(-F99 RP- 32 ANNTXUR, Annp7erPn tIn (, O C&(z NYn AS Vtwirinsal Aiminictrnutin wrnd WPrt rn Simnlmv CMA?rr% 1) Department, dated 8V21 999. RETROFPT RBEHA3ILITATION ACTION PI 1. Proiect Rebabilitarion unit: i)£he Project Rehabilitation Unit (PRU) shall be under tie directiorn of the District Collector, Thirvallur and is staffed by an Officer on Special3ity (OSD) in the rnk of an Assistant Prvject Ofi£icer of District Ruma Develoyment Agency (DRDA). The O' -'D shall be sssisted by two officers in the s ank of T ahsildar and four officers in the rank of Rovenue &Le-aorm Sisce a klrge majority of the aeTected v-ilages fallder t Thinivallur digrict;c i is considerd appropriate to locate PRU in ThhI vallur instead of two PRUs-on. for Thinrallur and another for Kancheepuram as envisaged in the Goveri:qat Oider (Ms) Nqc 44, Muicipal Administ-ation and Water Supply Departmet dated 26.3.*.- ii). All the above mentioned nificers Rhall be drawn fom other Government Departnte.-- for a peiod of 2 yersn or till the ond of implementation progrwne whichever is latei . . addition an NGCO working in the area siull be involved in Clo-ordinsfing the implementatioiu oi the income generation =ctivities uicludiug providilg initial trainn to the beneficia ies. 'Vtl NGO shall work in clogse association with the stff of PRIJ. Tbe PRU shall act ss :. implementing cell and ..plement anmd monitor tbe activities to be undert&en to rnie; .A. nnunitnments made by CMWSZ Bo;ird. IL Jefiabiaiozz Iem entation Committee: In order to oversee tne timely implementation of the progr-mme and take appropriate decisions from time to tine, a Rehabilitation Imploementation Commnittee (RIC) shall br- :WS ^ i 1LA13LE COAiX TV. Monitoaisf Committee. i. A hilgh IOI monitot iu,g cowinittee shall be conistituted under the Ch3innansh.ip of d3e Secretwy to Government, Municipal Adirinisfr'zion & Water Supply Depn-rtnent and other members of thle Couunitt"e include the Secretaries to Govermment, PWD, Revenue, Finance and Managing Dircltor of C'MWSS Board. The District Collector shall act as its Member-Se'-retary. ii. The objective of monitoring is to provide management with an efFective tool fri assess'g relhabilitation progess, identifying potential difficul6es and probleni areIis amd provide an early w.rning system for wa which need conrectiolL 'Te Committee shall riieet at leas( once in a quarter to review ieh progress of the implementation and tak-e appi-upriate decisions for- timely implementation of the pror'dniTrnre .S.Malthi secretxy to Governti-W //Trne copy/ o/th 0~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ / z s X F K ~~~~~- \ - .' / t g \ S \ 4~ / - F /- / 1'-, \ N / / ) S~~~~~~~~~N , J ,\I\ / , / g - - -- - '- - , - > , , \ - , />- / \7. ,_ -- , ;, __ V X, , i .oX s/ / '/'/ ' / IN' 'j', f,' / fX. . ,/ , / - - / . ,7 /,; / * ,- '/, - , I --.- -,- !~~- ' Third Chennai Urban Water Supply and Sanitation Project RESETTLEMENT ACTION PLAN Chennai Metropolitan Water Supply and Sewerage Board, Chennai October 1998 TABLE OF CONTENTS Executive Summar............................................................................... 1. INTRODUCTION ............................................................. 3 Background Project Description MIeasures Taken to Avoid Resettleraent Need for Retrofit Rehabilitation Irrigation Rights of Farmers Mlagnitude of Rehabilitation 2. RETROFIT SOCIO-ECONO M IC SUR-V-EY ........................................ 10 Introduction Methodology Socio-econornic Profile 3. REELA-BIlITATION POLICY AiND PROVISIONS ................................ 13 Introducuaon Objective E1igibility Criteria for Rehabilitation Benefits Policy Provisions 4. REHLABILITATION ACTION PLAN ................................................... 15 Introduction Institutional Arrangements and Implementation Mechanisms Costs and Budget Consultation and Participation Process Grievance Redress Mechanism Monitoring and Evaluation Cnteria for completion of Rehabilitation Programme Impact Evaluation ACRONYNIS ......... . ........... .. .. 22 ANNEXES 1. GO (3D) No.45 dated 5.12.95 (Second Chennai Urban Water Supply and Sanitation Project) ... 23 2. Socio-economic Survey Questionnaire ...................................................................... 29 3. Handbill on Socio-econornic Survey ...................................................................... 31 4. Government Order on Rehabiltation Policy ..................................................... .......... 33 Third Chennai Urban Water Supply and Sanitation Project Page 1 Resettlement Action Plan Executive Summary a) The Project 1. The Governuent of Tamil Nadu (GOTTND is preparing the 'Third Chennai Urban Water Supply and Sanitation Project" with assistance from the World Bank Chennai Metropolitan Water Supply and Sewerage Board (CMWSSB) of the GOTN is the implementing organisation of the project. The project aims at improving and expanding the water supply, sanitation and solid waste systems of Chennai city and thereby improve the environmental and health conditions of the people of Chennai which is estimated to be around 5 million. The project includes: (a) Rehabilitation and upgrading of water supply system; (b) Rehabilitation and upgrading of the sewerage collection and sewerage treatment systems: (c) Low Cost Sanitation in the areas where sewers are not feasible; and, (d) Solid Waste Management. b) ivleasures taken in Avoiding Resettlement 2. In the preparation and design phase a number of measures were taken to avoid the displacement and subsequent resettlement. The water pipelines and sewers are proposed to be laid on the road margins and below the road surface, thus avoiding any displacement. The water distnbution stations and sewage treatment plants will be constructed adjacent to the existing plants and the land for this purpose is alreadv available in the existing plants which are free of any encumbrances. The consultants who are associated with CMWSSB in preparing the detailed engineering report (for water MIS. Kirloskar and for sewage MIS. Shah & Hyder). along with concerned engineers of CMiVWSSB, have undertaken a joint investigation in the proposed sites of new works (water and sewerage) and the lands are available within the existing premises and are free of encroachers and squatters. The details of project components and status of land availability has been furnished in table 1.1. However during implementation, i1 anv new displacements and land acquisition arise, then suitable measures will be proposed for Resettlement and Rehabilitation of those affected people, in accordance with the entitlement provisions approved by the Government of Tamilnadu for Second Chennai Urban Water Supply and Sanitation Project. Hence there will be no requirement of any additional land and there wil be no physical displacement. In case of low cost sanitation, the physical works will be limited to the construction of individual toilets. Therefore, the question of land acquisition and displacement does not arise. The land acquisition and resettlement and rehabilitation (R&R) issues in the solid waste management component will be addressed separately since this component will be implemented independently by Chennai Municipal Corporation (CIMC). c) Need for Retrofit Rehabilitation 3. There are no resettlement issues in the proposed physical components since the project primarily focuses on the rehabilitation and upgrading of the existing facilities. However, Krishna Canal and related works will become the-main source of drinking water to Chennai. The various improvements proposed under the water supply component under this project will be related, either directly or indirectly to the Krishna Canal and related works. Therefore, CMWSSB as a good practice, reviewed the R&R measures taken at the time of land acquisition and displacement for Krishna Canal and related works. The review indicates that resettlement and rehabilitation measures were taken in early eighties were not adequate. Hence CMWSSB had decided to offer retrofit rehabilitation measures to those PAPs who are still lving below poverty line and require some assistance to improve their living standards. Therefore a Retrofit Rehabilitation Action Plan has been prepared in assistance with the consultants MIS. Economic Perspectives (P), Chennai. 4. This Rehabilitation Action Plan (RAP) describes the principles and approach followed i tninising 4nd mitigating adverse socio-economic impacts of the project Further the RAP contains the deAils of. (a) socio-economic information of the project affected persons (P.APs): Chennai Metropolitan Water Supply and Sewerage Board October 1998 TLird Chennaii Urban Water Supply and Sanitation Project Page 2 Resettlement Action Plan (b) rehabilitation benefits to be extended to the PAPs: (c) policy framework and rehabilitation assistance; (d) time-table for implementation; (e) costs and budget estimates; and, (f) institutional and implemenitation arrangements. d) Rehabilitation Policy 5. In order to proNide the assistance to those PAPs affected by the Krishna Canal and related works, G0TN had brought a Government Order on Rehabilitation Policy in March 1998. The objective of this rehabilitation policy is to (a) provide additional assistance to those Project Affected Families (PAFs) affected by Krishna Canal and related works who are yet to improve their living conditions and (b) upgrade the existing available basic civic amenities in the villages where the affected persons have settled. Under this poLicy the affected persons will be provided financial assistance to (a) improve their irigational facilities and thereby raise the agricultural production leveLs (b) upgrade their existing housing conditions and (c) impart training for self emplovment activities and subsequently extent the financial assistance for staring the seLf emplovment activities. In addition to the individual benefits, the poLicy also proposes to provide assistance for upgrading the existing basic amenities in the affected villages. An amount of Rs. 100,000 was earmarked to each of the 75 villages for this purpose. The amount wilL be utilised for upgrading the excising facilities such as drinkzing water, approach or internal roads, public toilets, school building, etc. e) Magnitude of Rehabilitation 6. Out of the 3528 PAPs affected originally at the time of land acquisition, only 2070 PAFs were found in the affected villages during the initial socio-economic surve y carried out in 1985. However, at the time of updating, the socio-economic information in 1997-98 only 1273 PAFs were found in the affected villages. Out of these 1273 PAFs, 1023 were found to be eligible for rehabilitation assistance under this program. Therefore Rehabilitalion Action Plan has been drawm for those 1023 families. In addition, any other PAFs who are not inclhlded in the list will be considered during the implementation period if they approach the implementation officials with valid documents claiming him/her as PAP who is found eligible for assistance under the policy framework. All the land required for the physical component is available with either CNvPVSSB or CivIC and it is only procedural requirement to obtain permission to undertake the various works as discussed in Table 1.1 (page 5 to 7). f) Implementation Mechanisms 7. The Project Rehabilitation Unit (PRU) will be responsible for the implementation of Rehabilitation Action Plan. This unit will be under the direction of the ThiruvaLlur District Collector and is staffed by an Officer-on Special Duty (OSD) in the rank of Project Officer of District Rural Development Agency (DRDA). The OSD wil be assisted by two officers in the rank of Tasildhar and four officers in the rank of Revenue Inspectors. In order to oversee the timely implementation of the program and take appropriate decisions from time to time, it is proposed to form a Rehabilitation Implementation Committee under the chairmanship of the District Collector of Thiruvallur. The other members of the committee include the Executive engineers from PWD, Agricultural Engineering, Highways and Rural works, General Manger - District Industries Centre, Manger - Housing Development Corporation and OSD wiII be its Member-Secretary. The committee wiIl meet periochcally to discuss the implementation progress and take timely decisions to overcome the operational dificulties. Further a high level monitoring committee under the Chairmanship of Secretary, Municipal Administration and Water Supply will be formed to provide guidance and support as well as to review the timely implementation of the programme. S. The cost of rehabilitation has been included in the overall cost of the project The total cost of rehabilitation is estimated to be Rs. 121 *iulion. The GOTIN proposes to finalise the source of funding for the rehabilitation, at the time of submitting the borrowers project implementation pLn- The program wilL be implemented over a penod of two years. Chennai Merropolitan Water Supply and Sewerage Board October 1998 Third Chennai Urban Water Supply and Sanitation Project Page 3 Resettlement Action Plan 1. Introduction Background 1.1 The Government of Tamil Nadu (GOTN) is preparing the 'Third Chennai Urban Water Supply and Sanitation Project" with the assistance from the World Bank. Chennai MetropoLitan Water Supply and Sewerage Board (CMWSSB) of the GOTN, is the implementing organisation of the project. The project aims at improving and expanding the water supply, sanitation and solid waste systems of Chennai city and thereby improve the environmental and health conditions of the people of Chennai which is estimated to be around 5 million. 1.2 This Resettlement Action Plan (RAP) describes the principles and approach followed in minimising and mitigating adverse socio-economic impacts of the project. Further the RAP contains, the details of (a) socio-econoiuc information of the project affected persons (PAPs), (b) rehabilitation benefits to be extended to the PAPs, (c) policy framework and rehabilitation assistance, (d) time- table for implementation, (e) costs and b,udget estimates and (f) institutional and implementation arrangements. Project Description 1.3 The physical components of the project include the following: * improvements to water supply including water conservation, * improvements to sewer systems, * inmprovements to sewage treatment, e low cost sanitation and (LCS) e solid waste management (SWM. 1.4 The solid waste management component will be implemented independently by Chennai MunicipaI Corporation (CMC). The land acquisition and resettlement issues related to solid waste management component will be addressed separately by CMIC. 1.5 The water supply component provides for improvements to water supply in Chennai city by (a) upgrading the existing Kilpauk Water Treatment Plant to handle an additional 57m1d from 270mld to 327mld, (b) improving clear water pumping at Kilpauk; providing 12-5km length of clear water transmission mains, (c) upgrading existing four water distribution stations, (d) strengthenin, the distnrbution mains (441-9km) in 8 water distribution zones, (e) rehabilitating 76 km length of local distrbution mains in the city and (f) reduction of unaccournted- for water (UFW) in the system. 1.6 The sewerage and sewage treatment component would improve and extend sewer facilities in the city by (a) improving the capacity of 102 krn of existing sewerO;,y replacing/reinforcing them, (b) laying 15 km of new sewers to extend the facility, (c) providing improvements to 33 existing sewage pumping stations, (d) construction of 2 new pumping stations, (e) laying of 28. 5 km force Chennai Metropo[itan Water Supply and Sewerage Board October 199S Third Chennai Urban Water Supply and Sanitation Project Page 4 Resettlement Action Plan mains as reinforcement/replacement for the existing mains and (f) improvements to the existing 6 sewage treatment plants to increase their total capacity by 219 meld. The project propose to provide sanitation facilities in areas where sewerage system is neither feasible nor proposed in the immediate future. 1.7 The municipal solid waste management component aims at (a) improving the primary and secondary collection systems, (b) optimisation of t.ransportation by vehicles, (c) improvements to the existing transfer stations and (d) disposal of solid waste througlh sanitary land fill at the two existing sites, viz. Kodungaivur and Perungudi and third proposed land fill site at Kannapalyam. 'Measures taken to Avoid Resettlement 1. S In the preparation and design phase a number of measures were taken to avoid the displacement and subsequent resettlement The water pipelines and sewers are proposed to be laid on the road margins and below the road surface, thus avoiding any physical displacement. The water distribution stations and sewage treatment plants will be constructed adjacent to the existing plants and the land for this purpose is already available at the existing plants which are free of any encumbrances. The consultants who are associated with CMWSSB in preparing the detailed engineering report (for water M/S. KirlDskar and for sewage MIS. Shah & Hyder), along wit-h concerned enoineers of CMIWSSB, have undertaken a joint investigation in the proposed sites of new works (water and sewage) and the lands are available within the existing premises and are free of encroachers and squatters. The details of project components and status of land availability has been furnished in table 1. 1. However during imnplementation, if any new displacements and land acquisition arise, then suitable measures will be proposed for Resettlement and Rehabilitation of those affected people, in accordance with the entitlement provisions - approved by the Govermment of Tamilnadu for Second Chennai Urban Water Supply and Sanitation Project. (The GO (3D) 'No. 45 dated 5.12.95 is enclosed in annex-1).Hence there will be no requirement of additional land and there will be no physical or economic displacement. In case low cost sanitation, the physical works will be limited to the construction of individual toilets the question of land acquisition and displacement does not arise. The land acquisition and resettlement and rehabilitation (R.&R) issues in solid waste management component will be addressed separately since this cornponent will be implemented iridependently by Chennai MIunicipal Corporation. The details of land required and available for various project components is given in Table 1.1 (Page 5 to 7). Need for Retrofit Rehabilitation 1.9 Krishna Canal and related works will become the main source of drinking water to Chennai. The various improvements proposed under water supply component under this project will be related either directly or indirectly, to Krishna Canal and related works. Therefore, CMWSSB felt it is appropriate to review the R&R measures taken, at the time of land acquisition and displacement for Krishna lSal and related works. GOTLN had acquired 1661 hectares of land thereby affecting 3528 persons. The review indicates that resettlemeTit and Chennai Metropolitan Water Supply and Sewerage Board October 1998 'Table 1.1 Details of project coniponienits and status of land availability w, No C _ _ _om iopen Location tLand avaUable iSn i Ownertp of lAnd I_eaniabie _ rw (a) Waler Supply -_E T1rea1tient plant and cle,ar wate ptintoing Rdiabili4ation ofKilpaukwatertcatlmitplaiut ftom Kilpaukwataworks, 18225 18225 CMfWSS1I With toipound wall o ~~~~270ritd to 327nild ,D . £ iabilpationk of cia water purp ing station at Kilpauk water works .Ch SSIW 13 With compound wall jg^j al Kilpauk W'lPr? s 2 I Clear watr ltranunisitioq maitj NIl 5 and | CMC O) the ioad inargin (A 'itUiTatankulam Road Jundiotl to -I tMatliavaramni lootster I - i e 3 i3ranrli disaribulioqaR Lins Puntasaiwalkato hiigi ! CMC On the road margin road hn. Oangadeeswsr Koil s dted to Kamusappar thidal and 'l'iplicune 4q M'a~ d odir-ibLion stations i . ! s , t' h~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ticlaavaramiboo!.tery C'hiC j i (die rodinadmgin t , * , ~~~~~~~ ~ ~~ ~ ~ ~ ~~to MPRL h ... 4 \Vater digtdbtaiort stalinsi Rehabilhation of WDS at Kilpauk Kilpauk water works 22900 22900 CMhl\SSB With compowid wall Kilpauk OIIT Kilpauk Watar works ' CMiWSSB g Willi conjmilld wall 1 Punpingatationis Kilpasikwatct woiks CMIWSSB With col)pond wall a Reliabilirtiort ol'WDS at Anri Poonga Amia Poong6 j 518.75 518.75 ChIU'SSB With cotoiu)utd wall ltditabilhAtion of WDS at Southemn I liadvvorks Southern I leasdworks ! I ChNWSSI' WiMh compound wall Rdhabilitatiotn ol'WDS at KK Nagar KK Nagar 12600 12600 CNIWSSB3 With compoLud wall 5 Itocal distribution sttraiahosinj KilpAukzone Kilpauk '- - CMC COntbheoad margin Velachery zone Velctdiry O- - i ChIC' | n the toad niurgut 0 Third Chennai Urban Water Supply and Sanitation Project Page 6 Resettlement Action Plan ?~~~ I C E E E E w~ ~~~ . CSSG = . C C ,,C Co,s o x ¢ G so P _ E _ P - 7O 5 0 -1 ~ ~ ~ e - u . _ . . . _ _ ~ ~ ~~~~~~~~. 0 C.) c) Q>>a )5 ci C.) _ .~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~C ; !zm~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~. ......... r - - > > > r> > Z~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 72 Z -'--------- ._ Z ~ - > *0 -*-0 7- jz Co ffB- > Z ~ ~ ~~. ~C C Chennai Metropolitan Water Supply and Sewerage Board October 1998 Third Chennai Urban Water Supply and Sanitation Project Page 7 Resttlement Action Plan .5.5 .5 .5 c 3 __ _ _ > =,q> _>_ ~~~~ ~z z zz z oC~~~~ oD 2 a -Ao a v= - ££< :C > > > ---- - --. ........ . o~ CX CNV qzU)C m Q *c c c c c ccCec ..~-~~ O c - - .~~~~aC t - f~~ ~~~ > _,, Z . .2 __ s , s~~~~~ _ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~c c~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ , ,r . d £ _ o VE > X °K 0 ° a0 s -~~~~~~~~~~~~~~C i NN .2 . . . < { S ^ S ~z > Z :> z_ Cheai - . Supy - - - i _ .U _~ = = _ = = 2'= 3z -= l 4+Z~o E e4 S S .S.zo5S S : , - v v v z > g M z _ X ;S cs 0 s: <:1 ;; j~~~~~~~~~~~~ i:~~~~ , Chennai Mvetropolitan Water Supply and Sewerage Board October 1998 Third Chennai Urban Water Supply and Sanitation Project Page 8 Resettrement Action Plan rehabilitation measures taken in early eiahties were not adequate. Therefore CMvIWSSB had decided to extend retrofit rehabilitation measures to those PAPs who are still livmng below poverty line and require some assistance to improve their living standards. Therefore a Retrofit Rehabilitation Action 1Plan has been prepared in assistance with the consultants, Mv/s. Econornic Perspectives (EP), Chennai. Irrigation Rights of Farmers 1.10 The issue of irrigation rights arise in the context of rehabilitation since Poondi, Red Hills and Chembarambakam reservoirs which are part of Krishna Canal and related works are the raw water source for Chennai under the proposed project. These reservoirs are owned and maintained by PWD and CMrWSSB pays royalty for drawing, water from these reservoirs WN1hile Poondi was basically created for the drinking water supply to Chennai, the GOTN had purchased the rights of the farmers of Red Hjils during early fifties. 1.11 The Chembarmbakam reservoir was constructed 400 years ago. The water from Chembarmbakam reservoir is currently used for irrigation purpose which has a command area of about 13,000 acres. 'Over the years the extent of command area has been reduced to about 4000 acres since the remaining land has been converted into non-agricultural uses. Prior to the proposal of utilising, Chembarmbakaam reservoir as a terminal reservoir to store Krishna Water, the capacity of the reservoir was about 3.12 tmc. By raising the bund of the reservoir under Krishna Water supply, an additional storage of 0.525 tmc hacd been created, thus making the present capacity at 3.645 tmc. During 1997, 30 cusecs of water was released from Chembarmbakam reservoir for supply to Chennai city and there were no complaints or objections from the farmers regarding of shortage of water for their irrigated lands. This is mainly because of fall in the requirement of water for irrigation by about 30 percent ( because of conversion of land into non- agricultural uses) and the increased storage capacity of about 17 percent due to raising of the bund. Therefore no shortfall of water for irrigation purposes is envisaged. It is estimated that only 1.8 tmc of water is being used for irrigation purposes in the last year in spite of realising water for three crops though the farmers hold rights only for one crop. Further CMYWSSB will be holding only additional water received from Krishna and will be drawing only that much of water quantity for drinldng water to ChennaLi Hence the water presently available for irrigation purpose will continue to be available and in no way affect the irrigation rights of the farmers who are depending on the Chembarmbakam reservoir. Further, CMvWSSB also propose to undertake a "Public Awareness Program" to explain the farmers about the continued availability of water for irrigation purposes. and the non impact of their irrigation rights due to drawl of water for driking water purpose to Chennai. Magnitude of Rehabilitation 1.12 Out of the 3528 PAPs affected originally at the time of land acquisition, only 2070 PRFs were found in the affected villages during the initial socio- Chennai Merropolitan Water Supply and Sewerage Board October 1998 Third Chennai Urban Water Supply and Sanitation Project Page 9 Resettlement Action Plan econornic survey carried out in 1985. However, at the time of updating the socio- econonic information, only 1273 PAFs were found in the affected viLlages. Out of these 1273 PAFs, 1023 were found to be eligible for rehabilitation assistance under this program. rnerefore, Rehabilitation Action Plan has been drawn for those 1023 famiLies. In addition, any other PAFs who are not included in the list will be considered if they approach the implementation ofcials wvith valid documents claiming him/her as PAP who are found eligible for assistance under the policy fraamework. The details of different categorises ofPAPs according to degree of impact and present living standards are desciibed in Chapter 2. The details of list of PAFs are provided in Table 1.2 Table 1.2 Details of PAFs No Category | Number of PA.Fs 1 PAPs who have lost cultivable land and are now in possession of less than one hectare of dry land or haLf an hectare of wet land (Category 1) 427 2 Landless P.APs with an annual income less than Rs. 20000 (Category 2) 312 3 PAPs with less than Rs.20000/- annual income (Category 3) a) whose homestead was acquired 4 b) encroachers 117* c) vulnerable groups 163 Total 1023*_* those residing on the bund of Poondi reservoir and depend on the foreshore for cultivation * * the remaining 250 PAPs out of 1273 are found to be not eligible for any of the benefits as per the provisions of GOTN's GO.Mls.No. 44 dated 26.03.1998. - w SB Cbennai MIetropoUit2n Water Supply and 5ewerage Board October 199S Third Chennai IJrban Water Supply and Sanitation Project Page 10 Resettlement Action Ptan 2. Retrofit Socio-Economic Survey Introduction 2.1 CMWvf'iSSB in assistance with the Consumer Action Group (CAG) has carried out a socio-econornic survey in 1995 to find out the living condition of those affected by Krishna Canal and related works. The survey coulcl identify only 2070 families out of 3528 PAPs affected at the time of land acquisition. The details of PAFs identified are (a) excavation of canal from Tamil Nadu border to Poondi (566 PAFs), (b) raising, of FTL of Poondi (714 PAFs), (c) link canal from Poondi to Chembarambakam (285 PAFs), (d) raising of FTL of Chembararribakatn (83 PAFs), (e) excavation of feeder canal to Red Hills (207 PAFs) and (f) raising of FTL of Red Hills (215 PAFs). These 2070 PAls are residing in the affected villages of Thiruvallur district- The remaining 1458 farnilies may have moved out of the affected villages. Because of the long intervening period it was not possible to vaLidate the credentials of the encroachers, squatters or landless labourers who rmight have been affected at the time of land acquisition in earLy eighties. 2.2 Since the survey was carried out in 1995, it was felt appropriate to update the key information related to land holding, income, occupation and some other demographic information before preparing the rehabilitation action plan. Accordingly, MIS. Economic Perspective (EP) had carried out a socio-e,conomic survey to update the socio-econoraic information in December 1997. This updated information had formed the basis for deternining, the eligibility for rehabilitation benefits and preparation of the action plan. Methodology 2.3 The study commenced with the review of the findings of the socio- econormic survey caried out in 1995 by CAG. Based on the review findings, it was felt appropriate to update the key information on income, expenditure, land holdinc, source of irrigation, type of living, size of famnily, etc. Accordingly a suitable questionnaire (annex 2) was prepared and admninistered to all PAFs available in the affected villages. To ensure max:imurn coverage a handbill in local langua&e (annex 3) was circulated in all project affected villages prior to the field study. The handbill explained the aim andc objective of the field survey and described the requirement of the various documents as support of their claim as PAP. The handbill also indicated the date of field survey to enable the PAPs to make themselves available in the respective vilages. The field work was carried out from December 15, 1997 to February 15,1998. During the survey only 1273 PAFs were found in the affected villages Therefore the RAP is restricted to those 1273 families. Any other PAP not covered in the survey will be extended the rehabilitation benefit, if they come forward at the time of imnpleimentation with valid documents claiming him/her as affected person. Socio-econon*.Profile 2.4 The findings of the socio-economic survey reveals that a large majoritv of the heads of households are above 50 years of age (46%) and another 39 percent Chennai metropolitan Water Supply and Sewerage Board October 1998 Third Chennai Urban Water Supply and Sanitatioti Project Page 11 Resettlement Action Plan are in the age bracket of 36-50 years. The proportion of those below 35 years is reported to be 15 percent. The average family size is reported to be five. The educational level of heads of PAFs indicates that more tharn half of the heads of PAFs were illiterates, which is more than the state figures of 37 percent. 2.5 The occupational structure of heads of PAFs indicates that more than one- third (37%) are depending on cultivation, while another 45 percent are agricultural labourers and the rest IS percent are engaged on petty trade, construction labour and casual labour. The land holding pattern reveals that almost half (49%'G) are landless labourers indicating that they depend on agriculture labour or causal labour. The proposition of those holding less than one hectare (marginal farmers) is 37 percent while less than 1O percent are holding between I and 2 hectare (small farmers) and only about 5 percent are having land holding more than 2 hectares . The land holding pattern reveals that the affected people are either mostlv landless or own very small size of land holding. The meagre land holding has forced them to lead a subsistence living. The income levels of PAFs indicates that an overwhelring majority of population (83%) are earning less than Rs. 20,000 per annum (below poverty line). 2.6 The housing condition is one of the indicator for measuring the quality of living standards. The findings of the survey indicate that half of the PAFs are living in sub-standard housing. In Indian context, those who are living in Kuchha and semi-pucca will be considered as Living in sub-standards houses with unacceptable environmental standards The proportion of those living in kuchha houses are 50 percent while another 29 percent living in serni-pucca houses. Only about one-fifth (21%) are reported to be living in pucca houses ( A unit with predominant wall and roof made of concrete and bricks). In terms of ownership 86 percent own the existing houses, while others live either in a rented houses or have encroached the government lands. In terms of space more than half (52%) have only one room and another 37 percent have two rooms. Only 7 percent of them have toilet facilities, while only 14 percent have a separate bath room and only about two- third have an electricity connection. . 2.7 The survey finding indicate that a large majority of the affected persons could not utilise the cash compensation amount properly. Most of them have spent for daily expenditure, festivals, marriages and other unproductive means. Only 13 percent have reported to have spent in acquiring productive assets such as land or house. 2.8 The details of key socio-economic conditions for each of the affected famnily who are eligible for R&R benefits is furnished in Volume Z. The key socio- economic findings are summarised in Table 2.1 (Page 12). Chemnai Metropolitan Water Supply and Sewerage Board October 1998 Ihird Chenni IJrban Water Supply and Sanitation Project Page 12 Refsetement Action Plan Table 2.1 Key Socio Economic Indicators N = 1023 S No. Indicator Unit Value/Fiiure a) Income and Occupation A I Monthly fanily income Average Rs.805.00 2 Montthly Per capita income Average Rs. 175.00 3 Number of earning members Average 1.4 4 Families below poverty line % 96.58 j Culivators % - 20.14 | 6 Agriculturai labour % 64 42 7 Casual labour % 13.29 b) . Housing I Puccahouses % 15.93 ; 2 Semi pucca houses 28.45 3 Kachha house % 55,62 4 Houses electrified . 66.90 ic) Land holding and irrization I . Land holding size (in acres) Average 0.71 2 PAPs owningwell . 11.20 3 . PAPs possessincg cow/buffalo % 36.40 4 Paddy yield per acre (75kg bag) Average 25 bags ; 5 Groundnut yield per acre (80kg bag - dried with shell) Average 15 bags d) Demographic details I Family size Average 4 6 2ScheduIed caste 3390 C- Chennai .Metrtpolitan W arer Supp}iy :d 5ewer2ge Board October I998 Third Chennai Urban Water Supply and Sanitaion Project Page 13 Resettiement Acdon Plan 3. Rehabilitation Policy And Provisions Introduction 3.1 At present the Indian national policy on resettlemrent and rehabilitation is in a draft form and there is no state level policy for resettlement and rehabilitation However Tarnil Nadu has experience in implementing rehabilitation programs in World Bank assisted projects, particularly, the Tamil Nadu Urban Development Project and Tamil Nadu Water Resources Consolidation Project. The World Bank Operational Directive (OD) 4.30 is based on the best practice and is in compliance with the provisions in the Indian legislation. In order to implement the proposed rehabilitation program the GOTN had brought out a Government Order (GO) in March 1998 (annex 4). The key features of this policy and rehabilitation benefits are described in the succeeding paras. Objective 3.2 The objective of the retrofit rehabilitation policy is (a) to provide additional assistance to those Project Affected Families (PAFs) affected by Krishna canal and related works who are yet to improve their living conditions and (b) upgrade the existing available basic civic amenities in the villages where the affected persons have been settled. Eligibility Criteria for Rehabilitation benefits 3.3 This policy will be applicable to those project affected persons (PAP) identified in the socio-economic survey carried out by INI/S. Economic Perspectives during December 1997 to February 1998. The PAPs were categorised into three categories based on the degree of impact and present living standards. 3.4 Category 1: Project affected families who have lost cultivable land and are now in possession of less than one hectare of dry or half an hectare of wet land which are dependent on weIl irrigation, will be eligible for assistance to inprove their existing irrigation facilities. 3.5 Category 2: Project affected famnilies -who have lost cultivable land and who are now landless and living below poverty line (annual income below Rs.20000/- in 1997) will be eligible for assistance for self employed income generating activities and assistance for improving their present housing conditions. 3.6 Category - 3: These project affected families who are living below poverty line and (a) whose homestead lands have been acquired and who have resettled on their own (b) who have been evicted from Government land and who are now landless and have resettled on their own and (c) who are identified as vulnerable groups (such as those belonging to scheduled caste/scheduled tribe or women headed ibouseholders) will be eligible for assistance for improving their housing conditions and assistance for startingr the income generating activities. Chennai Metropolitzn WaEer Supply and Sewerage Board October 1998 Third Chennai Urban Water Supply and Sanitation Project Page I4 Resettlement Action Plan Policy Provisions 3.7 The rehabilitation policy provisions were formulated by taking into account the views of the PAPs, expressed during the field survey. The PAPs in Category 1 will get an assistance upto Rs. 50,000 towards digging a new well, buying a pump set, increasing the depth of a well, strengthening the weH by brick lining/cement concrete rmigs, etc. In case those PAPs who have already possess a well with pump set and doesn't require any improvements, they may utiLise the assistance amount towards buying a bullock cart or any other agncultural implements that may help them in enhancing their agnicultural production. 3.8 The PAPs in Categoryv 2 and 3 will be provided assistance to improve their existing housing conditions and for setting up of self employment activities. The extent of assistance available is to the extent of Rs.25,000 for house improvement and another Rs.25,000 for starting any self employment activities. The house improvement assistance will mostly be used for replacing the thatched roof with tiled roof, replacing mud wall with brick wall, replacing the mud flooring with cement flooring, providing doors, lighting, enlarging living area, etc. For starting the self employment activities, it is proposed to appoint a NGO working in the area to provide trairnng to identify the PAPs interest in various self employment activities and accordingly offer suitable trairing so as to enable them to start the new activities and thereby increase their earnings. Some of the suitable activities identified include cattle rearing, goat/sheep rearing, poultry farming, petty shop, fish farmiing and horticultural activities. 3.9 There are 1 17 PAFs who had been living on the Government land prior to the land acquisition process and who in spite of being served notices inform-iing them to vacate the lands, continue to live in the same place. Since they cultivate in the foreshore of the reservoir these PAPs if resettled elsewhere will encroach again on the bund of Poondi reservoir. Hence these PAPs will be assisted with income generating activities to offset the income lost on account of not being able to cultivate for one cropping, season. However if they are displaced at a later date due to the project they will be resettled and rehabilitated adequately. 3.I0 In addition to the individual benefits, the policy proposes to provide assistance for upgading the existing basic amenities in the affected villages. An amount Rs. 100,000 was earmnarked to eachf-of-the 75 viIlages for this purpose. The amount will be utilised to upgrading the excising facilities such as drinkinag water facilities, improvements to approach or intemal roads, public toilets, school building, etc. The list of facilities to be taken up for upgrading will be decided in consultation with the Panchayat members and villagers. e. Cheasmi :letropolitan Water Supply -and Sevverace Board October 1998 Third Chennai Urban Water Supply and Sanitation Project Page 15 Resettlement Action Plan 4. Rehabilitation Action Plan Introduction 4.1 The overall objective of the proposed Rehabilitation Action Plan (RAP) is to ensure that those persons affected by Krishna Canal and related works will be provided additional assistance to improve their living standards and end up beinc better off than prior to the land acquisition. Therefore, the RAP is concerned with the impact and their mitigation measures. The RAP demonstrates the level of detailed measures for a project level RAP and describes the implementation arrangements. The RAP is based on the provisions outlined in the policy framework approved by GOTN for this project. The policy frame work was prepared in accordance with the World Bank's Operation Directive 4.30 Involuntary Resettlement. Institutional Arrangements and Implementation Mechanism 4.2 A well defined institutional arrangement and implementation mechanism are very important for timely and successful irnplementation of any plan. The success or failure of a R&R programme predominantly depends on the officers responsible for its implementation. Tnerefore it is appropriate to define the type of institutional arrangement and implementation mechanism proposed for the rehabilitation prograrnme. 4.3 Project Rehabilitation Unit (PRU): The Project Rehabilitation Urnit (PRU) will be responsible for the irmplementation of rehabilitation action plan. It is anticipated that the program will be implemented over a period of two years. Since a large majority of the affected villages fall under Thiruvallur District it was felt appropriate to locate PRU in Thiruvallur. Few affected villages which are falling under Kancheepuram district but within 10 Km radius of Thiruvallur district are brought under Thiruvallur district, for the purpose of implementation of the program. This unit will be under the direction of the Thiruvallur District Collector and is staffed by an Officer-on Special Duty (OSD) in the rank of Project Officer of District Rural Development Agency (DRDA). The unit will have its office at Thiruvallur which is central to all affected villages. The OSD will be assisted by two officers in the rank of Tasildhar and four officers in the rank of Revenue Inspectors. The required support staffwill also be recruited. All these officers will be drawn from other government departments for a period of two years or till end of the implementation of the prograrni In addition a NGO working in the area will be involved in co-ordinating the implementation of the income generation activities including providing the initial training to the beneficiaries. The NGO will also carry out any other tasks that may be required during the implementation. The NGO will work in close association with the staff of the PRU. The PRU will act as an implementing cell. and will implement and monitor the activities to be undertaken to meet RAP commitments madeby CMWSSB. 4.4 Rehabilitation Implementation Committee (RIC): In order to oversee the timely implementation of the program and take appropnrate decisions from Chennai MIerropolitan Water Supply and Sewerage Board October 1998 Tbhird Chennai Urban Water Supply and Sanitation Project Page 16 Resettlement Action Plan tirne to time, it is proposed to form a Rehabilitation Implementation Conmmittee under the chairmanship of the District Collector of Thiruvallur. The other members of the committee include the Executive Enalneers from P`D, Agricultural Engineering, Highways and Rural Works, General Mfanger - District Industrial Centre, Manger - Housing Development Corporation and OSD will be its Member-Secretary. The comrnittee will meet periodically to discuss the implementation progress and take timely decisions to overcome any operational diffculties. 4.5 Implementation: The entire program will be implemented over a period of two years from the date of start of implementation. Each entitled Unit (Family! person) will be issued an identity card. The identity card will list the various support mechanisms and amount of assistance to be given. The key implementation activities are shown in the Gantt chart (Page 17). The PRU will be established exclusively for the purpose of implementing the RAP inorder to complete the programme in two years. However if there is any delay in implementation due to unforeseen circumstances, the period of PRU will be extended accordingly 4.6 Co-ordination with the other Government Agencies: Various ,government agencies including the Rural Works, Rural Water Supply, Housing Development Corporation, District Industrial Centre, etc. will have an important role in the smooth implementation of the rehabilitation program. The PRU.vwill be responsible for the overall co-ordination of this work. The various activities such as upgradation of civic amenities will be implemented through the execution by the respective department. Efforts will be made to undertake the co-ordi.nated work in a fashion to built upon services and program already in place. Further all paymnents for rehabilitation work will be made in stages against creation of assets and will be closely monitored by the OSD and the NGO. 4.7 Training and Development of Staff. To strengthen the PRU, a series of training activities will be planned for the duration of the project. These training programs will be offered on the issues such as poLicy framework, identification and verification of beneficiaries, public consultations, rehabilitation action plan, compliance, inter-agency networking, etc. 4.8 Role of NGOs: NGOs are useful in many stages of implementation of the action plan. They often have an established rapport with the affected community and they voice the concerns for the affected community. NGOs wiE have familiarity with the local issues and are capable of undertaking such work. The NGO services will be hired to provide link between the PAPs and the PRUL. The NGO will be responsible for the folUowing tasks. * develop rapport between PRU and PAPs, * issue.of photo identity cards to e#ch of the PAP after completing the verification, * verifthe gemniness of the PAPs who were not identified at the time of socio- economic survey, Chennai Metropolitan Water Supply and Sewerage Board October 1998 Reltubilitation Action l'lan 'Ifiie 'T'able For Key Activities is given vide a Gantt chart. I ID Key Activity D)ur;lio Yeal - I Year - 2 (ih Iwittl) I I 2 1 3 1 4 1 5 1 6 1 7 I 8 9 to I 11 12 1.31 14 1 166 17 1 18 19 1 20 21 122 23 1 24 I 'stablisimenl of Project 41chabilitalion Unit (IPIRU) 2 o o 2 Consituilion of Rehabilitation Imiiplemeting Commtittee (I IC) I 3 Recruitment of NGO 1.5 4 VerilicatiollVsstie of Idleti(ity cards to PAPs | 5 Obtaining options from I'Als 0.5 6 Assistaice to improve fInigation Facilities 12 - T - - i 7 Assistance to improve houising IO _r__ I 0 I I I., 8 r[raining for lincome getieration Activily (IUA) 3 9 Implementation of IGA 14 I - 10 Planning lor Upgradationi of' I III I I Civic Anieiielies 6 | *- II Implemenlation of Upgradalion - of Civic Aimenities 14 _ 77 m 17 Third Chennai Urban Water Supply and Sanitation Project Page 18 Resettlement Action Plan * to create awareness about the rehabilitation measures, * explain and counsel why some PAPs are beneficiaries and why some are not ( as defined in the policy), * sort out dispute arising out of sharing the benefits by legal heirs (in cases where the PAP is dead), * co-ordinate the effective disbursement of finds, * ensure that PAPs obtain the assistance that is allocated to them, * facilitate the formation of community groups wherever required, * to plan and co-ordinate the training programme for self employment programs, * accompany and represent the PAPs at the grievance comrmrittee meetings and * carry out any other responsibilities as required and identified. 4.9 Selection of an NGO: The selection of NGO will be guided by the following considerations- * trained and capable staff, * experience in working with and representing the villagers, * experience'i implementation of income generation activities and * a comprehensive network at the district level to enable them carry out the consultations and other tasks 4.10 Steps in implementation. The main steps in implementation of the program include: * establishment of PRU including completion of the recruitment of staff, * imparting training to the staff to be involved in implementation, * selection of NGO, • constitution of RIC, * verification of list of PAPs, notification and issuing identity cards, * obtaining options (where available) from PAPs, * organising training program for self employmnent programs, * delivery of rehabilitation assistance, * assisting PAPs for proper and timely utilisation of rehabilitation assistance, * identify'ing the needs of villages in upgrading the basic civic amenities and * implementation of upgradation of civic amenities Costs and Budget 4 11 The Economic Rehabilitation Action Plan contains a consolidated overview of estimated costs. This consist of item-wise estimates for implementation including the administrative expenses, monitoring ancd evaluation, NGO services and contingencies. The cost of rehabilitation has been included in the overall cost of the project While making esitimates, the budget estimates were increased by 25 *rcent assuming that about 25 percent of the PAFs mnay turn out Chenmai Metropolitan Water Supply and Sewerage Board October 1998 Third Chennai Urban Water Supply and Sanitation Project Page 19 Resettlement Action Plan during the implementation for assistance. The total cost of rehabilitation is Rs.121 million. The GOTIN proposes to finalise the source of funding for the rehabilitation at the time of subrmitting the borrowers project implementation plan. Table 4.1: Budget estimates No Component Unit cost Unit* Budget (in Rs.) Estimate (Rsin nmiliSon.) I Assistance for imnproving irrigational 50,000 550 27.50 . facilities _ 2 Assistance for Income generatimg activities 25,000 750 18.75 S Assistance for House improvement 25,000 600 15.00 4 Training for PAPs 500 750 0.38 5 'Upgrading of Civic amienities 1,00,000 75 1 7.50 6 NGO Recruitme Lup sum - 0.50 7 Monitoring and Evaluation Lump su _ 0.50 8 Administrative expenses** Lump S I _ 26.67 9 Contimgency 25% 24.20 Total__ _ 121.00 l The no. of units (No. of PAFs to be assisted has been increased by 25% assuming that these numbers may turn up for assistance during the implementation. A Admnistratve eq'nenses include the salaries, office establishment, ofEce equipment, office rental, cost of vehicles, staff training, etc. Consultation and Participation Process 4.12 Experience indicates that resettlement and rehabilitation programs generally gives nrse to problems for the affected population. Therefore appropriate consultation on the implementation plan and participation of affected population in decision making will improve the understanding of their needs, resources and preferences. This will help in reducing the reluctance and thereby increase the acceptance of the program. 4.13 Consultations have been held at the time of carrying out the socio- economic survey. During implementation periodical consultations will be held in obtaining their preference for income generation activites, type of training required and their views will be taken into consideration in deciding the facilities which require upgradation. It is proposed to disseminate the policy provision available to the affected population through distribution of brochures and explaining in the group! village level meetings. Further it is proposed to hold periodical discussion during the implementation to take appropriate decision and overcome the operational difficulties. In order to educate the irmers holding irrigational rights over Chembarmbakam reservoir, CMWSSB propose to undertake a "Public Awareness Program" ta.,explain to the irmers about the continued availability of water for irrigation purposes and its non impact of their irnigation rights dbe to drawl of water for drinking water purpose to Chennai. Chennai Metropolitan Water Supply and Sewerage Board Ocrober 1998 Third Chennai Urban Water Supply and Sanitation Pmject Page 20 Resettlement Action Ptan Grievance Redress MIechanism 4.14 The main objective of the grievance procedure is to provide a mechanism to mediate conflict and cut downl the long process of litigation. The process wil also provide the people who have objections and concerns about the assistance a fonrum to raise the objections and have them resolved fast and effectively. 4.15 In case of any complaint related to the implementation of the program, irregularities and non-compLiance of the implementation, the beneficiary can bring the matter to the notice of the Officer-on-Special Duty, PRU for its immediate redress. If the complaint is not redressed to his/her satisfaction, the matter can be taken up with the Grievance Redress Committee. A Grievance Redress Committee will be set up under the chairmanship of the MLanaging Director, CMW,SSB. The other members include the district Collector of Thiruvallur, and representative of ANGO appointed for the implementation of the program. The representative of NGO should work closely with the beneficiaries to help them solve problems. The committee will periodically look into the grievances. If the complainant still feels unsatisfied he/she may write to the high level monitoring committee. After exhausting all the above mechanisms, if PAPs are not satisfied, they are free to take a legal recourse. The redress mechanism available to the PAPs will be brought to their attention through public consultations and through the distribution of the brochure containing the grievance redress procedure. The grievance procedure will be reviewed during implementation. If any changes to jhe process is required, the grievance procedure wil be revised and will be used during the later part of the implementation program. iMonitoring and Evaluation 4,16 The objective of monitoring should be to provide management with an effective tool for assessing rehabilitation progress, identifIing potentiaI difficulties and problems areas and provide an early warning system for areas which need correction. Continuous supervision and periodical monitoring, are integral part of successful implemnentation. Monitoring is a warning system for project mangers and a channel for the PAPs to express their needs and reactions to the program. The Project Rehabilitation Unit will cary out a concurrent monitoring and prepare a quarterly progress report in terms of physical and financial indicators. In addition the monitoring process will also look into the communication and reactions of PAPs, use of grievance procedures and information to PAPs on benefits, options and implementation time table. The progress report will be reviewed at the high level monitoring comiittee and implementation committee meetings periodically. A high level monitoring committee will be consttuted under the chairmanship of the Secretary, Municipal Administration and Water supply and other members of the committee include the Secretaries of PWD, Revenue, Fimance and NManaging Director of CMWSSB. The district Collector-will act as its Member-secretary. The Committee will meet at least once in a quarter to review the progress of the irmplementation an take appropriate decisions for timely inplemerntation of the progamme. Chennsi Metropolitan Water Supply and Sewerage Board C)tober 1998 Third Chennai Urban Water Supply and Sanitation Project Page 21 Reseftlement Action Plan Criteria for completion of Rehabilitation Programme 4.17 To ensure that the objectives of RAP are realised, the proposed Project Rehabilitation Unit (PRU) will undertake the task of concurrent monitoring for successful and timely implementation of RAP, Further, to evaluate the success of this Programme, an Impact Evaluation study will be undertaken one year after the completion of the Programme. The impact evaluation will assess the changes in the living standards in comparison to the baseline information (as provided in table 2. 1 in page 12). The improvement in standard of living will be judged in terms of increase in household income, improvement in housing conditions, possession of assets, improvements to irrigation facilities and average yields- Atleast 2/3rd of the PAPs who have received benefits are expected to have a improved standard of living; and this will be used as the criteria for completion of the programme. Based on the outcome of the Impact Evaluation Study, if required, additional assistance may be provided to those PAPs who might require further assistance to improve their standard of living. Impact Evaluation 4.18 In order to assess the impact of the progran an impact evaluation study will be undertaken one year after the completion of the implementation of the program to study the impact of the program. The socio-econormic survey data will provide the bench marks for measuring and evaluating-the success of the program. An external agency will be engaged to carry out the evaluation of. the implementation of rehabilitation program. The agency wil be independent 6f the project and ideally will have previous experience in evaluation of development programs including the resettlement. The impacts will be evaluated in terms of changes in income, housing conditions, resource ownership, availability of irrigation facilities, etc. Chennai Metropolitan Water Supply and Sewerage Board October 1998 Third Chennai Urban Water Supply and Sanitation Project Page 22 Resettlement Action Plan Acronyms G(OTN - Governrnent of Tarnilnadu CMWSSB - Chennai Metropolitan Water Supply and Sewerage Board EP - Econormic Perspectives R&R - Resettlement and Rehabilitation RAP - Resettlement Action Plan PRU - Project Rehabilitation Unit OSD - Officer on Special Duty DRDA - District Rural Development Agency CMvIC - Chennai Municipal Corporation PWD - Public Works Department LCS - Low Cost Sanitation SWMI - Solid Waste Management mid - Million Litres per day km - Kilometre T-JW - Unaccounted for Water tmc - Thousand MNEllion Cubic Feet CAG - Consumer Action Group _ Chennaz M>etropoliran Water Supply and Sewerage Board October 1998 Annex- I 23 rhi--5 M-Wb-7 f .-,W__e-tza Sewe-a-it I;ari Ne7 Vceranam _roject - Resettlee.ent anz Reha_llitat.on *f crcre;-chers 1i aicht *- waV o_ Veern-am 2-ans-,ss±on Mafin - Act±ri uelia - Apzzovee - Orier s-I ssue -i gJNIC PA ,AD4M= S[7:PwCN AND WA A=R P 3 _V (DMC) Di EATM_NT 1G. G.C.:s -17, -.m mir o-stratn 4 d -- iC: D . 7 . - O 7i '- S:=l De:a _tm . -_ *ti. . ..53_* 2 O Fzom th 9 b'-etfl Di etr i Madras 2 etro-nd .an 3. Fr_m the Zxec e - Direc=etor.A Maaras Metrouooi_ta. ;atez- sunplv an, Sewerage: oaar-i D.0.----.3._M4-LSS ;oa2=r Sxe.m;i-ect3r/:CS (2R.)Iss (iq-C)/RP/&43/94, iaec 5 > .-1 ORD&R: _ . Government in tne G.0.--sread abovc ha aveW- ie; a a s= ive -aZrvav 2ar ir, mement atitn of New V-am Po;ject af aan estimatei. cost Of =S.4S4 CQ ores With the -- ass_4sta -.ce oank_ rPl .2C*Ac *A-y, Government of T.f.lSn .nave recuestei -Ehe Worzi ;ia-ruLk to _ncluiie t_e New Vee=^rnam wat er Suav Proj ect for Inarnci' assista.-ce. i'he- ma-in Er°j ec_ cttmBonentS :-r (±i) n _ease in Veeran -taora,e capacity from 93 6 MCT to I .5 MCmT ly ciesil I a2n-.ra. si.g tihe fu1I tank level Iyr G.C mn; .~ -. Cii) ltvi-n *_ 1575'rnm m&ia p±pelne- f -22- in len5th from Veera;nam to the cit.y; (ili) ut lizatior. of existing intakfe tower an off take arranger,ients ani installing new nums; - - Civ) utilization of existing tprat;et anis'for te-treament arja w nsrp nu:irg st ation.; . -.- (v) cor2struction oz a new terreaent lato_ IS ra -Caacitr with a vnpLng station at 5othern peripheff cf the city &Iangaa; alan - ' (vi) con S-u.Ction of a *ooster pumv-nn station betwemn ezis-zng water treate.et plant an- t.h- nrw treatM crnt pln. 24 2 - ft ?.stt .r-appralsals w-ere h=lii In July 1!93, Oc -.3, Jan-34 aQni yay 94 Dy Woral ank 111sslcn. The }.ank .ientifle- c.-rtain t,`z_-.gs to J- fu^ille` i cfore the a=oraisal o_ th e wro j ect. t r, amcr the irff_ortant issues to be sort=d ot.t in regari to land -c-isi tQJn for layizng pip=e line and Riqht o_ wav is "Action La&rf for Resettl-ment, an R?halabilitamtion of tLne cncro wzhers. 2te nerd to have a Rese tle.ent and vkil_fitaton (R&R) Policy has been stressed by preliious -'_ssi-osn,s Wa aQo=-goniate orul si-l=nes have alTso Deen aciven`.- Alt_ouah it is clear- tat there will be some pspla c ,emn-becaus of the= proposc !rojnct, litle att-ntion has been- v-id in _ orla- -g such a policy - The s-cio-economic stral _v-losm-ne Programum-; Pin- M' nist_= s Ron-__ Yoj.na, the Dveloor o_ Women azi ch.iaren i Rurl _-.5 (3AG. lo-.-n.-a--s iav to seX u* S.6oss; S olz an nou Se lo ts, tanszort.aon. 0o -h and c=ants fOr cons-uczIoCr -o houses e se ,o have lost all t=eir land ahd. sxirce ef. livnelhood, a rhabilittion Ctr s. ould be constr;-ct. OCr7 c*such a s0' ic-v has been formuLlat_ec., - -s_-t_ior._l _aanaements shouii be put-in ula.ce .o plan anl tzm_ement the.Rchl__ittion Action Plan fan .als6 fciliiat= thne 3a -zicZ'-4 ion o= Pr-ofct Affected fsons in t.ze .ro.cess O0 ther Rese ttlem ent . Reha il ta ti on. t It_ was felt that th zit._tli anion ani Resettlement cam enent w.li be ti gile o-r -'-~ ~ei smez sunae- -the Proj ct anda tis peint wcez be Jkep i-n r:._ .Jle;.. 1 - nes _ia tiS with t_he ha.uc whie v-.-,,-n. .f.ocus 4tzs~~a_-.nt1sn on certain e9j -tv-s .-. 1 e n R-set_lement and Reha-fitatic3n vrramLrue; (: ) ~o min.-inse Iasulacecrnt as -ich 'as u*ssis:e J= Z Gi -i t.t__ll Jy aioting aZtern;tive Brsoject p ;ns,; - - (2 ) t-n resettlement is unavoide-le. t shll li Ave en-sLre that th e is more social bncit gained than the hardshi s c usei tt -he isp lacej -persons.- (3) Tte cQmrrr..nity keneflit should Ie of convincinglv -Zeatet value to the Project A ect l-l i s is (4 ) The resettlement p-roarrae weIn. drawr up7 should fecus on. 5virn5 the Przjnct Af`ectei_ Fam±-I=alse a-share in tne proj ect -enef it, -viz. rc-uie-d inves_ment, jim*rVea Lncsme, &tntive lan, h=us=ng, alternative in_- str1 cre like we lls, readis, *uil ings, scho*ls :etc (5) Perscnalatten-.ion to ae paii in assisting the Project Arncte-d -?ax#ie ainS thIr r-s-tlemnt p-rod. ( ) iihenever az;ropr a~t, 'ethe Pel ect ? IEedted Families ShOu a me given prGlaer compensati on for thiti losses at full: realacCeMent cost; (7 ) S-:p°-rt g- 4en iUring the 7hys±cal mr*verzn-nt of b elOngings- ai per so nne; ..3. Cs) see to it, that the prier inc-mc !evels are restor4, if - net i¶povei; 25 ( ) -FeC=s to .ie SiveGl to thle poorer sectio-s suc-h that, -a ne vcvel-ment *r-t=;rm canl j.m.roe their star- ari *; l4v"t .-- ath - z t-i ar, main.-a4'. thcm as5 moly as- they w<-- e-z (IS) Most *^ a," it is esseii4. 'that Ceru;n.tty zrticioa-tin in 2 a a;l4 m i=n-tlng tzr-h=~Ct_e:n P-. SMO-a-1ii .c -i.ne 't ev=y stae5; this couli me ione *V c fectively .us4n5 the 7cisting social 'ani C(ltural inst4tuz±.ns - 4. The Exec&-i4ve DiMec*t, Mabas ftirezelitan Wat- sply at-i Sewer-io r has sent the iraft Rescttlerment ani R=ha"ili-ation talicY. K-t----n_t t_itl~!-ei- ckcerraunA DectLmcn': an R -s ^ ,- m enCt an, namrlitatlon" Ai idRft Action Plan fo- Governme=nt aPrffval. The preparei Resettlement ani R=ha2j41iz a-=iJn Actis= ulan classifii -te Project A-fEct-= FamiI4esanj-th_ _i' ^c- _s 'o the Proit -oct- Prlie as _5 e-Z 7i C17*,Ws:- Ca ^er*-r-l: - arjnal r arTef< with less thar7l .S6.* he res *o ry lana. or less thIan 6 .56 .0 he_ ar=s-of Wet- 1lani ani small a-=rm.rs wthM l-ss thh 2 h heqtares of Iry lana or less than I." . hec_ta:es ~~ ~ ~~ *_- we~(Ct~ ~ Cate,.ry -2: i-ana Own cs, 'Wi't annual come .elo^ Rs.2 _ Catmcrvo -3-: Lni- owr.c-s les.sgnf mee: thain 59 - tof--4 _ he,iing jtt who i not c.z-Ae jn.er cat=qe-o 1 ani 2 Catea=rv -4: -r.i ewncs who ae losing lan-i bu4 -who i. net cofe unwer Cate-.r-y-1,2 -nal. -3 - _ _ _ . _ _ _ _ _--- - _ ... - _ _ . __ - _ _ . _ Caze=v.ra -: - j r chil n of Cate!sry iL to 4. _ ' Ca_a- -4: self eEauloved encr-achers sic-h as \sah cw *ners, - tea staLU-ewners ~nkC eners*- .ia-m-sh.s ownt * - tai-lors,- -occhan..cs Kc-., Cazea_-c -7: E£rcrsachers *f a st=ip o- Govermment lanai whose - livelihood. will Xe a_fectei due- t eviction. Cateaer` --i: alcroachers-of a stri of. Goverrnmen- lani wh.sp- -- livelihoodi wil I -rit *e-aff-ctei due to eviction. - . -- .- _-r. Ca_tz y- -5: All those who-se homest_-is ana place of O.welliin Inclaiifg huts have been evicteild e t- encr;oacmcel_. _ : _ - _ Cates;Zy-1O: A1l those who :ar. lsins .ot.h their place of - iwellin! iriciiin hts n p c.e-s *f self . - employment such as shtps dke to c.r.chment. -4 26 ate, v _ -_ : -: A7l thosse who - arc l1sin45 teir.- fnce, she.i or -' - .. - piec= * lani front of thir land.Z u to-. ; a C~e .wc _.. n.. - - . - ;at_or-y -12: _aj. lo'rn _ if. Ctg *ry...P to * 1 _ 5 <1t4'lem.nt-- - - -mn t Th.e. eCntitl_e' m=nt a-r eac-' cat¶O-ry is isC.,sse i ?Oow:- Fer COaetrC y a-. Cat eg.rv 2 two otin-ns wn 1 e gsvwl,. z-her to take lanai-of lan-d *r casn for landi. - Proj-ct Af_-f_ct=i. Fzli- w.o cheesc _he is o s7 .1n ill ie.s a s-a = i-n-- the lanri within well ne- --carahizc area near t - - _'or in th= c L a. -7 a- #L_iR ZeS i0 ao it wi_ a a specific time frame. heh land. AiL__fie# i'ill hase to ;e *n an ec;a,l bsis Ci -*- ne - - cirv lani _-r one hc`&Zr ef 4b laind. *r hal- `hec-care of wet ar2i-=Sr Zre hctare . crf Ian . - The GOv =_nmcn wwu, c s -Sv ic =rc coss * C r^placez:nt *f land. The Cs. price wD l;i 4 negoti_at: £y D5-i; -t t Rsettleem=nt ar,- Rehail±tati *mrizttee beween the 6ueyr ani the seller. A m .n ,_en ce lw 1m~ ef *s..5/- -per rn._h fer Project Affected FailY wo`tl4 ^ 7_id. fr-m th- iaare of s?-ss ssisn ts e date o wossessjen thne r-= la-C-e-.n land._ P; ecect Affected. Families wh:-- o. *for asn _-rlanit w will have._-- have .negaotiation s wi4th the -s ict Rese =rt.Lment and. ReD- i itation Cemrmitte t-o a rri'e t a full an_i ai-r Valuwat.n of th e lan., -as normal 1rSCe4-du.res Z,-= 7 na Aczuisiticn .t are. re n to, -esult in lar.i valfhat-'s ;:iJLch - = fa-lo t-h- a_ mi-rket -value. I--r.s i_-.3 1, the lanf wouli e isrOunier the _o Acsiti.n Act i as a re ---_itati0n assistance the Prsj;ect A ectedFamil±es *Ql[ le Lai - .s.35,586/- CR.3ees tirzty five th.ou.sani) per. tc__ae --(a-uste4 for inflatin vee the Proec.t period) fe - -. kMc _r. cf 2.48.t hectares *_-civ larn.i or 1.2Z. _hect-res of Ie lanai. The cash Srant woul. b-e- pla e in a joir.t account kiL the withdrawal will wE s:*j.ect.to the aispreval iv the .strict -Resettlement an.i Rettaoilittion Co7,mittee-and an - to selected. fsr each Slin-project to i;mplement the Resettlement & "I&iitation-actioln plan. The cash 55ant woulid )e utill .cd 'r tae PurC-ase of Droduct±ve assets or for-self employit S oth-. incvme-jenerat_nq activities.- -In aidition to this, e Prj ect Afectei Fami lies will have. tp *e paid a maintcnanlce oW-ance o' RS.564/- perrmnnth per Project Affecte&Famil m the ilate of eLspa sscsso n t i1 completion of_ *ne year from e iate cf oerirng of the joint account. if t-he Project _ -ectea Families who-e out for cash compensation agree to-the go tiatci perice, then thev hav7. to- Xe, Pa i the m aintenanc5m lowanre af .Ss5 Q/- per month from thc slate-of _i1spossessien 411, tE complertin of one year from the iate of opering >- the jei--t account. The withdrawal zm the Joint account .lei JC siject ta a5proval by nistrict Resettlemmert and ta.ilit-atin Comr-it4ee anc an NGO and. th amount woulE ie -ed. :for ujying lndi or for s-l emplom;en- or ^the incorae .J~~~~~~~~~~~~~~-5 _e pr'vided-c Thi-r t±Uemrnt wouli ic on thn Ines as a>pi±cvle to c-t-gory I ari 2_ projeCt AffectCe Familics 27 e_+ Ca*jqSry 5 will Je iota.t;X unmir the covcr Of TRyS&m (=Qaininc of Dral Youth feo Sef e?leym-ent) with the `ijective of =-oviaing trainin¶ to ac_ z c ski lls tO enable them t- -take up sell errzlovmcnt in a sao secto- r-*al-r fa'ling wittin a . uzLi cw Of sectors Agricultre 4ni allied activt-es ', 'in2ut , servi Gs ani. usiness- On sC_-ssf Ucrr^-io- of tra= ing, t-he Project A±-Ctc-d Famill=s w11 e eligix1t, to r--ce.ive a corin-tion of su-Esiiv ani Institutional credit un:er Integralte P.raJ_ E=velOpmc nt Prmia=me and th=re~v aciuring an. income geer_t_ing asset- Proj ec_ Affect=d E:C--ache-s (PAEs) Of Carea=rv i will e 1s nkd with cr-=a: d aa De v=lam-Incrt Programme to tke up sel-f emmI1ovmnnt uner the assistance of crn&it intituations, with the hclp *f No.-Svcnmenrital OrSanis.tions CNGOs). Project fc E;nc=oachers Jeionaing to Categoroy 7 will also e lIcek i with Intearated .ra Development Programume for credit linkceL sz-siay ena-lin¶ th-m to ta.ke uz vrious schcemes unxe-r arZc-'7'_=- mi nOZ irric ' tinr m ftesrv-, fs 4he-4=s and ser4c... ue scrs. r-t c 7:1 > !:?re 0 C- .agory z and category li W4 '' 7J n>z £e *n-_ ';.-.L rr =9 to-a =aative _ ass-stance. - -je- Pr. ject A=ff=cted -ncroachezs Of Category 9 will e mruvid-d wIt` 3 cents Of land which is 206 percent more. than t..eir re sent house s-te, un-er Ce OPY (JawQa-r Rozaar Yojna) ao building a house. T.hecy wi me assisted in xuili:ngani 0rov i-d wit Wat nspo rtatin. 51asc amcnities will ae mrovided ln the rsettlement 1lan. v'.r cateaory I0 the Project Af eczt 4 cr sach=ers w-i i link=- wih. nztcratted Rural Develop*ment -r-ogrammmt and wi 1 7L so be - .eliaible f-r all en.titlemen.ts alicl_e to Cat=Cerv as _ _ discusse a_bove. Project AEfected Ecroacners or Cat=go 12 wiil e eligi31e I o - r all entitlements ap?licabl= to Cateweor-v 5. The 1tal estimated cost towaris Resettl-ment and Reh&Dilization PIan is Rs.99.17 laThs. The abstract. *f te cost estimat- is given in the Ann=tar=e to* this *r. o. The Gavernmi=met after co--" crons ieratin *f - o the whole issues i-nvolved in the Resctt_l.ent and RenabilitatIon action plan, issue the following *r.ers:- - 1) Governm-nt aplprove the Resettlement and Reha-olitation PolIcv statement tItlei " _ackground Decr-ment_ on Resettlement and Rehac_ilitatien" and Action plan *n Resettlement andi Reh&bilitation sr.smittei by the ExcZ-.ttve Director, Madras Memtroolit.an Wait- SupplV Ind S_werage ard in his letter third readi "eve, (2) Goverment pe-.,it the Cai-rperson andi Managing Dirmctor, Maira's Metroiselitan Wiater Suanlv and Sewerage ;;.oaZd to Z.rwd_ the Rasettlement an Rehailtation AcioLn Plan to wrli Eank for their approval; ani (3) Govcrnxen,t a-p.-rve the n m of C*rrir.set±n t. ch proj CCt Affe=C-= FPr mI j S Mrn l- iI.4 ietI 7_ This ordPrs is-^.=s with in c'_;W 5 >-.ce *_ ~ ~ ~ /; OR_P O. - GOENPI ' - - SEC- FTARY TO GCV-NM~. - TIO~~~~~~~~I s M7e tzr 0ias s S i; y . -. -.uac I;nr. i SCw!=r&,ge 130 MZ EZ N zs -2- - The. M~ . gg ;' ' zrc r, - (FoLri,nc _a . , _ ,- _ -u S .C1AY'r GS.vD sec==et-ry, RPn±l Wc.r;v-ks Departn ez2t, Yiaras-5 S=r==-a:y to Hn.tblc Chicf iItr //_erw*rd4e . .e, y_taS~~~ --r>lt6 e '?' - - --4~ Bc_^ tive Di-eci en . - _i m Of-i-e- Annex- 2 - -:: . t:UUNUIWIILP I rcwrc llE Z-|>- [' s]31 11, Bawa Road, Akwarpet, Chennai -600 018 - QCiO ECONOMIC SURVEY OF PROJECT AFFECTED PERSONS OF KRISHNA WATER SUPPLY PROJECT le of the respondent (Head), Village ;er's Name Panchayat proof Produced 4(1) 0 Award Copy 2 None T Taluk: Type of Acquisition Yes No District Land E - House a o Well E E Ownership of Acquisition' Single O Multiple 5 Sex Male O Female El Age . ............. 18-35 0[ 36-50 E >50 0 Mlain Occupation Agricultural Labourer 2 Marginal Farmer 0 Small Farmer 3 Farmer 0 Trader 2 Self-employed 2 Daily Labourer 7 Govt Service a Housewife 7 Others ..............0...... a YVomen headed ,amily . Yes l No 0 Community SC a Yadava a Naidu 0 Vanniyar C Other BC a Other MBC 0 Size of the famiFy Children <14 yrs. -- ... Adults enditure Pattern < 15 16-30 31-50 > 50 ,Monthly expenditure Food 0 0 0 0 Fodder . - O O Loan repayment 01 0 a < 200 201-500 501-1000 > 1000 .Annual expenditure Clothing 7 0 E 0 Education O C a o Hea!th 0 -- E 5 0 j Travel O Q a Q oe cf house Thatched & Mud f Thatched & Bnck al Tiles & Mud - Tiles & Brick Concrete 0 Thatched & Thatched El gpe of living Own 2 Rented Sharing Public place 2 Number of rooms 1 0 2 - 3 0 >3 0 txcluding Kitchen & Bathroom) 7"hat type of housing improvements are needed ........................................................................ ........... ...................... I" A.e tne rciocwlng radcIIues .: 30 Toilet - Bathroom Electricity Separate Kitchen Cattle Shed Land Details Patta Land Leased Land Porarmbokku Land _ _ Source of irrigation: Own Well g Well shared D Reservoir D (Cannal) Rainfed C rype of improvement / additions required for irrigation................................................................................................................... ivestock details GCow Call'_ Buffalo Poultry 3ource of Income Ehoice of Income Generating activities: .......................... Tonly for landless and marginal farmers) Poultry farming Cattle rearing Goat/ Sheep rearng Fish farming Horticulture Khadi and Village Industries kks: Annex- 3 31 QufJ5ffi: 9Q5c 4i pwr L - uwr saut:-rrr ,ZjQA & i rs. G0r r i f umir uuLCL u.L b f5 Lra 94p L 6r 4s p LJt9s UDW J S6i§. 6LU u Gna~~~(~ Tr Q(54~ a;L (m4 ( LDXTL a2S!;;6MF,Br6rrrfujL]E. LnaT15,TL-qwrrGrT @GU4LIGum w9 A C5G*GZr '(rD .-w I' i rr 4) UTC3rUL Lt Qjm (eArnJ x is mf 6 sr, iSLb q mmi,Fu4nG TLw,@gj 5!mrr¢i,;L vLtElE651GT .................................... 65 E,Ui... ....... D46r 60 4s J,3Lb 6rDLo sl 9Gi-615STrr @;+,2 i- ;}' r¢¢;T6 UIT4F0-ULL6ueJT~ GT m6i) iD;,TOi5LD ;CJI dp$bg &)T inSZj;T (4(l) GR,BTCL o4rbg cOtz6r)J p LZcLT) °> r shmaT 5: -;L, z <5 l~~~Lo C1J I TcfL~ L t I' (3. ZST -o7 C(g; uq~ U- I ¢ T :-&(£9T( ( LD T (! j L Lu9(r ~--s Lb@ o)~4 iT (, 5 CLr Cil 60 4 i ]1I 7I rr c,;$1 Jc Ssr .-w 5 j o9j T1 @5 6a) ; (,E51aT G ra 5 Gc-cH6t ILIT(jc:26l EL&SM1 )4G , esUl Q)IXT (L_I aR<¢S & rxe6w rT ~ U)T . 61gUcGDU )(5LDff@f U0-TUi D iG TL 6r.Ti.a; --Trr tl 6. Li lrGi)G\L u +l 6+i36Yu m1, urrurraLrami, aD r ( O; LG-&;sr6DTs -~h ~ 4r r.-naT - 600 018 10.12.97 04994861 / 4997266 \ uLQO m Grtu /T~l~JJ u ~ ~~ I 32 NOTICE Subject: Krishna Drinking Water Supply Project - Survey about Project Affected Families. We had conducted a survev during June 1994 to collect details about those who are affected by the Krishna Drinking Water Supply Project. Based on the outcome of our survey, the Chennai Metropolitan Water Supply and Sewerage Board of Government of Tarnilnadu, have planned to implement a Resettlement and Rehabilitation Programrme for those affected families (families who have lost cultivable land, home and income) under humanitarian grounds. In this regard, our representative wiE be meeting you on and we request you to kindly extend your co-operation in sharing the details required for. Please produce the 4(I) notice or copv of the award to our representative for verification inorder to ensure that you are one of the project affected family. In case, if you are not able to meet our representative on the above said date, kindly send your application to the following address along with copies of relevant documents for consideration. Chennai Economic Perspectves 10.12.97 11, Bawa Road Alwarpet Chennai - 600 018 Ph: 4994861/4997266 Annex- 4 tf'9 ' ' \ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~33 _C- C5Dj- Cjt 4x C,- r0 1"- "f-~tl.-r e de ° ~~~~~~~~~~~~t ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ z te..n dNt 26.a2_ DD-S.1;_c, Sr C t- R>c ic t. .2 .' 2 Iv an,~~~~~~~~- - w R rd, 0:I. _ . - I r :. : :-7 - tc_ |~~~~~~~~~~c -- r, -s; ., p r 2.;a g-r :rc r, C 2- t-c, n;i - l X D r*2 a_2. Ca7 :;,, -0.., _z _1 -2 . . 5- ' rn ta -I' -wa (a0;4_2^ : r r,D^O- I- .;s.CiswSlz PR p y - ..~~~~ t .. .. - -,7,~ y Z '-, - t o,EL. . . . .t ..- . .'I , c- ;sa.c t-t "o a nk -, . , dr :.:_ a -tut. Im rv-' - t fte2i - se cra4c -,C ;SO w2e -stp y. : d nSP s er SYs= T22= (C 5: z''r 1 ~ 0r' CSz u,coss- >m-Te, p n trc .T ar ch.-_. ,\u_o rc fi~~~~~~~~_1 -7--h c ¢4arl_d 131,2 k 0=r Zrw1mAs~icW5 sKwS.c ^2< w0 Ch,Chr,~ ~ ~ ~~lm~: ai Cyan ch:e -eP rsr't RcsQ'ttlei-.Zt and -P0h-al iB tatio^. 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