 1 1 ; X S :Cms~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~1 r0l ~~~~**''IIIU1I11IIIIII 1111111 111 IU li LsLP x n 11 I T I ~~~~~~~~~~L I I I I wm1 |nr t I m8f : I]t S 11111 1 III1 1'1 11 111H 1'1- JI'1f 11-1 11 11 11 111 1 1 11 P1 : 1 IIX ~~~~V 11 Tf0 n II I I I I mI - I I I I I I W11111IIT II 6 tr r mnllli inI ii ii iiliiimlllylllullllllllLll I I I1011.1 tf1111 1 W--1 1 1'11 1 - -- 1 I L1 Nado l Accounts 39 Technical Notes Tables (World BankX BESD). It compris the gross output of forestry, hunting, and fishing less the Table 2-1. Gross domestic product, reaL valueoftheirintermediateinplts. However, for Gross domestic product (GDP) measures the Botswana, Cameroon, Cbad, Congo, Gabon, total output of goods and serices for final use Guinea, M, Mall, Morocco, Niger, produced by residents and noesidents, re- Rwanda, SenegaL Togo, Zai*e, and Zambia it gardless of the allocation to domestic and for- is shown at market prices, that is, including eign claims (World Bank, BESD). It is intermediate inputs. calculated without malkng deductions for de- preciation of 'tmanmade" assets or depletion Table 2-3. Value added in industry. Value. and degradation of naural resources. In this addedinindustryis shownatfactorcost (World table, GDP figues are shown at market prices Bank, BESD). It comprses the gross output of (also kvawn as purchaser values) andhavebeen mrining, manuing, constrction, electric- converted to US dollars using constant (1987) ity, water, and gas, less the value of thir inter- exchange rates. For a few countries wbere ffie mediate inputs. However, for Botswana, official exchange rate does not reflect effec- Cameroon, Chad, Congo, Gabon, Guinea, tively the rate applied to actual foreign ex- Madagascr, Mai, Morocco, Niger, Rwanda, change transactions, an alterative currency Senegal, Togo, Zaire, and Zambia it is shown conversion factor has been used (Table 3-6. at market prc, that is, including intrmediate The sum of the components of GDP by industi inputs. origin (presented in this volume in the form of value added) will not normally equal total GDP Table 2-4. Value added in services. Also for several reasons. Frst, components of GDP by shmown at factor cost, this table consists of the expenditure are individually rescaled and gross output of all other branches of economic summed to provide a partally rebased series for activity, including govenment, less the value of total GDP. Second, total GDP is shown at pur- their intermediate inps (Wodd Bank, BESD). chaser value, while value added components are However, for Botswana, Cameroon, Chad, conventionally reported at producer prices. As Congo, Gabon, Guinea, Madagacar, Mali, Mo- explained above, the former excludes net indi- rocco, Niger, Rwanda, Senegal, Togo, Zaire, and recttaxes,whilethelatterincludesindirecttaxes. Zmbia it is shown at markt prices, that is, Third, certain items, such as imputed bank including inermediate inputs. Other items, such charges, are added in total GDP. as imputed bank service charges (which are dif- ficult to assess in the same fashion for all coun- Table 2-2. Value added in agriculture. Value tries) and any corrections for statistical added in agriculture is shown at factor cost discepancies, are not included. 40 NaronalArcows Table2-5.Grossdomesticprodnct,nominaL ing total consumption Cfable 26) from gross Tbis table, presented at market prices, is oh- domestic product in cunent pices C(able 2-5). tained by converting national currency GDP series in cent prces (World Bank, BESD) to Table 2-12. Gross national savigs. Gross US dola at official annual exchange rates national savings (GNS) is the sum of gross Ctable34; see also the noteforTable2-l). GDP domestic savings (Table 2-11), net factor in- growth rates are presented in real terms. come from abroad (WorddBauk, BESu) and net private transers from abroad (Table 5-5). The Table 2-6. Total consumption Total con- estiat herealsoincludesnetpublictransfers sumption is the sum of prvate consumption from abroad (Table 5-6). (World Bank, BESD) and genera government consumption (fable 2-7). Private con on, Table 2-13. Resource balance. The table mdi- not separately shown here, is the value of all cates the difference betwen exports f.o.b (Ta- goods and services purchased or received as ble 2-14) and imports citf (fable 2-15) of income in ind by households and nonprofit goods and nonfactor services (or the difference instutions. It excludes purchases of dwelligs, between gross domestic savings and gross do- but mcludes iputed rent for owner- occupied mestic investment). The resource balance is dwellings. Iprctice, itincludes any statistical shown as a share of GDP inUS dollars at cucrent discrepancy in the use of resources. prices (fable 2-5). Table 2-7. General government conshmp- Tables 2-14 and 2-15. Exports and imports ion. This indicator includes all cunent expen- of goods and nomfctor services. Data for diture for purchases of goods and services by exports andimportsofgoodsandnonfactrserv- all levels of govemment, including capital ex- ices are from the World Bank, BESD, and refer penditure on national defense and security to all goods and nonfactor services (GNFS) pro- (WoiidBank, BESD). Other capital expenditure vided to, or by, the rest of the world, including by government is included in investmen merchandise, freight, insurance, traveL and other nonfactor serices. The value of factor Tables 2-8, 2-9, and 2-10. Gross domestic services. such as iDvestnent income, interest, investmentp publicandprivate. Gross domes- and labor income, is not included These series tic ivestment (GDI) consists of gross domestic are generally estimated on the basis of foregn fixed capital fornation plus net cbanges in the trade stistics from customs dedarations. They level of inventories (World Bank, BESD). GDI are not fully comparable with the series from comprises outlays by the private sector (Table the balance of payments, which are based on 2-9) and the public sector (Table 2-10). Exam- changes in ownership between residents of a ples include rments of land, dwellings, country and the rest of the world. Exports, as machinery, and other equipment For some well as imports of GNFS, are shown in crent countries the sum of gross private investment US dollars; however, the growth rates thown and gross public investment does not add up to are based on 1987 constant price series. gross domestic investment due to statistical discrepancies. Table 2-16. GDP growth. This table (World Bank, BBSD) provides average annual growth Table 2-11. Gross domestic savings. Gross rates calculated from GDP at constant 1987 domestic savings (GDS) is calculatedby deduct- prices (fable 2-1). NationalAccounts 41 Table 217. GNr per capit. Figures pre- Figres sented here (World Bank, BESD) are calcu- lated using the World Bank Atlas method, as The following indicators have been used to described in the technical notes for Table derive the figures in this chapter. 1-1; they are similar in concept to GNP per capita in current prices, except that the use of Figure 24. Gross domestic product (Table three-year averages of exchange rates 2-5); GDP per capita C(ables 1-2 and 2-5). smoothes out sharp fluctuations from year to year. Figure 2-2. GDP growth (Table 2-1); export growth (Table 2-14). Table 2-it Total co ption per capita This table is obtained by dividing total con- Figure 2-3. Value added m agriculture (Table sumption at current US dollars (Table 2-6) 2-2); value addedinindustry (Table2-3); value by the corresponding midyear populaton added in services (Table 2-4); gross domestic (Table 1-2)} product (Table 2-1). Methodology used for regional aons ad period averag in dapter 2 Aggre-gatom_ Period averag Table (3) (4) (5) (1) (2) (3) 2.1 K 2.2 xx 2.3 xx 2.4 x x .25 xx 2.6 x x 27 x x u x S 2.9 x . 2.10 x x 2.11 x x 2.12 x x 2.13 x x 2.14 x x 2.15 x x 2.16 x x 2.17 x 2.18 x x Nowe Eqiendaggl a md in de anfarSfb5abaA aNo hiAfd adAlLAIkn Period r we sbown in de las duce columms. This tbl Aows oiy dic .rmdolokgics usd in disidiqar a. Regionat agpepdoa (1) samie taLn (2) simplc tota of fait m&mw divided by simple total of sewe izdcatu (mamewuntycovem*(3)sq*toWiofpiwflflendle(4)snlktofgarflednhindcanfivkldbyim$pe tota of pap-Slcd secoanduy inlioatr, (5) simple mimu of fintgq.pihe main indite kmS skmple COWa of seond mIpded main indcator. all divided by smple tel of secndary iniao(6) ucighed tota (by PPopla6on) (7) mediua (8) no b. Periodarnrages() aridumede-n(ufsigsme seies ashoDwn in die tbl,it-raio if zest of dtileshonanti leveifrmtoffllesbownaslevel,go wtnaifimsof abe mshons grwilhnt); (2) leat-sqoaxesgrowibrtze (usiummin baimiatr);C(3)least-quatspgrwthrate (usimain micainaomtemis,,widxdrmstaftho tle inaureterms). Prices and Exchange Rates Information on prices and exchange, raes are tie i nal value of domestic currencies important in monitoring national economic becauseitisbasedonfivenajorcncies.For peformance. Three sets of price deflators Sub-Saharan Africa, it may be mor repre- and six exch rate indicators are provided sentive of movements in non-dual exchange in fhis chapter. The GDP deflator for naional rs than that expessed m US dollar lone cuency series shows changes in domestic because a large sbare of the region's foreign pnces only. The US dollar series GDP defla- tradeandrdebtisnot denomindin US dollars. tor includes the effects of both domestic price A decrase in the index shows that the currency changes, as reflected in the national currency has deprecated, which indicates that foreign series GDP implicit deflator, and changes in goods have become relatively more expensive the exchange rate between national curren- than domestic goods. We have included infor- cies and US dollars. The consumer pnce in- mationon theparalelmarketexchangerateand dex measures the change in prices of a the ratio of theparallel to the offlcialcxchange selected bundle of consumer goods, which rates to provide a measure of the premium on differs among countnies. the official rate. It is tempting to view the The US dollar exchange rate (uits of na- divegence between the of ficial and paralel tional currency per US dollar) is reported be- rates as a measure of the disequibrium in the cause of extensive use of US dollars to official exchange rate. However, this is not denominat intnanal transacdons; US dol- necessarily true. Conversion factors are some- lars are also widelyusedforstatiscalcompan- times used in place of offcial exchange rates sons across counties. The SDR exchange rate when the latter are considered to be especilly index (based on SDRs per unit of national cur- unrepresentative of rates effectively appled to rency) is a broader measure of the changes in inratonal transactions 43 44 Prices aond Exhange Raes 3-1. GDP deflator (local currency series) Index 1987=1W Annua average I9be 1*s4 1955 196 19r 9 /9S8 1989 1999 1991 1992 1993 75479 84O 86-A SUB-SAHARAN.ARICA, 543 72.0 -84 933. 100.0- 1 2.7 . 131i.' 143A'35343 ,161 . : ' -692 126- exClmkg SashkAfiica 552 79.0 25.0 93$5-- 10. 103 A1123 . 1301 39. --. 1 14- 42 eci. S.Ahica &Nigeda. 6. 1 79.8. 853 93.7 10o0. 30--6 1126 Ut? 135l* .6 -. .1 .4.S -47(7.-122- Angola - - 102.2 92.9 ID0 102.3 11I.5 131.5 - _ _ 02 109.1 Etint 795 1055 1003 968 100.0 99.3 100.7 102.1 1033 106.3 110.1 57 95.8 102.4 Bawanm 521 622 762 93J 100.0 116.7 149.0 157T6 165.1 1795 199.6 34.7 50 1452 BEmciaFaso 685 93.6 98.1 99.7 I.A 1035 104A 106.0 1103 1091 112.0 522 85. 105.7 Bunmdi 832 102l2 1$O3 10327 100.0 1037 it?7 126.7 1309 1372 14.6 52.7 90. 1207 Cama 61.1 965 105.1 105.6 100.0 962 94.8 101.1 1Q2.7 1012 968 4S.8 26 99. Cape Verde 49.4 76.9 20.1 93.3 100.0 107.1 116.1 1252 1352 142.6 1549 39.6 659 121; Ccl Afiicm ReprLic 58.7 90.7 99.0 1061 100.0 102.0 114A 106.6 1099 110.1 111.8 402 1.1 1072 CbSd 29.1 12BA 12 1072.S 100.0 102.7 107D0 109.0 1131 1063 I7W5 693 107.7 10.9 Conwms 56.6 843 902 96.9 100.0 101.9 106.3 110DA 1113 110.3 1112 - 74.1 106.1 CCn0g 70.7 128D 1312 92.9 100.0 93.1 105.0 1065 1039 95.0 904 562 1113 9S.I C8e dlvirc 71.1 923 1024 102.4 10. 100.4 982 9L0 913 913 9046 47.0 85.5 95.7 DjIOud 85.4 801 233 965 100.0 105I1. 2 IA I27 1151 1203 1239 733 23.4 1102 Eqatoia Guinea - - _ 1012 100.0 1023 97J7 952 925 98.3 97.1 - - 98B E pia 86.5 95.4 101.1 104.6 100.0 1020 10521 107.0 1182 1302 153.6 75.6 92.6 115.1 Gabon 795 1222 132.4 97.4 100.0 9B5 109.1 1162 1123 1121 113.4 47.1 1IO. 1075 ambiaT108vflbre6Eym. Non Gmpdaar.ula of hdw fidal mnuyvMsr~ w Prices and Ehage Rates 45 3-2. GDP deflator (US dollar series) 1dc 1987=100 Annu awerage i98 i9s INS 98 19r n J98 1989 iSO 1991 1IM 1993 7579 ass aSU ce--'ngto--':im 15.i52 13S 123.1 IOTA J0O.0 fv-;f103.4}. 15 1.7.o---ll. 1045 Il :-3s'.. z .f2L 10325 aceS. &Ahica&Nlguia -1122 SLID 7. 97&. 1004).. -02. 1010 10.. 15 0. 8 993.12 Angoa - _ 1022 929 ICO 102.3 1125 1313 - - - 109.1 Bea' 113.1 72.6 671 84.0 100 IO2 94.8 112.7 110o 1212 1169 78] Kg 105.0 Bdswaa 119.4 99* O 162 893 100.0 125.9 136.3 143.6 1585 1S154 1612 7.1 104.9 134.6 BU aFaso 97.5 64A 65.6 865 1000 104.4 9L4 1170 1175 1243 112.9 69.3 76.7 1084 BSuma 1142 106I. 10.7 1122 100.0 91.3 92.5 9L4 89.1 31.4 73.6 74.4 111.4 91A Caucu 93.1 75.1 71.1 8T.1 100.0 105.1 95.3 1072 1213 115. 116.3 67.7 3 106.0 Cape Verde 89.1 657 63.4 84.4 100.0 1073 10739 12.6 L372 151.9 139. 8B9 75* 1193 CcualAfiicmRpqablic 83.6 62.4 66.2 92.1 IO0D 12.9 104.9 1176 1171 125.1 118.7 53.4 71.9 109. Cad 126.7 88.3 12.2 893 10 10956 IO. I2.3 1205 121.3 114.1 92.0 97.0 1095 CGmm 80.5 5.0 64 84.1 100 1O23 10O.1 121.8 118S 125.3 131.3 - 6O IIO C-ap 113.4 881 37.8 80.7 I0. 94.6 989 117.6 1075 107.9 95.9 74.6 99.3 1004 COwdlevim 1l02 676 63S 38.9 10 101.3 93.0 3005 972 103.6 962 63.0 76.9 97.6 1lat 85.4 80.S 33.7 965 1000 105.1 I104 112.7 ItS1 120.3 1239 73.3 834 1102 Equamda timuca - - - 87.8 100.0 1032 92.1 1051 1049 112.1 103.0 - - 101.0 Edhil 865 95.4 101.1 104.6 100.0 1020 1054 107.0 1182 L302 745 75.6 92.6 1052 Gabo. 1134D 84. 135 345 100.0 994 102.3 122 119.6 128.1 120.3 625 94.3 110.4 Gamld The 1262 72.8 92.8 85 I0D 107.4 107.2 121.1 111.9 123.1 120.1 871 97.0 1095 Gna 95S5 1005 97.6 118.1 100.0 97.0 93.4 1075 114.9 109.0 92.0 73.3 972 104.0 raine - _ - 982 100Z O 109.0 1161 122.0 1262 113.1 1155 - - 112.6 GAinca-Bissan 909 939 102.5 Z 25 100 902 90.1 125.8 125 1125 117.7 8S5 1053 105.2 Kenya 113*0 91.9 £72 962 100*0 100.7 94.1 92.4 85.9 85.4 59.0 87.7 98.3 892 LesSde 114.1 91.6 70.9 789 10. 107.1 104.3 m9 1232 1449 1385 76.2 101.2 115.7 Elbea 383 92. 93.6 94.3 1000 - - - - - - 70.8 90.4 971 l4ahpsmr 149.3 119.6 114.9 1285 100. 92.1 905 1032 100.7 IIIA 122.4 102.3 1372 106.7 Muavwi 117.7 108.0 96.7 1015 100. 109.6 1244 13T89 153.7 141A 141.9 372 113.0 1263 Mali 98.0 6339 73.2 872 100.0 1032 95.0 114.0 11137 126.6 1124 70.1 7.5.7 106.3 Maurkinia 87A 88.9 Si 902 100.0 1033 101.7 107.9 11C3 1203 93.0 72.9 83.1 104.1 Maniks 94D 73.7 711 87.6 ID0 1062 103.6 117.3 1720 127.1 1239 73.6 81.7 111.3 ldanmbitpe 129.6 159.6 2122 2555 100.0 22 85.3 91.6 368 734 752 - 151.0 1069 Nanbia 117. 89.7 762 846 100* 105I5 1045 104.4 107.8 114.9 1125 99.8 1043 741w 99.3 70.3 67.0 829 100.0 97.1 96. 1043 955 102.9 94.9 68. 78.3 96.7 Nigria 306.8 339.7 3032 1533 100.0 107.6 92.4 105.8 96.9 835 925 189A 3065 10(8 R _wub 652 79.4 833 89.7 IOD1 107.7 106.7 1045 76.1 70.7 - 55.9 732 93.6 SIoTOnm andPinipc 64.4 635 623 1142 100.0 865 30.3 99.8 an 71.3 64.6 61. 615 87.4 Senept 82.1 57.4 60.9 85.1 100.0 103.1 96.1 113.4 110.8 121.7 11. 595 64.9 105.4 Seychldes 662 705 713 87.1 IOD) ID9.3 1064 117.7 12.9 135.6 135.9 391 71.7 114.0 Sicna Le 2145 191.6 245.4 22.4 100.0 2DI. 163.6 140.7 120.7 I1.6 121 153. 2287 54.7 Soaia 73.7 91.B 94.4 96, 100.0 103.5 109.1 93.0 - - - 83A4 853 1005 Solud Afiic 104.5 90.6 69.7 785 100.0 103.4 1032 119.0 1262 1374 132.1 62.4 953 112.4 Sudan 36.6 88 70.0 87.7 IOD IW3 104.0 875 705 519 - 683 809 86 Swazilod 160.6 11539 815 332 100*0 110.3 1063 126.7 124.4 130.3 6.4 100.3 129.6 114-1 Taunia 167.9 134.7 216.6 145.2 100.1 13 -693 59.1 715 59.4 - 123.0 1972 84.7 Tp 92.1 62.3 623 85.4 1003 103.9 98.0 1183 117.9 12S.7 116.8 71.9 732 1032 Ugd .. 64.6 61.1 98.6 1003 533 593 52.8 47.7 57.2 66A _ 59.1 66.9 zaire 220.3 110.8 101.0 15 100.0 115.0 116.1 - - - - 189.5 165.1 109.9 Zuulda 196.6 137.2 111.8 t6 100.0 165.6 133.8 1505 156.3 150.4 1409 139.9 165.4 1413 imbabwe - 1229 1005 33.7 91.6 1003 109.4 1032 1105 IW.7 955 91.6 90.6 115.1 1003 MNORMtIAJRICA . Ut 3 910 56;3 100I 92.9 * 900 975 83.6 37.9.- 91.3: -6433: 91.1 92A Algeria 844 36.3 893 973 IOO 92.6 S3I 90.4 65.0 65.6 70.4 Sl.0 85.4 W33 F4ylptabRP.xu1ic 95.1 96.7 102.7 1035 IOD 839 89.0 90.3 822 8S8 97.2 792 95.7 91.9 lbya 88.4 389 104.4 87.8 100.0 90.4 93.1 - - - - 561 93.9 928 Momuo 124.2 762 7.4 A6 100.0 107.4 IOI8 1182 119.6 127.0 122.4 912 93.1 111.4 Tunsa 116.3 924 902 97.6 10. 1043 1014A 116.0 1182 131.4 1213 J6. 101.4 IIIA Now G ydmudlaefm ffn:_erim lwn -foreSyha. 46 Pric andExkange Raft 3-3. Consumer price index Avowag amnim Lw=Ia1987100 witqtE dhOhf flu IW inS ins fm 19J iM *990 1991 §912 1993 75.79 l-15 NMR SUB-SAHA AFRiA . 442 75 US. . . I.0 11Q4 I2.9 1334 1505 . 174 . 204 . 12 .135 11.5 ualiGpg.Smui&Af4 733 3Afr g2:7 1005W 109.6 1 135.1 1503 6 .199.9 123 13.1 1I. cdL S.AfimtNlmXca .46i 71L5 .U5 929: 10B 109.4 13.9 1349 19.7 1 194.7 . 11.9. 12.5 10.7 BdOW" 493 76.6 328 9LI 1000 103.4 1209 1343 15. 1743 1993 115 IIA 11U5 BhtmFuc 72.1 9. 105.5 102.3 100. 104.1 1A33 t129 1055 10.4 103.9 11.6 aS 0.1 Msi 602 335 91.3 93.4 100. 1045 116.7 124.3 1361 1422 156. 15.3 U 72 Cmos 45.4 73. 323 6 100.0 94. 99.6 101.4 - - - 11.7 1s 33 CapeVade - _ .4 36s 963 100.0 1041 1063 1.4 1313 1360 160 - - 7.5 Cml AfiaicoRqwIt - 952 1052 10715 IDD0 960 97 96.7 94. 93.0 903 - 93 . Chad - 1163 1223 1064 100.0 115 1093 1105 115.0 110.3 - _ 01 Cag 56 91.1 962 93A4 100 104 103U 1035 112 I1S.4 11.2 113 25 CZt dIvire 66.6 359 875 935 1600 107.0 1072 1095 1129 1160 1I6 69 32 Dp-bnd ; 751 796 513 96.1 lOUD - 25 109 Nyimumid Coai - - 139.6 1143 10L0 1023 108.4 109. 106.1 9_ - - -2.9 Biq 739 95A4 1. 1025 10U 107.1 1155 1214 1643 132.1 136 17.1 61 - 5 Qbad 59.7 t5 77.1 101* 100.0 912 97A 1049 1052 951 _ 15.7 - 23 G*miaisIe 275. 43.7 517 31110 IO0 Il.T 120D9 13 147.4 161A 17LS 135 122 14.D Ga 63 521 57.4 715 160.0 131A 1645 2252 2665 2933 3665 69.1 59.4 266 GoimaSimam _ _ _ - D16.0 1603 2119. 335.4 607.4 1,030J0 1,9SS SI _ 571 KFA 47.4 735 IL7 929 10 1112 125.6 1452 1733 2253 3235 14. 13.6 16.7 m 40.7 6669 75.3 395 1OD. IILS 27.9 142.7 16U0 1969 224.1 141 13.6 142 73.0 925 915 9S2 160.0 109.6 119. - - - - 32 43 7.0 _adamr 305 637 76. 17D 0 1001 1269 133 154.6 1673 1922 2113 6.6 203 13.7 Madli 373 63.4 701 799 10.0 139 1 16.3 139.6 2. - - 13.4 1.7 bit _ - - - - - - - - - - - - - Wajimnitm - - 36.1 923 100.0 101.3 114.4 1i22 123Ut 1419 155.1 - _ 7.5 MasiM 63 913 979 995 100.0 1092 123* 139.6 1493 1563 172.7 A 123 S.1 Maat&c .. - 274 - 100.0 150.1 210.4 3093 4112 593 350. _ - 422 lfmslb 432 70D 73. 333 16D 1129 293 1453 I9 197 203 _ 125 132 NiRCw 77.1 111.3 110.7 1072 0U. 946 9S. 95.1 37.6 33. E2.7? 153 32 -3.6 )rw& 354 7931 35. 393 160.0 W45 2325 249.6 22.1 4073 64LO 2.4 13. 23 Rtudn 709 95.4 97.1 96. 100.0 103.0 1041D 10JA 9.7 I42O 1 145 7.1 6.4 SloiTonsfidlh_cipe - - - - - - - _ _ _ _ Saoacd 56h1 869 91L2 1043 ID0 962 936 939 972 971 965 9.4 11.6 -0.6 Scydea 79.7 96.4 972 97.5 IO.0 I1I1 15.4 1075 109.7 1132 - 114.7 14.4 52 23 Si;aLacm 25 1131 19U 355 100.0 1313 213.7 4509 9139 1512.4 1,343 143 44.1 795 Somalia 9.0 413 575 73. I.D 131.9 - - - -_ 14.4 45.7 449 SodsAfica 37.7 624 72.6 36.1 100J) 112.3 129.4 1431 170.7 1945 213.4 115 13.3 14.4 sodh 16.7 45S 66.7 829 100.0 164.7 2746 4535 1,0139 7 6. 4,443 5 16.6 300 71n3 Swazilad 33.4 64.4 77S 3t2 100.0 112.4 1217 135.1 149.7 1621 139.6 127 143 112 Tanaia 15.6 436 53. 771 1001 1312 165.1 197.6 241.7 2951 364.3 1135 DA 253 TogP 69.7 973 96 99 100.0 993 99 100. 0100.4 IO1 100.3 1139 1 0.4 Uvula 09 S I3 333 300.0 29611 473.1 636.4 31S 1,2Q4 1,31739 _ 593 773 Zake 53 299 351 525 160.0 13.7 3729 6761 15,23 64,6 13SO.0 64.3 465 3SS.3 7Zmbi 132 33.6 460 499 1OOD IS5 3545 771.1 1,43.1 4,4163 12763 153 13.0 101.1 z smbdbe 33.7 71.7 773 339 100.0 17.4 1213 1423 1755 249.4 3132 10.4 145 134 IIWIIARn . 7TIn . 100.3 10. I 111.6 13I.0 1513 *3 2I8U. . I l 9- * 9.6. 1£.4 Alga 53.5 75D as3 933 IO.D0 1053 115S135D 170.0 2233 269. 113 S9 153 Eyp.AbRqm ic 35.0 6042 675 I35 160.0 117.7 142.7 16.6 1995 226.7 2541 11.0 -IS 182 MjDc 56 331 396 97411 10.1 4 105.6 1123 1213. 1239 1316 9J7 9. 5.1 Tunisia - 51.1 87D 92.4 10. 1072 lISA 1230 332. 139.9 145U - - 63 ALL AFKA 454 7 JAZB r-a 10.3 l94 IX9 .35.3 150_ i74.C n '2.1 rlS. il 5 Noel _ar,-aya Prices and Erchange Rates 47 3-4. Official exchange rate Naional cmww yper US dolar An4matlaerage 1210 198 I 1985 1981 r98; 195 189 1990 191/ 1992 1993 >7579 80s-5 85 tBSAAItA A . .- - - . - - Angola 295 293 293 293 293 29.9 293 293 _ _ 2893 295 293 Bens 2113 437. 4493 346.3 3005 2973 319.0 2723 2912 2647 3.2 227.5 3465 295.7 Bdsiam 0.8 1.3 139 13 1 13 2.0 19 2.0 2.1 2.4 03 12 2.0 Buri waFas 2113 437.0 449.3 3463 30035 2971 319.0 2723 2823 264.7 2832 2275 3465 295.7 Bmnadi 90.0 lt9.7 1203 1142 123.6 140.4 1517 171.3 1l1. 2083 2423 87.0 100.6 167.6 Camemoc 2113 437.0 449.3 3463 300.5 2973 319.0 2723 2z12 264.7 2S12 227.5 3465 2957 Cpe Varde 40.2 S149 91.6 80.1 725 72.1 78.0 7M0 71.4 68.0 304 32.6 6S5 74.1 CUl Afikan RIpbic 2113 437.0 4493 346.3 300S 2973 319.0 2723 22.1 2647 213.2 227.5 3465 295.7 Cud 2113 437.0 449.3 3463 3005 297.8 319.0 272.3 292.1 264.7 213.2 227-5 3465 29S7 Cmrs 2113 437.0 449.3 3463 3005 2979 3190 272.3 21 264.7 2832 227.5 346C5 295.7 Cmgo 2113 437.0 449.3 346.3 30035 297.8 319.0 272.3 281 264.7 2132 227.5 346.5 295.7 Crd0vaoire 2113 437.0 4493 3463 3005 2973 319.0 2723 221 26437 2132 227.5 346.5 29S3 Djlbaui 177; 177.7 177.7 177.7 177.7 177.7 177.7 177.7 177.7 177.7 177. 177.7 1773 1773 Equt;a Gins 2113 437.0 4493 3463 3005 2978 319.0 272.3 282.1 264.7 213.2 2275 346.5 295.7 Etbhiia 23 z.1 2Z LI 2.1 2.1 2.1 L1 24 2.1 5.0 2.1 2.1 25 Unbar 211.3 4370 449.3 346.3 3005 2973 319.0 272.3 2S12 2647 2132 227.5 3465 295.7 Gambia,T1e 1J7 3.6 39 69 71 6.7 7.6 73 8. 19 9.1 Zl 2.7 73 GINI- 2.1 36.0 54.4 892 1533 2023 2700 32S3 3671 437.1 649.1 1.6 IT9 3119 Gi= 19.0 24.1 243 3335 428A 474.4 591.6 66D2 7533 902. 9555 20.4 223 637.4 _inea-Bis 33.8 104.6 1593 203.6 559D0 109.7 1.110.1 2.1855 3,651.6 6.9333 10,081.9 31.7 695 3.3171 Keya 7.4 14.4 16.4 162 165 173 20.6 229 27.5 32.2 58.0 73 115 26.5 Lesidlo 03. 15 272 23 2.0 2.3 2.6 2.6 2.3 2.9 3.3 0. 13 2.6 Ueda 1.0 1.0 1.0 I0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 t .1. 0.a 1.0 1.0 1.0 Mad_a 2113 S76.6 6625 6763 1,0692 1.407.1 1,603.4 1,4942 1,83S.4 1.0 1,913. 227S5 417.1 1482 Malawn 0.- 1.4 1.7 19 2.2 2.6 2 2.7 23 3.6 4.4 0.9 12 29 mat 211Z3 437.0 449.3 3463 3005 2973 319.0 272.3 212.1 2647 2832 2275 346.5 2953 45S9 633 77.1 74.4 739 7S3 13.1 30.6 1W9 37.0 120. 452 563 84.6 Maniuins 73 133 15A 135. 123 13.4 152 149 15.7 15.6 17. 6.4 11.4 14.8 Mozziyeiquc 36.7 48.1 489 45S 329-5 5947 1443 1,053.1 1,764.0 2,55A 3.342 32-5 433 1,3820 ansibia 01 1.5 22 2 3 2.0 73 2.6 2.6 2.1 29 3.3 0.1 1.3 2.6 Iger 211.3 437.0 449.3 3463 300.5 2973 319.0 272.3 2823l 26437 213.2 227.5 346.5 29537 Ngeria 05 OS 03 1.8 4.0 45 7.4 10 93 17.3 22.1 0.6 0.7 9.4 RKuds 921 100.2 1013 87.6 793 76.4 10.0 826 5.1 133A 144.2 9218 95.7 101.1 SboTomdnd rncipe 34.1 442 44.6 36 542 363 124.7 1433 201S 321.3 4293 32-9 40.9 175. Sene 2113 437.0 4493 3463 3005 2971 319.0 272.3 232.1 2643 213.2 227.5 465 2957 sc5hell 6.4 7.1 7.1 62 5.6 5.4 5.6 5.3 5.3 S.] 5.2 63 6.7 S5 SiccnLe 1.0 25 5.1 16.1 340 325 59.8 151.4 2953 499.4 5675 11 22 207.0 Somalia 6.3 2D.0 395 72.0 1O52 1705 490.7 - - 6.3 16.4 209.6 SosiAIim 0.3 15 22 23 2.0 23 2.6 26 2.8 - 23 3.3 0.1 1.3 2.6 Sundm 05 1.3 23 2.5 3.0 45 45 4.5 7.0 97.4 1593 0.4 12 353 Swazlsd 03 15 22 23 2D 23 2.6 2.6 2. 2.9- 3.3 0S 1.3 2.6 Tanzania 82 153 175 32.7 643 99.3 143.4 195.1 2192 297.7 4053 ao 11.6 182.1 Togo 2113 437.0 449.3 3463 3005 297.8 319.0 272.3 212. 264.7 2832 25 3465 2953 Ugand 0.1 3.6 6.7 14.0 423 106.1 223.1 4289 734.0 1,133.81 1,195D 0.1 22 44.7 Zaire 0.0 0.0 0. 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 2. O0 0.0 0.3 Zambia 0.3 1.I 341 7. 9.5 S3 13.8 30.3 64.6 1722 4523 0.7 15 949 Zimbabwe 0.6 13 1.6 I. 1.7 1.8 2.1 25 3.6 S.1 65 0.6 1.0 3.1 NORrIlAFRICA: _ _: .. _ . .. _ . _ _._ . _ Algeia 3.8 5.0 5.0 4.7 4. 59 7.6 9.0 -115 213 233 4.0 4.6 12.0 Egyp,AaaRqxibe 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 09 1.6 3.1 33 34 05 0.7 11 Libya 03 03 0.3 03 03 03 03 03 03 03 03 0.3 03 0.3 MaroWo 33 8. 10.1 9.1 8.4 12 85 3.2 1.7 85 93 42 69 8.6 Tuisia 0.4 0.3 0A 0.3 0.3 09 0.9 09 0.9 039 1.0 0.4 0.6 09 ALL AFRICA . .. - _ :._.. . . .. . _._ :-_: - _ .. 48 Price and Exchange ARes 3-5. SDR exchange rate index SDRs pe of nati l crrecy, index 1987=100 Annual aver 19m 19i 1985 986 19t 1988 i89 iJM 19 1992 19Ws 757 a-as 6R SU-SA-AR --: -- - - - - -A :C- - . - - - - . a Sc&-AftiS g '- ' - - - - -:- :- - Angola - 122 64 a 31 1W S5 5' S0 73 69 - 49 SS S1 fair 141 87 86 96 100 97 95 1OS 101 104 98 141 106 95 B dtws 215 165 113 99 1O0 89 4 86 79 72 64 220 152 34 B FinaF 141 87 56 96 10 97 95 105 101 104 98 141 106 99 Bunadi 136 130 130 120 IOD 35 73 69 65 SS 47 152 145 77 Cm... 141 87 86 96 100 97 95 105 101 104 98 141 106 99 cape Vee 179 tm 1001 99 W 96 93 98 96 95 83 242 136 96 Ccu AiR cnRepubllc 141 87 36 96 100 97 95 105 101 104 98 141 106 99 Cmd 141 87 36 96 100 97 95 105 101 104 98 141 106 99 Coweos 141 37 36 96 tOO 97 95 105 101 104 98 141 106 99 COng 141 87 36 96 I0 97 95 105 101 104 98 141 106 99 Ckedrlviem 141 87 86 96 100 97 95 105 101 104 98 141 106 99 DjibeuS 99 126 127 110 IOD 96 101 95 94 92 93 107 117 98 EqaomGinca 141 87 36 96 tCO 97 95 105 101 104 98 141 106 99 E3iaa 99 126 127 110 IOD 96 101 95 94 75 38 106 117 89 Cabs. 141 37 S6 96 100 97 95 1OS 101 104 98 141 106 99 Gabia,The 410 255 234 115 100 102 94 86 77 73 72 370 330 90 GTh1n 5,335 S2 34S 183 100 fl 56 43 38 31 21 11,556 3.929 68 Gins 2238 2.238 223 138 100 S7 73 62 54 44 41 2,230 238 75 Gaica-Bissln 1305 532 355 239 100 39 25 19 12 6 4 1,517 907 SS Kenya 221 145 129 112 100 89 81 69 57 47 28 225 170 73 lash. 260 173 I1 99 100 57 78 75 70 66 53 26D 209 79 Libria 99 126 127 110 100 96 101 95 95 92 93 107 117 98 MflpSa 470 221 192 16 100 69 63 64 52 49 48 469 318 76 Ma. wi 270 197 164 131 100 83 81 77 74 58 46 271 229 31 MAli 141 87 8K 96 100 97 95 105 101 104 98 141 106 99 Mauriania 159 146 122 110 IOD 94 8 87 84 79 53 174 134 87 Mmida 166 lie 106 105 100 92 85 83 75 76 63 217 136 B6 M _zambqu 596 576 573 528 tOO 35 26 20 12 3 5 678 S88 92 Nnibia 260 17B 113 99 100 S7 78 75 70 66 58 260 209 79 141gw 141 37 36 96 100 97 95 105 101 104 9N 141 106 99 Nigmria 731 663 570 328 100 as 55 48 33 23 17 683 674 S7 RvwAnda 85 10 100 100 100 1OD 100 91 60 55 51 91 97 82 SloTaam x dpdnip 136 136 136 136 100 54 39 32 24 14 10 157 136 51 Seaal 141 37 36 96 100 97 95 105 1i1 104 93 141 106 99 Seydlles 87 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 10 37 97 1D0 Sicna ln 2,916 1.550 529 406 100 95 53 20 11 6 5 3.140 2224 D7 Somala 1,620 668 332 163 100 69 24 _ - - - 1,740 I,93 39 SouAfrica 122 U 63 81 100 85 83 sO 73 69 - 49 S5 B1 Suda 56 273 156 124 100 60 63 60 49 4 2 120 363 SB Swazilmd 260 173 119 99 100 57 78 75 70 66 5S 260 209 79 Tanaia 768 53S 463 261 IOD 62 45 31 27 20 15 350 684 70 TogW 141 37 36 96 100 97 95 105 101 104 93 141 106 99 Uganda 37,631 1.054 562 221 100 31 13 6 4 2 2 38,1B8 10,611 47 Zaire 3.943 384 2£1 203 100 58 29 17 2 0 0 14,745 1,910 51 Zambia i.122 625 417 134 100 104 70 29 14 5 2 la7 373 S7 Zindbwe 258 168 131 110 100 39 79 65 4t 30 24 279 213 6S ,dii n. . * -. _. _. . _ . _.._._ .._.__ ..._._...._.____ ..........__.._.._._._ Algera lb 123 123 113 IW 79 64 52. 25 20 19 128 123 59 EgyrptAmb1Rtpabie 100 126 128 III IO 96 87 47 22 19 19 175 117 63 Libya 100 127 125 III 100 100 100 100 120 96 90 107 117 IW Maccm 212 120 106 101 10 93 99 97 91 90 33 212 IS4 95 T _niui 203 15 126 116 100 93 8e 90 aS 86 76 212 160 92 YE- r u-in.<* aj.Sn*fl .Z.f%a .~...-4,S~ .~ ---.... Pries andE cha Rats 49 3-6. Currency conversion factor Uniofnainlcrrncyper USdollar Annaage ISt 194 195 196 1957 1981 1989 19.10 191 1M - 199._ 75-79 5045 AC SU,-SAM:ARANARJC._=-. . - - -. _- :- .. -, 2, .... -- - 2 - -. - * ,. Angla 299 29,9 293 299 299 29S 29.9 29.9 51-0 457.0 4330 29.1 2939 67.1 Balin 2113 437.0 449.3 3463 3005 2973 319.0 272.3 212 264.7 2832 2275 3465 295.7 BD owma 08 L 11 6 1.9 is 1.7 2.0 1.9 19 21 22 0.8 1.1 1 Buddn Paso 2113 437.0 449.3 3463 3005 29738 319.0 272.3 212. 264.7 2232 2275 3465 295.7 Bunmdi 90.0 119.7 120J 1141 123.6 140A 1SL7 1713 1115 2013 2423 57.0 1006 167. Caonae 2092 4095 471.1 316 3117 2917 31S.4 3007 2616 2104 265.4 2301 329.4 303.4 CapeVest 402 149 916 80.1 225 7 78A 70.0 71A 63.0 80.4 32.6 65.9 74.1 Cen Alian Repquhe 211.3 437. 4493 346.3 300S 297.1 319.0 7723 2821 264.7 232 22735 3465 29.7 tu.d 2113 437.0 493 3463 3005 297. 3191 2723 212.1 264.7 2832 2275 3465 295.7 Canes 2113 437.0 4493 346.3 3005 297.3 319.0 27t3 23L1 264.7 254.6 2235 3465 292 Congo 2113 4371 4493 346.3 3005 2973 319Y 272.3 28.1 264.7 23.2 22735 3465 295.7 C&tcd7ver 2113 437D.0 4493 3463 3005 297.1 319.0 2723 222.1 264.7 2812 2275 3465 295.7 Dpboau 127.7 177.7 1777 177.7 r17.7 177.7 177.7 177.7 177.7 177.7 177.7 1777 177.7 177.7 Eq,ammu Guin 1106 3215 49.3 346.3 3005 297.9 319.0 2723 221 264.7 2832 0.1 2521 295.7 EBhiopi 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 43 2.1 2.1 23 Cubano 2113 437.0 4493 3463 3005 297. 319.0 272.3 2821 2643 283.2 2275 3465 295.7 Gambiale 1.8 4.1 5.0 73 6.7 7.0 Li 73 9.1 .3 95 2.! 31 8.1 (baa 96 613 76.2 893 147.0 2.3 270.0 3263 367.5 4374 6413 4.1 33.5 3111 Guinea 19.0 24.1 24.3 3333S 4214 474A 591.6 C6602 7539 903.0 9553 2D3 223 637.6 CGune3isn 499 120.6 160.0 3733 559.0 1,09.7 1,110.1 Z1855 361 6.933 10,011.9 43J3 80.1 3,3391 Kemp 7A 14A 16.4 162 165 17.7 20.6 229 275 322 51-0 7B 119 265 L1so1h 0 15 2.2 2.3 2.0 23 2.6 2.6 2. 2.9 3.3 OI 1.3 2.6 Mer 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 L 1.0 1. 1.0 -- 1.0 LO 1D 'IdMal 2113 576.6 62.5 6763 1069 1,407.1 1,603.4 1A4942 1,3SA 1.679 1,923 2275 417.1 1.48.5 UniTai 0B 1[4 17 13 22 26 21 2.7 2.2 3.6 4.4 09 12 2.9 Mai 2113 437.0 4493 346.3 3005 29738 319.0 2723 212.1 264.7 2831 2275 346.5 2953 LbuiMh 453 633 771 74.4 73.9 75.3 33.1 80.6 Sl9 37.0 120.3 452 56.9 84.6 Matims 7.7 133B IS.4 135 t2.9 13.4 153 149 15.7 IS.6 16.7 6A 11.4 14.7 Manbiquc 32.4 42.4 432 40.4 290J 5246 744.9 929.1 1.4345 2432.7 3.722.7 30.9 336 1,26.D N'aa 0.8 15 2.2 2.3 2.0 23 2.6 2.6 2.8 239 33 O 1.3 2.6 Niger 2113 437.0 493 3463 3005 297.1 319.0 73 282. 254.7 286 2275 3465 2962 'Ngria 0S 0.Q 0.9 LU 4.0 43 7.4 3. 99 173 22.1 06 0.7 9A wmda 92.8 1002 1013 87.6 79.7 76A 3.0 112.6 12S. 1334 1442 92. 95J 1011 SEa Tome mud Principe 34.1 442 4.6 386 541 863 124.7 143.3 2013 3204 4299 32.9 40.9 1749 Sen1g1 2113 437.0 4493 3463 3003 2S73 319.0 2723 2821 264.7 2865 2275 3465 2962 Seydadlks 6A 7.1 7.1 62 5.6 5A 5.6 53 S.3 5.1 52 69 6.7 5.5 Slenal LO 25 36 52 35.6 25.5 46.3 96.7 199.0 424.0 5393 1.0 is 1715 Som_li 21- 79.1 99.7 129.6 166.5 2A 5122 1,19 . - - 112 54.1 59S.5 Suh Afica 08 15 22 23 2.0 23 26 2.6 238 2.9 33 0B 1.3 2.6 Sudn 0.5 1.3 23 23 2.11 45 6.3 122 27. 69.4 - 0A 1.2 173 Svzbind 0.8 15 22 2.3 2.0 23 2.6 26 238 2.8 33 U 13 2.6 Tnmnia 32 15.3 175 32.7 643 993 143.4 195.1 2192 297.7 4053 73 11.6 182.1 Toa 2113 437A 4493 3463 3005 2973 319.0 2723 2321 264.7 213.2 2275 3465 295.7 Uanda 1.0 4.0 I.0 16.0 51.D 250.1 396.1 570.1 8325 1,133.8 1,195.0 0.0 3J1 5M.7 Zare 2.8 36.1 499 S9.6 112.4 18741 381.4 718.6 155371 645,549.0 - 0.9 16 94A,565 7ambia 0o 13 3.1 7.8 95 8.3 -13.1 34.5 646 179.0 4523 J07 15 -96.3 &mbabwe 0.6 1.3 1.6 1.7 1.7 I 2.1 24 3.4 5.1 6.6 0.6 1.0 3.1 I;ORl1lAFP:A ... . . .. Ag4a 3* 51 5.0 4.7 49 5.9 7.6 9.0 115 21. 233 4.0 46 12.0 Ep1tAmbRqxaNlc 0.7 0. 1.0 11 13 1.8 19 22 31 33 3A 06 0. 22 Libya 03 03 0.3 03 03 0.3 03 03 0.3 - 03 0.3 0.3 Mocca 39 81 10.1 9.1 .4 82 8.5 &2 37 B5 93 42 69 8.6 _miaia 0.4 03 03 01 0.8 0.9 09 09 03 0.9 1.0 OA 06 09 ALLAFRE.- ... - - f ' :- : - - - - -4 ?tt2betafkuwhbaSmtbaahheSanwuuzr_agmlSfrcnhmuSimm _msuacaazSywtnt.raeauhIebiauasbud _wauiaaaarsenledasa(Smsmchla _Im). 50 Prices and Erchazge Rates 3-7. Parallel market exchange rate NationalcuenyperUSdoar Amuta anrge 1980 19BJ 198 S ins S 19S; w7 19B 19 19i 1w im 193 7S-p au-u 8&MR ~~~~ . -.= -., w_*< tVg :i- ' - .'':S::_ .-'. tAfx-5ictl9.-.4...pda '. -. -, .-. ,-- ; .*. - Anola - 1.350D 1,50.0 1,S50D 2,W0.09 1,8S0D - 1 26.? 1.087.5 1 ,1.00 1.610B Bacin 209.5 4556 444.6 343.0 305.0 302.1 3243 2313 _ _ 222.2 352.9 3113 Bowan 02 2.2 2.6 2.6 2.2 2.1 2.3 19 0.4 0.4 - 1.0 15 1.7 Bmsinafto 2095 4554 4446 3433 3050 30Z.1 3243 2l13 - - . 2292 352.9 3113 BuMd 106.0 176.0 140.0 117.7 1373 169.6 214.0 186.1 2693 310.9 - 1IOU 129J7 205.0 Cacos 2095 455.6 444.6 343.0 305.0 30211 324.3 2313 - - 2282 35Z.9 3113 CapcVaul - - - - - _ _B.0 79.5 - - - 838 Cad AiimqmbIic 2095 455.6 44.6 343.0 3053 30L1 3243 21B _ _ _ 22t.2 352.9 3113 Cad1 2095 455.6 444.6 343.0 305D 30L1 324.3 2S13 - . 22_Zl 3s29 3113 CIoms_ _ - - - - _ 30D.0 231.5 - _ _ 29039 Cmen 2095 4556 444.6 3430 305.0 3021 3243 2313 B _ - 222 3529 3113 CAedhMfr 2095 4554 4444 343.0 305.0 30.11 3243 2313 _ _ - 221L2 3529 3113 DjiS - - 1933 IS3 2252 2135 217.9 191.3 213.3 205.3 - 20_.1 Eqadoia Guinca - - 4444 343.0 305.0 30.1 3243B 231I3 - _ - 3113 Rbkdac 23B 43 43B 33 446 6.6 5.9 6.0 6.7 95 - 43 3.6 62 Gabon 2095 455.6 4444 343.0 305.0 Z2.1 3243 - - _ - - 352.9 318.7 Gmmbiuhbe 12 43 3.7 13 7.7 3.6 7.4 S3 0.1 01 - 19 2.9 53 r - 159 96.7 131.3 135.0 2133 2522 3233 3603 22 451.6 - 71 2 6B.1 310fi Gainea 41.7 2834 3107 396.0 443.3 5389 5S0.1 6933 7933 161.1 - 489 1559 7213 G:hm-Dij m - - - - - 1,300 - - 4,1725 6.0750 - - - 4,0153 ICcuja 82 165 173 15.9 175 211 2Z24 233 30.0 44A - 87 139 25.D inaoda_ - 1i5 2.4 25 2.4 2.4 2.7 2.7 03 03 - 1.7 19 Jia _ _. _ _ 15 - _ _ _. _. _ _ _ Mada_ 265.0 U810 691.7 815D 350.0 1,671.7 1,6391 1,5392 - _ _ 2675 634.1 1,313D Miami 16 2.2 2.5 2.1 2.5 3.1 3.6 3.3 03 02 _IA 2.0 22 Mdi 2095 4554 4446 343. 305.0 302.1 - 3243 2813 _ - _ 2232 3529 3113 Maxifli 65. 155.0 167.0 175- 170.0 200. - - 17.1 169 - 353 108.0 1153 Mmnriis - - 14.4 143 13.7 14.1 16.0 IS.7 - - _ 14 Mianbiqe B03 1,450 1.750D 1 S50D 225 -D 103 - 2,10WD 200 1953 6025 7,0650 Nit - _ - - _ _ _ _- Iia 20975 455.6 444.6 3430 3053 302.1 3245 221.3 - - 722 352.9 3113 NMia 0.9 32 3J 4.1 6.7 6.7 10.7 93 6.7 2139 I I 2.0 9.4 Rwa_a 1153 1763 1383 1090 1Q13 937 109B 1042 2091 239 131D 137A4 137 SbTamU lP c - - _ - _ _ 222.5 3609 - - 2913 S-e_1 2095 455.6 4446 3433 305D 3021 324B 28LB - - - 2282 352.9 3113 S*ychdes . - - - - - 5.9 5.7 5.5 - - - 5.7 SieualAui IA 43 7.7 125 1003 131.6 10.9 4704 0.0 03 - 1.1 3A I73 SMEah- 99 303 105I 1473 1503 3192 398B 1t911 4,67530 609s5 - 93 31.5 1,966.7 SculAfhie 09 1.5 2 2.4 25 2.4 2.4 2.7 2.7 03 03 - 0.0 IA 1.9 Sud 1D 2.5 33 6.4 52 112 15.9 43.6 0.0 64 0.6 13 7 Swzitd - -. 2.4 25 2.4 24 33 27 03 03 - - - 1s Tania 21D 57.1 66.5 1613 175.D 2113 263.5 292.4 343.5 4059 - 173 40.7 2653 Togo 2095 455.6 444.6 343D 305S 302.1 324.3 2S13 - - - 22_2 3523 3113 Uguada 75.7 4293 1,0063 4,583 11,7509 4702 597.5 685.3 8592 165.4 649 333.3 2901.7 Zaik 6.4 36.2 509 65.7 910 235* 469A 733.1 19,318S 7565533 - Z 242 11,6&2 Zambia 13 23 43 938 15. 303' 1073 1212 toz a - 13 7Z1 404 Tbabwe 1.1 23 2.4 22 2.6 31 3.5 33 02 A12 - IJ 19 22 iowan ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ , ..* .: ..; .. .; . .. ,. . AMa 10.9 21.6 24.6 213 234 297 37.1 293 333 874 - 83 17.4 37.5 EgApt,AnbRqbce 03 12 IS 1B 2.0 22 2.6 26 03 03 - 0.7 1.1 1.7 libya 05 0.6 038 1.1 13 1.0 0.9 1.0 0Ql 0.6 _ 0.4 0.6 13 Mmoo 4.1 92 10.1 92 3.6 8S 92 93 92 3.9 _ 45 7.1 93 Tuniia OA 0.9 09 O.R - 0 0.9 1.0 0.9 1.0 1.0 . 0.4 0.7 0.9 -J.A1IIU RC &; .. _ _ _ , . . .. . . _ - _ _ _ . . .. .._ NStaRuaualz naptnSsiu.ula.lef.uls 1leUj.l.hill- Uolda Ugma.tugu lanmI In 13. Prices andExchange Rafte 51 3-8. Ratio of parallel market to official exchainge rates R?atio of parale marke to offiia excang rate Ammua avenige flu0 n" /nsa ns19 nr ins ins ins tNt 12 1993 1-7-9 50L85 55-MR Angela - 45.12 55.15 61194 66M3 51184 - 344 63.51 tBei 0399 1.0 0.99 0399 LWI UN La 1.04 .. - .1.04 1.02 1.01 SaunaZ P 03 1.69 3.37 1389 1.31 LIS5 1.14 1.02 020 0.19 - 1.22 126 0.9 uDwkonFaw 0399 1."4 039 0399 1.01 1.01 1.02 1.04 . - - 1.04 1.02 1.01 BRenam 1.13 1.47 1.16 1.29 III1 121 1.35 1.09 1.4 1.49 - 121 1.21 1.29 Canieree 0399 1.04 0599 039 1.01 1.01 1.02 1.04 .. - - 1.04 1.02 1.0 Cq,pclrde - - - 1.23 1.17 - - - 1.2D Cercw s-African RepebIic 0.99 1.0 09 099 1.01A 1.01 132 1.04 - - .. 1.0 1.02 1.01 Chid 039 1.04 0399 0399 1.01 1.01 132 1.04 - - LOG4 1.02 1.01 Cemaase - - - - - - 1.06 1.0 - - - 1.0 Congo 0399 1.0 039 039 L 1.01 13 I2 1.0 - - A 1.04 1.02 O Cift tevire 0399 1.04 0399 039 1.0 1.01 1.02 1.04 - - -1.04 1L02 1.01 DJIbKEt - - LO09 1.06 i127 1.20 1.23 1.08 1.20 1.16 ..- . 1417 Equsato Gniasa .. - 0599 0399 1.01 LIII 1302 1.04 - - -.- - LOt1 Ethioia 1.35 1.93 232 1184 222 3.19 2.35 2.90 3.24 3.39 -1393 1.73 230 Ganborn 0399 1.04 039 0399 1.01 1.01 1302 .. - - -- 1.02 1.01 GamM%a Tle 039 1.34 095 120 1.09 1.23 0o3 LOS 0.01 0.01 036 LOB 0301 Ghana 5.78 2.69 2.42 2.07 1.39 1.25 L22 1.11 104 1.03 -3.35 8.59 1.30 Gudina 2.20 11.76 1277 1.19 1.03 1314 033 1.05 1.0 1.739 2.47 6.659 L.17 ada-Bbs ~~ ~~ ~~~- - .. - - 1.62 .. 1.14 0on -- 1.21 Kenya LII1 1.14 1.05 093 1.06 1.23 LA09 1.02 1.09 12?8 -1.14 1.17 1.12 19sedmo - 1.02 1.03 1.09 1.18 1.06 1.03 1.0 0.11 ('d I - 1309 0.80 1.iberia .. - - - - I ) - . - - - - - - Mmiaapsear 125 1.5 1.04 1.21 0.30 1.19 1.02 1.0 - - -1.22 1.55 LOS Mialawi 1397 1.56 1.45 1.13 1.1 1.21 1.30 121 0.11 0.06 -1.69 1.74 0O3 Mali 039 1.04 0.99 0399 1.01 1.01 USaL 1.04 . - - 1.04 1.02 1.01 bMazitania 1.42 2.43 237 235 2.30 2.66 - - 021 0.19 -1386 133 154 Manfiml. - - 0.93 1.0A 1.06 1.06 1.05 1.06 - - A- .0 Agmein qum 2.18 30.14 35.76 42.5 6.75 - 1.43 1.19 1.10 ..5.96 1.26 10.61 PIEr 039 1.04 039 0399 1.01 1.01 LO 1.04 - - .. LO 1.02 LIII NIgeria 1.65 4.17 425 2.34 1.6 Lii4 145 1.16 0.63 1.27 .. . 2.61 1.43 Itwauda 1.24 1.76 1.37 124 1.27 129 1.37 126 1.6 1.79 IA1I4 1.43 1.41 SsOToO6m*audltneipe .. - - - - - - - LIO0 1.12 ~ - - 1.11 Senegal 0399 1.04 039 039 1.01 1.01 1302 1.04 - - IM.0 LOt 1.01 Seydhefics .. - - - - - - 1.11 LOB 1.O7 - - LOP9 Slenaee.T 1.33 1.71 1.51 0.78 2394 4.05 3.02 3.11 0.0 0.00 -1.05 1.5 1.9 Saoala 1.57 1.50 2.66 2.04 L.43 1.37 031 - - - - IA 1I65 1.54 SoohAfika 1.16 31.02 1.03 1.09 1.18 1.06 1.0 1.04 0.11 0.11 -0.00 1.11 0.3 Suds 2.00 1392 1.03 2.56 1.73 2.49 3.53 9359 0.00 0.64 - 3.9 1.64 2395 Swxzilad -. - 1.08 1.09 1.11 1.06 1.14 1.04 0.11 0.11 - -. . 0.82 Tanmuia 2.56 3.73 3191 4.9 2.72 2.13 3M 1.50 1.51 1.36 - 2.24 3.42 229 TOPa 0399 10 039 039 1.01 1.01 1.02 1.04 - - - 1.0 1.02 1.01 Uganda 1,020.6 119.35 149.74 327.38 27427 414 2.63 LEO 1.17 1.20 - 953.14 36531 37.53 Zaire 63582 3006520 3062408 3306376 2429234 3782302 3692545 3082159 3719037 3516652 - 745596 $601733 3361193 Zambia 1.65 1.27 1.5 1.26 158 3.67 .7.30 4.00 0.00 0.00 - 2.26 1.47 2.62 ZImbabwe 1.71 2.23 1.49 132 156 1.72 L.65 1.35 0.06 0.94 - 2.51 1.IM 1.10 Algeria 2.34 4.33 4.89 4.47 4.37 5.02 43 3.3 133 4.0 - 205 3.72 4.06 EuypArtRqubldc 1.14 1.71 2.14 2.57 2.86 3.14 3.05 1.68 0.10 0.0 - 1.39 1.55 1.93 libya 1.69 2.03 2.70 3.72 4.76 3-50 3.00 35 235 2.11 - 1.35 1.91 3.35 MISeeC KM 1.0 .04 1.00 LOI1 1.03 3M0 1.A 1.13 1.06 1.04 1.12 3M 3.06 Tmdsia 0.99 1.16 1.08 1.01 0397 1.05 1.0 1.02 I.E8 1.13 - 0.97 i.os LW0 AU.HUC .w . .. . 0.. .dwdft vz 52 Pricesand Erhange Rafts 3-9. Real effective exchange rate index Index 1987=100 Anmaml averag I98E IDE IMF5 1986 187 198 195 Img 1991 1992 1993 757.79 8145 86-A& SUB%-SAHARAN AFRICA 115.3 12143 114.3 105.2 1OD0 97.6- 95.5 9.71 92.1 U.J ELY9 .112 94.3 aechuing.Songi Ahim 114.9 11916 1151 105.5 100.0 97.6 913. 94.5 q1.7 .836.9 3;..16. 9- car4 S.Aflka&ignm. 11.2 19. .13 1052 200.0 9756 9535 93.A 921 37.7 811. .71. 4 Anna . - - -- -- Batnns 114.9 11431 102.3 101.0 100. 97.6 96.2 104.0 "99 101.1 104.8 ..112.? 10019 BurkinaPaso - -- - - . .- BUamd 100A 133.3 13.8 116.9100.0 33.1 39.1 7754 7716 6SA 633 .127.8 3427 Cmosm 81.7 772 3. 393 100.0 961 89.4 91*9 33. 369 30.7 .. 773 90A Cape Vadc 372 101.2 10016 97.2 100. 93. 952 933 93. 99.9 97.5 - 65 963 Cental AfiimlRepubli 10039 9039 93.7 99.9 100.0 97.6 MA. 95.2 39.6 395 81. . 95A4 93.6 Cad 144.9 3293 1303 107.9 100.0 10931 931.5 953 925 ass 77.5 ..126.5 95.3 Cwueams - - - - - - - -- Congp -935 9737 93. 103 100. 1002 300.1 94.5 932 98. 97.5 - 97.7 9327 COtilsofre ~~~~1033 743 73A 893 100.0 1013 95.3 97.6 941 99.6 973 . 8 3.0 97.0 DFJtmt - - --- - Equmat Gains - - - --- - Efioi*a 93.3 132.9 1532 1173 10D01 99.6 106.3 99.5 132.4 116A4 61.5 -121.9 104.2 Glabm, 107.6 90.4 932 10116 100.0 361 374 94.9 97.6 32.3 75.6 ~ 96390-7 GamMa5b 134.1 122. 1311 9413 100. 1012 104. 97.7 92.5 963 1033 -129.3 99.6 Gnu - 430.4 31021 226. 12937 100. 953 39.7 3991 923 9333 722 -65437 94.1 Guinea 0.0 0.0 0.0 101.7 100.0 107.2 1095 102.9 1073 99.7 103.4 - fiJ 104.0 Kena) 122 124 123.5 103.1 100U 95.0 93.5 362 843 38O 76.6 -121.9 91.5 Leasho 103.9 108.3 1043 103 01 3.3 D g 93.7 96. 93.8 102.1 1073 -.107.1 100.7 Madzganr ~~~~~169.6 163.7 155.3 146.7 1001) 37.1 332 3739 7627 31.5 399 - 17437 9431 Mitsui 12.7 119.6 119.3 107.5 100. 10539 112.3 112.7 11737 10931 110.9 121.1 109.5 Mali 1302 1192 123.31 122 1001 104.3 999 99.6 96.2 39.0 372 ..122 99.7 Maufitaia 106.0 1742 1162 10537 1001 923 912 871 3994 90.1 723 ..122.4 913 Mauritius 125 117.6 1141 110.1 1001 97.3 9739 993 9"A 97.4 1002 -120.6 1002 Mmtbio 8331 1512 2085 256.3 100.0 642 66.3 Cs'. 5019 461 460 - 223 37.0 Nami - - - - - - - NEW 139.3 1233 116.3 110.1 1001 94.3 37.5 36.5 75.5 7039 63. 132.4 8637 Ncigeia 335A 6212 566*0 310.51IO01 115.3 102.9 952 80.3 66. 72.6 .45t.5 11739 Rvwand 753 1092 109391003 10011003U 96.9 90.3 6135 65.6 69.6 - 972 3619 SicTatmwlPdzincio ..- - - - - - - - -- - - SemAp 942 831. 97.1 105.5 100.0 94.0 8999 39.3 8333 8.2 803 - 9.6 905S Seycblle 8332 107.3 103.1 102.7 1001 935 963 92A4 91.7 913 973 9 99.4 96A SiaraLeme 92.1 1915 17539 129.1 100.0 113.2 1031 75.0 75.3 63.3 773 7 144.1 93A SOONli - - - - - -- - - SaiuhAfiica 13037 126. 96.1 83A 100.0 943 942 97.6 101.3 1052 102.4 MA27 9831 Sub, 113.6 125. 113.0 1123 IOD.0 113.3 17439 2642 467.3 75A4 742 -115.0 172.7 Swazilad 111.6 109.0 1023 972 1001.0 9639 9413 95.6 96.1 92.3 183 II110A 952 Tannia. 1432 252. 293.6 2032 100.0 73.3 63.6 52. 56.4 43.0 45* - 23.6 31.6 -cap 11513 97.6 93A 100.6 10010 942 37.7 90.3 861- 36.9 33.1 ..106.7 91.1 UTganda 4353 56. 74.1 73.0 100.0 90.3 765 46. 351 32.7 34.0 - 17735 61-3 Zaile 231. 12739 1156 1155 100.0 10331 1023 34.6 81.5 79.0 96.0 -2300 195.6 2301bia, 2343 2127 196.6 94.7 100.0 1552 201* 173.5 154.3 1642 1893 - 232 154.3 Zkibabwe 124.1 123. 113-9 1013 1001D 92.7 33.1 771 644 571 61.3 -12737 30.3 Algeria 351 113.5 122 112. 1000 82.4 7037 64.0 3813 39.3 46. -.103A4 69.3 Eflpt Asb Rqpobiic 95.1 15537 110.3 106.6 100.0 742 79.0 7537 7230 76.4 377 - 117.0 3431 lMby - - - - - Tunisia 141.3 1367 1353; 116.1 100.0 97.5 9539 9342 943 96-1 94.7 133V CR AULLArCAM 11439 12±9 113A. 105.7. 100.0 97.5 95.2 912 11.7 . 39 31.1 1. 17.4 942 Ntec G ursma yvior*A=uuvmskmbmyss. II if I A a U. U U a A S i 54 Prices and Erchange Rates Technical Notes Tables representative income groups in capital cities or major urban areas. Thuss, te consumer ie Table 3-1. GDP deflator (local currenrc se indexes shown for some countries may not nes). The implcit GDP deflator for national accurately represent prce movements because curency senes is obtained by dividing, for each the undedying consumption basket may not be year of the time series, the value of GDP at representaive of overall national consumption current prices (World Bank, BESD) by the value pattems, and the weights assignedto pnces may of GDP at constant 1987 prices (World Bank, be outdated. BES))), both in national currency. Table 3-4. Offci exchne rate. The officia Table 3-2. GDP deflator (US dollar series). exchange rate (IMl Is, line rf) is expressed as The GDP deflator for US dollar series (with the annual average of the official marlet ecx- base year 1987 = 100) (World Bank, BESD) change rate in national currncy per US dollar. is obtained by dividing, for each year of the time series, the value of GDP at current US Table 3-5. SDR exchange rate mdex. This doars (Table 2-5) by the value of GDP at index is based on the avwage annual exchange constant 1987 dollars (Table 2-1). GDP at rateforSDRsperunitofnationalcurcy(MF, current US dollars was obtained by convert- MS, line rd-zf). mg current national series at single-year ex- change rates, while GDP at constant 1987 Table 3-6. Currency conversion factor. dollars was obtained by converting constant These are the annual exchange rates used by the national series at 1987 prices at a fixed World Bank (World Bank, BESD) to convert (1987) exchange rate. As a result, the GDP national currency series into US dollars. For deflator for US dolar series includes both the most counties, in most years, the conversion effects of changes in domestic pnces and the factor is identical to the average annual official effects of exchange rate variations. exchange rate. However, whre the official ex- change rate is judged to diverge by an excep- Table 3-3. Consumer price index Consumer - tionally large margin from the rate effectively pnice indexes (IMF, IFs, line 64) are generaly applied to internatinal trasactions, a more compiled using the Laspeyres formult goods appropriate conversion factor is esimated. An in the consumptLon basket selected according altemnative convmrsionfactorisusedwhenthere to consumption pattrns in the base year, de- are egregious differences between the official nved from household expenditure surveys, are and effective tansaction rates, or when offi- weighted by their relative pnces in the base cialy recognized multiple exchange rates have year. The data often relate only to selected analytcaly significant spreads, or when ex- Prices and Exchange Rates 55 change rates need to be adjusted to a fiscal year ing parallel market exchange rates (Table 3-7) base. The objective in estmating alternative by official exchange rates (Table 3-4), to meas- conversion factors is to approxim as closely ure the premium on the official exchange rate as possible exchange rates actually used. For The premium is usually high in the presence of example, where multiple exchange rates an overvalued exchange rate are maintained, a transaction-weighted rate is calculated. Table 3-9. Real effective exchange rate Note that national statistcal compilers some- mdex. Tis index (, IFS Database) gives a times use an official exchange rate tro assign a measure of price competitiveness of the coun- national currency value to inional trans- try's exports relative to its trading partners. A actions orginally denominated in foreign cur- decline (imcrease) in the index indicates real rencies. In these cases, the official rate must be depreciation (appreciation) of the exchange used to convert the same items back to dollars, rate. The data have been rebased to 1987. That regardless of whether it was the rate actually year, however, coincided with the early period applied to the internatonal tansactions, even of massive devaluations in the process of if an altenative conversion factor is used for adjustment by several Sub-Saharan African other components of GDP. countries. As a result, the substantial devalu- ations that continued to take place after 1987 Table 3-7. Paralel market exchange rate. may not be very pronounced in the data. Rela- Data reported here -are from Pick's Currency tive movements inthe inflation rates between a Yearbooks (now discontinued) and Currey country and the trading partnrs) may dimin- Alerts. They are avenages of month-end rates ishtherealimpactofadevaluationparticularly for the period covered, based on a sample of if inflationary tendencies am -tronger domesti- transactions, usually in a capital city or a finan- cally than abroad. cial center ofthe country. They inrlude the rtes at the Bureaux de Change that have been estab- Figure fished in some countries with auction markets as semi-official foreign exchange windows for The following indicator has been used to derive small tansactions. tie figure in this chapter. Table3-S.lRatioofparallelmarket to official Figure 3-1. Real effective exchange rate exchange rates. This ratio is obtainedby divid- (Table 3-9). 56 Prices ad Exhage Rara Methodology used for regional age ons mad period averages in chapter 3 Aggregatuonsa PoWavegesb Tabk (4) (7J (8) (1) (2) 3.1 x x 3.2 x x 3.3 x x 3.4 x s 35 x x 3.6 x x 3.7 x x 3S x x 3.9 x x Nose Regi boal _ c mmd- dnitnenforSubSabariAica.NouAftim aaIAdAfdca.FbodWavsmgs cslmwinferlastmcobaThisttdsolye _odtdokliosed hems dupe a. Regionalg e I)simpl tdeaI C2) simplWe ofa iriim &i&d by siple tl of scond i (sa anoywvcrp(3) m etaworfipdinpirscazo(4) sinm ctntlofga h iainimAcs dvidedbyssinie n1of fleds oday im ,cato (5)sine tol of fis ga-o main in less simnplemleofmgapp-Mld 031m indI all dvided by simle ta of scmady indicar (6) wipghtd oal (by popDati* (7) nxIan (S OD -a;pfi C9) smpkibmt = b. Poiadvg( () ardamlic nm(usngsamesneasdwniustle*i raioif ofr te sbw undo. _ * k ifsezoft Abedmnas level wSnfif rsof tisb us gmwnhn);(2) lcusquasgrowtir(uuf iuit (3) kut-sq sgwth mrs (wing mim inmsm um,wihdtrmofttbe in m) -~~~ Money and Banking Monetary varibles direcy afct pices and on money and banking help to assess the pe- exchange rates and indirecdy affect real eco- valing financial conditions of a couny and to nomicpe ance.Moneyplaysavitalrolein arrve at a proper evaluation of the financial any modem economy. Data in this chate policy options open to a country ir achieving cocered with the creation of the types of its maecon c objeives. The government assets that transactors in the economy wish to usualy intervenes in fince toDcontrol the sup- holdfromthe tpes of labilities that debtors are ply of money and credit. The primary objecdve willing to incur. However, emphasis here is on of such intervention is to maintain price stability the creton of the means of payment, that is, However, the govemmentmay also irvene to on the more liquid end of the liquidity spectrmm finane abudget deficithat in tumimaytreaten for assets. price stability. The govement also ensues that Money and the instituions that deal inmoney financiad institutions are properly supervised to provide cover against credit dsks, limit trans- ensueconinuedconfldenceinthefinancialsys- actions costs, help with the mobilization of tem and to avoid dsabiiingruns oebank- savings, allocat credit, and acilitate invest- ing systm. rme seres are pmvided for nie ment and hence growth of the economy. Data indicators in this section. 57 58 Moneyand Banking 4-1. Domestic credit Average annual Levd Percenaganmchne p gegr 1980 1980 19M 1986 1917 1983 1989 IWO 1991 1992 1993 -S-79 R-S 864SM SUS ::A::=. - 1: 14A .::14=-:-10: 11- 13 1 10 11 - -27 - 1 aL2Ahia&'.i-a-a: - :13' :: 14 --: 14:: 9- 10- - 13 1- :$-:10 -: .:1 6 2 ::=7: 19 7 . Aqak ~~~~ ~~~~--- -------- Dain 69,816 49 15 -7 -3 5 -30 11 -30 4 -26 22 21 -t1 BDomna 6 -27 223 138 54 29 23 28 0 14 10 -34 110 - BlkinaFuo 57,717 3 7 1 4 12 25 2 -10 -15 -6 53 S I Brndli 13,106 20 12 -4 4 19 -1 16 - - - 23 17 7 Causer 361,710 27 14 19 -20 21 9 -2 21 -34 -3 26 20 0 Capcverde 1,125 39 22 22 14 9 21 IS 27 17 - 34 29 17 CesmI AhicaRcpubIc 36353 33 11 2 -9 0 6 1 13 -13 0 7 10 0 OaS 43,384 -4 23 23 -5 42 -11 -22 35 11 -15 1s 4 -2 Cemas - - -31 3 9 2S 23 18 11 8 - _ - 16 Cton 76,75S 16 11 -4 4 3 14 -4 3 4 -32 1S 24 -4 C8tcdlvdei 844.370 23 -2 3 2 5 -6 -5 0 2 -3 29 12 -4 DjIboul_ - -_ 13 14 -7 3 3 -2 3 3 - - - 2 ;q=MbGui zn - 14 413 4 3 -7 103 40 -34 _ - 6 E*liia 27 18 9 10 11 it 13 19 10 14 6 30 1 12 Gabo 177,636 II 33 21 6 -10 4 -14 3 -7 1 34 11 -2 Gnmbia:lbe 196 23 26 -29 -47 17 -10 461 - _ - 34 23 -27 *ga 9,494 23 60 53 72 -5 24 4 82 45 52 47 4U 33 GUise - - - - 11 - - - - - - - - GuiPsn-isaam - - 33 96 55 71 131 66 7 21 31 _ - 57 Keys 16,230 13 12 28 20 7 4 22 17 17 -11 24 15 13 Lesotho 5 _ - 31 29 24 40 20 -12 -6 -51 -74 - 22 -S *ibera 284 19 15 3 16 25 15 - - 14 11 24 14 - MUdaasa 340,636 SO 12 14 23 3 -3 6 12 23 16 23 23 10 M.:su 333 12 13 22 1 46 39 3 21 65 14 30 Is 13 Mali 137,936 5 14 14 -6 -26 8 -17 -3 2 12 14 -1 -6 Mauitia 11,711 13 3 6 10 6 62 11 30 0 7 31 13 15 maurtiwa 4,435 14 9 9 6 17 12 16 25 19 25 34 18 16 Nan _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 91 29 - - - Niger 84.164 45 -2 5 -11 0 -5 -4 -10 -4 -17 33 14 -6 NWu 10,553 24 5 14 11 26 -10 34 15 - _ 70 26 14 Rwanda 3,41 12 23 6 23 23 19 16 -15 33 23 -6 36 14 SaoTo andPincipc - - 40 231 1S 0 - - - - - - - - Senqgda 301.701 16 9 0 3 7 -3 -9 -2 -1 -2 24 14 -2 Sekyes 190 12 19 13 6 25 23 11 10 11 25 27 14 15 Sienlnme 413 35 49 69 50 54 59 37 57 45 2 33 32 39 Somalia 3,880 31 20 21 143 48 94 - - - - 26 24 - SmbAiea 19,433 23 21 4 16 33 33 19 - _ - 11 20 22 Sudan 1955 34 47 35 42 17 21 123 56 156 6 31 21 59 Swazibad 37 0 11 17 -6 -3 -30 40 -6 6S 109 15- 32 -6 Tazni I,246 24 33 10 . S4 37 _ - - - 31 26 22 - Top 71512 13 4 49 1 5 -22 14 10 4 2 34 1 2 Uganda 211 64 IS 34 . -_ - - - - _ 23 61 - Zaire 0 22 10 3l 64 16 134 341 1,404 2,362 1,643 42 43 414 Zambia 1,363 17 19 38 21 36 59 24 233 _ - 31 IS 50 Zimbabwe 645 - 12 3 23 13 31 21 27 44 6 - 25 24 NOICI ICA. .13.. ;.:.:15': '. -~. .' _' r ': -= :.: S. 24 .. IS~ 7, -.ie - lB la~ X....:. Algeria IDI,540 17 12 11 9 12 3 13 17 32 I1 2B 21 14 Egypt,MAblbRpubic 14,065 42 19 19 17 20 25 26 3 4 7 31 24 17 Ubya 1,215 -41 3 -9 6 11 83 7 5 6 - 40 13 17 Mowcco 31215 I3 15 13 7 9 10 2 33 10 7 21 16 9 T_isi 1.573 19 16 3 9 4 24 6 a 11 5 17 22 10 AM 1 14 -I I .-. - -. lNabLed hr flUamsiane . i. .1nb. tfne. d onqcy Gnapdata - mdlii dh i numym aten eehbyworpni Money ndBawking 59 4-2. Credit to the private sector Averaannal Leve Pecenagnnachwe pecenage growth is inn 198S 19is J98 nu 1 i19 mi *m *9 7vs- D- uw SUB,SHARMNRC .. 17-1- '3 1. 1::.S 4 1 tr z ~ , 3.t -1 An1 - 4 9 :-. 13 1 : 6 2 4 Benin B,DW 3}4 24 -9 -6 10 -25 -16 20 -2 25 14 10 Bul5ma 93 10 11 20 20 23 36 52 43 36 12 16 IS 33 BDd=Faso 60.236 4 23 S 6 12 13 4 -23 -12 -9 32 8 0 BDirdi 6414 14 5 29 2 34 31 37 _ _ 25 0 25 Cmear 416.i3 29 9 12 3 -1 -I I a -55 4 31 18 -10 CapeVede Su6 -14 47 2 24 -30 29 20 15 20 25 26 10 C am dAii RqmbIic 23.46S so 14 -9 -4 -5 S -4 -9 -37 4 12 -g Chad 37.479 -2 41 IS -1 -53 -7 -3 12 -4 -31 13 3 -14 caoacs - - 46 17 19 44 - 43 7 3 _ _ _ 1S CaMP 5596 23 11 1 -4 -43 5 6 3 -1 -46 iS 30 41 Mei:dlvoire 876340 12 -2 1 3 -1 -4 -3 -I -1 -S 29 5 -2 D-pbali - - 13 a 0 2 4 -5 -3 -4 _ _ _ 0 psuia Giea _ - 28 -10 -2 6 1 53 -36 -75 -6 Ethiopia 239 -30 3 0 33 -25 i 5 1 52 116 0 1 11 Gabon 142,536 16 20 11 -13 -35 9 1 7 -23 -3 22 16 -3 Gt ajI 99 19 34 -9 -4 13 12 16 14 -24 59 34 16- 7 Ghm 940 18 78 74 27 40 151 14 -6 56 35 2S 55 42 Gdaia - - - - 119 - - - -- - - Gixa-Biss _ 122 1254 72 90 121 45 1S -2 63 - - 79 Keya 11,759 20 15 16 6 16 17 12 22 31 5 23 11 16 LsCMbo 21 -10 3D 1 25 29 13 20 34 16 59 24 27 24 libeia S9 -39 2 -4 21 -17 65 - - 53 12 16 -S _ dap- 163693 26 17 15 17 4 10 23 12 6 IS 13 20 13 Malawi 14 8 -7 11 -13 23 46 35 28 34 -12 2a 5 23 Mu1i S1.92 3 I3 19 4 -26 20 0 2 7 3 14 0 0 Maurtania 10.31 13 11 5 10 9 S1 13 11 2 3 21 11 -15 Mauddu 1.331 9 35 1S 29 27 21 20 17 23 28 24 17 23 Nmlbia _ _ _ _ _ 17 30 30 _ _ Nizer 90.670 20 -7 13 -6 -1 -16 4 -9 -4 40 27 5 -7 Nigeda 6a146 33 9 32 8 19 10 16 26 - - 37 16 216 Run& 6.207 46 31 0 1 21 8 -17 47 26 17 26 13 2 SRoTanTandlPMidpe - - 16 48 45 18 - _ _ _ - _ _ Senegal 269A6S3 16 6 -4 3 8 2 -7 -4 5 2 21 9 I Seychdes 160 3 -13 -13 -2 9 32 8 9 5 10 23 -6 9 SiamLaone 91 23 22 216 44 95 125 19 154 23 44 13 10 73 Soaia 426 -5 8 2 355 59 203 - - - - -11 55 _ Sob Afiica 16,115 29 17 6 16 35 -S 16 _ - - 11 25 23 SUba 526 14 21 27 51 20 23 49 33 90 69 23 23 48 SwIland 93 is 2 4 25 28 29 39 40 3 9 22 11 25 Tanania 1.137 11 74 22 99 37 - _ - - 29 12 13 - Tap 65S926 13 -1 29 7 4 -4 4 12 -2 -4 29 3 4 Uganda 49 85 174 103 . - - _ - - - 14 60 - Zaie 0 32 24 92 126 62 74 77 744 4.696 1,839 31 40 293 Zambia 509 5 11 44 31 77 101 58 59 - _ 7 20 63 Zimbabwe 107 -9 2 12 40 43 37 28 70 42 7 - 42 38 Algda 6,530. 14 12 1 2 6 9 18 32 -61 -11 22 21 -2 Eppt.AzbReublic 2.174 -9 22 27 1S 16 13 20 1 25 19 31 31 16 libya IJ45 7 -6 0 19 -4 6 2 4 7 - 17 23 4 MOROCCO 12449 13 16 - - - - - - - - 16 16 - Tunisia 1.354 22 Is 3 8 6 27 S 9 14 7 16 22 11 ALLAFRICA .. l4 5s 15 ID. 13 18 :14- 6 7 - *f22 * *I16- K flaw Daacludeskmeubrtbdd iud-a Lewkfm19W mapee_ «amIUnaE o!b taioS my. Gupdaanediumdh divacoayvnbutbr eaywarpuiad 60 MonyandBanking 4-3. Credit to the government Aveage anal Levd - Perentg al chaw pectage grFh 1980 sD isleS *986I 1987 1988 1989 1990 9I9I 1W2 1993 7579 N 80 586 S WD4A ERE I3 :3t l2 5 . - 7 --: - - - 18- 3- - -8: - --. f 36-=-- 21 14 . S. A & . 21 .13 .' 10 4 -:7 .. Rain -15.14 -9 -a 4 50 4 -141 -511 -17 -172 -30S _ 0 Bs=a -92 17 74 93 43 29 30 31 7 19 11 _ _ - Bu aFaso -3,3110 46 195 Z7 49 11 2 6 -52 0 -22 _ BemnE 4,630 25 12 4 5 I -3D -25 - - - 17 29 41 Caema -47.903 42 -4 442 -4.553 - - 73 -675 79 8 -4 - 63 CapeYcVe 26 -63 -31 145 13 1 34 21 96 35 - - 39 38 CatzalfuicanRqxflic 1239 11 5 24 -12 IS -7 -21 112 Is 2 12 6 6 Cad 11.405 0 -79 291 -44 -135 -374 -419 -962 399 15 17 -21 34 Comam - - 17 -17 -11 -26 1SC -24 25 23 _ - - 12 Cop 20,759 2 -1 -2D -14 315 67 -11 7 36 -4 26 1 32 Cacd%v,e -54,690 -52 -6 10 47 49 -13 41 6 70 2 - 45 6 Dj-ibe- . 14 -36 Q2 -1 I -15 -4 -132 - -_ - Equtaflcim - - - -6 -l1 8 -6 -29 296 19 -10 _ - 14 Ethiopia 1,146 is 8 9 2 12 21 33 16 16 -10 64 21 IS Gabon 350D5 -3 -17 273 147 30 -3 -39 -9 75 7 0 -16 22 Gunbia,lbe 25 -43 42 -106 63B -2 -24 251 61 -112 _ 63 33 - Chmao 6,511 33 23 59 105 -6 -26 9 165 44 63 58 50 34 Cluoc - - . -7 - - - ._ - - - - - rGj,,_an - - 17 24 19 11 219 116 -2 4U 11 - - 3 Kenya 3,9sY 9 8 50 23 - 411 44 7 -6 -51 25 20 4 k _27 - 41 61 28 39 23 -32 -50 -238 235 - 19 7 Ibbeia ist 63 22 10 20 31 12 - - 10 13 49 27 _ hMai . 176943 81 7 13 29 2 -14 -20 11 68 16 69 25 7 Muawi 92 31 23 34 5 -33 2 -34 -22 300 31 25 32 4 Mai 55.945 2 7 2 -9 -26 -18 -77 810 -344 -256 14 -3 -35 Maritmia 1,630 13 -24 11 10 -4 Il d 5 -6 25 2 21 17 Mmaitiua 2,554 13 -7 1 -17 2 -5 4 49 10 20 47 19 6 nibia - _ - - _ _ _ - 63 -236 32 - - - Niacr -7,492 -59 20 -23 -41 14 8B 3 -13 -S -40 - is -1 Nieila 3.539 7 3 3 12 30 -27 55 4 - _ 83 39 10 Rwate -3.034 109 -5 51 140 24 33 62 -5 46 27 -51 -6 41 SIoTOIZaRand PiDpe - - 83 18 9 -25 - - - - _ - - - Sand 21.673 53 1S 2 -S 4 -16 -15 2 -25 -23 83 43 -10 Scychel 19 52 131 26 3 21 22 13 8 IS 26 4 59 17 SiwaLae 311 37 51 57 53 4 6 46 44 31 -38 -44 48 37 23 Sunala 1.902 54 24 12 135 41 -30 - . _ 106 23 - Sogh vAi 3,319 1 307 -n 9 -31 -64 621 _ - 9 43 -6 Suln 1,141 66 40 38 46 5 16 252 62 179 69 41 19 71 SwAzflnd -61 2' -215 246 -175 231 148 31 104 -3 -6 - - - T,aisa O1B99 37 31 3 3 42 - _ . - 18 36 25 - Tqp 4.530 14 -761 -259 -79 73 -702 -54 51 45 -60 46 46 -40 Ugand 151 59 122 34 _ - - - - - 25 56 - z-air 0 19 4 75 37 277 154 396 1,399 294 1,629 49 43 442 Zmbia 1,354 23 23 35 16 13 22 -2S 795 - - 75 17 36 Zimbabwe 367 _ -16 0 94 -3 27 43 -31 114 -47 - 3 21 NORU1SAFRICA7m XF-;3 ft.f f'lff--5 -'°.5.; .-f E.i .,f. --- - .--- -. 7 Algeria 33,010 24 13 32 22 20 7 6 -5 35 143 50 21 19 EgyptAmbRfcpbc 8.24B 14 16 14 20 24- 30 26 4 5 -7 32 16 17 libya 70 -93 I1 -21 -19 S4 219 10 6 5 . 47 25 32 Morocco 18.766 21 14 12 6. 8 10 -4 3 8 5 25 16 5 1uz~a 219 2 23 13 IS -6 6 13 6 -13 -14 29 18 3 ALL .AFR1CA.fffi- s.6s. : - v . - Algei 84.434 17 IS 12 1 9 13 _l g 20 16 24 20 9 E4pL, Amb Reqabl 6.775 S6 14 Is 9 14 13 9 17 a 9 24 21 12 libya 2,899 29 -6 29 -13 13 -12 17 26 -4 16 25 4 6 Msweea 25,312 a a 16 17 9 14 la is 14 -22 17 10 10 Tunisi 9S1 21 7 13 3 1 17 1 6 1 7 14 is 5 ff f s f -'- -' f f :e_2f 0:.-2 s- ffft-l> s>fff- f *,§ X- fl3OfS-.A NOMs GxFl9 0o: 1ef ate d e inz s z y ss d MoneyandBankhig 63 4-6. Discount rate Percenae Annalavra nn IuW n9x na 1u7 1980 1989 19M 9 I9 1992 1 99 1 I -9 seas u&c SURSU1A~RANAPE]C&A -3.° 1.- .- - ''IC - . 35 - 95 11. l11.0 11.0-ID=-^ =. -236fft.6 93g :10. =d tAfiiakNiSie,,i.'...8 105 I.t05; ' 3-a- ss 95 TI=.0: >11.0= 11.0. --:5 t. 1:. lil>-g Angla - - - _ _-_-_ -_ ... _ .... RaTio 105 105 105 35 8.5 95 11.0 110 t1 12.5 _8.0 10. 10.3 Bo4vwana.- - - - - - - - - - BidnaFaso 105 105 10.5 5 85 9.5 11.0 11.0 11.0 125 8.0 10.8 10.3 Bumodi 7.0 7.0 7.0 S 7. 7.0 - _ - - 5.8 7.0 63 Caauc. 8.5 9.0 8.0 8.0 9.5 10.0 11.0 108 - _ 6.7 LA 95 Cape ver__ - - - _ _ _ _ _ CaIali Afik=Rqllbc 85 85 YD 8N0 8 95 10.0 ID 103 - _ 6.7 8. 95 Chad 85 9.0 9.0 8D 8. 95 IO Il0 10.3 - _ 67 8as 95 Comaocs - 10.0 10.0 10.0 85 85 - _ _ _ _ 10.0 9.0 Ceo .3 £3 9P 8D0 8.0 9.5 10.0 11. 103 _ -. i . 9t5 Citdlvaoir 105 105 105 S5 S.5 95 110 11.0 11.0 125 _ Ui 108 10.3 D-pbouLi _ _ _ _ Eql uialoGuine - - 9.0 8.0 SO 95 10.0 11.0 103 _ _ _. 9.0 95 Ethiopia - - 6.0 6. 3.0 3A 3.0 3.0 3.0 5.3 6D 33 Gabon u85 8.5 9.0 8.0 8.0 9.5 10.0 11.0 10.8 12. - &7 8.6 9.9 Gambia, The 8.0 95 1S. 20.0 21.0 19.0 15.0 16.5 155 175 - 6.0 102 17.1 Cham 135 ito IS 205 235 26.0 26.0 33.0 20.0 30. - 102 ISS 25.6% Gi_m_B_sau _ - _ 42.0 42.0 455 - - _ 432 Kenya 8.0 12.5 125 12 125 16.0 165 19.4 203 20.5 455 7.1 t2.6 20.4 Lesano S. 15.0 12.0 95 9.0 155 17.0 15.8 18.0 15.0 _- 11.3 143 Laberia - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Malagae 55 3.0 115 115 11.5 115 - _ _ - - 55 10.6 115 a&ai 10.0 10.0 11.0 I1. 14.0 11.0 11.0 14.0 13. 20.0 - 7. 10;2 13A Mali 105 105 105 35 85 95 ILO 11. 11. 125 - 3.0 103. 103 Naurihaia 6.0 6.0 65 65 65 65 76 7.0 7. 7.0 79 5.0 6.1 63 anusitias 105 11.0 II. 1. 10.0 10.0 D 12.0 1 11.3 3.3 7J7 113 10.7 Mozambique - - - - - - - - - -- - - Namiba - - _ _ _ _20_5 16.5 - _ 1_5 Nir 103 10M5 10.5 85 85 35 II 11.0 11.0 125 _ 8.0 10.8 10.1 Nigeria 6.0 10.0 10. IO 12.8 12B IS5 18.5 155 17.5 _ 42 8.0 15.1 Rwanda 9.0 9.0 90 9.0 9.9 90 9.0 14.0 14.0 11.0 5.8 9.0 10.7 SEo Tmu6amdPzipe - - - - - - - - - - -_ - - Senepl 105 105 105 85 LS 9.5 11.0 11. 11 .0175 _ 8.0 105 10.3 Scybdlcs . - 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 95 95 9.5 _ - 6.0 75 SieaLe 10 14.0 14.0 16.0 16.0 16.0 16.0 55.0 - 7.6 13.0 23.3 Somalia 40 8.0 12.0 1720 12.0 45D0 45.0 - - 3.6 7.7 275 Sot Africa _ . . So"a - - -- - Said 7.0 19.0 125 9.5 90 11.0 12.0 12.0 13.0 12.0 _ 8.4 13.1 112 Tanmnia 4.8 4D 4.3 65 11.3 12.7 15.2 - - - - 4.8 42 IIA Toeg 103 105 10.5 S5 85 9.5 11.0 11.0 11.0 12 - 8A B 105 '03 Ug;mda 8.0 24.0 24.0 36.0 31.0 45.0 5S.0 50.0 460 41.0 _ - 15.4 43.4 Zaire 1.0 2D0 26.0 26.0 29.0 37.0 50.0 45.0 55.0 55.0 _ 12.0 173 42.4 Zambia 65 14.5 25.0 30.0 15.A 150 - - - 47.0 - 5.7 11.8 26.8 Zimbabwe 4.5 9.0 9.0 9.0 9.2 9.0 9.0 10.3 20.0 - - 45 83 II1 NOR3II2AFRICA -. Ii .0 ...~~~~~~~~~~ 13.0 ~ ~ ~ ~ . 14.0 .. . . 7.0 12.5 .13A4 Algeria - - - - 3. - - S .u - . - - - E4lJ,AI2bRqNubBc 11.0 13 U 13.0 13.0 13.0 13.0 14.0 t _ _ 7.0 12.5 13.4 Mm - - - - - - - - . Na Grp doup dmesofnlWdmn smyn hmmnei hyw orpuiad. 64 Money and B-ming 4-7. Real discount rate perceflae kumwdamvm 1m tat J1S im - Ia 7D IM IN1 1992 1993 7S;1f Mu SJ6A S S M A A ~. .. ,, , ,, , - . .,,, . - BudduaFec 43 5.4 3.4 11.A 113 52 11. 11.9 33 16.3 -23 231 10.6 Burmdi ~4.4 -6A4 3.1 33 -0.1 2.4 - - - - --9.6 -0.6 is c.n.n. -1.0 -23 -2.3 0.2 -4.3 153 4.3 9.1 - -. -42 -331 531 Cape q_Vc - = - - - - - - - _ _ - - Cm= fiAicaaFRqubic - 5* -1.3 5.6 16.1 14.0 9.2 11.0 13.9 - - -1.3 Ili Cad - -9A 37 242 149 -52 15.6 103 6.4 _ _ _ -2.3 ILl COW. lI -42 32 55 6.3 43 6.1 16.6 1.5 .. -4.1 -1. 6.7 C8ICdtoc -3.6 64 35 1.6 115 23 93 119 9.1 13 _ -6* 3.6 6A EqumdiaGui -6 - 31,4 24.0 7.0 3.9 9_ 14.4 - 151 Edapia -11.0 17- 5.6 -3.2 -435 -2.0 -243 4* -23 Gum -3.4 2- 25.1 -17.5 9.0 20.0 33 3-0 10.4 233 -7 - 5.6 7. GambA, 1 -10_ 3 -2 S -3.4 -1.0 65 62 33 6. 73 - _6_ -1.3 0.7 Gua -24.4 -15. 7.4 -33 41.7 -421 0.6 -331 115 13 - -3IJ -22.6 102 Cakeic - - - - - - - - - -- Gubina-issm - - - - - .. - 619 -9.9 -142 - . . -5* Kaja -531 20 -A 73 3 45 3 43 3.1 313 0 -7.0 - -6.0 -0I 23 LahS, -6.6 3.6 -12 -7.2 -2 3.6 2.0 37 03 -3 B .6 -03 Djbwt - - - - - - - -- - - Ma -0.3 29 09 -6 -30 -12.1 - 4 3 -7.4 -5.9 Maawi - -_A OA -2.7 -5 -173 -13 20D 0.3 -22 - -23 _4.3 MaI1 - N3 - - - - 1162 103 9_0 200 - -1 1 Mamiia-2 - 7 -09 -1.5 5-1 -53 0OA 13 -2.9 - -2.6 *02 MamiSus -2.02 3.4 4D 92 9.4 0* -06 -3 4.0 35 . -3 -19 3.6 M=_Mab - 3. - - -2 36 - - _ _ - - Naulbia - - .. - - - - - 7.7 -LU - - - 3.3 N*cr 0.2 2.0 11_ 5 12 163 10. 142 119 20.4 17_ -5.4 23 1437 NMg5i -3.6 -212 24 4.1 13 -27.0 -212 10.4 2_2 -13 -13.6 -7.3 -759 Itwu,d 1.6 3.4 731 102 4J7 5.3 73 9.4 437 13 .. 3. 2.3 5.0 S&TolutdRriodp - - - - - -17 - - - - - - - Smegl 1.6 -u -2 2.2 13.2 113 103g 10.6 13.0 12.6 -22 0.4 103 Seychelles - 1.3 531 S.3 33 4.1 4.4 5.4 7.3 631 ... 1.9 5.2 Sierra Tat -0.- -31.6 -35.4 -359 -582 413 -23.7 -263 - - -7 -202 -32.3 Saba -34.5 435-22 3A 4 -17. -1.6 -203 - - - - 402 -1J -26V 316, SwawiId -93 5.4 .6. -3.7 -3.9 -12 3.4 03 2_ 33 - -3. -21 013 TNqfia -19.6 -23.6 -21.8 -19.6 4143 -4.1 -3.5 - - - _ -6* -1.9 -14.1 Toga -1.6 143 12. 42 34 937 19 9.9 10.6 -3.1 3.3 9A Uganla - -13.1 -5122 479 -513 -11.0 .0o 12.7 14. -7.5 - -2904 -20.0 ZaSi -23.6 -212 1.3 443 -322 -25.0 -2U5 -2065 _931 -963 2 -343 -1.0 433 Zambia -46 -4.6 -. -14.4 -19.6 -26.1 - - - -50.6 -73 -631 -2737 ZSilbbwe -09 -9.3 05. * 46 3 -3.1 1.5 -3.4 -09 -2D7 - -2-53 4.4 -33 Tlc -1. -2. -21 -1 -14 -1.-S _ -19 -1. EglAabRepubic _O -3.4 0-. -79 -5.6 -4L0 -60 -2.4 1 - _ _ -3.4-2 -73. lAbya - - 1 - - - - * - - _ - - - 2Mbi 46'-46 -9 -4 -1. -2. _ _ _ -5. _ -7. . -27. TZaima 4* .. 05 4.7 -3. 15 -3A 1- -7 _,~ -~.. - _-S -4A -. Egypt,~ .li ..'i 8,0 -3. OS 8 - 5. :-4D~- 40 -2. _ . .3A -.. - -2 -5 Tmaisa _ _ _ _ _ _ _ l _ _ _it _7.__ Nowee: d&wamiaobewitho rid6ountdde_yw=Whe_-ibC Money and Banking 65 4-8. Commercial bank lending rate Percentag Aewu awerag 11950 184 1 19 195J 1 19 195 l uhF 1990 191" 11192 1993 7.5-79 5-0- 56MR SUB-SAHAERANAFRICA. 20 15 J5 1S 3 36 5. 1. 6 1. 801. 3 1.5.3 Dad. 145 145~ ~~~~ ~~14 45 35 135 3 51 1. 60 1. .1. 43 1. Benin Po14-5 145 14.. 13.5 13.5 13.6 15.1 16.0 16.1 16.3 - 12.0 14. 14.9 Ekhnndi 12.0 1258 12.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 - - .. . .. 12.0 12.0 12.0 Caes.'M 13J) 145 14.5 13.5 13.0 13.5 15.0 15.13 162 - - 10.3 13.3 14.5 Cape Verdc 65 65 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 lOS 6.5 7.1 10.0 CatIraAfhica Republic 10-5 12 12.5 12.0 11A 12. 13A0 1331 162 - -9.0 12.0 13.0 Chad 11.0 115 115 11.0 10.5 101 11.5 12. 1612 - 95S 11.3 12.0 Canoe - 1~~~~~~~~~15.0 5I0 15.0 13.0 13.0 - .. - .. - 15.0 13.7 Cage 11.0 12.0 12.0 11,5 11.1 111 12.5 13-5 16.2 - - 11.0 11-5 12.5 C&e dlvoir 14.5 145 14.5 13.5 13.5 13.6 15.1 16.0 16.0 1619 - 12.0 14.3 1439 Dj-ibauti - - .. - - - - - .. - - .. - - Eq.iadal Guinca. . 15.0 14.5 13.0 15.5 15.5 16.0 16.0 - .. - 15.0 Isa1 Effiopia LS- 3 7.3 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 3. 14.0 - 25 7.4 Gabmn 12.5 13.0 12.7 11.5 11li 11.3 12-5 125 16.0 12-5 - 9.5 12.7 12.6 Gambia.fThe 15.0 13.0 14.5 23.0 27.9 29.5 26. 265 26.5 2618 26.1 15.0 1639 V.3 (haLM 19.0 21.2 21.2 20.0 25 25.6 - -19.0 19.7 23.7 Gainm - - - - - -- - - Gmidea-BiSSI - - - 18.0 13.0 30.0 38.3 4519 47.0 50.3 63.6 - - 389 Kcmya 10.6 14.4 14.0 14.0 14.0 15.0 17.3 131 20.0 22.3 33.6 10.0 T136 20.0 Lewtho 11.0 17.6 19.7 13A4 11.1 13.7 18.8 20.4 20.0 13.3 15.3 - 159 16.4 Libedra 13.4 20.6 19.3 14.5 13.6 13.4 13.8 - - .. . - 19.8 13.8 Mad-agaa 9-5 195 16.2 14.5 - - - - - - - 95 15. 145 Malawi 16.7 365 18.4 19.0 19.5 22.3 23.0 21.0 20.0 22.0 295S - 1739 22.0 Mali 145 145 145 135 135 13.6 15.1 16.0 16.0 161 - 12.0 14.8 143l faurkania 12.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 30.0 - - 12.0 1039 Maxitius - 13.3 1318 14.3 14.1 15.0 16.1 18.0 17.3 17.1 16.6 - 13.5 16.1 M-aznMque - - - - - - - -- - - Naulbia - - .. - - - - - 23.4 202 IrsA 20S5 Niger 14.5 14-5 145 US- 13.5 13.6 15.1 16.0 16.0 15.3 .. !2A 1439 1439 Nigeuia 3.4 10.2 9.4 10.0 14.0 16.6 20.A 25.3 20.0 24.8 31.7 6.7 9.4 20.3 RvuAna 135 135 133 14.0 13.0 17.0 12.0 13.2 1 9.0 16.7 15.0 12.3 13.6 14.4 Sin Toole ad Principe - - - .. - - - - - - -- . Senegal 145 145 145 13.5 13.5 13.6 15.1 16.0 16.0 16.8 - 12.0 14.8 14.9 Seychells - 13.2 13.0 1310 13.0 13.0 13.0 13.0 13.0 13.0 - .. 12.6 13.0 SianLeone 11.0 13.0 17.0 17.2 23.5 23.0 29.7 525 .. 62.1 - 10.1 15.5 365 Somalia 7-5 12.0 19.0 20.6 22.0 33.7 - - .. . - 7.1 12.0 25.4 Sontl Afiica 9.5 22.3 215 14.3 12. 15.3 19.8 21.0 20.3 18.9 16.2 117 17.2 17.3 Simdan . - - - .. . - - - - - .. - - Swazilan 9.5 22.0 17.0 12. 11.9 15.0 14.5 14.5 16.3 15.0 14.0 10.3 16.3 14.2 Taunnia 115s 1320 12.3 125 27.5 29.6 31.0 - - - 31.0 9.0 12.3 27.5 TOgM 14.5 145S 145 13.5 13.5 14.5 16.0 16.0 16.0 173 - 12.0 14.3 15.3 Uganda 10.8 219 24.0 33.3 34.7 35.0 40.0 33.7 34.4 .. - .. 16.6 36.0 Zambia 9.5 14.5 13.6 27.4 21.2 ISA4 18.4 35.1 - 54-6 113.3 3.2 12.4 41.2 Zimbabwe 175 23.0 17.2 13.0 13.0 13.0 13. 11.7 15-5 - 36.3 17-5 20.7 16.5 Algeria - - . . . .. Egype,,Arab Republic 13.3 15.0 15.0 15.0 16.3 17.0 13.3 19.0 - . - . 14.7 17.1 Lib!ya 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.0 - - . .. -7.0 7.0 7.0 Morcxco 7.0 7.0 7.3 8.5 9.0 9.0 9.0 9.0 9.0 -. -7.0 7.1 9.0 Tunisia 7.3 85 9.6 92 11.1 93 .9. - - - 7.3 8.4 10.0 Al RICA : - lii 145- ~~~~~~145 .6. 135..13... 18.0. 19~13 : 5a3: Noa Qupd&IaayewamSlutJadlwmI muyvhaa in cub yearspaled. 66 MoneyandBanking 4-9. Commercial bank deposit rate Percentage Amnualaverage 198110 18t 1985 195 19J7 98 19 199 1991 1992 1993 754.9 M05 56SM SUB-SAHARAN ARIC&- 62 7.6--.0 ' 7 - 73- SD - 7 84- 9.3115A Is53 IA 5 Acing f'ia 62-M'= 75J- 7.7' 0- '--7.1.1',:, 7 7B''.6 -7 '73- -O , 9.0 -1- 3 £7 7 : 3 aL&S.A- "im&l4i 6.2 75 , - . -7, 7.1 7.4 73 . .79' =' 115 59 -73 .2 Benin 6.2 73 73 6.1 53 53 64 7.0 7D 73 - 6.0 7.0 64 BOlWawmna 5.0 10.0 9.0 3.7 7.5 SD 5.6 6.1 11A 12.5 135 - 92 33 BuFdnaFaso 62 73 73 6.1 53 53 6.4 7.0 7.0 73 . 6.0 7.0 64 Burundi 2t5 4.5 45 6.0 53 4. . - ' - - 2.5 43 5.1 Canon 7.5 75 73 74 7] 72 75 80.0 - - 63S 75 7.5 CapcVade - _ 4.0 4. 4.0 4.0 43 4. 4.0 4.0 4. - 43 4.0 CentalAicalfqeiblic 53 75 75 7.4 72 7.4 75 75 75 .. _ 43 72 74 Clod 53 55 55 535 53 43 43 43 7.5 _ 4.6 35 52 Caio - 7.5 75 75 65 65 - - - _ _ - 75 6. Cogp 65S 733 73 &I 739 73 &O 73 73 5.6 7.1 79 CC dIYOhl 62 73- 73 6.1 53 53 6.4 7D 7D 7.* 6. 2. 6.4 Djimo_d - _ - _. - - - 30 26 - - 23 EquaoxlGuina _ - 7.5 S5 63 6.5 65 65 75 - - - 75 6.9 Ethiopia _ 6.0 6A 63 6.7 6.7 2.4 LA 36 113 - 60 5.6 Gabon 75 7.5 7.7 UD 7.9 82 US UJ 8U 3 - 7.0 75 8.4 Gaubia.71e s5 9D 93S 16.1 153 15D0 12.9 113 12.7 133 13.0 5.0 52 132 rIS 115 15.0 15S 173 17.6 165 - - 213 163 236 115 128 13.7 CibeaBissa 23.0 280 32.7 360 393 53.9 _ - 355 Knya 53 113S 113 11i3 103 103 12.0 13.7 - . - 5.1 105 113 Lcsslho - _ _ IA 4 l0 7.0 9.6 I 13D 13.0 10.6 &I _ 10.3 105 libai 103 93S 9.3 73 S.9 5 63 S - 102 63 Madagscar 5.6 123 123 115 115 1135 - _ _ _ 55 9.7 115 Mulawi 7S 11 1MS 12. 143 135 12S 12.1 123 165 21.8 _ 103 14S Mali 62 7.3 7.3 6.1 5.3 53 6.4 7.0 73 73 - 6D0 7.D 6.4 Maitania 5.5 72 6.6 6.0 6.0 50D SD 53 SD - - 5.3 55 Maumku _ 103 95 95 9A4 1.0 11.1 12!6 123 10.1 8.4 - 10.4 104 Moziez - - - - - - - - - - - Nam'bia - - - - - - - 12.8 IIA 9.6 _ 112 Niger 62 7.3 73 6.1 53 53 6.4 7.0 7.0 7.8 3 6.0 7.0 6.4 NIgnia 53 33 9.1 92 13.1 13.0 :4.7 193S 14.9 138 23.2 3.4 72 15.7 Rwamda 63 63 63 63 i3 63 63 63 S.8 7.7 5.0 2.4 63 6.7 Slo Toa and Principe 3D 3.0 _ _ _ - - - - - - 3D 3n - Snegal 6.2 73 73 6.1 53 53 6.4 7.0 70 73S - 6.0 70 6.A Sdclles - 93 9.6 10.0 IOD 103 9.6 95 9.6 96 95 _ 92 9.7 Sie;mLeme 92 12. 113 142 12.7 163 20.0 405 - 54.7 27. 7.1 10.6 265 Somala 435 S5 14.0 153 163 20.6 25.0 - _ - - 4.0 &I1-93 Souh Afii S5 13.3 17.0 1l. 1.7 13.5 13.1 18.9 173 13.3 115 72 12.6 14.1 Sudan 63 135 - 6 _ _0 _ .. 6.0 104 - Swaziland 45 165 102 SS 43 92 89 1.9 109 9.0 7A 7.0 103 S.1 Tanzania 4.0 4.D 45 8.5 153 175 17.0 _- - - 4.0 4.1 14.7 TogP 62 73 73 6.1 53 53 6A 7.0 7.0 73 - 6.0 7.0 64 Uganb 6.3 16.0 203 233 20.0 215 322 313 312 35. 163 - 11.6 26A Zuke- - - -- - - Znlbia 7.0 77 153 17.7 132 11A IIA 253 _ 4S5 - 5.7 S2 213 Zimbabwe 35 103 10.0 103 96 9.3 39 33 _ - 294 3.6 93 12S 8 NORTHAFRI-A .9 .>5.0: -s6.0fA 7 SS- -.6 73 ? 73 - 10.,1-03 33 -. - 'K8 Algeria - .. _ Egypt.AzbRRqxblic 3.3 11.0 11.0 11.0 11.0 11.0 11.7 12.0 _ _ _ 5.1 10A 113 Libya S.1 55 55 55 55 53 _ _ - _ 4.0 5.4 5.5 Morcco 49 65 8.0 .5 S5 83 33 35 33 _ _ 4.5 6.4 35 Tunisia 25 45 S4 63 7.2 74 - .. _ _- 25 42 7.1 Ncts Gsuip d,ularn mo diudl vi&i mmny dual. 9 ys peod g[FWgW9Xt§K XttiG[E3tSllWt I, IIIuIiri:tiI;iIuli IIfrgIIIIII I rIItt IIIIIII T -s vT w T x l|||||||||||||||m | 11111111I LJ LLL 2LL < LIIC 111 IuIIhEuuhIi Ilm am-.a U!E E55 ii 11111iII'11r* '-'1 1 1l1 llllllllllllll - llllull 1~ ~ ~ ~~ ~ ~~~~- 1-- 1' ' U111211111 | 11111111 1 m I I II 1~ 1 : A1111 11 1111111111111111111111111111111111 III200i000L0;II1 H AS! Money and Bankbg 69 Technil Notes Tables system is presented on a net basis for the same reason as noted above. Movements in net for- Table 4-L Domestic credit. Domestic credit eign assets (that is, foreign assets less foreign (IMF, LFS, ine 32) includes al domestic assets of liabilities) indicate the direct monetary impact the banking systenL It is the sum of the claims of a country's taactions with the rest of the on the central govemment (net), on official entd- world. ties and the private sector Domestic credit is madeupofredittotheprivatesector(Table4-2) Table 4-& Growth of money supply. This and credit to the govenmet fable 4-3). table shows the annual percentage change in money (Ml), defined as the sum of cuency Table 4-2. Credit to the private setor. Credit outside of banks and demand deposits oher to the pnvate sector is taken from IMF, IFS, line than those of the central goverment (IMP, IFS, 32d. lie 34). The presentation of the money supply in the form of growth rates rather than levels Table 4-3. Credit to the vne Credit reflects the iprtance from the point of view to the government sector is taken from line of macroeconomic stability of the rate of 32an of the IMP, IFS. Negative numbers for net grwth rather ta the stock of money. claims on the central government indicate that goverment is a net depositor to the baning Table 4-6. DiSCount rate. The discount rate system. The govenment's financial position reported here is the nominal interest rate at with the monetary system is aiways presented which the monetary authorities lend to (or dis- on a net basis because its recourse to the mone- count eligible paper from) deposit money tay systexr cannot always be analyzed mean- banks (IMP, IFS, hne 60). ingfully in terms of liquidity preferences or by considerig debtor and creditor positions sepa- Table 4-7. Real discount rate. The real dis- rately. Movements in net claims on the central count rate in each year is the nominal discount government (tbat is, claims or credits less gov- rate (Table 4-6) deflated by the annual change ernment deposits) indicate the impact of gov- in inflation as reflected by the consumer price emmnent operations on te liquidity of the rest index (CPI) (Table 3-3). It has been calculated of the economy. using the formula: Table 4-4. Net foreign assets. Data for net { [1+ (CltOO)]/LA41cA_)] -1 }x 100 foreign assets are from the IMP, IFS, line 31. As for credit to the governmentz the financial where iis nominalinterestatead7ckisiinflation position of the foreign sector with the monetary rate based on the CPL 70 Money and Raking Table 4-8. Commercial bank lending rate. Figures The commercial bank lending rate (IMe, IFs, line 60p) is the rate charged to borrowers by The following indicators have been used to commercial banks for short- and medium-term derive the figures in this chapter. use of funds. Figure 4-L Credit to the private sector (Table Table 4-9. Commercial bank deposit rate. 4-2); credit to the public sector (Table 4-3); The deposit rate (aF, IFs, line 601) is the rate gross domestic product (Table 2-5). paid to depositors on time savings and demand deposits by deposit money banks and similar Figre 4-2. Real discount rate (Table 4-7). financial instituions. Methodology used for regional ons and period averages in chapter 4 Aggregamoe PeriodaverP Tabl (k (Si (I) (2) 4.1 x x 4.2 x 4.3 x x 4.4 s x 4.5 x x 4.6 x x 4.7 x x 4.8 x x 4.9 x x Nolt Regiwiat eashrwnwxindr.ows fwSdmSulw Aica. Nith Aflia,mdAJIAfrica Piodarage ae shown in last tints cdomns Th tb shw ony the ndiodologi sd in tis chpu lbs definitiom of drf meodologies eddt dghiat the book g Bien bow. a. Regional a 8 8(1) smp tot(2) Dsimq toal Iof fis indcar diwided by sdmp tool mead inar (sanwucayagc);(3)sim*etcofappfimIcaxn(4)suOpettufMflidmidc&videdbyushnle total of pp-filed s ary indl . () sim tl of fr ppfed aim icr less simle tal of Eap4lld mm imcazn . all dividd by simpe tot of sendu-y iliatmr (6) weigted tot (by popaion) (7) meaux (8) no agsegie C90) simpl aritnnicmean b. Puiodavamges o() a;thuc mrmi (usiug sac seies assbmnin dntabLe, etio if is of tb oshwn as ratio, lEvdeifxsoftitsownsaslevl,gronwdirifressoftable shownasmowiha);2te()ku-sarsgmwhm te (using indicatr); (3) least-squaes growth raec (tigninmEcoin conact Swith hbe 'stofith tie ini cnntes). -~~~ External Sector The external sector provides data on economic provided to, or received from, the rest of the and fmancial relaons between Afican coun- world that carry no provmsion for repayment tries and the rest of the world, with detailed The tables provide gross entries for goods accounting of commodity trade, one of the and serces and net entries for unrequted principal components of the current account transfers (official and private) and other finan- within the balance of payments framework cial flows; a table for current account balance Commodity trade and pnce data can also pro- as traditionally defined (with trasfers above vide a partil basis for analyzing Afica's con- the line) is also shown. The information is straints and performance in the international presented for bmad aggregates; fuller detail market:place,including its terms of trade. Com- can be found in the IWM's Balance of Pay- modity exports are a major source of foreign ments Manul(1993) and Balnce ofPayments exchange. Other sources of foreign exchange Yearbooks. include receiptsfromfactorandnonfactorserv- Unit values for exports (flob.) and imports ices, borrowing from abroad, incoming foreign (cif.) measure changes in the aggregate price investment, and foreign transfers and grants. level of a country's merchandise exports and The balance of payments is a system of ac- imports over ime. Unit values reflect average counts, covering agiven period, that is intended pricechanges forbroad groups of commodities, to record systematically: flows of real re- rather than for any sigle commodity. The sources, including the services of the original terms of trade indicate relative movements in factors of production, between the domestic export and import unit values (here, they are economy of a country and the rest of the world; based on merchandise tade only). If the prices changes in the country's foreign assets and of exports rise while the prices of imports rise liabilities that arise from economic transac- more slowly, stay constant, or decline, the same tions; and transfer payments, which are the quantity of exports "buys" a bigger quantity of counterpartofrealresources orfinancialclaims imports The effect of such pnce changes is 71 72 Eenal Sector equivalent to an increase in the real value of turalpnmarycommoditiesareexportedfroma output (or increased productivity in value few countries with substantial mineral re- terms) of the export sector. Were import sources. Variations in export prices and eam- prices to rise more quidldythan exportprices, ings for the five major oil-exporting countries the reverse would be true. Export figures for inSub-SaharanAfrica(wbichinthel980shave specific commodities show physical quanti- accountedforabouthalfofSub-Saharanexport ties rather than value in either current or eamings)havedominatedtrendsinthisregion constant prices. Most of the key nonagricul- asawhole. end Sector 73 5-1. Merchandise exports, fo.b. ~~ = ~ ~~' ~Aiwage oa Milosf fUSdow (c ptis) perag in. ins Is"s im im 19as loan anm I.S? 75-77 sPas s SUB4MIARAMAPIUCL*. ~. -79,42& .53,233.'153$M:~-43,ll6 54.277: 56X6 S 63,69 66,6: j67A. .63,475 ..2A . 44 4. 133,139. 33,64 36.B 45,56 4 42.4Z,DU : -_ IOB: .45 45 -47,117 24,436 44,075 23771 2S5644 26.761 23,625 .31.037 3062.. 30356 zS I . 3r A.pla - 2,205 2,301 1.346 2,2 Z492 3.014 3,33 3,449 3,33 2,783 _ - _ . BDain 364 224 314 303 363 379 178 237 329 369 332 72 7.9 06 Dobme 545 673 723 32 1.537 1,469 1,320 1,753 1,903 - - 25.7 89 173 gnfkThFX1U 161 141 136 149 230 249 216 272 2s3 230 277 14.4 -19 91 BUimd- 66 33 114 129 98 124 93 73 91 S0 56 22 35 -7-9 Cmana 1,418 2Z0 2,337 Z293 1.721 1,676 U60 1.743 1,921 16 1,537 245 9.1 -3.6 Cqevade 9 7 6 4 3 3 7 6 4 4 - - 0.0 -27 CcftAfiuiaiBqmbic 147 114 131 13 129 134 148 151 126 14 136 193 -W0 0.1 C1ad 71 110 62 99 109 146 155 230 194 199 13D 1.3 -09 11. CGom u 11 7 16 2t 12 21 13 IS 24 21 21 - -24 45 cumo 911 1.26 1,145 673 877 843 1.160 1,339 1,029 1.190 1116 129 12. 4,1 Clflkaire 3,013 2,6 2,761 3,387 2,9 2,91 2697 3,2 2,636 23 2,34 20D2 -L4 47 1iboJ 27 30 32 40 - 144 173 181 177 181 _ _ _ EquMaGain= l - 24 35 31 45 33 38 36 52 5S 6 _ 75 Ehiita 459 449 359 455 -391 331 444 366 276 154 m . LO -04 -9A4 GuN 2,084 2,018 1,951 1074 1.236 1,196 1,626 2,482 24 2297 2J14 31.0 0.2 7.7 Ganbia.fle 43 91 63 65 7S 83 I10 111 143 147 - 0.6 7.1 14.4 fv 1.104 S66 632 773 327 331 107 391 993 936 1,051 8.1 -11.4 5.4 Guia S0 511 - 507 S45 512 596 671 6S7 517 614 4.7 2.5 G ;a-ul - 17 12 10 IS 16 14 19 20 6 19 _ - 25 IaGya 1,263 1,04 943 1,170 909 1.017 926 1,010 .54 t.001 - 13.3 -2.9 02 Lesadme SS 21 22 25 47 64 66 59 67 109 95 24A -IL7 19.7 Libmia m 447 430 403 375 _ _ _ _ _ - 6.1 -52 -67 M*gaac 436 337 291 323 327 234 321 319 333 32S 297 It9 -5.7 05 Mawi 281 312 245 24 273 297 269 412 476 397 311 1M.4 LS 6. Mal 205 192 176 206 256 251 269 338 354 339 340 16.0 1i9 18 Madiazia 196 294 372 419 402 438 448 444 436 414 401 -6.6 143 0.7 Manitins 430 365 441 678 902 I10I 936 1,205 I,2S 1,303 1,304 3.0 .6 125 Mn-biq- 231 96 77 79 97 103 105 126 162 139 132 - -25.4 89 Nvamiia 1,54 814 776 956 I,003 1,010 1.133 1,101 IZ2Z 1,233 - _ -32Z 6.4 Mm13r 576 303 259 332 412 359 311 303 284 275 236 373 -11.8 -3.0 Ni13a 25,929 11.359 13.11 6.015 7,545 6,197 7,370 13,515 122.5 11,791 - 10.9 -9.7 5.1 Rwab 134 143 126 134 121 118 105 103 96 68 63 28A -42 -9.6 SIOTO.a.dPIiSdpe 17 12 7 10 7 10 5 4 6- S S 21.1 -14.7 -75 Scaqmal 422 598 S1S 657 671 679 759 912 903 3Zt 719 01 3.6 5.0 Seydeles 6 S 5 4 8 17 14 28 19 20 22 05 -3.7 24.0 SieraLte 213 133 L32 126 139 104 140 14t 137 145 139 3 -36 15 Smara 133 55 91 95 94 58 63 Ss - - - 9.0 -9.6 -10.0 5lb Afiia 25S69 16,94 16,244 11330 21,033 22.432 22,399 23,313 23,715 2364S Z3,925 16.2 -4.2 4. Sudam 594 722 S9 497 482 436 5S0 443 329 213 - 75 3.0 -10.6 SUad 363 231 177 273 424 466 494 5S4 SOD 6U 625 43 -73 14.7 Ta ia m583 399 323 336 218 386 415 408 394 414 411 7.1 -9.4 3.7 Tep 476 291 282 362 398 435 412 3'S 393 322 221 108 -49 -24 UPUd 319 331 331 312 341 290 246 i93 174 165 133 83 25 -112 7 2,269 1.919 1.353 1.844 1,731 2,171 2,: 2.131 - _ - 9.7 -1-1 4.3 Z7nbia 1,457 893 797 692 352 I.VO, 1,340 1,254 1,172 1IO 949 0.0 -9.4 48 zimbanil 1.445 1,174 1,120 1.323 1.452 LA66 1,694 1.74 1,694 1,514 1.543 3.2 -L9 3.5 Wlitl49AFRICA 99 31716 31,161 22.001 A22461' 272,555 75,968. .35416z 35,712 i31 31.15 36f. :.7;4t:--3A:: 457 Algea 13,652 12.792 13,034 3,065 9,029 7,620 9,534 1964 12,330 I1,SII 1,323 13.5 2.6 2.2 F4 AtbRblc 3.8S4 3.953 3,928 3,7 2,264 3,274 2,94 3.145 3,3 3,636 3,457 15.1 -02 1.0 Ilbya 21.919 11,023 10,353 6.116 6,792 S.653 7,274 11,352 - - - IS1 -9.7 Z4 mcmc 2,414 2,161 2,145 2.410 2,731 3,603 3,312 4.210 4,277 3.96 3,36 1.7 -0.1 3.0 To1ica 2,153 1.776 1,700 1.763 2,101 2,399 2,931 3.SIS 3.696 4,033 3,996 9.9 -13 13.1 ~ U ,.. . . , 74 Externat Sector 5-2. Merchandise imports, f.o.b. Averag annalm Millions of US dollar (aurrent prices) percentage groWth 9JPE J1914 193 191K 19578 198 1959 1990 1991 1992 1993 7-7R 8-85 86MR SUB-SAHARANAFC.f -61.830 =46107 3,40. 35114 54,760Z4925, 49.153 53,678 - 53 5,137 56.266 135.--..4 --:- aelin AshAia.. -43,537 . 339 942 2,4-. 91532,02--% 322 3661 39,398 --;3.,5 . 17 5 ceL 'S. AfJiea&rn:'i. '23700 22,356. 21,456. 23212: 2 5o,23 -i. 7,739 :.28,66 - 31,599 31.419. -32.711 347 , 11. --34, 52 Angtol - t,559 1.40 1.0 1303 172 1.338 158 1.347 1.911 1.358 _ . 3.i Bein 312 291 333 412 484 511 317 428 482 552 571 133 -1.0 4.3 SaiWa 603 583 494 608 104 987 1,35 1,606 1,793 - - 203 O 24.8 unaSiFaso 361 270 353 437 475 497 502 593 602 642 643 152 -13 7.3 B8_ 168 184 ISO 165 159 166 151 119 196 182 160 245 1.5 1.8 c0mn 1.452 1,195 1.I4 1,477 112m5 165 1.649 1,750 1,569 1.477 1317 252 -4.1 13 CpeVerdc SO 82 37 36 93 102 107 119 132 173 - - 3.1 9.7 CeUUdAAilCSRqepubic 1l5 140 161 201 191 17S 136 242 179 165 153 15.8 03 -1.4 Chad 55 128 166 212 226 228 240 259 294 302 I99 -0.8 115 4.1 CGmovs 22 33 23 29 4 44 36 45 54 SS 49 - 62 83 Cog 545 613 630 512 420 523 532 513 5S3 541 497 97 62 .04 COSedViiit 2,614 1,47 1,410 1,640 1,353 1,769 1.777 1,701 1,707 1,36 1,662 2ZI -93 14 DJImn - 239 219 207 222 _ 292 345 353 390 3 9 _ Eqnm l Guin . - 32 41 4S 57 44 53 60 62 56 _ . 6.7 Fkpia 6592 1,026 975 10 1.031 10 1020 831 1,02 875 848 I93 9.1 -2.4 Gab 636 733 SSS 979 732 791 752 772 834 86 835 73 4.7 -0.3 :Gambiu,fle 138 99 75 85 95 106 125 141 135 178 _ 18.0 -6.0 14.4 Ga 903 533 669 712 952 993 1,002 1,199 1,319 1,457 1,728 4.1 -73 12.0 Gain 339 407 - 423 3S 511 53 536 695 603 725 . 5.0 89 GuineaBiem - 60 SD 51 45 59 69 68 67 S4 57 - - 3.9 Kecy 2,345 1343 1,270 1,455 1i6 I, 163 2,0S 1.98 1,595 - 159 -7.6 33 L o424 433 324 342 452 559 593 673 304 933 867 219 0.7 14.8 LJbe1 473 325 264 259 312 - - _ - - _ 109 -37 87 Madapsi - 764 360 336 331 315 319 320 566 440 466 505 183 -12.8 6.7 Mami 308 162 177 154 17S 253 251 304 374 391 308 112 -40.7 11J Mali 308 258 328 339 335 359 339 432 447 454 654 14.3 0.4 79 Manlmia 321 302 334 401 359 349 349 3S3 39 424 378 10.6 12 1.6 Mas1itius 512 406 467 62 919 1466 1196 1,475 1,419 1.473 1.559 125 -2.1 15.3 3-mbiqac 720 436 331 483 573 662 727 790 809 799 873 - -12.4 9.8 amibia 1,9 812 4" 633 969 909 1,026 1417 1,108 1.177 . _ -14.1 115 lDiger 677 270 346 310 410 392 369 ;33 273 331 241 32.0 -12.3 -3.6 NIgria 14,753 r 167 7,499 3.702 4097 42 3.692 4.932 7,813 7.181 - 34A -93 4.7 Iwada 196 '3 219 259 267 279 254 228 228 240 295 219 3A4 0.7 SsioTmoutdPutipc IS 24 20 23 14 14 13 13 25 25 - 16.3 5.0 2.1 Smerpl 875 819 796 983 956 956 998 1J76 1,187 1;20 1102 tO -1.1 49 Scybdeffs 34 74 84 39 96 135 140 151 146 163 209 197 0b 113 SienaLcnc 386 1S0 141 111 115 135 160 140 170 145 156 '9 -7t1 3.4 Saia 402 466 331 342 359 216 346 211 - . - 202 0-6 -75 Sotib Afiica 18,68 14,774 10,402 11,130 13,926 17,210 16.310 17,045 17,449 13.216 170 4.4 -39 7.1 Sdn *12,339 1206 931 397 707 1.040 1,040 33 1,218 10 - 15.2 -2.6 t0 Sweslud 537 371 272 296 369 441 515 587 631 698 777 245 -5.8 145 Tamzala 1.O9 760 369 913 I,0O 1,033 1,070 1,136 1,174 1.228 I2 9.6 -5SD 4.8 Toga 524 263 304 419 437 504 470 513 452 418 250 335 -102 -1.2 Ugnda 318 386 392 417 530 Su4 573 5S 49 512 621 6.0 6.5 3.6 Zaire 1.519 1,176 1247 1,3 1,376 1,645 1,613 1,9 - 9 -2 -1.1 6.0 Zah 1,114 612 571 SI 535 637 774 1,511 7S2 394 724 -42 4.4 6.7 ZImbabwe 1,339 989 919 1,012 1,071 1.161 1.318 I5 1,646 1,72 425 -1.1 -2.9 73 )gu-NOfIAFIA ^ 3>7~tS~ .fl1; ,0392AE.45R... 3_41 ?B79I 't -IJ 0Z tt Alp4a 9,596 9,235 8311 79 6616 6,675 8,32 77 62 8,253 7,72 15.1 0.3 -0.1 EgprArbRqpblic 6,14 10,201 10S6 95 7,52 9,41 10294 11.441 11.425 10,040 10,495 14.5 6.7 13 LIbya 10368 3.464 5,754 4,71 5,20 S,762 6,59 7,575 - . - 15.7 -73 693 Mmoccx) 3.770 3569 3,53 3.477 33 4QU0 4992 63 6,23 fi692 642 ll -0.1 102 Tunii 3.139 2,93 ZS67 26 2,329 3,496 4.139 5.193 4,95 6077 5.739 182 -0.6 12.7 ALLAFCA 9.3.77: .30,504 :20.57 6,411 oX . 79.396. 93,433- r-i -9-3,2 97,413 S4,U1 * 14.1 -3,* 512 Enera SLector 75 5-3. Exports of total services Average anna Milhian of USdolan m(cunnprices) percentage groutk 1980 1N84 198 jnu 1987 iP9a 195 9 O 1 99J1 1992 1993 75-7-9 J0-I 86448 SU B-NRNAZANAjRE&;g 1.680 .%5UN 3,4-5 022~ 13323~ I$:.K.. . . 39 3$ 9.2 Ang a .. - 129 116 93 128 150 l19 186 159 _ 5.8 Benin 77 66 77 9 112 119 B8 115 123 142 _ 12.6 2.4 6.2 BAn 203 200 161 217 297 330 355 497 _ - - 23_1 13 22.9 BD aPaFasD 65 34 37 52 49 49 53 65 63 74 _ 1737 -7.7 8 BEmr 17 IS 15 14 iS 1S 24 25 35 31 _ 27.6 2.2 153 Cmona 410 sat 531 615 424 473 - 497 245 - 26.2 5.5 - capmvETc 14 25 27 35 43 45 57 61 54 59 _ - 1L 114 Ctl Reublic 85 3t S3 59 71 7 66 70 56 60 10.5 -0g 3.3 Chad 0 38 38 48 73 81 44 44 47 - - -31.4 3.6 C00 Cers 3 4 5 a 16 19 22 20 23 _ - - 13.9 29.9 Ccp 119 37 84 111 128 100 97 114 106 109 -. 12.3 -1.0 LS CitdIvaire 627 445 438 539 613 63 542 532 S53 58B S64 23.3 -5.8 L7 :qunialGui- - 5 6 6 5 6 - - 6 - -2.4 EdiDqia 129 132 212 138 319 289 302 314 213 290 - -3.5 ILI 7.1 *bce 349 IC 168 142 131 22U 308 262 255 299 - 31.1 -3.0 1L8 Ganbi.,The 18 2 24 29 S0 64 68 71 84 86 - I5S4 43 2D. G- - 110 46 44 45 79 78 82 93 110 129 - 69 -17-4 16.2 Gels 54 - - 60 S8 64 112 170 160 163 - - _ 24.2 Gu aeBisz _ £ 7 _ _ _ , _ _ _ _ _ _ Kmp 800 629 663 732 830 374 1,008 I.223 1,150 1,148 - 109 -1.2 9.2 Leb 305 368 260 239 392 417 413 496 518 538 - 57.7 3.1 10.9 LIlica 13 40 3S 59 5B - - - - - 18D 23.4 22.7 Mah_w 82 58 63 80 105 m 161 209 151- 177 - 1.6 -.4 16.3 2nldawi 34 38 38 28 44 38 - - _ _ _ -1739 0 4.7 Mali 58 41 62 71 86 a3 76 100 lS 99 20D. 0.5 6.8 2auriIas 73 36 31 26 37 39 39 31 33 - IS6 -12.6 2.1 Maridus 144 130 150 219 336 405 451 57 649 701 680 16.6 0.3 20.5 M ;sbiqu 171 IIS 107 113 237 157 167 173 203 223 _ 9.93 11 Nati& - - - - - - - 308 378 346 _ _ _ 2W 68 45 S7 - 61 50 53 71 58 52 _ 11.3 -1.5 -02 NIgma 1,820 491 396 298 270 404 704 1,176 1,097 1.203 _ 25.0 -23.1 25.8 R-ds 49 40 44 53 56 57 52 47 46 36 _ 455 0.1 -3.1 SloTamaddPui 6 2 2 4 2 2 5 4 - _ 5262 -152 10.1 Suel 409 318 341 420 453 491 493 56 583 - 13-I .28 US Scydhfl 97 97 114 125 148 168 190 233 240 252 326 22 13 SiamLCaMc 63 41 2N 27 44 52 39 71 - - 9.1 -92 I32 Swual 71 52 37 54 - - - - _ - _ 17.4 -43 - SoulhAf-a 3,560 3,049 2,606 2,726 3130 3,244 3,544 4495 4,200 4,9 4,367 95 -2.1 7.9 Su5' 231 230 220 225 192 172 20 18S 80 156 - 211t 2.4 4.3 82 11S 100 103 148 18S 217 273 260 251 - 13 83 16.8 Task 179 107 108 110 111 121 123 140 _ - _ .9.4 -9.0 5.0 TOp 95 94 11' 131 138 126 152 181 113 161 173 63- 6.1 U FaU 11 41 27 25 - - - - 24 39 1.9 11.0 - Zlie 135 141 153 139 262 13S 165 171 _ - _ 8 6.5 06 Zambia 163 so 71 48 49 61 . 7 108 93 - 9.7 -12.6 11.4 Timbaw 274 195 333 205 198 208 284 2;8 314 _ - 5.6 6.0 33 NORflIAI'RICA h,912 7,097 6L-2. . 7,676 3IQ96 10,117 9,hl2. 12,19 17.193 5i6 . .86. . I2 17. 4.0 IdV ' - ---- ' S48 *--778--722-' 721 S-'-542 607 m -463 --- _1---.-. AAjCn .-IC%f 2 i ~n 63 - -1.4 O6 -6.6 EjplAabRcqpbrGc 2,590 3,724 3,657 4,137 4.130 4,9t2 5,123 7.147 7,951 3,901 _ 28. 119 142 Libya 1.446 720 526 669 912 391 565 783 62 4.1 4.3 Mmin 856 855 l,O15 1,165 1,411 1,798 1.700 2,E11 1,975 2,643 - 125 3.2 13.3 Tuda 1.198 1,020 1,011 9Y4 I.0 1t.90S 1.613 1.781 1.472 7plO - 193 -20 9.9 AILARICA 18.609 15590tS6 14'l 16.652 'M- .2D411 z2.7m:. 26811 MA6P7: 30-9 152 -4.4 10.3 76 External Sector 54. Imports of total services Awrage anna Millions ofUS dolS (curret prices) perc age growt 1m RWs 1985 198m6 h7 1988 1989 wo 1 91i im 1mi 7579 380-5 n-ace SUB-SABARANA CAIFC --31,7. --25ip012-: 2466. --26.412 -30,1S7 -:-31j 33.3 4 4- 3 -*-37,694 -3853' -- 11. 1.1 69 c Sash-Aica - - -23.746 18.1081 19.063 : 19.613 .1 24409 :26.013 30Z5 30425 29.48 - 12. 4 -1 2.6 cad --ialIlm : 15.93 15,055 15.89 17.595 1388 :21,315: 22,36: 2577- 24,3 - . - : .14.1 -.2*. 8.3 Anagda - - 855 320 717 1.749 1,954 X583 2396 2S41 _ _ - 24.9 Benin 116 149 153 196 229 239 150 174 169 ZD 17.0 6.4 0.7 BUswma 331 399 353 401 590 792 711 732 - - - 2W9 7D0 IL7 Rudia Faso 228 139 146 11 213 235 237 273 27m 303 - 23.4 -7.2 I0.0 BumUad 47 39 109 126 163 141 119 149 1S8 161 - 20.9 13K 41 Cmnacroac 774 14185 1,1I4 1,220 1,471 1,416 - 1,406 971 _ - 22I 10.9 CapeV ade 3 17 15 22 25 24 33 37 23 31 - - 159 8,6 Ccmral AfiiaL RqubIlc 144 99 122 157 176 103 166 191 156 169 - 13.0 -1.9 3.6 Chadl 28 96 161 178 211- 233 221 252 280 - - -29 25.8 9. Canoma 12 39 38 45 45 46 43 47 4U - - . 218 27 Coup 650 525 763 391 313 873 S57 1,244 1,083 1.090 - 11,3 35 5 Cate due 2,147 1,355 1.469 203 2.310 2,335 2,2 2.793 2,788 2.764 2,644 2.4 -62 6.6 Djtaud - - - - - - - - - - - EquatcalGnha - - - - 47 57 40 46 52 - - - - OA Ehiqia 204 272 162 172 366 403 40B 437 381 472 - 4.7 1.7 15.4 Cabo. 1340 1,290 1,331 14147 1.011 1,104 1,352 1,3 1.360 1,704 - 16.3 2.6 5.1 Gambiaim: 44 26 19 22 64 63 66 65 34 74 - 249 -111 21.1 ihma 355 280 224 344 376 400 403 429 463 505 - S9 4.7 73 Guinca 23S - - 294 233 373 43B 529 529 471 - _ _ 11.4 inea-Biasa - 26 31 31 33 37 49 35 47 44 & I 6.1 KICya 750 613 641 693 325 S95 933 1.123 1,070 93B - 10.4 -2.1 71 La58 56 45 57 76 34 91 103 104 115 - 9.1 0.5 13.6 Libeia 97 222 211 264 263 - - - - - - -3.7 22.5 115 Madapa 357 306 300 366 410 443 437 450 416 .411 - 12.6 -12 3.3 Malawi 330 273 267 254 244 230 - - . 2.4 -1.6 43 Mali 229 192 282 332 355 372 354 456 441 462 II- 319 6. Mauritania 172 225 298 330 306 307 252 1S7 174 - 5 12.7 -0.0 Martin 201 171 190 232 323 393 420 520 545 623 613 21.1 -13 162 M-mmique 155 204 242 332 349 333 392 374 402 444 - - 6.7 6.9 N.nbia - - - - - - - 547 605 619 - _ _ NIir 339 192 18 1i2 245 21 203 256 196 123 26.6 10.0 0.4 iTgi 7,291 3.0Q 349O 2,132 3,762 3.212 3,913 4925 5,030 4.304 _ 7.7 -10 9.3 Rtuiad 139 123 131 171 171 165 142 152 129 132 _ 37A -29 -22 SIUTantuaI cndpe 7 1i 10 14 9 9 9 9 - _ _ 199 71 -.6 Seuep 462 Sag SO1 653 709 752 722 332 830 _ _ 12.3 3. 7.4 Schbdka 48 54 67 35 102 102 114 130 131 131 4537 S. 9.6 SiemaLa 103 s0 7S 167 105 55 85 146 _ - - 162 -75 1.9 S;aui 139 137 123 9D 130 165 206 - - - _ 113 0.5 9.3 SoathAica 7.720 6.9iO 5.899 6.361 7,549 7,424 7,755 397 7,371 3,816 3,605 105 -0.6 4.2 Scubn 343 748 773 859 321 341 496 373 329 293 . 5.5 18,6 -119 Swaxlad 122 119 96 120 189 217 279 293 303 26U _ 102 -1.9 172 Tlmia 323 264 309 328 423 471 479 481 - - - 12.6 -0.9 10.3 TOp 227 169 193 242 253 271 26D 23E 273 263 - 312 -1. 3.6 Ugad 132 135 131 100 236 260 261 243 319 336 _ 10.0 1.3 16.0 Zaie- 1,364 1392 1493 1,216 1,412 1.553 1569 - 1,549 - - - 4.7 5.3 5.9 Zambia 372 473 667 553 553 893 953 S25 1,059 - - 2.7 -4.7 102 Zimbabwe 561 S23 629 541 573 645 72k 317 949 _ 8.L 4.0 85 *Iqoxm,pparAr.>. .. 14N77D.A:16.t94 1432$ywey - 2- ; . . : a 3 ; 24.3 - 31 3'M Algeria 4,956 4,442 4,309 3.900 3,464 3,917 3,390 3,671 3,790 - _ 27.5 -1.2 -1.9 Eqypl,AnhR 'isc 3,147 6.675 6,799 6,252 3.725 3.858 4,672 5,667 5.507 7.664 29.7 20.0 2.0 libya 3,650 3.420 2.314 1.743 1.944 2.074 1,369 1,873 - _ 20.8 -4.4 -22 St-cco 2.037 1,374 - 1,612 1,364 1,933 2,135 2,431 2,572 2,683_ 23 773 -5.3 3.5 Tunisia 980 983 1.039 1.067 1.119 1.256 1,230 1.39 1.449 1643 _ _ 14.6 3.3 GA AlIlAFRICA . .. 45,9.,0 494; 40.992. 419 42,137-. 4433 U,nn072 53,332: 5289--... 5-,O . 15.1: 0.7 53- Extema Sector 77 5-5. Net private transfers MlAlions of US doltars (c t prices) Anaaverage IWP 134 1995 19M6 1957 19J9 1959 1 9 1991 1992 19 7S-79 38 BEAS SU-AA_IARC -991. ...... .a 'i,us 1,93 - 91 e: 11 4-75 1,1I2. 65 c.,i6 107~ 2,9 ~ 55 1Sn 1 ....e237 adodlngokfict : :.:-iA3 553g 21 -. K. mlT- ts o o tin re z.s : -16 ior, ccLSfliafllia -675 .-- itt ,17> 1r 915 3,21 1,0 I 2 1,iS3 l35 2.4 lW4 C2 Angla - 23 -15 2 4 4 6 -140 -30 55 132 0 16 -3 Denim 75 33 32 43 SI 52 66 36 St 99 87 41 4 71 BDatWA -. -7 -3 -3 7 -17 -31 41 -39 - - 3 -2 -21 BmuiluFaso 112 71 1M 160 123 113 97 114 106 124 140 49 97 122 Bumwdi 4 3 10 8 7 10 9 10 13 13 9 3 S 10 Cancoa 3 -7 -33 46 -125 -144 46 -53 -67 -75 43 -17 4[ -S7 CapeVade 40 22 22 29 34 39 43 52 58 70 - 14 31 46 CmnlAfiio Requblic -17 -11 -12 -19 -24 - -25 -33 -30 -32 -23 4-1 -14 -27 Cad -4 -2 7 -5 -10 -17 -20 -13 -14 -S -21 -9 -4 -13 Como= 0 -3 -1 -T 1 3 3 6 4 5 13 0 -1 4 Cgo -64 45 -37 -41 - S7 -47 -4Z -59 -D -9 -29 -45 -57 Ct dIwire -716 -291 -279 -47 -01 -514 -399 -554 464 -492 -94 -371 -415 .46 Dlbo 0 -11 -; -12 -12 - -3 -3 -3 -3 -2 0 -4 -5 EquadaGcinea - 0 1 4 -3 -4 -13 -17 -17 -4 -4 0 0 -7 Etliq&i 80 269 443 503 360 306 397 333 491 747 643 61 194 4A3 GaIn -157 -92 -109 -169 -144 -1SS -13S -159 -125 .1I4 -126 -7S -105 -146 Gumbioa,lc 4 S 6 11 13 13 7 14 IS 13 _ 0 4 12 as . -3 21 33 72 202 172 202 202 220 255 261 1 7 193 Sum -3 - -_ 6 -13 2 -4 -32 -26 -1 -52 -1 -1 -16 Guincaisau . -S -3 -2 -2 2 1 1 -4 -4 -2 0 4 -I K1a 27 60 81 58 72 89 102 163 144 61 136 0 69 105 Lmatbo 2 3 2 2 0 4 4 5 3 4 4 2 2 3 iberia -29 44 -2S -25 -21 0 - - - - - -26 -36 46 Madgas -2D -1 24 21 34 3S 42 49 52 88 132 -19 -6 57 MBladi 13 12 11 13 14 IS -14 -11 -33 -26 -4 3 11 -6 Mali 40 21 47 46 37 45 51 67 70 94 90 22 31 63 MurTnia -28 -20 -21 -23 -21 -22 -25 -16 -17 27 -7 -2S -24 -13 Media la 19 22 30 41 -72 63 82 79 S7 92 S IS 69 hozanbiqac 28 31 16 27 33 124 129 143 134 141 163 0 34 In2 Nambia 101 3S0 231 340 319 275 253 25 24 24 - 0 347 180 Nier -57 43 -59 .43 -50 -35 -40 -49 -33 -37 101 -29 -52 -24 Nigeria -410 -300 -254 -103 -19 -33 -19 1 12 22 - -211 -361 -21 Rwas -3 2 4 7 7 11 3 6 21 22 21 0 2 13 SioTDaneS dP 1 3 0 -I 0 0 0 0 0 1 3 0 1 0 Seep! -20 0 8 11 6 6 6 29 28 37 40 2 -S 20 Scydmlcs -4 -2 -1 -5 -2 -S -5 -3 -2 -3 -3 4 -2 -4 S imLae 3 8 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 6 0 Somaa 57 163 19 5 -13 6 -3 -4 - _ - 24 S4 -2 SasAhfiica 94 125 84 76 97 90 129 107 101 32 46 30 108 s5 Suds 209 395 430 350 250 445 297 18 62 124 - IS7 351 215 Swzb!d -2 0 3 2 3 4i 2 0 -4 1 0 -1 0 1 Thank 22 63 236 251 314 232 132 164 403 456 463 19 65 30! Togo 1 -2 3 10 7 7 9 10 1& 3 10 -1 0 9 Umfda -2 33 71 101 110 117 96 79 108 18 260 -4 31 132 Zaie -79 -91 -SS -62 -70 -67 -109 -1 - _ - -35 -3g -7 Zmbia -183 -45 -33 -42 -20 -2. -30 -8 -22 -33 -19 -114 47 -26 Zmbabue -121 -3 -45 -27 -32 -13 -V9 -3 3 40 48 -50 -95 0 -%RTHA1UR1Ck.3.2 :4:3. 4.0535 .4, *5JO: 519. S. .46.: AM. 61.... 6 9 t..' .: 30Pb. 6,V57 Aigmm 277 136 367 765 522 385 535 332 239 1,386 1.499 325 286 708 E&V ab AbqRblic 2,791 3,957 3,52 2,9 3,033 3,406 3,556 3,769 3,733 5,467 5,034 1,321 2,971 3,30 Ibya -I,089 -1,240 -359 -522 -M0 -497 -472 446 - - - -641 -,40 -439 Mroo 1,004 47 965 13 1,579 1,303 1,356 2,012 2013 2,179 ..42 624 92 1.763 Tnilia 301 304 259 354 481 543 485 594 57 574 616 177 317 529 AIJ AFRICA ' 2.294::'2-61 . 5M- - 6.07 9 E601 47I4 61: -tn 8 .f x,t3W :.U514.. 1o1.. . :: . &1,211 ' ft: '362 78 Exaurna Sector 5-6. Net official transfers Milton of USdolln (crent prie) Annlaverage Iw 1mu M In 1L87 IM 19no 19 m 19 1993 757- am8S 8aiM SWAARAN AFREA 293 3.199 3.332 4 7 -.,-:T1, , . AS.. 5.7 1,79t---- 4l 4 4.103 f~hiug Smdh ASic. :273S 3.2219 3,393 434 474 571 653 Zl A3 36'~"11 ,5- .5 * )ij - 24 3251 3.394 4. hngels - 0 36 139 60 3 64 63 53 47 0 _ 9 59 Bcas 76 6D 72 97 113 fl7 121 112 10U 133 160 66 63 119 BSatVA 65 43 42 54 167 1s5 251 316 29g - - 20 45 212 BUudiFuc 211 159 164 238 236 261 461 313 336 373 333 125 178 319 Dund 32 41 73 103 106 37 132 164 183 165 ISI 21 33 136 Omoue. 33 57 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 36 56 0 CqcVaec 29 39 37 42 47 39 28 26 31 67 - 29 33 40 CcA 1d alRqelic 97 65 69 1m 12S - 129 15S 121 125 113 SS 76 125 Cha 2S a8 134 ipo 239 278 231 204 272 m3 173 34 78 223 somoms 11 31 32 32 39 41 41 39 37 40 37 - 23 3S CAgaE 63 42 40 60 63 64 93 66 139 94 23 40 43 77 CItdeT ie 10 23 26 71 143 61 197 22 230 245 173 33 23 169 ljmui - 46 52 4B 54 - 47 51 s0 73 72 - 49 61 Eqmtm itduuo - 0 3 20 29 50 39 59 64 56 54 - 2 46 Eawaa 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 a 0 0 0 0 0 0 Cim 33 25 14 22 24 11 9 24 6 12 14 37 22 iS Gmn,lEc 38 10 3 7 36 42 34 45 43 46 - 10 27 36 hm 83 141 110 123 123 196 220 214 201 214 256 52 96 193 se-. 17 - - 32 35 i5 319 109 114 193 113 - - 12 Gubmaism - 29 31 51 52 50 64 67 3 49 31 - 37 52 emp 12D 119 113 151 143 257 281 207 205 214 - 63 107 208 Lash, 173 96 72 79 112 13 211 231 404 435 41 37 lS 212 lAsts 36 104 92 96 45 - _ _ _ _ 31 3S 71 Mst _w 67 73 74 132 120 15S. 161 11 127 143 159 72 77 149 Malai So 25 25 30 30 31 75 31 S9 119 133 29 36 76 ME Ito~~11 130 197 126 216 259 222 251 336 323 262 32 12 257 Mmdk 113 107 l34 1ts 99 105 12 102 10 93 101 133 109 l1s Muahu 11 9 14 20 26 21 7 14 2 5 4 6 11 13 Mbzmabiq 56 163 139 219 304 373 409 4n S3 499 503 - 91 415 Numbs 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 192 311 2380 - - 0 112 lai E g l t 1 146 212 14S 142 144 132 114 161 1U 135 106 160 146 Niiscd -161 -26 -2 -5 -S 21 145 at 732 731 - -14 42 243 Rtm& 107 99 112 117 119 19 129 13B 160 161 243 30 107 151 S1oTamiandlEe 0 6 5 6 2 1 2 2 11 13 13 2 3 6 Scamp 140 139 162 187 223 271 260 356 370 220 240 102 160 274 S eOdla is 15 14 16 24 29 32 29 25 24 23 7 13 25 SuesLu.. 45 25 17 5 7 3 7 7 36 37 39 14 33 1S S _ld. 143 194 2D4 305 343 217 331 265 - - - 66 163 292 SmJkAfiic 145 -25 40 11 116 26 72 10 -31 74 62 as 33 so Sodhn 34 309 218 412 280 369 299 341 205 263 - 20 240 311 Sw5S1i 79 65 S0 43 46 69 85 93 99 131 115 23 65 86 Tun107 96 130 223 269 339 470 52 549 569 32 114 103 448 Tap 36 75 69 101 97 124 17 114 91 aS 31 52 73 96 U pO& 37, 6a 48 3 66 112 ICA 207 234 2m3 235 12 36 1i5 Zak. 707 174 199 134 220 226 276 217 - C 69 203 224 Z _iis 7 10 6 22 3 59 109 395 261 636 34 17 20 234 lksbws 53 33 65 SS ao 66 79 1O0 95 242 131 13 65 I3 :SQ9TlHAFM W9 716 1.222 1.175 :U;. 1.0t5 I .1' i;I.u 14.'5 1IS . u 5.3 1, W. AIgis 21 4 ' 11 -1 -5 5 6 1 -23 0 0 14 3 -2 Eppt.ASbRenIdI 2 636 1,07 1,209 974 693 756 1,094 4,S42 1,343 1,330 437 436 1.531 Libya -46 -41 .45 -39 -60 -37 16 s35 - _ - -102 -64 -37 moo 114- 93 111 160 191 303 26S 310 230 360 90 31 114 246 mdiii 101 42 41 45 37 11S 213 225 131 *7 70 43 54 its &: .; ' . W: 34 4^. . :1.: 567., _ _ 4- 731 1.. t: 4 6.76 . . 3 3,:2 External Seor 79 5-7. Current account balance Mdilions f USdollUrs (cwrnn prices) Anualaerae rsso npu as8s i9R6 rm ins an in. an91 n2 isg 5-;79 81WE ms-W SUB-4AANAFRUCA-. :: 2Z3 -:41514 2,057 -2405 .-3.4 -. -7502 =-3A0M:I -14039 -4XA. :.4,5 -5016 , ---:66 -873 --4 _xunSubhc -3,25 -2.2 -6 -55573 -6.423- 4,72 i-517 -3 .2 -7,000 423 -.33 -4,9 4I1 .2 ezcLSAEiea&Nlgaia -8,412 -3.041 -3,132 -5923-. -6354. -S3,52 -6-,27 -,280 - ._:51 . . 4 -7.431 Ang -la -is 195 -303 447 469 -132 -235 -5S0 -735 -995 - -56 -375 Begin -36 -57 5 -66 -74 -3 -13 -1 -Il -29 -53 -63 -416 41 Bolwana -143 -70 81 111 663 133 49B 137 47 - - -47 -109 274 ButinzaFuzo -49 -3 -60 -21 -51 -49 aS -102 -90 -95 -117 -57 -51 -55 Buanm -96 -126 -42 -31 -96 -71 -12 -6 -31 -54 -52 -20 -112 -52 Canaan -395 201 328 -610 -1J45 -987 -679 -1,079 -913 -4W -1054 -130 -120 -926 CapeVer& 4 -6 4 2 14 0 -5 -12 -8 4 -1 -10 -2 Canaln Aficm Republic -43 -33 -49 47 -73 -162 -33 39 -62 -57 -21 -18 -34 -73 Chad 12 9 87 -59 -26 26 -51 -46 -75 -91 -3 -28 2 -51 Comaus -9 -33 -14 -16- -21 -7 5 -9 -9 -15 4 - -14 8 go -167 210 -161 -601 -223 -445 -35 -251 427 -308 -439 -190 -218 -347 O hemCmi -1S27 -73 63 -29; -63 -1,239 -966 -1.209 -1,490 -1,428 -1,229 -605 -65 -1,104 Dlxid - -57 42 -21 -15 - -37 -57 -25 -53 -53 - -50 -37 EquatlGinca . - 0 -4 -2 -24 -17 -19 -15 -22 I 13 - -1 -11 Ediiapi . -126 -254 -123 -49 -2W2 -374 -135 -131 -266 41 -23 -66 -216 -152 Gibrn 334 113 -162 -1,057 -449 -616 -192 214 183 -135 -90 109 191 -263 GCnubia,[hbc -74 8 7 4 13 34 17 36 17 40 _ -18 -27 24 Gatta 29 -39 -1U4 -43 -97 -66 -99 -229 -253 -37S -m -12 -141 -217 Guinea 9 - - 424 -38 -m 56 -196 -289 -203 -269 - - 461 Guiea-Dissn - -36 45 -23 -13 -29 -39 -16 -45 -n -33 - -36 -34 knya 86 -123 -110 -37 -494 460 -579 -520 -215 -98 _ -295 -33B -343 LenSha 56 6 -12 -3 24 -25 -10 65 83 38 -135 -7 20 7 La=ia 46 -4 57 15 -113 _ _ _ _ _ . 26 13 -51 Madaaga -557 -193 -134 441 -140 -149 -72 -251 -18S -136 -167 -121 -307 456 Mlawi -260 -4. -124 -49 -55 -53 -138 -64 -194 -223 -117 -125 -139 -117 Mdi -124 -66 -129 -11 -97 48 -7S -133 -22 -91 -101 -61 -113 -96 'm,'a -133 -111 -116 -194 -147 -96 -19 -10 -1S -304 45 49 -166 4t4 Maninus -118 -54 -29 94 64 -61 -104 -120 -18 -2 -96 -71 -70 -30 .'nbiquc -367 -308 -30 -409 -389 -357 439 -393 -303 -383 -317 - -313 -374 NanIbia -33 32 154 239 24 -49 24 -38 251 142 - - 40 85 iwr -276 1 64 25 -90 43 -111 -84 -4 -38 106 -8 -136 -35 Nigria . 5.127 115 2,566 366 -9 494 1,090 4,9S8 1.203 2,26 - -683 4.666 1.379 RwuAa -4S -42 -64 -69 -134 -119 -102 46 -34 -S5 -112 6 -59 -93 S5oTa1d;mdPcipe I -11 -16 49 -13 -1 -11 42 -29 -26 _ 4 -13 -17 SCnega1 -356 -272 -27 -267 -306 -261 -198 -125 -133 -271 -301 -149 -327 -233 Seycbelks 46 -13 -19 -33 -21 -28 -23 a 4 -2 -48 -6 -22 -49 SenaL -165 -23 4 141 -30 -3 -60 -69 -103 -66 -J9 -93 84 -35 Somalia -136 439 403 -126 -114 -98 -157 41 - - - -74 -130 415 Sashica 3,508 -1,588 2,622 3.152 2,936 1,2 1,579 2,253 2.664 1,3S8 1,S14 233 -524 2,125 Suan -564 462 -354 -430 422 -630 -90 -876 -1,652 4,446 - 411 -627 -911 Swazibnd -132 -79 -39 11 62 65 4 45 3 25 -58 -20 -93 20 Tank -521 -359 -375 -321 -446 -376 -359 -426 -269 -297 -366 -230 -415 -357 TOp -YS 26 -27 -56 -61 -43 -3D -101 -54 -105 44 -123 45 -n Ugand 433 -10 4 -34 -153 -217 -253 -233 460 -113 -407 -9 -10 -159 Zak1 -292 -324 -299. 414 -644 -531 -611 -643 - _ _ -47 40 -579 7Zaia -537 -153 -398 -350 -243 -295 -2 -597 -307 -117 -110 -26S 443 -281 ZimbIbwe -244 -100 -76 7 48 117 -3 -In -4.9 -617 -95 43 -371 -151 ,SOIL1HAkUCA 6,213 45137 *06 -.J7Ž -1.751 ,3.7-2 I5':? *5l il 331 w 7 *9.3,3 -3,d3 ,Urs AIgena 249 - 74 1,015 -2,230 141 - A40 -1,031 4 2367 1,W 1,014 -2,0 19Y3.. III y ArAb Republic -436 4.819 -2,112 -2,143 480 -539 -2,395 -2,637 Z.404 2,605 934 -1,217 -1,571 -332 Libya 3,214 -1.457 -1,96 -166 -1,128 -1,826 -1,026 2,201 - _- 1,981 250 -389 Mmn -1.419 -936 -339 -211 176 467 -790 -2CO -396 -427 -429 4-,313 -1,316 -226 Tin -361 -770 -537 -618_ 60 216 -123 -474 -Y -945 -528 -337 -553 -375 AFLAfG.CA . . 670: -9.471 :1 -7,m77 - -S,139 -11225 -9.24. -7t2 :430. -65 ::4,524 :. .-739-11.737 :-5,164. 80 -xTernal Sector 5-8. Net foreign direct investment -Ailhiou of US doln (currentpnces) Amwlaverage 1981 1984 985 1986 1987 1918 119 t990 1991 1992 1993 7-79 8W0 6R SUB-SAHARANUAPRC --710: . 54- 601 1.340 15 2.62 915 1.911 -;1 3S- - -744- - 674 7f25- 1- ; du SmAiic 55a 9 1,03 717 1.0 1,6 2,16 :20 1,919 1543. 755 .9 -:.3-.7-': : cLSAhiea&36: ia 794 '.95 - - -550 901 79 734 332- - '3- 66 75 :529- 745i 725 Angoa _ 331 27B 234 119 131 200 -336 664 218 366 . 329 20 Benin 4 0 1 1 1 1 1 2 7 21 1 2 1 S Botswua 109 62 52 70 114 40 42 3B 153 - _ 31 59 76 BwkimFaso 0 2 -1 3 6 2 11 S I 0 0 2 1 4 Buwmdi I I I 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 _ 1 1 Cam - 105 92 21 0 104 120 22 7 11 79 61 26 56 51 CapVeVde - _ . a 3 0 -1 0 1 -1 _ _ 0 CamlAhici- RqpbIc 5 5 2 7 9 -9 -3 -3 -S -9 _ 6 S -2 Chad 0 9 53 28 0 -'3 6 19 3 3 12 20 10 7 Ceuna _ _ .. 8 4 3 -1 3 -4 1 _ . 2 Cong 40 35 13 22 43 9 - _ - _ - 8 35 25 Crtec dIire 95 22 29 71 S8 52 IS 32 81 77 30 57 44 56 Equat-oxiaGuinE( . _ 0 0 0 0 0 10 42 -4 -12 _ _ 4 Elhiopa _ _ _ - _ , - _ _ - 10 - _ Gahm 24 5 11 104 82 123 -39 45 -116 -62 24 56 53 20 Gubia Thc _ 1 2 6 1 1 15 9 10 6 _ 4 2 7 Ghua 16 2 6 4 S 5 15 1S 20 23 _ 16 10 12 Guinca 34 0 - 8 13 16 12 18 39 20 67 _ 8 24 Gu -Bisun a _ _ _ _ _ 0 I _ 2 - I Kunia 78 4 13 28 41 -2 61 57 19 6 - 44 19 30 Lsodho 4 2 5 2 6 21 13 17 7 3 8 - 4 10 Liberia _ 36 46 -17 39 - - _ _ 55 26 11 Madagrc 0 0 0 0 0 0 13 22 14 21 24 -1 0 12 M2Vlawi 9 - I - 0 _ 6 3 _ Mali 2 10 3 -8 -6 1 15 -7 4 -B -4 4 -1 Maurilania 27 9 7 3 1 1 3 7 2 7 21 -10 12 6 Mauitis 1 5 8 7 17 24 35 40 8 -29 -25 2 3 10 Ma=mbiquc 0 0 0 2 6 S 3 9 23 25 32 - 0 13 Nzabia - - - _ - _ 36 100 53 _ - _ 6S Nig- 44 -1 -10 _ _ _ - _ _ . _ 21 9 Nlgcna -740 200 478 167 603 377 1.32 5BS 712 S97 _ 343 210 747 Rvada 16 15 IS 18 18 21 16 8 5 2 .3 6 16 1 1 Sl*TnucadPidpe _ - _ _ _ 0 - 0 - I - - _ 0 Senl 1A 27 -19 -13 -6 1 -10 8 _ _ 15 2 -7 SqcEdlcs 6 6 1 8 14 18 IS 19 17 16 35 S 4 18 Sienml.me -19 6 -31 -140 39 -23 22 32 3 4 7 13 -5 -7 Samaia _ .15 -1 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 6 _ S 5AAfica -765 251 -497 -116 -163 98 7 -5 -8 -5 -8 -197 -230 -25 Sud 0 0 0 0 a 0 0 0 0 0 - 0 0 0 Swazilad 17 0 9 23 54 42 60 19 34 42 26 24 6 38 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 15 62 _ 0 11 Togo 42 -10 17 7 7 13 7 8 12 19 2 34 13 9 Ugab -. 15 30 29 19 12 9 3 2 3 5 1 11 10 Zaire 56 6 6 5 10 11 12 U - - - 66 106 10 ZmabiaL 62 17 52 28 75 93 164 203 34 0 0 32 26 75 Zimbwe 2 -2 3 7 -31 40 -10 -12 3 15 4 0 0 -8 l;ORTIAFR - - .15 274 451 * 29 ' *;7 -.459 25 .S14 1R170 ELS . 217* 'l. 5;Z A4gdria 31S -14 -2 -64 -11 8 4 -4 .39 3 0 117 36 -13 Eglypt,AabRquliCe 541 146 212 219 176 124 124 136 141 359 439 582 311 215 lAbya -1,136 -17 119 -188 -230 42 90 54 _ -595 -423 -46 M O 89 47 20 1 60 85 167 165 320 424 577 36 S7 22S Tunisia 235 112 102 62 91 58 -74 .74 122 374 219 77 210 34 AILAFRICA 46f :1,470 991YI. t29 .1,425 1.471 3,082 ..1,340. 7.456 2.6911 .153 I * 491. 916 1lb ExlernaSctor 91 5-9. Net long-term borrowing MilWion of US dollars (ewrem prices) Anul average me i/ tsu 1 n85 s jrs7 DU n90 im m991 1992 is93 75-39 8o-s 06i '. . . -,Xa.t..... . . ... .... . .- SUB4AHAIIANAFJIC& t7.33 4. 3,239 6,303 -i2. 7- . 31 5 4246: - . -63 Angola 43 m 1.192 395 452 364 315 562 105 439 .116 3 29S 356 Beai 56 17 11 43 56 46 126 12 84 90 60 51 33 76 BodwNm 21 64 45 22 68 le 31 539 4 37 49 13 39 30 BudkiaFso 55 41 41 74 95 73 82 61 121 136 126 36 57 96 BSwum 35 75 59 n2 117 so as 69 a0 36 59 IS 58 so Cameroon 493 204 -149 96 97 2Zm 590 463 195 511 234 275 231 301 CapeVe 3 14 18 3 3 6 7 9 1 7 6 4 16 6 Cmlar Afict Rqeublic 24 25 43 73 82 86 59 107 94 41 53 14 26 74 Cad 3 S 0 28 41 53 82 101 - 3 144 54 26 6 74 C3oms 13 23 22 23 13 5 4 4 -2 17 3 7 17 9 Congo 483 20 209 124 92 319 -15 -42 -167 33 384 99 323 91 C(ft dvoire 1,016 372 102 5 273 113 33 m70 431 343 232 SO 602 304 Djiblc 8 39 30 19 21 12 3 19 13 17 13 2 16 is *EquioalGuines 13 0 8 19 18 20 19 9 7 13 13 1 14 1s Ethiopia 93 251 333 265 333 384 290 202 344 273 343 63 211 304 G*t -109 55. 133 329 194 231 130 152 67 6 63 178 -39 146 Gnmbia,llhe 51 10 13 32 22 13 17 4 12 37 7 10 24 19 Gak 143 46 127 294 257 260 229 z4 341 275 221 53 89 270 Guiea 47 -1 66 149 70 187 187 101 157 1S5 250 44 49 156 Guinea-Dissa 66 27 53 22 41 45 36 31 37 33 1S 14 33 33 Keya 430 190 153 319 368 337 504. 335 1S0 253 164 249 24 310 Leasho l 18 29 1S 40 37 33 40 38 51 42 8 23 38 ieia 60 91 54 29 27 4 -1 -1 -13 0 -12 55 65 4 Madagarear 319 In 155 267 230 160 174 127 149 65 92 37 239 158 Malawi 120 73 23 so 73 82 94 37 109 92 150 78 64 96 Mali 89 105 5s 161 118 103 147 124 109 105 49 45 108 115 3Maurtania 109 97 56 134 95 69 33 51 24 33 106 67 121 74 Maifius 79 44 is 1l 74 122 47 99 84 8 5 35 36 57 Pdwzmabiapae 0 310 363 372 307 118 158 185 73 166 134 0 229 190 Nknuibia - - -- - - NyWr 223 43 53 113 145 121 112 95 3 62 49 77 123 a8 Nigeria 1,510 -202 -1.110 94 942 351 957 -55 -273 -1,37S 5 534 1.234 1s Rwand 25 44 69 66 92 76 50 53 76 65 37 24 38 64 SioTWoum,d Pziucipr 9 14 7 11 9 11 16 16 43 20 32 3 9 20 Seegl 171 161 125 322 270 IIB 243 31 26 218 98 101 214 172 Seyhle 12 10 IS 26 12 3 1 3 3 6 -3 2 11 6 SiLeon 54 12 30 16 9 25 5 44 52 37 62 22 36 31 Somaia 106 142 111 im 72 63 64 43 13 0 0 74 154 45 SoulbAfiica_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ Sudan 657 241 aS 59 160 324 191 171 116 94 91 432 479 151 Swazilad 21 13 13 5 -9 -8 -4 -13 3 -10 -7 25 17 -S T anas 365 359 79 224 153 193 152 272 206 151 156 245 295 119 Tqo 82 Is 4 S 17 a 36 SS 48 34 9 137 34 37 Ugada 61 79 142 156 356 92 237 246 122 215 104 59 78 191 Zaimr 271 65 37 172 301 330 353 267 263 S4 53 339 153 224 Zambia 391 199 235 324 62 132 lei 64 102 135 160 193 228 136 Zimbabwe 93 100 47 14 30 -2 131 177 233 372 258 70 m 152 MR_fICA] : _ : . 4.925 : 3,.: 3,. 3 3.3: 1,7ft- 1,2 ,95t:.:I.1: 35.'.'35 . 5.83. .5J6S v*2.C216 Algria 3a69 784 423 951 641 159 455 113 -583 215 -479 2.496 383 362 Eg4t,AmblRqoabbe 2,515 2,54 2,549 1.759 164 1.3 499 309 507 56 405 13948 2,795 820 Iibya - _ _ _ _ - - - - - - _ _% Mro 1,188 970 531 762 814 727 562 677 632 S60 182 997 992 , 621 Tunisia 352 269 320 297 10 246 137 145 349 354 276 395 346 233 ~._ 1127 _ -4, 5 82 Exeran Sector 5-10. Other capital flows MlUions of US dollarscurmnt prices) Anaual average 198 19J4 1985 J986 1987 1988 1989 1990 In) 1992 1993 7S-779 I4s 865MR £UBSAAM?AlICgt. mX^^;y2,563'pA.5ZIi~. -> AlGa )1ls>y .2,671t> ; .63 *l35 :331 -310 T.08 ,, -t cSaSSali~~~~.j.tct? A? .~~T,, -Zj32........... :.,'2 w ..-29r w9V ,Z;--.a$ '''.-.' 1 .257............ 3,40 -337 --3.20t3 . 4 *36 El J&cLSA ~zii 9:! . rT-14 1,133 - g>Y: r -.- 3,297.. (404 3- -.1- eIf0:c,; 1... V U!:,201 -,. ',>',r ..........:. -:-.8 0V%c7%..-.K:. -3r:: '9~~ 3.233 Angib -43 -467 -1,644 -367 -1,001 23 -389 10 -142 235 413 -3 -470 -152 hale -32 40 -16 20 16 36 -123 -45 24 -21 -19. 5 32 4 Bea 103 6S 7S IU -2X4 137 5 170 133 37 259 48 106 70 BuidFi 5 -5 27 9 -13 11 -244 35 4 -25 23 14 10 -25 Busd 62 49 -S -n -29 4 S -38 4 46 14 -15 17 44 -24 Camemano -63 -713 -162 314 426 571 -60 555 677 316 520 -in -163 415 CapeVatde 4 42 5 -9 5 -6 -9 5 -6 10 -6 -1 -4 -2 Cenrl AficauRepebic 31 7 47 10 -70 93 -13 -24 -34 26 -19 4 0 4 na -20 -2 12 -13 : a5 -2 -U -24 -95 -1 -20 47 40 Cmngo -3 4 -1 -4 10 -9 -7 1 6 -3 4 -7 -2 -2 CoMe - -303 -461 -62 445 12 119 101 411 563 195 53 83 -140 246 Ce dbirc S0 -346 -165 299 75S 1,049 665 554 1.037 1,185 992 -37 86 317 Djibanti 4 a 18 5 4 -12 29 72 19 19 27 -2 0 20 F nqmad G1inm -31 7 -1 -15 - 3 4 4 -2 -26 -5 -2S -2 45 -9 Ediiogia -7 -39 -163 -50 -72 -200 -166 444 68 -248 -127 -26 43 -17 Gambi -203 459 .43 492 38 243 66 -In -60 -18 -32 -360 468 6- GUUm1iU,Th 17 -17 -22 -39 -33 -22 -53 42 -7 43 -3 0 -2 -30 -us -284 -77 62 -285 -99 -23 14 33 189 -22 442 -36 -23 31 GuinCE -41 2 -64 -20 .44 -17 -259 94 92 32 -44 -32 -50 -21 -ta ia 6 5 4 5 -28 -3 -5 -13 -2 51 12 -14 -12 2 KGi3- 176 -11 -11Z -I2 49 21 178 134 49 -419 251 64 0 10 ehg -28 -19 -17 -2 -70 -40 -71 -105 43 -34 86 4 -31 40 fLbmia - -147 -160 -90 -31 52 -3 12 2 13 0 14 -122 -134 7 Madagascar 294 45 5 -71 -48 60 -6 -26 47 65 66 21 61 3 Maldy! 113 1 10 9 46 83 12 19 117 37 -11 23 57 39 Mai 25 -37 29 -4 -2 43 -2 61 33 0 73 20 4 23 Muitnia- - 2 4 28 36 45 15 5 -73 9 12 -52 29 23 -1 Mawtus 56 25 19 8 63 99 166 213 117 66 120 3 It 107 Mozebiquc 335 -471 -12 59 lIS 234 259 204 220 229 157 0 t1l 18S NamIbia 33 -82 -154 -239 -24 49 -24 42 -365 -202 84 _ -40 S5 ger 15 41 23 -131 -40 1 -17 -14 -9 21 -178 4 0 -46 irg_ .-1524 370 -1.446 -1,105 -1.429 -970 -2,745 -2,540 -1,002 -5.516 -5 - -173 -91 -1,914 twauda -36- -10 -19 13 11 -6 -13 25 19 13 41 -6 3 13 SITSm6and4FI cipe -22 -7 9 6 0 -4 -11 -4 -14 5 -32 -2 0 -7 Senegal - 147 53 152 -36 25 175 21 96 149 97 222 2D 75 94 Scydiclcs 6 -4 3 -3 -1 4 10 -48 -13 -16 21 0 6 -2 SiOxUaLgow 115 -16 1 -I -17 9 24 0 59 41 42 51 37 20 Somalia 12 -5 0 47 55 33 72 41 -13 0 0 0 -0 29 Sash Afica -1.952 811 -2,651 -3.196 -1.351 -2,012 -1,059 -1,893 -1,547 -980 -3.584 -165 55 -1.961 Szud 60-233 215 Is 334 43 25 56 64 1.424 1,323 -91 -78 34 533 STailaa 130 53 12 -33 47 -6 -11 -41 -27 31 -6 -9 66 -32 Targauia 90 32 290 120 224 110 157 293 91 260 31 -7 121 173 Toga -31 14 32 23 -2 41 29 73 16 -12 -21 -43 34 6 Uga1 . -33 -43 -139 -14S -227 114 -7 -39 18 -79 -16 -56 09 48 Zaxe -4 97 -209 217 418 251 440 444 -250 40 -53 -4 44 173 Zambiab 79 -199 2S7 -02 41 121 39 470 226 19 20 -52 120 104 Zimbabwe 63 -44 108 28 77 27 -163 -1 144 156 18 33 120 35 ~~~~~~~~.~~~~~~X Mbys -92 -197 -421 -1S5 -1.123 -315 83 9-1,39 -692 -1,377 -413 -503 -50 -66 EIpA 4AbIC -1,923 -716 -259 - 496 431 1.6Z8 2,447 2,938 1.782 -65 -707 -1,146 1,061 Libya 4-671 --248 -337 5m 276 392 1,223 -1,097 4150 520 35 -379 24 2 Tus -94 -05 237 -247 -779 -1,040 68 1.01 561 389 -104 257 46 -13 T _ni .a -160 289 -59 17S SS -7S -77. 131 -S8 315 40 -f2 S 3 6 iELAFRK:A . -5:m02 *-3j4 .-5.609 -L,S'J ..1 .4V0 91R !06 4.454 .- 1M 402 .. .2,1N2 4,3VU 41 l.__ ......_ ........ .. ..._........ . ..._.. ...............f__ .. _f cbaamaehs _ iadSa ._hesag h t ___. 5-1)or I....s bcnhg1 __9 ab...._ £xternal Sector 83 5-11. Use of reserves Miltan of USdoran (c7wtpricq Amnnu avera-A 19 1984 1983 196 I7 19IM 189 1991 1991 " t92 1993 7579 80-8 864 M. 1. r955. -539 -2,H35 4.072 -349 33 gm .. 211 .1.187 - -M9 . Siiflil;ca~-~ tg: :............... .2Ur . 3 *6 949 -43: -m2 -Z=4 -3.716 -)35f9 39 471 S -'8 fida. 3Z . 29' .-547 -387 464 .-1,140 -2 -1.499 -237 -871 10 673 *UX Angol .. -73 -21 41 -17 -49 6 -2 48 0 -12 -37 Bitin 7 1 -I 1 1 -1 9 -58 -104 -68 11 5 I -26 Bswm_ -90 -124 -254 -307 -S62 -382 -576 -307 -387 -74 -308 -61 -6 -363 BEud*Faso -11 -35 -6 46 -37 -36 63 -2 -36 -16 -34 5 -17 -20 Bmundi -2 2 -13 -24 7 -3 -35 4 57 46 7 -12 8 *4 Caoo -144 216 -33 201 S18 75 127 53 30 57 219 -1 4 .160 Cae Vedk 0 5 -14 -1 -24 4 7 -2 12 -13 0 -3 -2 -3 CUSZIAAfi1cRqJURpiC -15 -6 20 -3- - -8 -1 9 10 0 -13 6 2 -3 0.6 5 -24 22 17 -17 14 -34 8 3 39 40 2 -3 9 C0miam 4 6 -6 -3 -9 4 -5 5 3 -2 0 0 -1 0 Cmgo -59 8 2 10 5 -2 -2 -119 31 80 2 0 0 1 catd'lvoit 136 24 -33 -77 -S0 -S0 -415 S4 -59 -176 -25 17 133 -74 DJlboot - 10 46 -3 -10 - 5 -35 -6 17 8 - 2 -3 Equatorial Cuin 13 46 -3 -1 4 -3 1 2 -1 -4 15 1 2- - E&iqia 40 42 -48 -165 21 190 10 73 -147 466 -19 23 18 -35 Gabos -96 -13 61 132 135 19 35 -_26 -73 209 35 17 -37 33 GumbL The 6 -2 -4 -3 -14 -26 4 -7 -32 -40 -3 4 4 -15 Ghana 96 67 -60 30 66 -170 -160 -04 -297 103 -91 -20 66 -W Gtinea -30 -2 -2 -14 0 35 4 -17 2 1 -4 0 -3 I1 Gsinea-Bissm 0 4 -17 -4 41 -13 8 -2 to -u3 3 1 3 -2 Kena 202 -60 56 -129 36 54 -164 4 -3 257 -415 -63 74 -46 Legt 43 .8 -5 -12 0 7 9 -17 45 -7 0 0 45 -14 Libeuia 41 33 -S 3 - 0 - -10 -1 - 0 - 8 38 -1 Mupn -56 -22 24 -55 -42 -71 -50 128 - -15 -14 15 7 --18 Mulawi 17 -27 21 1 44 -11l 33 43 -31 94 -21 17 IS --13 Mail, -1 12 42 -1 4 45 46 -12 -7 -26. 1 9 -41 Muuituia -S 10 25 22 6 12 -22 25 -16 3 10 4 10 -- 5 Mulifin -17 -19 -17 -121 -219 -184 -145 -232 -191 -43 -7 26 19 -143 Mamnbique 32 -23 21 -24 43 0 19 -6 -13 -39 -6 42 -14 Namibia - - - - - _ - -39 14 7 44 _ - -26 Niger 46 -31 .-3 46 -14 -39 16 2 5 -45 23 -13 4 -7 Ngria -4,373 -43 489 478 -47 437 -1,15 -2,478 -640 3.27 -_ -20 312 42 Ramda -29 -8 0 -28 13 2B 49 1 45 4 31 -30 3 4 SKTm6andhiqdpc 12 S -1 1 4 4 6 1 0 0 0 -5 5- 2 S_we 55 26 14 -4 17 -33 -56 44 -2 -43 -19 13 36 - 2 Seychdks -a 2 0 1 4 4 -4 *4 -10 -4 4 -1 0 -3 Sicnal is 21 -4 -15 -1 -8 3 -7 -12 -16 -21 7 16 -9 Somalia 18 18 -7 -24 -13 3 20 -3 _ _ _ 4 11 --3 Sownh Afica -7n 525 526 160 -1,422 766 -2 35 -1,110 402 1,777 129 202 -139 Sda 140 7 100 -13 220 281 172 102 112 29 0 57 113 113 Swazilnd -37 8 5 -7 -20 -14 -50 -11 -13 -9S 45 -20 4 -21 Tanza 66 -32 6 -23 69 -2 20 -139 -37 -129 118 12 - -15 Top 2 -45 -26 22 38 43 -42 -34 -n 64 94 1 -35 20 Ugna 55 41 -37 -3 5 -4 14 23 13 -26- 14 5 34 6 Zaire -35 156 37 20 415 -4 -194 482 43 26 - 37 1OS .4S 7abia 6 135 -145 100 71 -51 -82 -140 41 -37 -70 92 69 -34 Zmbabwe 37 46 412 -5S -124 -102 50 7 105 73- -185 -39 43 -29 ' -= ~~- 4A Z20-- et4P S.6 4-T' -| 64 =89.Y fi. . ;.- ~. . 73 2 CdC)2.. - :.- _.3 ~,-17S 7 ...... r- - . 1j35 ~~~~ 48e.-3 .o 3j12 jl --139 2 -3710 A%geia -1,341 333 -1.020 1.498 352 757 705 -138 -1,047 -U9 -347 -104 -110 205 EsMyAzabRqpbic -98 -125 -3Y0 413 -746 -336 144 -256 -5,90 -4,80! -1,73 -OS -3S9 --1764 Libya 64407 1.721 -2,362 -224 1,082 1,392 -292 -1,15B ISO -520 -35 -507 149 49 Mco - 236 174 51 -30S -270 -233 -6 -1,693 4.167 -946 -227 22 222 406 Tunisia -67 100 225 84 -128 -441 65 L23 55 -97 -7 -23 0 -60 AI RJ Z Al,L7CA -IJ.Sb 2.43 .l,N3 I -11 1.7 1IS,4 -.V6 *7.1Y3 IYIB -3AI6 -1.423 .1.1804 1.00A -1.101 Not Ezelad. DS. .e_h_ aa.i_u..wi.d....h_Tu.u.-t.a 4u.b..o..q_ 84 Eternal Sector 5-12. Inport coverage ratio of reserves R1eve in montks of imnpns ofgoo and wserviW Annua average 1989 198 19 1916 1917 I9M 198 199191991 1992 1993 75 -79 80 86.MR SUB-SH AFREA 3 I 2. 2.2 ..2. 2 2 3 2 2 3 2 2 .xeluding.SeumAhnca . .:3 2*- . 1 i* 2 2 2 3 3 2 2 1 2 2' .SAhiad&Nipiia .:- .1 2:.. : *2 2 2 2. 2 .22 3- 2 2 2 1 2i Angola - - - - - - - - Benin 0 # 0 0 0 0 0 1 4 4 4 1 0 7 olsdsa 4 6 11 14 1l is 18 17 12 - _ 4 6 17 Bud=aFanso 2 3 3 5 6 5 4- 4 5 4 5 2 2 5 BUINNI 6 1 2 3 3 3 5 4 5 6 7 7 2 4 Camoemm I O I 0 0 1 0 0 0 a 0 1 1 0 capevade 6 5 7 6 a s 6 6 5 4 - a 5 6 CcoaIAficRepb1ic 2 3 2 2 3 5 4 3 4 4 5 2 3 4 chw 2 3 1 1 2 2 3 3 3 2 1 1 2 2 Conmuo 2 1 2 3 4 3 5 4- 3 3 - - 2 4 cow I 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 CBtcdlvcirc 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 a 0 0 0 1 0 0 Elbod i 2 2 3 3 - 2 3 3 2 2 _ 2 2 F4=wW Gaime - _ I 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 - 0 t3h;~a 4 1 2 3 -2 1 1 1 1 3 s 7 3 2 GabonI 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 2 0 0 1 1 1 Gambia,Th 0 0 0 2 2 1 1 3 3 4 - 3 0 2 Gha- 3 6 7 7 3 3 4 2 4 3 3 3 5 4 Guinns Guines-Ejaumi - _. 0 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 _ 2 Kmya ~~ ~~ ~~~2 3 3 2 1 1 1 1 1 0 3 2 1 -ew&n I 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 2 2 _ - I 1 Eibaja 0 0 0 0 0 - - - . -. I 0 0 . :aasa a 1 1 2 3 4 4 1 1 - I 1 2 Maawi 1 2 1 1 2 4 2 3 3 1 1 2 1 2 Mali 1 1 I a 0 1 2 3. 4 4 S 0 1 2 Ma :itmia 4. 2 1 1 1-. I- 2 1 2 1 _ 2 2 1 Mu_idds 2 1 1 2 3 4 4 5 6 5 4 2 1 4 Mlniue - 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 _ - _ 1 2 Nanihi - - - 0 - Niqgr 2 2 3 6 5 5 5 5 S 6 6 3 2 5 Nlena 6 2 2 3 2 1 3 5 4 1 5 2 3 Rwa 7 4 4 5 4 3 2 1 4 3 1 4 5 3 SI. TO6 dpincip. _ _ _ - _- - - - - - - - - Sanepl 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Sechles 2 1 I 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 SiaraLem 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 Somalia 0 0 0 0 I I 4 0 1 SowhAfica 4 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 2 1 1 3 2 1 Sdan 0 0 0 0 0 I 1 .0 0 0 _0 0 0 Swaui][and 3 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 4 4 4 2 3 Tanaa 0. 0 D I a I 0 1 1 2 - . 2 0 1 ToP 1 6 7 6 6 4 5 5 6 S 4 2 4 5 Ugand 0 2 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 Zaire 2 1 2 2- 2 1 1 1 - - - I I I Zambia I 1 2 1 1 I I I I - I I I I rinbabwc 3 2 3 2 3 2 2 2 1 2 3 2 2 2 NORlHMRIGU * ..6.~ 4. - 3 .4 *4... . 4 3 4 4 . 4 44 6 3 4 4 5 4 3 3 4 3 4 4 4 4 Egy ArabRcubIc 3 1 1 2 3 2 2 3 4 9 10 2 2 4 Lya 13 S. 11 14 12 9 S 9 _ . _ - 7 8 10 Mcoco 2 1 1 1 2 2 1 3 4 5 5 2 1 3 T_isia 2 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 1 2 2 2 2 _A . _ _ . _.A __ ___.__ ___ .__ ___ ALr-WFG * 4 *2 3. 3 .2 2 3 3 3. 4 * .J 3 3 N"ffi",za^,"y_d aZf sea.oP Externat Sector 85 5-13. Export unit values Aerage annual Inde 19871 pe ntageg th Ja80 tt iNS 19J6 *987 5 J9l 1990 i i91m 1992 n9w 7-7n so80-s 864- SUD- -SAMARANAF . 436. 12 - --110 *103 -93 100.. r . 13 exel g S ca 143 126 - u - 94 100 U4 '. 27 -0 ecat. LAOfra&Nigcria 123 V 10 104 fl 100 16%t35A 10 91 3 .- 9 15 -7 Angola 117 125 129 101 1O0 95 119 137 120 7. 5.9 1i3 Benin- 132 117 106 o 100 D a 94 104 97 87 _ 131 -3 -03 Bctswma 98 88 6 96 100 122 161 178 1SS 175 - 5.4 -1.6 13.0 BuriuaFslso 123 103 90 83 100 103 114 119 115 104 - 7.1 -35 39 BDu^d 126 119 116 149 100 94 76 56 51 45 - 242 -2 -153 Camaoc 145 131 125 91 100 96 91 89 82 79 - 153 -IA -52 CopeVeade SY 73 66 79 100 128 132 121 119 120 - 7.0 -3D 85 CaUriAfiAOi RCDbREc 111 99 9n 101 100 97 87 s0 77 72 145 -23 4A4 CLad 126 90 33 39 I1D 94 103 112 111 92 - 3.1 -6 Z7 Camos 182 72 8S 113 100 125 31 103 103 102 _ 11.4 -12.6 02 CARP 149 133 12 31 100 E1 97 123 103 103 - 10.5 1.6 0.6 COW divobre 122 110 104 W109 W 94 36 84 79 76 - 17.7 -2.5 -52 Dpbouli 70 J 0 83 96 100 1 12 112 114 114 116 - 39 3.0 4.4 EquumiulCilub 72 79 56 72 1OD 101 32 99 107 97 - 8. -66 6.S Ehioa 119 114 110 136 100 104 101 94 99 93 - 21.3 -2.1 -35 Gabca 139 124 118 83 100 85 101 125 106 106 - 98 12 1.6 lnbiaThe 347 133 110 103 10 111 141. 156 143 133 _ 4.4 -3.8 5.6 Gina 120 107 99 92 100 101 .4 68 5 53 19.3 -4.0 -92 Goie 65 63 66 92 100 105 107 125 It5 103 _ 123 13 6.0 Guina-Bsa 29 77 S7 49 100 124 138 127 129 133 - 13.4 13.9 112 Keya 130 326 1lO 120 100 101 96 89 3 79 _ 112 -0.8 -53 Lesotho 93 3o El 95 100 131 129 IOS 113 125 - _1 -1.9 43 LibUia 120 100 94 93 100 100 104 112 117 114 - 5.7 -2.7 3.5 Madasr 112 103 IOS 120 100 113 109 103 101 IW - 15.2 -1.3 4-4 2aawi 133 114 90 100 100 103 107 110 109 106 - 43 -4.1 2.3 AMai 119 105 85 31 100 102 111 117 116 l3O - 4.9 -2.9 4.0 2avritnia 110 99 10 I10 100 97 108 12 135 123 _ 19 -05 4.5 mar;idtus 90 71 72 37 100 I02 107 1IS 116 125 _ -1.2 -3.0 7.1 Mez__biqu _ -_ - _ _ _ _ _ _ Namibia 135 92 SI 37 100 113 122 128 107 107 6.5 -5.1 45 Niger IB 12. I20 111 100 143 140 134 121 118 _ 7.3 -0.7 14 NIgeria 1S0 163 148 83 100 30 96 122 10 101 93 1i5 -I.0 Rwanda 126 118 Iii 153 100 103 91 79 81 65 164 -t. -93 SSoTohaFadPdncipe 133 133 124 127 100 12 129 202 106 89 12.9 -35 -13. Swept 119 109 99 94 100 106 -114 124 122 115 _ 13 -13 3.7 S9ychefles 165 165 143 84 100 10 1W 1t9 130 131 5.9 2.0 25 Slena c 106 100 95 99 100 109 106 104 99 9S _ 93 -15 0.1 Somalia Il0 95 9t Sy 10 107 110 109 112 104 _ 132 -35 2.9 SouhAOica 117 90 33 91 100 103 107 114 113 115 _ IA -43 4.7 Soda 130 117 95 36 100 105 117 123 1t7 10 n 5.4 -Z 33 SwzIlad 127 76 54 73 100 91 110 116 118 113 72 -11. 102 Tamnz 113 101 94 lO0 I0 102 99 94 90 84 _ 1112 -27 -2.3 TagD 142 122 107 10S 100. 107 115 114 114 10 t -5.0 -22 12 Ug;ada 135 125 120 156 100 96 80 2 S7 50 _ 21.6 -23 -142 Zairc 122 96 92 99 100 123 129 116 WS 101 _ 3.5 -43 1.6 Zambia 121 79 B1 78 100 144 159 150 13 129 - -01 -6.5 89 Zimbabwe 112 94 85 34 100 121 124 13 122 119 _ 5.7 -223 S9 34RNor.YIABWA 2 *'r* &-t f .?. Algeia 178 160 5 3a 100 30 97 124 103 102 _ 3.7 23 -1.6 Egyp.Aab Rtpub1ic IS8 143 119 91 100 100 109 122 112 113 - 1.0 02- 1.6 libya 160 143 139 81 100 So 97 124 103 103 _ 9.7 22 -0-1 Maocco 112 90 86 92 100 112 104 lS 112 110 _ .0.7 -3.4 3.7 Tuisia 130 101 97 91 100 103' 106 122 113 115 6.0 -2.4 3.5 A..lAFR.CA6: 344 : :W:20 1137. :K9:.. 95 :103 -116 -.105 :.C- .. .7i _-:.2 -t0. 86 External Sector 5-14. Import unit values Average anmal Index 1987=100 per gcntagrOwth sa1 IM 1985 196 1987 I1 1959 1990 1991 1992 1993 75-79 50- 86-M i g SU-D>«i-S.AH EA . ...... . ... ... ... . aFBJC&! . ' i: 36 16 93 ,,, 1| ,'104 105 _ 1|4: -U.;:S - 113 >16 s-s .. .....--90f i 01 41 Augola 50 SO 87 95 100 III 114 131 120 122 _ 9.6 1L 3 BclD 116 l1s 103 103 I10 309 113 120 117 118 - 102 -0.9 26 Botswan 99 90 38 92 1i0 119 101 11 113 113 - 12 0.5 3. BurtimaFasO 91 aS 83 93 100 1o 113 121 116 119 - 6.3 42 5.1 Bunmdi 95 81 1S 94 1o0 110 111 117 115 117 _ 7.1 -0.1 43 Cmnoae 96 90 90 100 IW 110 111 1IS 116 120 _ 3.7 0.1 4.0 CzeVerde 103 84 35 96 100 113 117 121 llt 120 - 12 -3.9 5.0 Ctai Afticanlcpibe 91 IS 86 as IW 110 112 119 117 120 - RS -02 5.5 Chad 126 90 77 89 100 107 111 12D 116 IIS _ IS.1 -9.1 6.1 Comavs 96. 69 70 87 100 102 91 119 117 121 13.3 -43 7.1 Cap 97 S8 sB 93 100 l1 Ill i11 117 I2 - B.9 -0.5 4.6 cam iwake 106 97 95 91 IW 105 III 121 116 IIB 1 9.1 -05 4.0 D-pbfi 62 D 83 96 100 III 113 11 i1S IID - BO S3 4.B EqumialGui 107 12 40 53 10 104 91 81 S1 101 - 16.7 -16.6 10.0 EMhO 101 95 95 104 100 106 110 119 116 113 3.9 0.5 32 Gan 90 84 84 95 100 110 I11 Ila 117 120 . 9.7 -05 4.9 Gamaia The 13 106 9S 98 100 110 113 119 117 119 - 7.1 -25 3.7 Chm 102 94 93 89 100 101 1o0 122 l1S 116 - B2 0.0 43 Gaimea 43 S0 5S 92 100 105 110 119 119 123 _ 112 5.1 93 GoSna-Bim9 79 IS 96 49 10D 112 15S 120 117 20 _ 16.0 13 B.1 Keya 105 99 - 96 as 1o 104 103 120 l1S 117 - 9J 0.5 4.1 f. 67 63 59 13 100 I1 133 156 169 136 _ 8J -1D 172 Libeda 113 110 97 91 l10 106 112 122 116 118 _ 1.0 -08 3.9 madaa_ 11U 109 107 91 10 104 109 120 1 1S lS - S3 -0.1 2 malawi 92 as 36 91 100 104 10o 120 115 1IS - _ 3 04 4U Mfali 102 96 93 93 100 103 110 12 115 117 - 4.0 02 4.1 hbiZania 101 90 90 86 1o0 110 112 1i9 117 119 _ 6.6 -1.5 4.9 Mauitis 91 88 87 91 10 105 110 12D 119 13 _ 6.1 -07 5.3 Nanahib 104 87 67 73 100 102 101 106 114 113 - 5.3 -1.6 7. Nu- 106 97 95 95 100 106 111 122 116 11 - 72 -0.1 39 Nigula 97 8S 8 -1 10 10 ill 112 1ll 117 120 3 .2 -05 41 RP da 111 10 101 93 100 107 103 109 109 112 - 9.3 -0.4 1.7 SIOTom6adPiacdpm 118 94 94 105 100 101 1 114 120 113 _ 9.1 -23 33 Senegl 113 99 94 91 100 I0 106 10B 10 103B _ 62 -1.4 L1 Seydclles 110 97 93 92 100 106 111 121 116 II1 - 7.3 -03 3.7 SierTem 100 90 99 94 100 105 112 123 116 11i - 7.1 -0.4 4.5 SOnlia 94 36 35 94 100 1ll 113 113 116 119 - 7.3 -0.6 4.7 SwuldAhica 14 79 79 91 100 91 96 104 107 111 - 93 -02 4.e Sudan 110 94 89 96 100 107 112 121 116 1n _ 6.6 -.9 43 Svazilad 124 110 10 14 100 97 110 115 110 113 939 4.0 52 Tanunia 101 94 92 93 100 105 109 120 115 l1 - 79 -02 4.0 Tqp 110 97 91 l10 100 110 113 119 117 119 7.1 -13 3.9 Uada. 90 14 34 90 10 104 10 120 115 117 - 5.7 0.6 5.1 Zaa 91 14 33 91 100 109 112 120 116 119 8.4 -02 52 Zamlia 97 90 90 37 100 104 101 120 115 111 .1 0.4 4.7 Zimbabwe 94 87 16 91 100 105 108 120 115 117 1.7 -0.3 4.8 AOWN HXmiU - 9K -1 * 90 o 91. 4 110 I I i I20 l 117 . 75 .*43 4.3 Algnia 100 92 iO 98 -00 114-115 118 117 119 - 7.7 4.7- -4. Egypt.A-bRRepubic 101 93 91 95 100 113 115 118 116 119 - 6.3 -0.1 4.1 Lilz 35 79 81 13 100 111 112 113 116 119 1 .9 02 5.6 MTGUoo 112 101 93 90 1W 114 112 128 124 109 - 5.9 -05 39 Tmnisa 103 94 92 93 100 108 111 119 116 1l1 73 .02 42 ALJAFC .A. . 94:. 3 - :13" *93 100 :e36. ...1 6: 116. *1 . 116;:. . ..1. 42 External Sector 87 5-15. Tenns of trade Average annua Inde 1987=100 percentggrowt i.; 1984 1915 198w Ira- I98 1959 199 1991 10992 193 75-79 50-85 It SUB-&A11AEANA1 R1C&. *A4---.. . s .120'"-'i99 .-00. -:5~ 100 99 92 a..i&.'"m.-...-I. :2:4 -:2 :~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~8< >.zh.sIa^ 42g -549 accludhgSoulhAftical. .: 154 133. ifl.. .400 100 ~~~~~~~9 3 . - 94D. cxci. &AftieaANlgeria - - . 123 121P 135 105 . 100 ~~~~~957 "95 90. 35. 71.. 1. Angola 232 156 147 107 100 86 104 1O$ 99 93 - .1.6 -4.5 -33 BenSin 114 III 103 77 100 a1 33 87 83 74 _ 3.2 -2.9 -2. Eoisu 99 93 97 104 100 102 160 160 164 149 _ -2.6 -12 8.8 BurkinaFaso 135 127 108 90 iw 96 101 99 99 B _ 0.8 -33 -11 BDunudi 133 136 133 158 100 85 68 48 44 38 _ 15.9 -2.1 -18.7 Cuensn IS5 146 139 98 IW 87 12 76 70 66 _ 6.1 -1.7 43 CapcVatd 86 87 73 83 100 113 112 100 101 100 SJ.7 03 3.3 CensalAfricanRqeublic 122 116 107 its 100 88 77 67 66 61 _ 5.5 -2.1 -9.3 Cad 100 IW 109 100 IW 3 93 94 96 73 - -10.4 2.7 -3.2 Coamus 190 104 126 130 lO0 122 89 87 87 84 - -1.7 -K6 -6.4 Conpo 154 151 145 87 100 74 87 104 59 86 - 1.5 22 -3.8 Cflelvaire 114 113 110 12D 100 89 77 69 63 65 - 79 -2.0 -8S D"ihoui 11 1W 10 1W 1O 101 99 97 99 99 - -3.7 -272 -0.3 EqUatDul Guinea 68 96 142 36 100 97 90 122 132 96 - -6 12.0 -29 Eopia 118 119 117 131 100 98 92 79 15 79 - 11.4 -26 -65 Gabon 154 147 140 87 100 77 90 106 91 39 - 02 17 -3-1 Gamnbia,11We 120 125 116 105 1W 100 125 131 122 112 - -25 -1.3 18 -lma 117 114 106 03 100 100 78 53 51 45 - 10.3 -4.0 -13.0 G-na 150 126 120 10 100 100 97 105 97 14 . 1.0 -337 -3.0 GuincaBissau 37 90 91 100 1O0 111 120 106 110 115 - -22 125 2.9 Kca 124 17. 114 137 IW 97 19 74 72 67 - 1.4 -1.3 -94 Lesoiho 138 128 138 122 I1 109 97 67 67 67 - -0.6 -09 -105 Lberia 106 100 97 102 100 95 93 92 101 96 - -2.1 -1.9 -05 95 94 93 132 100 109 100 16 3 as5 - 6.4 -1.2 -42 Malawi 151 132 104 110 100 91 9S 92 95 90 - -3.7 -4.4 -3 Mali 116 109 95 87 100 99 101 96 100 86 _ 0.9 -3.1 -02 Masriluin 101 110 113 119 100 89 96 1O5 115 107 _ -45 1.0 44 Mauritias 92 81 13 96 100 97 98 96 97 102 _ -75 -3 L7 Mbnniqxe - - - - - '' - - - .. - - intia 129 106 121 112 100 112 121 121 93 95 _ 1.1 -3.5 -2.3 Niser 116 124 126 117 100 135 131 110 104 10 _ 0.0 -0.6 -23 Nigeria 186 135 167 83 100 72 8S 103 87 34 _ 1.4 2.0 -5.0 vaada 113 116 116 156 100 97 89 72 74 5S _ 6.4 -A4 -10.° SloTomiaidprind cMe ISS 141 131 121 100 113 101 177 8S 75 _ 35 -64 -45 SeeWa 105 110 106 95 100 98 105 114 112 106 -4.6 0.1 1.6 Seydclles 149 170 145 91 100 101 90 98 112 111 _ -1.3 2.3 -42 Sierr e 106 111 106 105 100 104 95 aS 15 80 _s 2.0 -ID -4.2 Somalia 117 110 107 95 100 96 97 93 97 57 _ S5 -2.9 -12 SmulhAfica 140 114 105 100- 100 1O III 109 105 104 _ -72 -4.0 0.7 Sudan 11S 124 106 90 100 98 105 102 100 91 4 -1.1 -09 -05 SwSaziUI 102 69 68 87 100 94 100 101 107 100 _ -25 -3.1 4.7 Tam2iD 112 103 101 116 100 97 92 79 73 71 _ 3.1 -25 -61 TqgD 129 126 I1S 105 100 98 102 96 98 91 -118 -0.9 -2.7 U Eua 149 149 143 173 lo 92 74 52 49 42 - 15.0 -2.9 -18.4 Zaire 134 114 111 109 I1O 118 116 97 90 35 - -4.3 -4.1 -3.4 Zambia 125 13 90 90 100 139 147 125 114 109 - -7.6 -6 4.0 Znmb;bw ' 111 - OS 100 92 100 115 11S 103 106 101 - -U -2.6 1.0 l1:ll: Al Rl1.A 1I1. ;% l 11 I'd' :1 Nl j1 filt 'Al *rl 1 i 1' 1 Algera 179. 175 174 91 100 70 34 105 BB 16 - 0.9 3.1 -5.5 EgnyP Arab RcPUbEC 157 15S 131 96 I10 89 95 103 97 95 - _-D 1.0 -24 ibya 187 111 171 93 100 73 17 105 39 86 - 0.7 13 -5.4 Morocco 10 89 S8 103 100 107 93 92 91 10 - -62 -2.9 0.1 Tunisia 127 103 105 93 100 95 96 102 98 97 -1.2 -ZI -0.6 AULArRICA 53. .36 128 . Y7* 1(O I 95 100 . 91 .89 :_: . *. 1.1 -3.3 IS ~~~~~~~~~ExtdemrniSector 5-16. Value of merchandise exports Averag annua M-iltons of US dolar pecet ge grwth 1950 194 195 1 19 19 19W m 19.8 1959 1994 1991 1992 1993 7S-79 80-55 5-MR Anpola 1.90 2,033 2,246 1332 2,168 2,516 3015S 3.910 3,410 3,333 .. 4.1 2.3 11.2 Bsia 49 167 150 103 114 71 97 36 99 111 - -10.9 3230 -3.0 B atia - - - - - flhxdniaP-so 90 79 71 33 155 142 95 152 143 142 .339 03.7 439 Blurundi 65 103 112 154 91 133 73 75 91 72 ..4, 6.3 8.7 Cluncroon 1,321 336 722 781 329 927 1,23 2,019 1,932 1,657 .3,4 -6.3 23.7 CapceVerde 4 3 6 4 3 3 7 6 4 4 --9.7 12.6 -10.2 CmIralAftimatepublic III 36 92 66 130 66 133 153 133 91 -1,5 2.1 1035 Chzad 71 131 62 99 109 144 155 194t 194 194 ..21A4 3.6 1339 Congo 955 1,183 I,03 777 973 937 1,247 1.439 1I1I0 1,234 - .0.1 7.4 4.8 Cmale ivaire 3,135 2,707 2,669 3,354 3,110 2,770 2,307 3.300 2,95 6,22 - 0.7 IA 125 DpbaWi 13 13 14 20 23 23 25 25 17 27 - -9.9 05 0.03 Eqnddd Guka - -- - - - - - - - - - - - BEtopia 424 417 333 464 371 421 452 294 167 169 - -35 -0.2 -LE Gabon 2,19 2.011 1,951 1,271 1,233: 1,196 1,597 2,464 2,27 2,303 - 2.4 -1.7 6.1 Ga.bia,flc 31 49 43 35 40 Ss 27 40 42 47 - 0.4 6.1 -t44 Guns 942 672 786 363 977 1,009 1,013 351 953 936 1,052 -9.0 -1.7 12.0 Gainc:.. - - -- - - - - - - - Gdnca-Bissa Il 17 12 1 1 16 16 14 19 20 6 - 14.2-12.3 -10.7 Kenya 1,313 1,011 957 1,168 916 1,034 970 1,020 1,107 1,339 - 8.9 -2.0 1.6 LIbera 597 449 436 404 382 3976 460 480 501 522 ..- 05 -22 0.4 Madagaca 387 340 237 317.- 331 274 316 290 291 .296 - -3.7 -3.5 0.9 Mbalawi 269 302 242 233 277 233 267 417 472 333 - 10.3 630 72 Mali 235 152 142 242 205 283 310 327 405 333 - 135 2.6 10DA Mamnisania 194 291 374 360 423 354 437 469 440 500 - 431 14.7 402 Mianrikin 420 333 454 662 921 994 986 1,221 1,218 1,336 - 5.1 52 730 Mozmniq- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Nign 530~~~~~~~S 291 249 313 395 354 293 291 272 271 - 402 -111 -2.9 NIgeria ~~~~~~25,963 12,00 13,113 5.900 7,33 6,275 7,371 13,67 12,264 11,36 .. 12 -10.6 7.2 Rounds - SloTao6aInIdDicipc - . . - . Senega 477 6534 562 625 605 617 751 733 652 672 - 3.1 4.3 -0.7 Sedufuics 5 26 25 2 6 14 12 14 16 .17 - 10.3 31.7 8.4 SimsaLuau 212 147 144 159 143 117 152 152 160 164 - -1. -&1 1.6 Seralia 133 44 91 35 104 64 75 60 s0 40 - -35 -7.5