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The World Bank and biodiversity - 1988-2005 : Mountains to coral reefs


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Author: MacKinnon, Kathy ; Luz, Karen ; Sobrevila, Claudia ; Wright, Elisson ; 
Document Date: 2006/02/01
Document Type: Working Paper
Report Number: 35302
Volume No: 1 of 1
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Abstract

The conservation and sustainable use of natural ecosystems and biodiversity are critical elements of the Bank's overarching mission - to alleviate poverty and support sustainable development. This study looks at all aspects of biodiversity - the foundation and mainstay of agriculture, forests, fisheries, soil conservation, and water quality, through the biological resources that provide the raw materials for livelihoods, sustenance, trade, medicines, and industry. It further reviews genetic diversity which provides the basis for new breeding programs, improved crops, enhanced agricultural production, and food security, in contrast to natural habitats and ecosystems that provide services which reduce human vulnerability, in addition to the natural hazards, i.e., drought, floods, tsunamis, and hurricanes. Further addressed are the forests, grasslands, freshwater, and marine and other natural ecosystems, that provide global environmental benefits, such as carbon sequestration, biodiversity conservation, and nutrient and hydrological cycling. Sound ecosystem management provide countless streams of benefits to, and opportunities for, human societies, while it also supports the web of life. Biodiversity conservation contributes to environmental sustainability, a critical Millennium Development Goal (MDG), and a central pillar of Bank assistance. The report examines the Bank biodiversity portfolio, reviews the implementation of the Biodiversity Convention, and focuses on mainstreaming
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